Preventive Medicine Reports最新文献_第5页

The association between visceral adipose accumulation and hyperuricemia risk among Chinese elder individuals: A nationwide prospective cohort study 中国老年人内脏脂肪堆积与高尿酸血症风险的关系一项全国性前瞻性队列研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102843

Background

Lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) are proposed indices of visceral adipose accumulation. This study aimed to explore their relationship and temporal changes with hyperuricemia (HUA) development in a Chinese population.

Methods

A total of 4268 participants aged ≥45 years from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were followed up for 4 years (from 2011 to 2015). The relationships among VAI, LAP, CVAI and HUA were analyzed using logistic regression. The predictive abilities of the VAI, LAP and CVAI for HUA were compared using receiver operating characteristic curves. Nonlinear relationships between the indices and HUA were analyzed using restricted cubic spline regression.

Results

During the four-year follow-up, 415 (9.72 %) patients experienced incident HUA . Elevated baseline VAI (odds ratio (OR): 1.19 (95 % confidence interval (95 %CI: 1.10, 1.29)), LAP (OR: 1.21 (95 % CI: 1.09, 1.34)) and CVAI (OR: 1.19 (95 % CI: 1.02, 1.40)) were significantly correlated with increased HUA risk (all P < 0.05). Compared to individuals with consistently low VAI,CVAIor LAP levels, those with elevated or consistently high levels of these indicators are more likely to have HUA. The area under curve (AUC) was slightly greater and more significant for the CVAI (AUC=0.641) than for the VAI (AUC=0.604) and LAP (AUC=0.628) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

VAI, LAP and CVAI can predict HUA, with CVAI more efficient than VAI and LAP. Early management can lessen the burden of HUA in Chinese people aged 45 years or older with elevated CVAI levels.

背景脂质堆积乘积（LAP）、内脏脂肪指数（VAI）和中国人内脏脂肪指数（CVAI）是衡量内脏脂肪堆积的指标。本研究旨在探讨它们与中国人群高尿酸血症（HUA）发展的关系和时间变化。方法对中国健康与退休纵向研究基线调查中年龄≥45岁的4268名参与者进行了为期4年（2011年至2015年）的随访。采用逻辑回归分析了VAI、LAP、CVAI和HUA之间的关系。使用接收者操作特征曲线比较了 VAI、LAP 和 CVAI 对 HUA 的预测能力。结果在四年的随访中，415 名患者（9.72%）发生了 HUA 事件。基线 VAI（比值比 (OR)：1.19（95 % 置信区间 (95 %CI: 1.10, 1.29)）、LAP（比值比 (OR)：1.21（95 % CI: 1.09, 1.34））和 CVAI（比值比 (OR)：1.19（95 % CI: 1.02, 1.40））升高与 HUA 风险增加显著相关（所有 P 均为 0.05）。与 VAI、CVAI 或 LAP 水平持续较低的个体相比，这些指标水平升高或持续较高的个体更有可能患有 HUA。CVAI的曲线下面积（AUC）（AUC=0.641）略高于VAI（AUC=0.604）和LAP（AUC=0.628）（P< 0.05），且更显著。对于 CVAI 水平升高的 45 岁及以上中国人，早期治疗可减轻 HUA 的负担。

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引用次数: 0

Correlates of intention-to-attend and confirmed cervical screening attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: Findings from Compass-PLUS, a prospective cohort study 澳大利亚 COVID-19 大流行期间宫颈癌筛查就诊意向和确诊就诊率的相关因素：前瞻性队列研究 Compass-PLUS 的结果

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102849

Objective

The coronavirus pandemic impacted health-seeking behaviour and access to primary care in Australia. We investigated factors associated with intention-to-attend and attendance of cervical screening during the pandemic, mainly in Victoria, Australia.

Methods

We used questionnaire and attendance data (Aug 2020-Nov 2022) from Compass-PLUS, a sub-study of the Compass randomized-controlled trial of Human Papillomavirus-based vs cytology-based screening. Data was restricted to the HPV-screening arm for comparability to the national program. We investigated associations overall and for younger (25–39 years) and older (≥40 years) cohorts, between intention-to-attend/attendance, and socio-demographics, anxiety-related scores, and agreement with beliefs about screening during the pandemic (e.g. importance of screening, increased workload, working from home, risk of infection).

