Preventive Medicine Reports最新文献_第2页

On being a doctor and caregiver: Tertiary preventive (palliative) care during crisis times in Iran 作为一名医生和护理人员：伊朗危机时期的三级预防（姑息治疗）护理

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103379

Fatemeh Zarghami

Objective

This personal reflection, as a doctor, public health professional, and gerontologist, on the dying of my father with terminal cancer, provides insight into the gaps in tertiary preventive care (palliation at the end of life) during Covid-19 period in Iran.

Methods

The reflection is based on the author's lived experience as a family caregiver during the final months of her father's life during Covid-19 time in Iran.

Results

This narrative situates challenges within Iran's fragmented health system, where palliative care is neither routinely integrated nor systematically funded—exacerbated by sanctions and pandemic-related disruptions. Despite these gaps, Iran offers relatively accessible and affordable essential health services for much of its population. It explores how structural barriers limited access to palliative services and calls for ‘dying preparedness’ as a public health priority. This narrative discusses that the collaborative efforts of families and health care professionals need to be systematically integrated into health care system.

Conclusions

The paper argues that system-level preparedness for end-of-life care is essential to honor patient wishes, reduce caregiver burden. This preparedness supports families through unavoidable deaths—particularly in low- and middle-income countries with no formal hospice infrastructure.

目的作为一名医生、公共卫生专业人员和老年病学专家，对我父亲因癌症晚期去世的个人反思，有助于深入了解伊朗在2019冠状病毒病期间三级预防保健（临终姑息治疗）方面的差距。方法该反思基于提交人在伊朗Covid-19期间父亲生命最后几个月作为家庭照顾者的生活经历。这种说法反映了伊朗支离破碎的卫生系统所面临的挑战，在伊朗，姑息治疗既没有常规整合，也没有系统地得到资助，制裁和与大流行相关的中断加剧了这种情况。尽管存在这些差距，但伊朗为其大部分人口提供了相对容易获得和负担得起的基本卫生服务。它探讨了结构性障碍如何限制获得姑息治疗服务，并呼吁将“临终准备”作为公共卫生优先事项。本叙述讨论了家庭和卫生保健专业人员的合作努力需要系统地整合到卫生保健系统中。结论系统层面的临终关怀准备对于尊重患者意愿、减轻护理人员负担至关重要。这种准备可以帮助家庭度过不可避免的死亡，特别是在没有正式临终关怀基础设施的低收入和中等收入国家。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of non-minimum wages on health: A narrative literature review of short- and long-run studies using causal inference or longitudinal data in high-income countries 非最低工资对健康的影响：对高收入国家使用因果推理或纵向数据进行的短期和长期研究的叙述性文献综述

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103402

J. Paul Leigh , Juan Du

Objectives

We reviewed studies examining effects of non–minimum wages on health using causal inference or longitudinal data in high-income countries. We excluded studies on direct effects of minimum wages and on analyses using cross-sectional data without causal designs.

Methods

Our review covered studies from public health, epidemiology, social sciences, and statistics, and published between 1974 and November 2025. Searches were conducted in Google Scholar and PubMed and supplemented by reference and citation tracing. We defined short-run (≤2 years) and long-run (≥5 years).

Results

Thirty-eight studies met inclusion criteria: 20 short-run causal analyses, four short-run longitudinal studies, 12 long-run studies using causal or longitudinal methods, and two encompassing both timeframes. Instrumental variable models were most common, although many instruments (e.g., education and work experience) were invalid. Across 20+ health outcomes—most frequently self-rated health, mortality, and work limitations—results were heterogeneous. We identified recurrent methodological limitations and highlight priorities for future research.

Conclusions

Although findings lack consensus, most studies, particularly long-run analyses, report that lower wages are associated with poorer health, consistent with the allostatic load and Friedman's permanent-income hypotheses. These findings carry implications for minimum-wage-and-health studies in which null findings predominate because those are only short run.

