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Lymphotropic polyomavirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus in patients infected with HIV or hepatitis B or C virus 感染艾滋病毒或乙型或丙型肝炎病毒的患者体内的淋巴细胞多瘤病毒和梅克尔细胞多瘤病毒
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101471
Bahman Abedi Kiasari , Amir Hossein Alipour , Negar Hemmati , Mohammad Gholamnezhad , Fatemeh Hoda Fallah

Background

LPV and MCV emerge as recent additions to the Polyomaviridae family, capable of inducing important infections. Studies have suggested the presence of LPV in human populations, with potential involvement in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Additionally, MCV, closely related to LPV, has been implicated in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). This study aimed to explore the prevalence of LPV and MCV in individuals with compromised immunity due to chronic viral infections.

Methods

340 specimens, including HIV PCR-positive, HBV PCR-positive, HCV PCR-positive, and HIV/HBV/HCV negative sera, underwent screening via PCR technique to identify LPV and MCV genomes. Subsequently, sequencing was employed to validate the viral identity.

Results

Out of all specimens, MCV DNA was detected in 8.52 % of participants, with a significantly higher prevalence in HIV-positive individuals (26.4 %). LPV was detected in only one HIV-positive patient. No co-detection of MCV and LPV was observed. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the genetic similarity of the detected MCV strains to known references, while the LPV sequence showed 99 % identity to the published sequences of LPV-K38.

Conclusion

This research provides insights into the prevalence of LPV and MCV in individuals with chronic viral infections. The study highlights the potential association between MCV and immunocompromised states, emphasizing the need for comprehensive investigations to understand the epidemiology, transmission routes, and clinical implications of these polyomaviruses in human populations.

背景LPV和MCV是多瘤病毒科的新成员,能够诱发重要的感染。研究表明,LPV 存在于人类人群中,可能与中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病有关。此外,与 LPV 关系密切的 MCV 也与梅克尔细胞癌(MCC)有关。本研究旨在探讨 LPV 和 MCV 在因慢性病毒感染而导致免疫力下降的人群中的流行情况。方法通过 PCR 技术对包括 HIV PCR 阳性、HBV PCR 阳性、HCV PCR 阳性和 HIV/HBV/HCV 阴性血清在内的 340 份标本进行筛选,以确定 LPV 和 MCV 基因组。结果在所有标本中,8.52%的参与者检测到 MCV DNA,HIV 阳性者的发病率明显更高(26.4%)。只有一名 HIV 阳性患者检测到 LPV。没有发现 MCV 和 LPV 同时检测到。系统发育分析证实,检测到的 MCV 株系与已知参考物具有遗传相似性,而 LPV 序列与已公布的 LPV-K38 序列具有 99% 的同一性。该研究强调了 MCV 与免疫功能低下状态之间的潜在联系,强调有必要进行全面调查,以了解这些多瘤病毒在人群中的流行病学、传播途径和临床影响。
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引用次数: 0
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in maternal malarial infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis 孕产妇疟疾感染的不良妊娠结局:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101474
Prakasini Satapathy , Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib , Shilpa Gaidhane , Quazi Syed Zahiruddin , Rakesh Kumar Sharma , Sarvesh Rustagi , Jumana M. Al-Jishi , Hawra Albayat , Mona A. Al Fares , Mohammed Garout , Hayam A. Alrasheed , Maha F. Al-Subaie , Ali A. Rabaan , Ranjit Sah

Background

Malaria in pregnancy is a critical public health issue that can lead to severe adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes in malaria-infected pregnancies and examines their association with the condition.

Method

We searched databases up to January 30, 2024, for observational studies on pregnant women with malaria. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and risk ratios (RRs) for adverse outcomes, with statistical support from R software version 4.3.

Results

Thirty-one studies were included, showing high prevalence of low birth weight (LBW; 17.4 %), preterm birth (17.9 %), and small for gestational age (SGA; 16.1 %) in malaria-affected pregnancies. Infected mothers were significantly more likely to have LBW infants (RR = 1.755), preterm births (RR = 1.484), and SGA infants (RR = 1.554). The risk of stillbirth was not significantly increased (RR = 1.238).