Results

Among 2,226 participants, positive intention to attend screening was more likely among those with a family history of cancer (p = 0.030) or living outside major cities (p = 0.024). Increased attendance was associated with increasing age (p < 0.001), prior regular cervical screening history [adjusted relative risk (aRR) for 2 screens in 6 years vs none: 1.23 (95 %CI 1.09,1.40); p < 0.001], and part-time employment or retirement compared to full-time employment [aRR:1.08 (1.02,1.14); aRR:1.12 (1.03, 1.22); respectively]. Lower attendance was related to increased agreement with statements indicating screening de-prioritisation (p-trend < 0.05) and higher recent anxiety, specifically in the older cohort (p-trend = 0.002).

Conclusions

Reduced priority of screening and heightened recent anxiety may partly explain indications of lower-than-expected cervical screening rates during the pandemic. It is important that catch-up of missed HPV screens is performed to prevent a possible increase in cancer diagnoses in the long term.

目的冠状病毒大流行影响了澳大利亚人的健康寻求行为和初级保健的获得。方法我们使用了 Compass-PLUS 的问卷调查和就诊数据（2020 年 8 月至 2022 年 11 月），Compass-PLUS 是基于人乳头瘤病毒与基于细胞学筛查的 Compass 随机对照试验的一项子研究。数据仅限于 HPV 筛查组，以便与国家项目进行比较。我们调查了总体情况、年轻组群（25-39 岁）和年长组群（≥40 岁）参加筛查的意向/出席率与社会人口统计学、焦虑相关评分以及对大流行期间筛查信念（如筛查的重要性、工作量增加、在家工作、感染风险）的认同之间的关联。结果在 2,226 名参与者中，有癌症家族史（p = 0.030）或居住在大城市以外（p = 0.024）的人更有可能积极参加筛查。参加筛查的人数增加与年龄增长（p <0.001）、之前定期接受宫颈筛查的历史[6 年内接受 2 次筛查与未接受筛查的调整相对风险（aRR）：1.23（95 %CI 1.09,1.40）；p <0.001]以及兼职工作或退休与全职工作相比[aRR：1.08（1.02,1.14）；aRR：1.12（1.03,1.22）；分别]有关。参加率较低与更多人同意筛查优先级降低的说法（p-trend <0.05）和更高的近期焦虑有关，特别是在年龄较大的人群中（p-trend = 0.002）。重要的是，要对漏检的 HPV 进行补检，以防止癌症诊断率的长期上升。

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引用次数: 0

Exercise referral schemes increase Patients’ cardiorespiratory Endurance: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis 运动转诊计划可提高患者的心肺耐力：系统回顾和元分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102844

Introduction

The efficacy of exercise referral schemes (ERS) involving primary care providers to an exercise specialist on patients’ physical activity is uncertain and primarily based on self-report outcomes. Cardiorespiratory endurance carries clinically relevant information and is an objective outcome measure that has been used to evaluate ERS, but this literature has not been amalgamated. We determined the effectiveness of ERS involving qualified exercise professionals (QEPs) on patients’ cardiorespiratory endurance.

Methods

A systematic review with between-group and within-group meta-analyses was performed to examine the effects of ERS on cardiorespiratory endurance. We searched Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Academic Search Premier databases from their inception to February 2023 to find ERS interventions (randomized/non-randomized, controlled/non-controlled). To be included, studies required an adult patient referral from a primary care provider to a QEP.

Results

Twenty-nine articles comprising 6326 (3684 females) unique patients were included. Patients were primarily older (62 ± 9 years; range: 48–82) and overweight (body mass index: 28.9 ± 7.5 kg/m²; range: 22.5–37.1). Improvements in patients’ cardiorespiratory endurance were observed in 20 of the 29 studies. Among controlled studies (n = 14), the meta-analysis exhibited a favorable effect on cardiorespiratory endurance between the intervention and the comparator groups (Hedge’s g: 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.09 to 0.52). The ERS interventions also improved cardiorespiratory endurance when comparing pre- and post-intervention effects (all studies, Cohen’s d: 0.57, 95 % CI: 0.45 to 0.69).