目的：我们回顾了在高收入国家使用因果推理或纵向数据检验非最低工资对健康影响的研究。我们排除了关于最低工资直接影响的研究和使用没有因果设计的横断面数据的分析。方法本综述涵盖了1974年至2025年11月期间发表的公共卫生、流行病学、社会科学和统计学研究。检索在b谷歌Scholar和PubMed中进行，并辅以参考文献和引文追踪。我们定义了短期（≤2年）和长期（≥5年）。38项研究符合纳入标准：20项短期因果分析，4项短期纵向研究，12项使用因果或纵向方法的长期研究，2项同时涵盖两种时间框架。工具变量模型是最常见的，尽管许多工具（例如教育和工作经验）是无效的。在20多个健康结果中——最常见的是自我评估的健康、死亡率和工作限制——结果是不一致的。我们发现了反复出现的方法局限性，并强调了未来研究的重点。结论：尽管研究结果缺乏共识，但大多数研究，特别是长期分析，都报告说，较低的工资与较差的健康状况有关，这与适应负荷和弗里德曼的永久收入假设相一致。这些发现对最低工资与健康的研究具有启示意义，因为这些研究只是短期的，所以没有发现。

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引用次数: 0

Matrix metalloproteinases and risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the United Kingdom: A prospective cohort study with machine learning analysis 基质金属蛋白酶与英国心血管疾病死亡率和发病率的风险：一项机器学习分析的前瞻性队列研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103397

Jiayi Huang , Hao Jiang , Yi Lu , Xiangwei Ding , Chuanmeng Zhang , Yongping Lin , Minglong Chen

Objective

To explore the predictive role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes.

Methods

In a cohort of 37,154 UK Biobank participants, we analyzed plasma levels of nine MMPs using baseline samples collected in the United Kingdom between 2006 and 2010, with follow-up for outcomes until April 22, 2024. Cox models estimated Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for CVD mortality, morbidity, and subtypes. Machine learning models were built and evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves, receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC), and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for feature importance.

Results

MMP-1, −3, −7, −8, −9, and − 12 were associated with increased risk of CVD mortality. MMP-7 (HR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.37, 1.80) and MMP-12 (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.53, 1.88) had the strongest associations. The MMP-based prediction model achieved high discrimination for CVD mortality (Area Under the Curve [AUC] = 0.89), CVD morbidity (AUC = 0.72), arrhythmia (AUC = 0.69), coronary artery disease (AUC = 0.76), cerebrovascular accident (AUC = 0.81) and heart failure (AUC = 0.81).The SHAP value identified MMP-12 as the most consistent predictor, followed by MMP-7.

Conclusions

MMPs, particularly MMP-12 and MMP-7, strongly predict CVD risk. The MMP-based model shows potential for clinical risk stratification.

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）在心血管疾病（CVD）预后中的预测作用。在英国生物银行37154名参与者的队列中，我们使用2006年至2010年在英国收集的基线样本分析了9种MMPs的血浆水平，并随访至2024年4月22日。Cox模型估计心血管疾病死亡率、发病率和亚型的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线、受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）和SHapley加性解释（SHAP）对特征重要性建立和评估机器学习模型。结果smmp -1、−3、−7、−8、−9和−12与CVD死亡风险增加相关。MMP-7 （HR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.37, 1.80）和MMP-12 （HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.53, 1.88）的相关性最强。基于mmp的预测模型对CVD死亡率（曲线下面积[AUC] = 0.89）、CVD发病率（AUC = 0.72）、心律失常（AUC = 0.69）、冠状动脉疾病（AUC = 0.76）、脑血管意外（AUC = 0.81）和心力衰竭（AUC = 0.81）具有较高的辨识度。SHAP值确定MMP-12是最一致的预测因子，其次是MMP-7。结论smmp，尤其是MMP-12和MMP-7，对CVD风险有很强的预测作用。基于mmp的模型显示了临床风险分层的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

HPV detection in first void urine and cervicovaginal samples: comparative study and analysis of associated factors in women from tunja, colombia 首次空尿和宫颈阴道样本中HPV检测：哥伦比亚tunja妇女相关因素的比较研究和分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103393

Lorenzo Hernando Salamanca Neita , Elizabeth Guío Mahecha , Mónica Gabriela Huertas Valero , Johana Marín Suárez , Juan Pablo Carvajal Rojas , Gloria Eugenia Camargo Villalba , Laura Ximena Ramírez López

Objective

To compare Human Papillomavirus (HPV) detection in first-void urine (FVU) and cervicovaginal samples and to analyze factors associated with cervicovaginal HPV infection among women in Tunja, Colombia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 161 women aged 20–65 years residing in Tunja, Colombia. Samples and data were collected between September and November 2022 in a clinical laboratory. Cervicovaginal and FVU samples were obtained for HPV genotyping using the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II kit. Concordance, sensitivity, specificity, and associations with sociodemographic and gynecological variables were evaluated. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) were estimated using logistic regression.

