New Microbes and New Infections最新文献

英文中文

Tunnel sign on magnetic resonance imaging in neuromelioidosis: A systematic literature review 神经类瘤病磁共振成像隧道征：系统文献综述

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101639

Nitin Gupta , Sonali Singh , Tirlangi Praveen Kumar , Sundeep Malla , Astha Sethi , Carl Boodman , Steven Van Den Broucke , Erika Vlieghe , Emmanuel Bottieau , Martin Peter Grobusch , Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay

Background

Neuromelioidosis can present with abscesses, meningitis, or encephalomyelitis, but can be missed on blood culture. Linear enhancement of the corticospinal tract (white matter motor pathway) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the form of a ‘tunnel sign’ is an essential clue for early diagnosis of neuromelioidosis. This systematic review (SR) explores the clinical profile and outcomes of neuromelioidosis patients with tunnel signs.

Methods

An SR was conducted to look for articles reporting individual details of neuromelioidosis patients with tunnel signs (reported or present on published images) on MRI. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024597199). After title-abstract and full-text screening, clinical profile and outcome data were extracted and analysed.

Results

Thirty cases (22 articles) with tunnel signs on MRI were included after screening 2985 articles. The traditional risk factors (diabetes mellitus, alcohol intake, steroids, etc.) for melioidosis were present in only 23 % (5/22) of patients. Limb weakness (89 %, 24/27) and cranial nerve involvement (46 %, 11/24) were commonly seen at presentation. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures for B.pseudomallei were only positive in 15 % (2/13) and 22 % (4/18). Due to low rates of clinical suspicion of neuromelioidosis (25 %, 6/24), empirical steroids and inappropriate antimicrobials were given in 47 % (8/17) and 65 % (9/17) of patients, respectively. A total of 30 % (n = 9) of the patients died.

Conclusion

In melioidosis-endemic areas with access to MRI, recognising the link between the presence of a tunnel sign and neuromelioidosis is crucial to initiate early adequate therapy.

背景：类神经瘤病可表现为脓肿、脑膜炎或脑脊髓炎，但可在血培养中被遗漏。磁共振成像（MRI）上皮质脊髓束（白质运动通路）以“隧道征”的形式线性增强是早期诊断类神经瘤病的重要线索。本系统综述（SR）探讨了具有隧道征象的神经类鼻疽患者的临床特征和预后。方法对MRI上报道有隧道征象（已报道或已发表图像）的类神经瘤病患者的个体细节进行回顾性分析。本综述遵循PRISMA指南，并在PROSPERO进行前瞻性注册（CRD42024597199）。在标题摘要和全文筛选后，提取临床资料和结果数据并进行分析。结果经2985篇文献筛选，共纳入MRI隧道征30例（22篇）。类鼻疽的传统危险因素（糖尿病、饮酒、类固醇等）仅在23%（5/22）的患者中存在。肢体无力（89%,24/27）和脑神经受累（46%,11/24）常见于首发。血液和脑脊液（CSF）培养阳性的分别为15%（2/13）和22%（4/18）。由于临床对类神经瘤病的怀疑率较低（25%,6/24），47%（8/17）和65%（9/17）的患者分别给予经验性类固醇和不适当的抗菌药物治疗。共有30% （n = 9）的患者死亡。结论：在类鼻疽病流行区，通过MRI检查，认识到隧道征象与类鼻疽病之间的联系对于及早开始适当的治疗至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variant P.1 (Gamma) in Ecuador: A retrospective report of the first confirmed case 厄瓜多尔出现SARS-CoV-2变体P.1 (Gamma)：对首例确诊病例的回顾性报告

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101638

Katty Ojeda-Gutiérrez , Fernando Serrano-Tamay , David Zúñiga , Sully Márquez , Belén Prado-Vivar , Mónica Becerra , Juan José Guadalupe , Patricio Rojas-Silva , Verónica Barragán , Paúl Cárdenas , Paola Dalgo Aguilar

引用次数: 0

Yellow fever in children and adolescents amid the South American outbreak, 2024/2025 南美洲暴发期间儿童和青少年中的黄热病，2024/2025年

