MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)最新文献

Long non-coding RNA [LncRNA] dysregulation has been seen in many human cancers, including several kinds of leukemia, which is still a fatal disease with a poor prognosis. LncRNAs have been demonstrated to function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in leukemia. This study covers current research findings on the role of lncRNAs in the prognosis and diagnosis of leukemia. Based on recent results, several lncRNAs are emerging as biomarkers for the prognosis, diagnosis, and even treatment outcome prediction of leukemia and have been shown to play critical roles in controlling leukemia cell activities, such as proliferation, cell death, metastasis, and drug resistance. As a result, lncRNA profiles may have superior predictive and diagnostic potential in leukemia. Accordingly, this review concentrates on the significance of lncRNAs in leukemia progression based on their chromosomal position.

Introduction: Numerous genetic and biological processes have been linked to the function of microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA (mRNA). It is commonly acknowledged that miRNAs play a role in the development of disease and the embryology of mammals.

Method: To further understand its function in the oncogenic process, the expression of the miRNA profile in cancer has been investigated. Despite being referred to as a noteworthy miRNA in cancer, it is unknown whether hsa-miR-1225-5p plays a part in the in vitro progression of the luminal A and luminal B subtypes of breast cancer. We proposed that a synthetic hsa-miR-1225-5p molecule be expressed in breast cancer cell lines and its activity be evaluated with the aim of studying its function in the development of luminal breast cancer. In terms of the typical cancer progression stages, such as proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion, we investigated the role of hsa-miR-1225-5p in luminal A and B breast cancer cell lines.

Results: Additionally, using bioinformatics databases, we thoroughly explored the target score-based prediction of miRNA-mRNA interaction. Our study showed that the expression of miR-1225-5p significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of luminal A and B breast cancer cell lines.

Conclusion: The results were supported by a bioinformatic analysis and a detailed gene network that boosts the activation of signaling pathways required for cancer progression.

Background: Hydrolethalus Syndrome 1 (HYDS1) is a rare disorder that occurs commonly in Finnish infants but originates from the mother. This autosomal recessive syndrome is associated with the FBF1, which is usually expressed in the centriole. The FBF1 is an inheritable arthritis disease phenotype that includes rheumatoid arthritis. Several studies have investigated males with FBF1 mutation carriers also related to arthritis diseases, including those under rheumatoid arthritis conditions, which revealed the possibility of conferring the gene mutation to the next generation of offspring. Nonetheless, there are some complications of FBF1 mutation with target miRNAs that can be affected by exercise.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the different exercises that can be utilized to suppress the FBF1 mutation targeted by Novel-rno-miRNAs-1135 as a biomarker and assess the effectiveness of exercise in mitigating the FBF1 mutation.

Methods: Four exercise interventional groups were divided into exercise and non-exercise groups. One hundred microliter pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) was injected at the dorsal region of the tails of rodents and introduced to the two PIA interventional groups. On day fortyfive, all animals were euthanized, and total RNA was extracted from the blood samples of rodents, while polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was amplified by using 5-7 primers. Computerization was used for miRNA regulation and analysis of target gene candidates.

Results: The novel-rno-miRNA-1135 was downregulated to FBF1 in exercise groups. The exercise was found to have no significant impact in terms of change in novel-rno-miRNA-1135 regulation of FBF1 expression.

Conclusion: Exercise has no impact on novel-rno-miRNA-1135 targeted for FBF1 in autosomal recessive disease.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Noncoding RNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) biomarkers can play a role in cancer carcinogenesis and progression. Specific KRAS and EGFR mutation are associated with CRC development playing a role in controlling the cellular process as epigenetic events. Circulating serum miRs can serve for early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of CRC as biomarkers but it is still unclear, clinically.