Conclusion

ERS that incorporate a QEP lead to improvements in patients’ cardiorespiratory endurance, providing support for the creation of these programs to help patients lead healthier lifestyles.

导言：运动转介计划（ERS）是由初级保健提供者向运动专家转介患者的运动量，其效果尚不确定，主要基于自我报告结果。心肺耐力包含临床相关信息，是一种客观的结果测量，已被用于评估 ERS，但这些文献尚未合并。我们确定了由合格的专业运动人员（QEPs）参与的 ERS 对患者心肺耐力的影响。方法我们通过组间荟萃分析和组内荟萃分析对 ERS 对心肺耐力的影响进行了系统回顾。我们检索了 Scopus、EMBASE、MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 Academic Search Premier 数据库从开始到 2023 年 2 月的内容，以查找 ERS 干预（随机/非随机、对照/非对照）。结果共纳入 29 篇文章，涉及 6326 名患者（3684 名女性）。患者主要为老年人（62 ± 9 岁；范围：48-82 岁）和超重者（体重指数：28.9 ± 7.5 kg/m2；范围：22.5-37.1）。29 项研究中有 20 项观察到患者的心肺耐力有所改善。在对照研究（n = 14）中，荟萃分析表明，干预组和对比组对心肺耐力的改善效果良好（Hedge's g：0.31，95 % CI：0.09 至 0.52）。在比较干预前和干预后的效果时，ERS 干预也改善了心肺耐力（所有研究，Cohen's d：0.57，95 % CI：0.45 至 0.69）。

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引用次数: 0

Adapting the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Learning from Lifestyle Coach strategies and adjustments during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States 调整国家糖尿病预防计划：从美国 COVID-19 大流行期间的生活方式指导战略和调整中学习

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102847

Background

The National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) is an evidence-based lifestyle intervention successfully disseminated across the United States. Some adaptations have been made to address real-world needs, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to qualitatively describe adaptations Lifestyle Coaches made in response to the pandemic.

Methods

Between May and June 2021, Lifestyle Coaches (n = 300) from organizations across the United States answered open-ended survey questions about adjustments implemented during the pandemic. Survey responses were descriptively coded and codes were grouped into categories.

Results

Nearly all coaches transitioned the format of their class from in-person to remote delivery (93.0 %; n = 279). Other commonly-reported strategies included adjusting contact with participants (48.0 %; n = 144), increasing support for participants (36.7 %; n = 110), and tailoring materials (28.3 %; n = 85).

Conclusions

Maintaining these adaptations may address barriers to engagement in the National DPP and improve access to the program. Increased support for emotional symptoms and ensuring a patient-centered approach to care are particularly promising strategies.

背景国家糖尿病预防计划（National Diabetes Prevention Program，简称 DPP）是一项以证据为基础的生活方式干预措施，已在全美成功推广。为了满足现实世界的需要，包括在 COVID-19 大流行期间，该计划进行了一些调整。本研究旨在定性描述生活方式指导员针对大流行病所做的调整。方法在 2021 年 5 月至 6 月期间，来自全美各组织的生活方式指导员（n = 300）回答了有关大流行病期间所做调整的开放式调查问题。调查结果几乎所有的教练都将课堂形式从面对面授课过渡到了远程授课（93.0%；n = 279）。其他普遍报告的策略包括调整与参与者的联系（48.0%；n = 144）、增加对参与者的支持（36.7%；n = 110）以及调整材料（28.3%；n = 85）。增加对情绪症状的支持和确保以患者为中心的护理方法是特别有前景的策略。

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引用次数: 0

An early sepsis prediction model utilizing machine learning and unbalanced data processing in a clinical context 在临床环境中利用机器学习和不平衡数据处理的早期败血症预测模型

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102841

Background

Early and accurate diagnoses of sepsis patients are essential to reduce the mortality. However, the sepsis is still diagnosed in a traditional way in China despite the increasing number of related studies, which may to some extent lead to delays in the treatment.