Conclusion

Malaria in pregnancy significantly elevates the risk of LBW, preterm birth, and SGA, underscoring the need for effective malaria prevention and treatment strategies in endemic regions. Future research should aim to refine and implement these strategies to enhance maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

背景妊娠期疟疾是一个严重的公共卫生问题,可导致母亲和胎儿出现严重的不良后果。本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了疟疾感染孕妇不良分娩结局的发生率,并研究了这些不良分娩结局与疟疾的关系。方法我们检索了截至 2024 年 1 月 30 日的数据库,以了解有关疟疾孕妇的观察性研究。在 R 软件 4.3 版的统计支持下,我们使用随机效应模型对数据进行了分析,以计算不良结局的汇总患病率和风险比 (RRs)。结果共纳入 31 项研究,结果显示受疟疾影响的孕妇中低出生体重儿 (LBW; 17.4%)、早产儿 (17.9%) 和小于胎龄儿 (SGA; 16.1%) 的患病率较高。受感染的母亲更有可能生出低体重儿(RR = 1.755)、早产儿(RR = 1.484)和 SGA 婴儿(RR = 1.554)。结论 妊娠期疟疾会显著增加婴儿畸形、早产和 SGA 的风险,这表明疟疾流行地区需要有效的疟疾预防和治疗策略。未来的研究应致力于完善和实施这些策略,以提高孕产妇和新生儿的健康水平。
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引用次数: 0
The importance of impregnated mosquito nets and the case of Papua New Guinea 浸药蚊帐的重要性和巴布亚新几内亚的案例
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101475
Olalekan John Okesanya, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III, Jerico Bautista Ogaya, Emery Manirambona, Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka, Safayet Jamil
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引用次数: 0
Automated data collection tool for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B: Leveraging OCR and NLP technologies for improved efficiency 用于真实世界慢性乙型肝炎队列研究的自动数据收集工具:利用 OCR 和 NLP 技术提高效率
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101469
Xiaomei Zhou , Tao Zeng , Yibo Zhang , Yingying Liao , Jaime Smith , Lin Zhang , Chao Wang , Qinghai Li , Dongbo Wu , Yutian Chong , Xinhua Li

Background

Collecting and standardizing clinical research data is a very tedious task. This study is to develop an intelligent data collection tool, named CHB-EDC, for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), which can assist in standardized and efficient data collection.

Methods

CHB_EDC is capable of automatically processing various formats of data, including raw data in image format, using internationally recognized data standards, OCR, and NLP models. It can automatically populate the data into eCRFs designed in the REDCap system, supporting the integration of patient data from electronic medical record systems through commonly used web application interfaces. This tool enables intelligent extraction and aggregation of data, as well as secure and anonymous data sharing.

Results

For non-electronic data collection, the average accuracy of manual collection was 98.65 %, with an average time of 63.64 min to collect information for one patient. The average accuracy CHB-EDC was 98.66 %, with an average time of 3.57 min to collect information for one patient. In the same data collection task, CHB-EDC achieved a comparable average accuracy to manual collection. However, in terms of time, CHB-EDC significantly outperformed manual collection (p < 0.05). Our research has significantly reduced the required collection time and lowered the cost of data collection while ensuring accuracy.

Conclusion

The tool has significantly improved the efficiency of data collection while ensuring accuracy, enabling standardized collection of real-world data.

背景收集和标准化临床研究数据是一项非常繁琐的工作。本研究旨在为慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的真实世界队列研究开发一种名为 CHB-EDC 的智能数据收集工具,该工具可帮助实现标准化和高效的数据收集。CHB_EDC 能够使用国际公认的数据标准、OCR 和 NLP 模型自动处理各种格式的数据,包括图像格式的原始数据。它能将数据自动填充到 REDCap 系统设计的 eCRF 中,支持通过常用的网络应用程序接口整合电子病历系统中的患者数据。结果对于非电子数据收集,人工收集的平均准确率为 98.65%,收集一名患者信息的平均时间为 63.64 分钟。CHB-EDC的平均准确率为98.66%,为一名患者收集信息的平均时间为3.57分钟。在相同的数据收集任务中,CHB-EDC 的平均准确率与人工收集相当。然而,在时间方面,CHB-EDC 明显优于人工收集(p < 0.05)。我们的研究在确保准确性的同时,大大缩短了所需的收集时间,降低了数据收集成本。结论该工具在确保准确性的同时,大大提高了数据收集的效率,实现了真实世界数据的标准化收集。
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引用次数: 0
Identification and characterisation of carbapenem-resistant Streptococcus nidrosiense sp. nov. isolated from blood culture 从血液培养物中分离的耐碳青霉烯类链球菌的鉴定和特征描述
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101473
Torunn Gresdal Rønning , Camilla Olaisen , Christina Gabrielsen Ås , Jan Egil Afset , Maria Schei Haugan

Background

This study aimed to investigate a highly resistant strain of Streptococcus sp. isolated from a patient with bloodstream infection and determine its taxonomic classification.