Results

HPV prevalence was 29.19% in cervicovaginal samples and 32.91% in urine samples. Genotypes 52 and 68 were the most frequent in both sample types. Concordance between tests was weak (kappa = 0.39). Sensitivity and specificity of urine-based detection were 61.70% and 78.94%, respectively. In the multivariable model, only pregnancy history remained independently associated with cervicovaginal HPV infection.

Conclusions

HPV infection prevalence was moderate, with high-risk genotypes detected in both sample types. The history of pregnancy was the only independent factor associated with cervicovaginal HPV infection. HPV detection in urine showed limited diagnostic performance, highlighting the need to optimize urine screening strategies.

目的比较首次空尿（FVU）和宫颈阴道样本中人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的检测情况，分析哥伦比亚Tunja地区妇女宫颈阴道HPV感染的相关因素。方法对居住在哥伦比亚Tunja的161名年龄在20 ~ 65岁的女性进行横断面研究。样本和数据于2022年9月至11月在临床实验室收集。使用ino - lipa HPV基因分型Extra II试剂盒获得宫颈阴道和FVU样本进行HPV基因分型。评估一致性、敏感性、特异性以及与社会人口学和妇科变量的关联。使用逻辑回归估计粗比值比和调整比值比（OR）。结果宫颈阴道标本中shpv患病率为29.19%，尿液标本中shpv患病率为32.91%。基因型52和68在两种样本类型中最常见。试验间一致性较弱（kappa = 0.39）。尿法检测的敏感性和特异性分别为61.70%和78.94%。在多变量模型中，只有妊娠史仍然与宫颈阴道HPV感染独立相关。结论shpv感染流行程度中等，两种样本均存在高危基因型。妊娠史是与宫颈阴道HPV感染相关的唯一独立因素。尿中HPV检测显示有限的诊断性能，突出了优化尿液筛查策略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Adherence to heart rate-based intensity parameters predicts cardiovascular response to 12-weeks of aerobic cycling training in sedentary older adults 坚持以心率为基础的强度参数预测久坐的老年人进行12周有氧自行车训练后的心血管反应

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103388

Tom S. Novak , Caroline Quan , Keith McGregor , Kevin Mammino , Medina Bello , Joe R. Nocera

Objectives

Exercise improves cardiovascular health in older adults, yet variability in responsiveness remains. This study tested if prescribed exercise intensity adherence predicts individual differences in cardiovascular fitness gains following an intervention.

Methods

From 2017 to 2022, nineteen sedentary older adults (69.78 ± 6.47 years) completed a 12-week aerobic cycling program in the Exercise Research Laboratory at the Atlanta VA Hospital. Participants trained 3× weekly, progressing from 20 to 45 min per session. Target intensity, expressed as percent heart rate reserve (HRR), increased from 50% to 80%. Cardiovascular fitness (

\dot{V} O

_2max) was estimated pre- and post-intervention using the YMCA submaximal test. Attendance reflected the proportion of completed sessions. Intensity-based adherence was derived from the ratio of median HR to prescribed HR across sessions, modeled over time, and expressed as change from session 1 to 36.

Results

Estimated

\dot{V} O

_2max increased significantly (21.51 ± 8.77 to 25.80 ± 9.42 ml/kg/min, p < .001). Attendance exceeded 90% and did not predict estimated

\dot{V} O

_2max change, whereas HR adherence to prescribed intensity significantly predicted improvement (R² = 0.42, p = .01).