Methods

The study included 2,385 patients, including 364 with sepsis, collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and partner hospitals from April to July 2022. External validation was conducted using the MIMIC-III database (over 60,000 patients from 2001 to 2012) and the eICU Collaborative Research Database (139,000 patients from 2014 to 2015). Multiple algorithm models, along with the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis, are applied to explore the main risk factors for the accurate prediction of the sepsis. Multiple Imputations for filling missing data and the Synthetic Minority Oversampling (SMOTE) balancing method for balancing data are used for the data processing.

Result

Eighteen diagnostic features are used in the predictive model for early sepsis. The Random Forest model has the best performance among all the models, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 87% and an F1-score (F1) of 77%. Moreover, the interpretation from the SHAP analysis is generally consistent with the current clinical situation.

Conclusion

The study revealed the relationship between these 18 clinical features and diagnostic outcomes. The results indicate that patients with laboratory values of Systolic Blood Pressure, Albumin, and Heart Rate exceeding certain thresholds are at a high likelihood of developing sepsis.

背景脓毒症患者的早期准确诊断对于降低死亡率至关重要。方法该研究纳入了 2022 年 4 月至 7 月期间从安徽医科大学第一附属医院及合作医院收集的 2385 例患者，其中包括 364 例脓毒症患者。利用MIMIC-III数据库（2001年至2012年的6万多名患者）和eICU合作研究数据库（2014年至2015年的13.9万名患者）进行了外部验证。多重算法模型与SHAPLEY Additive exPlanations（SHAP）分析相结合，用于探索准确预测败血症的主要风险因素。在数据处理过程中，使用了用于填补缺失数据的多重输入法和用于平衡数据的合成少数群体过度采样（SMOTE）平衡法。随机森林模型在所有模型中表现最佳，其曲线下面积（AUC）为 87%，F1 分数（F1）为 77%。此外，SHAP 分析的解释与目前的临床情况基本一致。结果表明，收缩压、白蛋白和心率的实验室值超过一定阈值的患者发生败血症的可能性很高。

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引用次数: 0

Socio-demographic factors affecting the first and second dose of measles vaccination status among under-five children: Perspectives from South Asian countries 影响五岁以下儿童麻疹疫苗第一剂和第二剂接种情况的社会人口因素：南亚国家的观点

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102839

Background

The measles vaccine is crucial in preventing fatalities and reducing widespread childhood infections worldwide, yet achieving the desired immunization rates remains a challenge in developing countries. Our study aims to identify the impact of socio-demographic factors on measles vaccination among children in South Asian countries.

Methods

Participants (89513) were taken from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) datasets of South Asian countries between 2015 and 2021. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses were employed to find out the factors associated with measles vaccination among South Asian countries.

Results

Our study found that the first dose of vaccinated children was 51.7 % in Afghanistan which is the lowest among South Asian countries. The key determinants related to two doses of measles vaccination include parental characteristics, media access, and antenatal care (ANC). Mothers who had done baby postnatal checkups (AOR = 1.22, CI = 1.17–1.26) and made more than four ANC (AOR = 1.77, CI: 1.65–1.89) were more likely to fully immunize their child than mothers with no postnatal and antenatal checkups.

Conclusion

The complete dose of measles vaccination rate in South Asia is still low compared to the first dose of measles vaccination among children. The government and stakeholders should organize frequent awareness programs through media and health personnel to inform people about routine vaccinations to eliminate measles.