Methods

The strain was isolated from blood culture from a 65-year-old male patient admitted to St. Olavs University hospital, Trondheim, Norway, in 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing as well as phenotypic and biochemical characterization were performed. Whole genome sequencing was conducted and genomic comparison to Streptococcus type strains was carried out.

Results

The strain was initially identified as Streptococcus mitis/oralis but showed significant genetic differences, suggesting that it belonged to an undescribed species within the Streptococcus genus. Phenotypic and biochemical characterization identified the strain as a non-motile, facultative anaerobic bacterium with α-hemolysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed resistance to all beta-lactams tested. Genomic analyses confirmed the classification of the strain as a novel species, which was designated Streptococcus nidrosiense.

Conclusion

This study combines conventional phenotypic tests with whole genome sequencing for accurate taxonomic classification of a bacterial strain isolated from blood culture. The identification of a novel species within the Streptococcus genus contributes to the understanding of microbial diversity and antibiotic resistance of the Streptococcus genus in clinical settings.

背景本研究旨在调查从一名血流感染患者体内分离出的一株高耐药性链球菌,并确定其分类学分类。方法该菌株是从 2023 年挪威特隆赫姆圣奥拉夫斯大学医院收治的一名 65 岁男性患者的血液培养中分离出来的。对该菌株进行了抗菌药敏感性测试以及表型和生化鉴定。结果该菌株最初被鉴定为肝炎/口腔链球菌,但显示出显著的遗传差异,表明它属于链球菌属中一个未被描述的物种。表型和生化鉴定结果表明,该菌株是一种非运动性、兼性厌氧细菌,具有α溶血功能。抗菌药敏感性测试显示,该菌株对所有测试过的β-内酰胺类药物均有抗药性。基因组分析证实了该菌株属于新菌种,并将其命名为尼德罗斯链球菌(Streptococcus nidrosiense)。鉴定出链球菌属中的一个新物种有助于了解临床环境中链球菌属微生物的多样性和抗生素耐药性。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of SEN virus prevalence in hemophilia patients 血友病患者 SEN 病毒流行情况调查
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101470
Davod Javanmard , Motahareh Mahi-Birjand , Effat Alemzadeh , Mahdie Mohammadi , Masood Ziaee

Background

Hemophilia and transfusion-dependent patients are at high risk of a wide range of blood-borne agents. Among these, SEN virus (SENV) stands out as a significant concern due to its association with transfusion-induced non-A to non-E hepatitis. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the prevalence of this virus in hemophilia patients, focusing on potential complications and risk factors.

Method

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a hemophilia center in the east of Iran. Blood samples were taken from patients and healthy people, and demographic and clinical information was collected. The sera samples were then subjected to DNA extraction. PCR-based methods detected SENV and its genotype, and then phylogenetic analysis was performed. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted by SPSS22 software.

Results

The mean age of patients and the healthy group was 26.18 ± 14.97 and 41.69 ± 14.05, respectively. Among the patient and healthy groups, 94.5 % and 36.4 % were male, and the rest were female, respectively. Most of the participants in the patient group had hemophilia type A (85.5 %), then type B (7.3 %), VWD type (3.6 %), and F and plt type (1.8 %) were in the next categories. SENV-DNA was detected in 58.2 % of patients and 20 % of healthy groups (P-value: 0.00). Among these, H and D genotypes were found in 35 % and 23.7 % of patients and 12.7 % and 7.3 % of healthy groups, respectively. The prevalence of the virus was significantly related to minor elevation of AST and was higher in hemophilia type A (63.8 %) and severe type of disease (63.2 %).

Conclusion

This study underscore the significant prevalence of the SENV virus in hemophilia patients, a particularly noteworthy finding compared to the healthy population. With the limited information available about this virus, our findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring and follow-up of high-risk groups in relation to blood-borne pathogens, providing reassurance about the ongoing efforts in the field.