Conclusions

Cardiovascular adaptations in older adults relate more strongly to prescribed HR adherence than attendance. Objective, trajectory-based adherence metrics may refine exercise prescriptions and improve prediction of individual responsiveness.

目的：运动可以改善老年人的心血管健康，但其反应性仍存在差异。这项研究测试了是否坚持规定的运动强度可以预测干预后心血管健康增加的个体差异。方法2017年至2022年，19名久坐老年人（69.78±6.47岁）在亚特兰大VA医院运动研究实验室完成了为期12周的有氧自行车项目。参与者每周训练3次，每次从20分钟到45分钟不等。目标强度，以百分比心率储备（HRR）表示，从50%增加到80%。心血管适应度（V˙O2max）在干预前和干预后通过YMCA次极大试验进行评估。出席率反映了完成会议的比例。以强度为基础的依从性来源于各疗程中HR与处方HR的比值，并随时间建模，表示为从第1期到第36期的变化。结果V˙O2max估测值显著升高（21.51±8.77 ~ 25.80±9.42 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001）。出勤率超过90%并不能预测估计的V˙O2max变化，而坚持规定强度的HR显著预测改善（R2 = 0.42, p = 0.01）。结论：老年人的心血管适应性与处方HR依从性的关系比出席率的关系更强。客观的，基于运动轨迹的依从性指标可以改进运动处方，提高对个体反应性的预测。

{"title":"Adherence to heart rate-based intensity parameters predicts cardiovascular response to 12-weeks of aerobic cycling training in sedentary older adults","authors":"Tom S. Novak , Caroline Quan , Keith McGregor , Kevin Mammino , Medina Bello , Joe R. Nocera","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Exercise improves cardiovascular health in older adults, yet variability in responsiveness remains. This study tested if prescribed exercise intensity adherence predicts individual differences in cardiovascular fitness gains following an intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From 2017 to 2022, nineteen sedentary older adults (69.78 ± 6.47 years) completed a 12-week aerobic cycling program in the Exercise Research Laboratory at the Atlanta VA Hospital. Participants trained 3× weekly, progressing from 20 to 45 min per session. Target intensity, expressed as percent heart rate reserve (HRR), increased from 50% to 80%. Cardiovascular fitness (<span><math><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mi>O</mi></math></span><sub>2max</sub>) was estimated pre- and post-intervention using the YMCA submaximal test. Attendance reflected the proportion of completed sessions. Intensity-based adherence was derived from the ratio of median HR to prescribed HR across sessions, modeled over time, and expressed as change from session 1 to 36.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Estimated <span><math><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mi>O</mi></math></span><sub>2max</sub> increased significantly (21.51 ± 8.77 to 25.80 ± 9.42 ml/kg/min, <em>p</em> < .001). Attendance exceeded 90% and did not predict estimated <span><math><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mi>O</mi></math></span><sub>2max</sub> change, whereas HR adherence to prescribed intensity significantly predicted improvement (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.42, <em>p</em> = .01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cardiovascular adaptations in older adults relate more strongly to prescribed HR adherence than attendance. Objective, trajectory-based adherence metrics may refine exercise prescriptions and improve prediction of individual responsiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of commune level social inequalities on time to diagnosis and follow-up in women with high-grade cervical lesions in Isère, France: Evidence from the French cervical cancer screening program 公社层面的社会不平等对法国is<e:1>地区高级别宫颈病变妇女诊断和随访时间的影响：来自法国宫颈癌筛查项目的证据。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103396

Christian Balamou , Karine Zysman , Christelle M. Rodrigue , Arnaud Seigneurin

Objective

To assess the impact of commune level social inequality characteristics on delays in access to cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, and initial treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study among asymptomatic women living in Isère (department in France) who had undergone at least one cervico-uterine smear between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018. Patients with positive screening results were referred for further diagnostic procedures. Social disparities were assessed using the French Deprivation Index.

Results

3060 cases of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions with complete diagnosis dates were included in the analysis. Women from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged quintiles experienced significantly longer diagnostic delays than women from more advantaged groups (quintile 2: 0.72 [95% confidence interval: 0.58, 0.91]; quintile 3: 0.76 [95% confidence interval: 0.60, 0.98]). No significant association was found between socioeconomic factors and delays in treatment initiation.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate significantly longer times to diagnostic procedures for women from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds and those with low-grade cytological abnormalities. Given the potential progression to invasive cervical cancer, it may be advisable to allocate specific resources to ensure appropriate follow-up for women with low-grade cytological lesions, particularly those residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.