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101635

Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales , Daniela Torres-Hernández , Maria Eugenia Guevara , Alicia Chang-Cojulun , Jose Brea-Del Castillo , Romina Rios-Blanco , Manuela Isbeth Mérida-Barrios , Melissa Palmieri , Maria L. Avila-Agüero

引用次数: 0

The impact of armed conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo on the risk of malaria outbreaks in children under five years old 刚果民主共和国东部武装冲突对五岁以下儿童爆发疟疾风险的影响

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101636

Hermann Yokolo, Christian Tague, Joshua Ekouo, Dujardin Makeda, Aymar Akilimali

引用次数: 0

Enhanced immunogenicity of COVID-19 RBD fused to mutant scorpion's phospholipase D for vaccine development COVID-19 RBD与突变蝎子磷脂酶D融合用于疫苗开发的增强免疫原性

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101634

Mohammad-Reza Zareinejad , Mahdi Behdani , Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi , Akbar Oghalaie , Mohammad Hosseininejad-Chafi , Kamran Pooshang-Bagheri , Delavar Shahbazzadeh

The management of the global COVID-19 pandemic relies, in part, on the rapid development of preventive vaccines at an unparalleled speed. The infection caused by the coronavirus is facilitated by the spike glycoprotein trimmer located on the surface of the virion, specifically through its receptor binding domain (RBD). The response of antibodies to this domain is a key indicator of the immunization's effectiveness and is well correlated with the neutralization of the viral agent. The failure of COVID-19 vaccines to induce complete neutralization provides an opportunity to find an alternative way. In this study, we show that recombinant RBD, Wuhan-specific; fused to mPLD1 protein, a highly effective immunogen from Hemiscorpius lepturus scorpion's venom, induce a potent immune response in mouse model. Conventional virus neutralization test (cVNT) with serum of mice immunized with mPLD1-RBD fusion protein, protects the Vero cells against the Omicron and Wuhan variants at the minimum of 1/64 and 1/32 dilution, respectively. The data strongly suggests that the subunit recombinant fusion protein could be a promising candidate for vaccine development against COVID-19. Our research showed that fusion of mPLD1, a highly effective immunogen, with RBD significantly boosts the immune response and substantially amplifies RBD antigenic properties in lab animals, setting the stage for their assessment in a comprehensive preclinical study.

COVID-19全球大流行的管理在一定程度上依赖于以无与伦比的速度快速开发预防性疫苗。冠状病毒引起的感染是由位于病毒粒子表面的刺突糖蛋白修饰物促进的，特别是通过其受体结合域（RBD）。抗体对该结构域的反应是免疫效果的关键指标，并与病毒因子的中和密切相关。COVID-19疫苗未能诱导完全中和，这为寻找替代方法提供了机会。在这项研究中，我们发现重组RBD，武汉特异性；与半角蝎毒液中高效免疫原mPLD1蛋白融合，在小鼠模型中诱导强效免疫应答。用mPLD1-RBD融合蛋白免疫小鼠血清进行常规病毒中和试验（cVNT），分别在至少1/64和1/32稀释时保护Vero细胞免受Omicron和武汉变体的感染。这些数据有力地表明，亚基重组融合蛋白可能是开发COVID-19疫苗的有希望的候选者。我们的研究表明，高效免疫原mPLD1与RBD的融合显著增强了实验动物的免疫反应，并显著增强了RBD的抗原特性，为其在全面的临床前研究中的评估奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Screening of yeasts in the oral microbiota of bats (Chiroptera) in Piauí, Brazil 巴西Piauí地区蝙蝠（翼翅目）口腔微生物群中酵母的筛选

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101628

Tatiane Nobre Pinto , Gisela Lara da Costa , Michael Anderson Teneu Costa , Érica Vitória dos Santos Lima , Tayná Rafaelle Coêlho de Carvalho , Jadielson da Silva Santos , Kelly Maria Rêgo da Silva , Simone Mousinho Freire , Manoel Marques Evangelista Oliveira