Objective: To determine potential biomarkers of circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 in CRC patients Methods: Bioinformatic prediction of microRNA was screened followed by TargetScanHuman7.2, miRTar2GO, miRDB, MiRanda, and DIANA-microT-CDS. Forty-four CRC serum (19 locally advanced, 23 distant advanced CRC) and 12 normal serum samples were subsequently extracted for RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and miR validation. The candidate circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 were validated resulting in a relative expression via quantitative RT-PCR. Relative expression was normalized to the spike-internal control and compared to normal samples as 1 using the -2ΔΔCt method in principle.

Results: Our results represented 9 miRs of miR-206, miR-155-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-193a-3p, miR-30a- 5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-543, miR-877-5p relate to KRAS-specific miRs, whereas, 9 miRs of miR-133b, miR-302a-3p, miR-302b-3p, miR-302d-3p, miR-302e, miR-520a-3p, miR-520b, miR-520c- 3p and miR-7-5p relevance to EGFR-specific miRs by using the bioinformatic prediction tools. Our results showed a decreased expression level of circulating serum miR-133b as well as miR-206 associating with CRC patients (local and advanced metastasis) when compared to normal (P < 0.05), significantly.

Conclusion: The circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 can serve as significant biomarkers for monitoring the clinical outcome of progression with metastatic CRC patients. Increased drug-responsive CRC patients associated with crucial molecular intervention should be further explored, clinically.

Due to its non-invasive nature and easy accessibility, urine serves as a convenient biological fluid for research purposes. Furthermore, urine samples are uncomplicated to preserve and relatively inexpensive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, play vital roles in numerous cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell differentiation, development, and proliferation. Their dysregulated expression in urine has been proposed as a potential biomarker for various human diseases, including bladder cancer. To draw reliable conclusions about the roles of urinary miRNAs in human diseases, it is essential to have dependable and reproducible methods for miRNA extraction and profiling. In this review, we address the technical challenges associated with studying urinary miRNAs and provide an update on the current technologies used for urinary miRNA isolation, quality control assessment, and miRNA profiling, highlighting both their advantages and limitations.

Background: The COG complex is implicated in the tethering of retrograde intra-Golgi vesicles, which involves vesicular tethering and SNAREs. SNARE complexes mediate the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells through MMPs which activate growth factors for ECM fragments by binding to integrin receptors. Increasing MMPs is in line with YKL40 since YKL40 is linked to promoting angiogenesis through VEGF and can increase ovarian cancer (OC) resistance to chemotropic and cell migration.

Objective: The aim of this study is an assessment of siRNA-COG3 on proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of OC cells. In addition, siRNA-COG3 may prevent the growth of OC cancer in mice with tumors.

Methods: Primary OC cell lines will be treated with siRNA-COG3 to assay YKL40 and identified angiogenesis by Tube-like structure formation in HOMECs. The Golgi morphology was analyzed using Immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the effects of siRNA-COG3 on the proliferation and apoptosis of cells were evaluated using MTT and TUNEL assays. Clones of the HOSEpiC OC cell line were subcutaneously implanted in FVB/N mice. Mice were treated after two weeks of injection of cells using siRNA-COG3. Tumor development suppression was detected by D-luciferin. RT-PCR and western blotting analyses were applied to determine COG3, MT1- MMP, SNAP23, and YKL40 expression to investigate the effects of COG3 gene knockdown.

Results: siRNA-COG3 exhibited a substantial effect in suppressing tumor growth in mice. It dramatically reduced OC cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis (all p < 0.01). Inhibition of COG3, YKL-40, and MT1-MPP led to suppression of angiogenesis and reduction of microvessel density through SNAP23 in OC cells.

Conclusion: Overall, by knockdown of the COG3 gene, MT1-MMP and YKL40 were dropped, leading to suppressed angiogenesis along with decreasing migration and proliferation. SiRNACOG3 may be an ideal agent to consider for clinical trial assessment therapy for OC, especially when an antiangiogenic SNAR-pathway targeting drug.