目的：评估社区层面的社会不平等特征对宫颈癌筛查、诊断和高级别宫颈上皮内病变初始治疗延迟的影响。方法：我们对2010年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间至少接受过一次宫颈-子宫涂片检查的无症状妇女进行了回顾性横断面研究。筛查结果呈阳性的患者接受进一步的诊断程序。社会差距是用法国剥夺指数来评估的。结果：3060例诊断日期完整的高级别宫颈上皮内病变纳入分析。社会经济条件最不利的五分之一组的妇女比条件较好的五分之一组的妇女诊断延误的时间明显更长（五分之一组2:0.72[95%置信区间：0.58,0.91]；五分之一组3:0.76[95%置信区间：0.60,0.98]）。未发现社会经济因素与延迟开始治疗之间存在显著关联。结论：我们的研究结果表明，来自社会经济不利背景的妇女和那些有低度细胞学异常的妇女进行诊断程序的时间明显更长。考虑到浸润性宫颈癌的潜在进展，分配特定的资源以确保对低级别细胞学病变的妇女进行适当的随访可能是明智的，特别是那些居住在社会经济不利地区的妇女。

{"title":"Impact of commune level social inequalities on time to diagnosis and follow-up in women with high-grade cervical lesions in Isère, France: Evidence from the French cervical cancer screening program","authors":"Christian Balamou , Karine Zysman , Christelle M. Rodrigue , Arnaud Seigneurin","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the impact of commune level social inequality characteristics on delays in access to cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, and initial treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study among asymptomatic women living in Isère (department in France) who had undergone at least one cervico-uterine smear between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018. Patients with positive screening results were referred for further diagnostic procedures. Social disparities were assessed using the French Deprivation Index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3060 cases of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions with complete diagnosis dates were included in the analysis. Women from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged quintiles experienced significantly longer diagnostic delays than women from more advantaged groups (quintile 2: 0.72 [95% confidence interval: 0.58, 0.91]; quintile 3: 0.76 [95% confidence interval: 0.60, 0.98]). No significant association was found between socioeconomic factors and delays in treatment initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate significantly longer times to diagnostic procedures for women from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds and those with low-grade cytological abnormalities. Given the potential progression to invasive cervical cancer, it may be advisable to allocate specific resources to ensure appropriate follow-up for women with low-grade cytological lesions, particularly those residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Sunlight” illuminates “empty nests”: the influence of social participation on the multi-dimensional health of empty-nest elderly in China “阳光”照亮“空巢”：社会参与对中国空巢老人多维健康的影响

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103395

Qiaosen Jin , Peng Cheng , Taotao Zhou

Objective

To investigate the health of China's empty-nest elderly and the impact of social participation behaviour, quantity and types on their health.

Methods

This national panel data used data from the China Family Panel Studies conducted in 2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022. The relationship between social participation and multidimensional health among empty-nest elderly was examined using a two-way fixed-effects model and instrumental variables.

Results

The mean health index for China's empty-nest elderly stands at 0.02, with physical health averaging 0.63, mental health at 26.62, and self-rated health at 2.48. Compared to empty-nest elderly lacking social participation, those with social participation exhibit superior health index, physical health, psychological health, and self-rated health (all P < 0.01). The quantity of social participation correlated with better health index, physical health, mental health, and self-rated health among empty-nest elderly. Economic participation and family participation correlated with better health outcomes among empty-nest elderly.

Conclusions

Social participation has a positive effect on the health of empty-nest elderly. The influence of economic participation and family participation on the health of empty-nest elderly is more prominent.