Bats in Brazil play a crucial ecological role; additionally, these mammals are known hosts of potential zoonotic pathogens and pathogenic fungi. The increase in their interactions with humans and other animals, caused by anthropogenic pressure, can lead to the dispersal of pathogens. Despite this, the fungal microbiome of these animals in Brazil has been little investigated. This project aims to analyze the fungal microbiota of bats and identify potentially pathogenic yeasts in populations of the Cerrado and Caatinga. The study included 47 bats captured in Piauí, Brazil. Samples were collected from the oral mucosa and the isolated yeasts were identified by a polyphasic taxonomy approach, using techniques such as partial sequencing of genes from the ITS region and MALDI-TOF MS. It was possible to isolate 17 yeast samples, including the pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida carphophila (Meyerozyma carphophila). The importance of continuous surveillance of the fungal microbiota of bats is highlighted, especially in ecologically sensitive areas such as the Cerrado and Caatinga. Detailed characterization of the oral microbiota of these animals contributes to the understanding of ecological interactions with fungi and provides essential data for strategies to prevent zoonoses and protect human and animal health.

蝙蝠在巴西扮演着至关重要的生态角色；此外，这些哺乳动物是已知的潜在人畜共患病病原体和致病真菌的宿主。由于人为压力，它们与人类和其他动物的相互作用增加，可导致病原体的扩散。尽管如此，巴西这些动物的真菌微生物群却很少被调查。该项目旨在分析蝙蝠的真菌微生物群，并在塞拉多和卡廷加种群中鉴定潜在的致病酵母。这项研究包括在巴西Piauí捕获的47只蝙蝠。利用ITS区部分基因测序和MALDI-TOF ms等技术，采用多相分类方法对分离的酵母进行鉴定，共分离出病原酵母菌白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、拟合念珠菌和嗜车念珠菌（嗜车念珠菌）17株。强调了持续监测蝙蝠真菌微生物群的重要性，特别是在塞拉多和卡廷加等生态敏感地区。这些动物口腔微生物群的详细特征有助于了解与真菌的生态相互作用，并为预防人畜共患病和保护人类和动物健康的策略提供必要的数据。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of colistin heteroresistance in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates 多药耐药鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株粘菌素耐药性调查

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101633

Ali Hematian , Morteza Karami-Zarandi , Hossein Ali Rahdar , Hamid Heidari , Hossein Kazemian

Background

Colistin is considered a last-resort antibiotic against Acinetobacter baumannii strains with advanced drug resistance. Various mechanisms, such as those affecting the bacterial outer membrane and efflux pumps, mediate colistin resistance.

Methods

One hundred clinical A. baumannii isolates were collected from various infections and identified using standard tests. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antibiotics, as well as colistin, against the isolates were determined using the broth microdilution method. The population analysis profile (PAP) was conducted to determine colistin heteroresistance, and a time-kill assay was also performed. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, the presence of mcr1-3 genes, as well as mutations in the pmrCAB and lpx genes, were investigated.

Results

All isolates were multidrug-resistant, and more than 85 % of the isolates were resistant to all antibiotics tested except colistin (colistin MIC ≤1 mg/L). Eleven colistin-heteroresistant isolates were found. All heteroresistant isolates were also resistant to imipenem. The time-kill assay indicated at 1 × MIC and 2 × MIC concentrations, the three heteroresistant isolates showed noteworthy regrowth at 6 and 12 h, respectively. All of the isolates were negative for mcr genes. Among 11 heteroresistant isolates, mutations in the pmrB, lpxC, and lpxD genes were found in four isolates, with one isolate having double mutations in the pmrB and lpxD genes.

Conclusion

Our research indicates that resistant subpopulations may develop during colistin monotherapy. These findings highlight the importance of continuous surveillance, the use of combination therapy, and the development of new strategies to combat A. baumannii infections.