背景麻疹疫苗对预防死亡和减少全球广泛的儿童感染至关重要，但在发展中国家要达到理想的免疫接种率仍是一项挑战。我们的研究旨在确定社会人口因素对南亚国家儿童接种麻疹疫苗的影响。方法从 2015 年至 2021 年南亚国家最新的人口与健康调查（DHS）数据集中抽取参与者（89513 人）。结果我们的研究发现，阿富汗儿童接种第一剂疫苗的比例为 51.7%，在南亚国家中最低。与接种两剂麻疹疫苗有关的主要决定因素包括父母特征、媒体接触和产前护理 (ANC)。做过婴儿产后检查（AOR = 1.22，CI = 1.17-1.26）和四次以上产前检查（AOR = 1.77，CI：1.65-1.89）的母亲比没有做过产后和产前检查的母亲更有可能为其子女接种完全剂量的麻疹疫苗。政府和利益相关者应通过媒体和医务人员经常组织宣传活动，让人们了解常规疫苗接种，以消除麻疹。

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引用次数: 0

A non-linear association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in China 中国 2 型糖尿病患者的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与糖尿病肾病风险之间的非线性关系

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102840

Objective

To explore the intrinsic relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in China.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 1,313 patients with type 2 diabetes treated at the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, located in Jinhua, China. The data were combined from two periods, 2017 and 2020–2021. Participants were categorized into groups with and without DKD. The relationship between LDL-C levels and DKD was evaluated employing logistics regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves.

Results

Generally, there was no statistical difference in LDL-C levels between DKD and non-DKD groups, however, a significantly non-linear relationship (P_non-linear = 0.011) was observed between LDL-C levels and DKD prevalence after adjusting for confounding factors according to the RCS analysis. Two optimal cut-points of 2.97 and 3.61 mmol/L were selected out using random forest algorithm. With the middle LDL-C concentration (2.97–3.61 mmol/L) as the reference, the odds ratios for low (<2.97 mmol/L) and high (>3.61 mmol/L) concentrations were 1.45 (1.08–1.96) and 1.47 (1.01–2.15) respectively, after adjusting for confounding factors in the multivariate analyses. Notably, this association was more pronounced among female participants in the subgroup analyses.

Conclusion

A non-linear association was observed between LDL-C levels and the risk of DKD in patients with T2D in China. LDL-C levels below 2.97 mmol/L may elevate the risk of DKD, particularly in female patients with T2D.

目的探讨中国2型糖尿病（T2D）患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）与糖尿病肾病（DKD）之间的内在关系。方法本横断面研究纳入了在浙江大学医学院附属金华医院（位于中国金华）接受治疗的1313名2型糖尿病患者。数据来自 2017 年和 2020-2021 年两个时期。参与者被分为有DKD和无DKD两组。结果总体而言，DKD组和非DKD组之间的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平无统计学差异，但根据RCS分析，在调整混杂因素后，LDL-C水平与DKD患病率之间存在显著的非线性关系（Pnon-linear = 0.011）。使用随机森林算法选出了 2.97 和 3.61 mmol/L 两个最佳切点。以中等低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（2.97-3.61 mmol/L）为参考，在多变量分析中调整混杂因素后，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（<2.97 mmol/L）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（>3.61 mmol/L）的几率比分别为 1.45（1.08-1.96）和 1.47（1.01-2.15）。结论在中国的 T2D 患者中，LDL-C 水平与 DKD 风险之间存在非线性关系。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于 2.97 mmol/L 可能会增加罹患 DKD 的风险，尤其是女性 T2D 患者。

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引用次数: 0

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma status among adolescents: Findings from the 2019–2020 California Student Tobacco Survey 青少年的二手烟暴露和哮喘状况：2019-2020年加州学生烟草调查的结果

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102842

Background and objectives

Secondhand tobacco smoke is associated with worsening asthma symptoms among children. However, the relationship between secondhand marijuana smoke and asthma symptoms among youth has not been examined. This study compares the prevalence of secondhand tobacco and marijuana smoke exposure, overall and by asthma status, among middle and high school students.

Methods

The study assessed participants of the 2019–2020 California Student Tobacco Survey: a large, cross-sectional random sample of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders (N = 158,937). Descriptive analyses examined exposure to combustible tobacco and marijuana secondhand smoke by students’ asthma status and sociodemographic characteristics.