目的：了解中国空巢老年人的健康状况及社会参与行为、数量和类型对其健康的影响。方法：本国家面板数据使用了2016年、2018年、2020年和2022年进行的中国家庭面板研究的数据。采用双向固定效应模型和工具变量对空巢老年人社会参与与多维健康之间的关系进行了研究。结果：中国空巢老人健康指数均值为0.02，其中身体健康指数均值为0.63，心理健康指数均值为26.62，自评健康指数均值为2.48。与缺乏社会参与的空巢老人相比，有社会参与的空巢老人在健康指数、身体健康、心理健康和自评健康方面均表现出更高的水平（均为P）。经济参与和家庭参与对空巢老人健康的影响更为突出。

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引用次数: 0

Adolescent E-cigarette use, social media exposure and socioeconomic inequality – results from a german school-based survey 德国一项基于学校的调查得出了青少年电子烟使用、社交媒体曝光和社会经济不平等的结果

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103398

Maike Trümpelmann , Mareike Lüthgen , Annika Burgard , Paul Axt , Henrike A. Faesser , Tobias Jagomast , Ulf Bachmann , Anna-Christina Sondersorg , Sabine Bohnet , Daniel Drömann , Folke Brinkmann , Loana Penner , Klaas F. Franzen

Objectives

Adolescent e-cigarette use has increased worldwide, reflecting digital exposure and shifting norms. This study aimed to identify socioeconomic and digital determinants of e-cigarette use among adolescents and to inform prevention strategies.

Methods

Data were collected from April to July 2024 among 829 students aged 11 to 19 years in three schools in northern Germany. An age-adapted questionnaire co-developed with students assessed sociodemographic characteristics, parental and media influences, risk perception, and nicotine use. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied.

Results

Of all participants, 37.2% had tried e-cigarettes and 6.7% reported daily use. E-cigarette use increased with age (p < .01) but did not differ by gender. Exposure to e-cigarette content on TikTok (OR = 3.32, p < .01) and Instagram (OR = 3.00, p < .01) showed associations with e-cigarette use. Higher pocket money and parental nicotine consumption were associated with increased odds of e-cigarette use (OR = 3.00, p < .01; OR = 4.05, p < .01). Only 41% reported receiving school-based education on e-cigarette use.

Conclusions

Adolescent e-cigarette use is shaped by digital exposure, socioeconomic resources, and parental behavior. Prevention requires regulation of advertising, integration into school curricula, and family-based communication.

全球青少年使用电子烟的情况有所增加，反映了数字暴露和规范的变化。本研究旨在确定青少年使用电子烟的社会经济和数字决定因素，并为预防策略提供信息。方法于2024年4月至7月对德国北部3所学校的829名11 ~ 19岁的学生进行调查。与学生共同开发了一份适合年龄的问卷，评估了社会人口特征、父母和媒体影响、风险认知和尼古丁使用情况。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归模型。结果在所有参与者中，37.2%的人尝试过电子烟，6.7%的人报告每天使用电子烟。电子烟的使用随着年龄的增长而增加（p < 0.01），但在性别上没有差异。在TikTok （OR = 3.32, p < .01）和Instagram （OR = 3.00, p < .01）上接触电子烟内容与使用电子烟有关。较高的零用钱和父母尼古丁摄入量与电子烟使用几率增加相关（OR = 3.00, p < 0.01; OR = 4.05, p < 0.01）。只有41%的人表示接受了有关电子烟使用的学校教育。结论：青少年电子烟的使用受数字暴露、社会经济资源和父母行为的影响。预防需要管制广告，将其纳入学校课程，以及以家庭为基础的交流。

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引用次数: 0

Psychometric validation of the food and nutrition literacy scale (Escala de Literacia da Alimentação e Nutrição – E-LAN) among Portuguese youth 葡萄牙青年食品和营养素养量表(e -LAN)的心理测量验证

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103392

Maria João Batalha , Camila Rosinha , Catarina Amaro , Mariana Couto , Mariana Fidalgo , Sara Simões Dias

Objectives

Psychometric Validation of the Escala de Literacia da Alimentação e Nutrição (E-LAN), addressing the current lack of validated instruments for assessing food and nutrition literacy among portuguese youth.

Study design

Cross-sectional.