粘菌素被认为是对抗鲍曼不动杆菌晚期耐药菌株的最后手段。各种机制，如影响细菌外膜和外排泵的机制，介导粘菌素耐药性。方法收集100株鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株，采用标准检验方法进行鉴定。采用微量肉汤稀释法测定9种抗生素及粘菌素对分离菌的最低抑菌浓度（mic）。采用群体分析谱（PAP）测定粘菌素异源耐药性，并进行时间杀伤试验。利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和测序技术，研究了mcr1-3基因的存在，以及pmrCAB和lpx基因的突变。结果所有分离株均为多重耐药菌株，85%以上的分离株对除粘菌素（MIC≤1 mg/L）外的所有抗生素均耐药。发现11株粘菌素异源耐药菌株。所有异耐药菌株也对亚胺培南耐药。时间杀伤试验表明，在1倍MIC和2倍MIC浓度下，3株异抗菌株分别在6和12 h时表现出明显的再生。所有分离株mcr基因均为阴性。在11株异抗菌株中，有4株出现pmrB、lpxC和lpxD基因突变，1株出现pmrB和lpxD基因双突变。结论本研究提示单药治疗可能产生耐药亚群。这些发现强调了持续监测、使用联合治疗和开发新策略以对抗鲍曼不动杆菌感染的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A large-scale chikungunya outbreak in China: Implications for global health in the era of climate change 中国大规模基孔肯雅热疫情：气候变化时代对全球卫生的影响

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101632

Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi , Ruba A. Al-Smadi , Tareq L. Mukattash

引用次数: 0

The burden of dengue fever in travellers: a systematic literature review 旅行者的登革热负担：系统文献综述

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101631

Martin P. Grobusch , Marta Díaz-Menéndez , Eduardo Bittencourt de Gomensoro , Caroline Mächler , Bojana Milovanović

Background

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection with growing global impact, including international travellers travelling to and from endemic regions. This systematic literature review aimed to assess the clinical and economic burden of dengue in travellers from non-endemic countries.

Methods

This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines to assess the incidence, prevalence, mortality, healthcare resource use, and costs of dengue fever in travellers between non-endemic and endemic regions. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Epistemonikos. Due to heterogeneity, data were synthesised descriptively without quantitative analysis.

Results

Seventy unique studies were included. Heterogeneity in design, inconsistent reporting, and lack of denominator data limited the ability to calculate incidence rates or compare risks across regions. Two prospective studies provided incidence rates, reaching 58.7 cases per 1000 person-months of travel. No studies reported prevalence data. With three cases, reported mortality was rare. No cost data were identified, but limited data on healthcare resource use were identified from seven publications.

Conclusions

Findings highlight the challenges in quantifying individual risk and the need for improved surveillance, prospective data collection, and targeted prevention strategies. These results support improved travel health guidance and may inform vaccination strategies for travellers to endemic regions.

登革热是一种蚊子传播的病毒感染，其全球影响日益扩大，包括往返流行地区的国际旅行者。本系统文献综述旨在评估来自非登革热流行国家的旅行者的临床和经济负担。方法本系统综述遵循PRISMA指南，评估非流行区和流行区之间旅行者登革热的发病率、流行率、死亡率、医疗资源使用和成本。我们系统地检索了MEDLINE、Embase、谷歌Scholar、PubMed和Epistemonikos。由于异质性，数据是描述性合成的，没有进行定量分析。结果纳入70项独立研究。设计的异质性、不一致的报告和缺乏分母数据限制了计算发病率或比较不同地区风险的能力。两项前瞻性研究提供了发病率，达到每1000人月旅行58.7例。没有研究报告患病率数据。只有3例病例，报告的死亡率很少见。没有确定成本数据，但从7份出版物中确定了有限的医疗资源使用数据。结论：研究结果强调了量化个体风险的挑战，以及改进监测、前瞻性数据收集和有针对性的预防策略的必要性。这些结果支持改进旅行健康指导，并可能为前往流行地区的旅行者提供疫苗接种策略。

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引用次数: 0

Local transmission of arboviral infections in the south of France and prevention paradigms - status quo August 2025 法国南部虫媒病毒感染的本地传播和预防模式——现状，2025年8月

IF 5.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101629

Philippe Gautret , Patricia Schlagenhauf

引用次数: 0

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