Results

More students with asthma were exposed to combustible tobacco secondhand smoke (13.4 %) and marijuana secondhand smoke (12.0 %) than students without asthma (10.9 % and 9.3 %, respectively). The prevalence of secondhand marijuana smoke exposure was higher among 12th grade students (12.2 %) while the prevalence of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure was higher among 8th grade students (13.4 %) and those who lived in rural locations (15.4 %).

Conclusions

California students are exposed to marijuana secondhand smoke at similar proportions to combustible tobacco secondhand smoke and more students with asthma are exposed to marijuana secondhand smoke. These results expand the public health issue of secondhand smoke exposure among children with asthma by highlighting the need to examine marijuana secondhand smoke. Given the rapid shift in marijuana laws across the US, exposure to secondhand marijuana smoke is likely to increase. Therefore, vulnerable populations, such as children with asthma, should be prioritized for interventions that aim to alleviate secondhand marijuana exposure.

背景和目的二手烟草烟雾与儿童哮喘症状的恶化有关。然而，二手大麻烟雾与青少年哮喘症状之间的关系尚未得到研究。本研究比较了初高中学生中二手烟草烟雾和大麻烟雾暴露的流行率，包括总体流行率和哮喘状况。方法本研究对 2019-2020 年加州学生烟草调查的参与者进行了评估：这是一项针对 8 年级、10 年级和 12 年级学生的大型横断面随机抽样（N = 158937）。结果与无哮喘的学生（分别为 10.9% 和 9.3%）相比，有哮喘的学生接触可燃烟草二手烟（13.4%）和大麻二手烟（12.0%）的比例更高。结论加州学生吸入大麻二手烟的比例与吸入可燃烟草二手烟的比例相似，而吸入大麻二手烟的哮喘学生人数更多。这些结果扩大了哮喘儿童二手烟暴露这一公共健康问题的范围，强调了研究大麻二手烟的必要性。鉴于全美大麻法律的快速变化，接触二手大麻烟雾的机会可能会增加。因此，哮喘儿童等弱势群体应优先考虑旨在减少二手大麻烟雾暴露的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of the burden of rabies in one health approach control program in Ketapang District Indonesia: Using zDALY 印度尼西亚加达邦地区一项健康方法控制计划中狂犬病负担的评估：使用 zDALY

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102838

Background

Ketapang District, located in West Kalimantan, is a region where rabies is endemic. The first human death from rabies was reported in 2014 and the problem persists to this day. In response, the government has implemented the one health approach to control rabies since 2017. This study aimed to assess the disease burden of rabies control using zDALY metrics.

Methods

The zoonotic burden for human and animal was measured by developing Zoonotic Disability-Adjusted Life Years (zDALY), which combines DALY and local values of animals and their products, considering animal morbidity and mortality due to the disease (Animal Loss Equivalent/ALE). Data were gathered through interviews with victims or their families, dog owners, and secondary data from the Animal Husbandry Service, and the District Health Office.

Results

Before implementing the one health approach, the zDALY value was 1,561.22 person-years (the zDALY rate: 109.53 years/100,000 people). After the intervention, the zDALY value was 1,808.86 person-years (the zDALY rate: 86.62 years/100,000 people).

Conclusions

This reduction in the zDaly rate indicates that rabies control through the one health approach in Ketapang District was effective in alleviating the disease burden caused by rabies.

背景西加里曼丹的克塔邦区是狂犬病流行的地区。2014 年报告了首例狂犬病导致的人类死亡病例，该问题一直持续至今。为此，政府自 2017 年起实施了 "统一健康方法 "来控制狂犬病。本研究旨在使用zDALY指标评估狂犬病控制的疾病负担。方法通过制定人畜共患病残疾调整生命年（zDALY）来衡量人畜共患病负担，zDALY结合了DALY和动物及其产品的当地价值，考虑了疾病导致的动物发病率和死亡率（动物损失当量/ALE）。数据是通过对受害者或其家人、狗主人的访谈，以及畜牧局和区卫生局提供的二手数据收集的。结果在实施 "一种健康方法 "之前，zDALY 值为 1,561.22 人年（zDALY 率：109.53 年/100,000 人）。干预后，zDALY值为1,808.86人年（zDALY率：86.62年/100,000人）。结论zDALY率的降低表明，凯达邦地区通过单一保健方法控制狂犬病有效地减轻了狂犬病造成的疾病负担。