Cancer, the second greatest cause of mortality worldwide, frequently causes bone metastases in patients with advanced-stage carcinomas such as prostate, breast, and lung cancer. The existence of these metastases contributes to the occurrence of skeletal-related events (SREs), which are defined by excessive pain, pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and spinal cord compression. These injurious incidents leave uncomfortably in each of the cancer patient's life quality. Primary bone cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS), chondrosarcoma (CS), and Ewing's sarcoma (ES), have unclear origins. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression patterns have been changed in primary bone cancers such as OS, CS, and ES, indicating a role in tumor development, invasion, metastasis, and treatment response. These miRNAs are persistent in circulation and exhibit distinct patterns in many forms of bone tumors, making them potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment of such diseases. Given their crucial regulatory functions in various biological processes and conditions, including cancer, this study aims to look at miRNAs' activities and possible contributions to bone malignancies, focusing on OS, CS, and ES. In conclusion, miRNAs are valuable tools for diagnosing, monitoring, and predicting OS, CS, and ES outcomes. Further research is required to fully comprehend the intricate involvement of miRNAs in these bone cancers and to develop effective miRNA-based treatments.

Background: Molecular markers in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) are needed for more accurate classification and personalized treatment. In this way, we investigated the effects of the BRAF gene on clinical outcomes of its expression fluctuations and its polymorphism at rs1267623 in CRC.

Methods: In this study, 36.36 percent of patients with CRC were women, and 63.63 percent were men. After the pathology department confirmed the tumor of the samples, the stage and grade of the tumor were determined according to the TNM system. Real-time PCR was used to check the expression of the BRAF gene in tumor and non-tumor tissues, and its polymorphism in rs1267623 was also checked using the Tetra-ARMs PCR technique.

Results: The expression of BRAF in tumor tissues was significantly higher than in non-tumoral tissues (P = 0.001), indicating an upregulation of BRAF gene expression in tumoral tissues. The user's text is empty. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between BRAF expression and tumor stage (P = 0.001), as well as tumor grade (P = 0.003). However, no significant link was found between lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of BRAF gene expression (P = 0.3). Additionally, no mutation was detected in the investigation of rs1267623 polymorphism.

Conclusion: The BRAF gene was upregulated in tumoral tissues. Remarkably, no mutation was found in the rs1267623 polymorphism. As a result, this gene can be used as a biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women. Early diagnosis offers the best hope for a cure. Ductal carcinoma in situ is considered a precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. In this study, we carried out microRNA sequencing from 7 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), 6 infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDC Stage IIA) with paired normal, and 5 unpaired normal breast tissue samples.

Methods: We have deployed miRge for microRNA analysis, DESeq for differential expression analysis, and Cytoscape for competing endogenous RNA network investigation.

Results: Here, we identified 76 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in DCIS and IDC. Additionally, we provide preliminary evidence of miR-365b-3p and miR-7-1-3p being overexpressed, and miR-6507-5p, miR-487b-3p, and miR-654-3p being downregulated in DCIS relative to normal breast tissue. We also identified a miRNA miR-766-3p that was overexpressed in earlystage IDCs. The overexpression of miR-301a-3p in DCIS and IDC was confirmed in 32 independent breast cancer tissue samples.

Conclusion: Higher expression of miR-301a-3p is associated with poor overall survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Cancer (TCGA-BRCA) dataset, indicating that it may be associated with DCIS at high risk of progressing to IDC and warrants deeper investigation.

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate among cancers in both women and men. Currently, lung cáncer diagnosis is made with clinical examination, low-dose CT scan and molecular-based methods and its treatment options include chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy or immunotherapy. However, the life expectancy of lung cancer is not very high, and still it is usually diagnosed very lately, which leads to poorer prognosis. MicroRNAs [miRNAs] are small noncoding RNAs that regulate many diverse activities in the cell that can affect tumorigenesis by regulating many cell functions related to cancer, such as cell cycle, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Also, it can have a potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value for lung cancer. MiR320a is a promising microRNA that may help us in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer, but some aspects of its clinical application are still vague, especially its effect on heavy smokers, delivery mechanism, toxicity and lack of reliable critical value. In this paper, we examined its comprehensive molecular interactions that lead to its tumor suppressor effect, and we reviewed its clinical application until now.