背景血友病和输血依赖型患者面临多种血液传播病原体的高风险。其中,SEN 病毒(SENV)因其与输血引起的非 A 型至非 E 型肝炎有关而备受关注。因此,本研究旨在调查该病毒在血友病患者中的流行情况,重点关注潜在的并发症和风险因素。研究人员采集了患者和健康人的血样,并收集了人口统计学和临床信息。然后对血清样本进行 DNA 提取。基于 PCR 的方法检测 SENV 及其基因型,然后进行系统发育分析。结果 患者和健康组的平均年龄分别为(26.18±14.97)岁和(41.69±14.05)岁。在患者组和健康组中,男性和女性分别占 94.5% 和 36.4%。患者组中大多数人患有 A 型血友病(85.5%),其次是 B 型(7.3%)、VWD 型(3.6%)、F 型和 plt 型(1.8%)。在 58.2% 的患者和 20% 的健康人群中检测到 SENV-DNA(P 值:0.00)。其中,H 和 D 基因型分别在 35% 和 23.7% 的患者以及 12.7% 和 7.3% 的健康人群中发现。该病毒的流行与谷草转氨酶的轻微升高密切相关,在 A 型血友病(63.8%)和重症血友病(63.2%)中的流行率更高。由于有关该病毒的信息有限,我们的研究结果凸显了对血液传播病原体高危人群进行持续监测和随访的重要性,为该领域的持续努力提供了保证。
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引用次数: 0
Staphylococcus nepalensis infecting a companion animal: Genomic insights from an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen 感染伴侣动物的肾葡萄球菌:从一种新出现的耐多药病原体的基因组学角度看问题
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101472
Luciana Sartori, Andrey G. Sacramento, Fábio P. Sellera, João Pedro Rueda Furlan, Fernanda B. Barbosa, Fernanda Esposito, Nilton Lincopan, Terezinha Knöbl
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引用次数: 0
SARS-CoV-2 infection of domestic animals and their role in evolution and emergence of variants of concern 家畜感染 SARS-CoV-2 及其在演变和出现令人担忧的变种方面的作用
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101468
Olajumoke Olufunmilayo Joseph , Samuel Olatunde Dahunsi , Anthony Okoh

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is responsible for COVID-19 pandemic, is a zoonotic RNA virus that has been reported in animals, including domestic animals. Due to the growing concern of health threat that could arise from active transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between pet owners and their pets, there is need to monitoring the emergence of a highly pathogenic strain of SARS-CoV-2 that is capable of transboundary infection, or a serious outbreak among human populations.

Methods

We carried out a search in English, on PubMed and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) SARS-CoV-2 resources for relevant journals and nucleotide sequence data, that were published between 2019 and 2023. The CoVsurver mutations application on GISAID webpage was used to analyse mutation, nucleotide sequence alignment was carried out using MAFFT (Multiple Alignment using Fast Fourier Transform) version 7 and maximum likelihood tree was constructed by bootstrapping with 1000 replicates on MEGA 11 software.

Results

A total of 47 mutations at the Spike gene region were identified, and mutation D614 was the most observed mutation. Nucleotide sequences of isolates from domestic animals had high sequence identity with Wuhan-Hu-1 reference sequence and the representative sequences of previously circulating VOCs from humans.

Conclusion

This reveals that there is spill over of previously circulating variants of concern (VOC) to household pets from their infected owners. Hence, there is an urgent need for more intense surveillance to be carried out globally to monitor evolution of SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses as a result of human – pet association.

背景造成 COVID-19 大流行的严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)是一种人畜共患的 RNA 病毒,在动物(包括家畜)中也有报道。由于人们越来越担心 SARS-CoV-2 在宠物主人及其宠物之间的主动传播可能会对健康造成威胁,因此有必要监测 SARS-CoV-2 高致病性毒株的出现,这种毒株可能会造成跨境感染,也可能会在人类中爆发严重疫情。使用GISAID网页上的CoVsurver突变应用软件分析突变,使用MAFFT(Multiple Alignment using Fast Fourier Transform)版本7进行核苷酸序列比对,并在MEGA 11软件上通过1000次重复的引导构建最大似然树。家养动物分离物的核苷酸序列与武汉-Hu-1 参考序列和以前在人类中流行的 VOCs 的代表序列具有很高的序列同一性。因此,急需在全球范围内开展更密集的监测,以监控 SARS-CoV-2 冠状病毒因人类与宠物之间的关联而发生的演变。
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引用次数: 0
Global Mpox outbreak: Are we prepared for emerging strains? 全球爆发麻风腮疫情:我们对新出现的菌株做好准备了吗?
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101466
Ranjit Sah , Shriyansh Srivastava , Rachana Mehta, Sachin Kumar, Sanjit Sah, Aroop Mohanty, Jack Feehan, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq , Vasso Apostolopoulos
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引用次数: 0
Oropouche fever rears its head in Cuba: What lies beneath the surface? 奥罗普切热在古巴抬头:表面之下隐藏着什么?
IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101460
Angel A. Escobedo, Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales
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引用次数: 0
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New Microbes and New Infections
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