Methods

The study was conducted in a school setting in the western region of central Portugal between April 10 and 12, 2024, using a convenience sample of children aged 10–12 years. The E-LAN comprises 49 items (42 Likert-scale and 7 multiple-choice) across seven subscales assessing cognitive and skills domains. Reliability was examined using Cronbach's α, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the internal structure, using χ²/df, AGFI, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA as fit indices.

Results

The initial scale showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.875). Four items were removed due to low item-total correlations and factor loadings. The revised 38-item version demonstrated improved reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.889), acceptable inter-item correlations, and good model fit (χ²/df = 1.45; AGFI = 0.91; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.06).

Conclusions

The E-LAN is a concise, reliable, and valid tool for assessing food and nutrition literacy among portuguese youth, supporting its use in public health research and interventions.

目的：对食品营养 (e - lan)进行心理计量学验证，解决目前缺乏评估葡萄牙青年食品和营养素养的有效工具的问题。研究designCross-sectional。方法本研究于2024年4月10日至12日在葡萄牙中部西部地区的一所学校进行，使用了10 - 12岁的儿童作为方便样本。E-LAN包括七个子量表的49个项目（42个李克特量表和7个选择题），评估认知和技能领域。采用Cronbach’s α检验信度，采用验证性因子分析（CFA）评价内部结构，拟合指标采用χ2/df、AGFI、CFI、TLI和RMSEA。结果初始量表具有良好的内部一致性（Cronbach’s α = 0.875）。由于低项目总量相关性和因素负荷，四个项目被删除。修订后的38个条目的版本证明了提高的信度（Cronbach's α = 0.889），可接受的条目间相关性和良好的模型拟合（χ2/df = 1.45; AGFI = 0.91; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.06）。结论E-LAN是一种简明、可靠、有效的评估葡萄牙青年食物和营养素养的工具，支持其在公共卫生研究和干预中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Latent profile analysis of physical activity self-efficacy among women with preconception overweight/obesity in Zhengzhou, China 郑州市孕前超重/肥胖妇女身体活动自我效能的潜在特征分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103391

Yingli Song , Juan Wang , Xiao Yang , Xiangzhi Wang , Ji Zhang

Objective

This study aimed to explore the current status and latent profiles of physical activity self-efficacy among women with preconception overweight or obesity.

Methods

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 400 pregnant women with a preconception body mass index greater than 24 kg/m² from a tertiary maternal and child health hospital in Zhengzhou, China, between January and April 2025. Data were collected using the Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale and the Social Support for Prenatal Physical Activity Scale. Latent profile analysis was conducted using Mplus 8.3, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0.

Results

A total of 388 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Women with preconception overweight/obesity were categorized into three distinct latent profiles: Low Management-Health Education Dependent (45.6%, characterized by reliance on healthcare guidance), Moderate Motivation-Execution Support Limited (44.9%, demonstrating partial self-regulation but constrained by external factors), and High Efficacy-Autonomous Persistence Driven (9.5%, exhibiting strong self-motivation and adherence). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that having an exercise plan during pregnancy, prior knowledge of prenatal exercise, and social support for physical activity were significant influencing factors.

Conclusions

Physical activity self-efficacy among women with preconception overweight/obesity was at a moderate level overall, demonstrating distinct classification characteristics.

目的探讨孕前超重或肥胖女性身体活动自我效能感的现状及潜在特征。方法采用方便抽样方法，于2025年1 - 4月在郑州市某三级妇幼保健院招募400名孕前体重指数大于24 kg/m2的孕妇。采用体育活动自我效能感量表和产前体育活动社会支持量表收集数据。使用Mplus 8.3进行潜在特征分析，使用SPSS 25.0进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果共回收有效问卷388份。孕前超重/肥胖女性被分为三个不同的潜在特征：低管理-健康教育依赖（45.6%，以依赖医疗保健指导为特征），中度动机-执行支持有限（44.9%，表现出部分自我调节但受外部因素限制），以及高效-自主坚持驱动（9.5%，表现出强烈的自我激励和坚持）。多变量logistic回归分析结果显示，孕期有运动计划、产前运动知识、社会对运动的支持是影响体育锻炼的显著因素。结论孕前超重/肥胖女性的身体活动自我效能感总体处于中等水平，具有明显的分类特征。

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