{"title":"Assessment of the burden of rabies in one health approach control program in Ketapang District Indonesia: Using zDALY","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ketapang District, located in West Kalimantan, is a region where rabies is endemic. The first human death from rabies was reported in 2014 and the problem persists to this day. In response, the government has implemented the one health approach to control rabies since 2017. This study aimed to assess the disease burden of rabies control using zDALY metrics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The zoonotic burden for human and animal was measured by developing Zoonotic Disability-Adjusted Life Years (zDALY), which combines DALY and local values of animals and their products, considering animal morbidity and mortality due to the disease (Animal Loss Equivalent/ALE). Data were gathered through interviews with victims or their families, dog owners, and secondary data from the Animal Husbandry Service, and the District Health Office.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Before implementing the one health approach, the zDALY value was 1,561.22 person-years (the zDALY rate: 109.53 years/100,000 people). After the intervention, the zDALY value was 1,808.86 person-years (the zDALY rate: 86.62 years/100,000 people).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This reduction in the zDaly rate indicates that rabies control through the one health approach in Ketapang District was effective in alleviating the disease burden caused by rabies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335524002535/pdfft?md5=8533428bc788d6d613a6b65a7916495f&pid=1-s2.0-S2211335524002535-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141843500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward sarcopenia among older adults in two cities in Zhejiang province, China 浙江省两个城市老年人对肌肉疏松症的认知、态度和实践

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102833

Objective

To explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) towards sarcopenia among older adults in Zhejiang province, China.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2023 and January 2024 among older community residents who participated in a physical examination in Shaoxing People’s Hospital Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing Yuecheng District Fushan Street Community Health Service Center, Shaoxing Yuecheng District Beihai Street Community Health Service Center, Shaoxing City, and Outpatient Department of Yongkang First People’s Hospital. Their demographic characteristics and KAP towards sarcopenia were collected by a self-designed questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the relationship among KAP dimensions.

Results

A total of 1092 valid questionnaires were included. The median knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 0 (0, 0) (possible range: 0–22), 31 (30, 31) (possible range: 8–40), and 17 (15, 21) (possible range: 6–30), respectively. The SEM showed that knowledge directly positively influenced attitude (β = 0.121, P < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.171, P < 0.001). Attitude directly positively influenced practice (β = 0.116, P < 0.001); therefore, the knowledge showed an indirect influence on practice via attitude.

Conclusion

Older adults in two cities in Zhejiang province, China, showed insufficient knowledge but moderate attitude and practice towards sarcopenia. It is imperative to design interventions to improve knowledge about sarcopenia and improve self-management and patient outcomes.

目的探讨浙江省老年人对肌肉疏松症的认知、态度和实践（KAP）。方法本横断面研究于 2023 年 4 月至 2024 年 1 月期间在绍兴市人民医院体检中心、绍兴市越城区府山街道社区卫生服务中心、绍兴市越城区北海街道社区卫生服务中心和永康市第一人民医院门诊部对参加体检的社区老年居民进行了调查。通过自行设计的问卷收集了他们的人口统计学特征和对肌肉疏松症的 KAP。采用结构方程模型（SEM）来探讨 KAP 各维度之间的关系。知识、态度和实践得分的中位数分别为 0（0，0）（可能范围：0-22）、31（30，31）（可能范围：8-40）和 17（15，21）（可能范围：6-30）。SEM 显示，知识直接正向影响态度（β = 0.121，P < 0.001）和实践（β = 0.171，P < 0.001）。结论中国浙江省两个城市的老年人对肌肉疏松症的认知不足，但态度和实践都适中。当务之急是设计干预措施，以提高对肌肉疏松症的认识，并改善自我管理和患者预后。

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引用次数: 0