New Microbes and New Infections最新文献

{"title":"Insights into antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from clinical samples in Iran: A systematic review","authors":"Fatemeh Sameni ,&nbsp;Ali Dadashi ,&nbsp;Bahareh Hajikhani ,&nbsp;Maedeh Pourali Eshkalak ,&nbsp;Alex van Belkum ,&nbsp;Ali Hashemi ,&nbsp;Azadeh Alirezaei ,&nbsp;Masoud Dadashi","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Infections caused by <em>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</em> (<em>S. maltophilia</em>) are particularly difficult to treat because of their intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The main aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of infections caused by this bacterium across different provinces of Iran. Additionally, the study assessed the resistance rates of commonly prescribed antibiotics to address existing gaps in therapeutic knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant original research articles published in English between 2000 and 2024, using Google Scholar, Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science. Following screening, all studies reporting antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of <em>S. maltophilia</em> from Iran were included and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1415 clinical isolates were collected from 16 regions across Iran. Most isolates showed high susceptibility to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and minocycline (98.5 % and 98.2 %, respectively). Among the genes associated with biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance, <em>sul1</em> and <em>spgM</em> were the most prevalent (12.4 % and 39.6 %, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the low resistance rates to levofloxacin and minocycline, these antibiotics may be considered as potentially effective options for treating <em>S. maltophilia</em> infections in Iran. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole showed comparatively higher resistance rates, suggesting that its clinical efficacy may be declining. The rising isolation of <em>S. maltophilia</em> from clinical specimens in recent years, compared to the previous decade, is of both epidemiological and clinical concern, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance and prudent antibiotic use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101664"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and clinical profiles of patients with osteoarticular fungal Infections: A retrospective study","authors":"Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Yu ,&nbsp;Haozhi Han ,&nbsp;Peng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101676","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Osteoarticular fungal infections (OAFIs), including fungal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, represent uncommon but clinically significant complications in musculoskeletal care. Current management remains challenging due to limited evidence guiding antifungal selection. This study aims to characterize the epidemiological patterns, clinical features, and antifungal susceptibility profiles of OAFIs, with particular focus on the critical role of &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; susceptibility testing in determining treatment outcomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A retrospective study of patients was conducted with OAFIs treated between January 2020 and February 2024, analyzing clinical manifestations, surgical interventions, and associated risk factors. Fungal identification was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), followed by broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing for amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLC), voriconazole (VRC), and posaconazole (POS). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines to determine susceptibility profiles and identify potential resistance mechanisms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Sixty fungal isolates were isolated from 60 patients with OAFIs including &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt; spp. (n = 40, 66.7 %), &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; spp. (n = 14, 23.3 %), &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus neoformans&lt;/em&gt; (n = 2, 3.3 %), &lt;em&gt;Trichophyton rubrum&lt;/em&gt; (n = 2, 3.3 %), &lt;em&gt;Lomentospora prolificans&lt;/em&gt; (n = 1, 1.7 %), and &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus laurentii&lt;/em&gt; (n = 1, 1.7 %). The isolates were obtained from joint fluid (n = 48, 80 %) and inflammatory lesions (n = 12, 20 %). Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated highest MIC values for FLC but susceptibility profiles for VRC and POS against all fungal isolates. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in VRC and POS activity among &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus&lt;/em&gt; spp. (F = 15.78, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01; F = 66.88, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.0001). VRC activity did not differ between &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; spp., but both were lower than against &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus&lt;/em&gt; spp. (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05 and &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). POS activity was higher against &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt; than &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) and &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus&lt;/em&gt; spp. (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.0001), and higher against &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus&lt;/em&gt; than &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Systemic comorbidities were common (73.3 %), one patient was HIV-positive, and three had only localized superficial fungal infections.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We concluded that &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus fumigatus&lt;/em&gt; as the predominant pathogens in OAFIs, while rare species including &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus neoformans&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Lomentospora prolificans&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus laurentii&lt;/em&gt; were also isolated ","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEM-15 and TEM-17, rare ESBLs re-emerging in a KPC-2-producing Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae ST2131 from wastewater, Brazil","authors":"João Pedro Rueda Furlan ,&nbsp;Giovanna Carrasco Bueno ,&nbsp;Rubens Renato Sousa-Carmo ,&nbsp;Renan Lourenço Oliveira Silva ,&nbsp;Mikaela Renata Funada Barbosa ,&nbsp;Maria Ines Zanoli Sato ,&nbsp;Nilton Lincopan ,&nbsp;Sergio Schenkman","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101673"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between positive preadmission screening and COVID-19 community transmission: A retrospective observational study during an emergent novel infectious disease pandemic","authors":"Shingo Mitsushima ,&nbsp;Yasushi Ohkusa ,&nbsp;Kiyosu Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Yasuharu Tokuda ,&nbsp;Kenji Shibuya","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>After COVID-19 emerged, hospitals adopted preadmission screening to detect asymptomatic cases and avert nosocomial outbreaks; whether such clinical screening should be routine policy remains debated and has not been quantified in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate preadmission clinical screening as a component of pandemic preparedness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The primary outcome was positivity on preadmission screening. We modeled COVID-19 positivity among asymptomatic preadmission patients using regression and a Tobit specification to accommodate excess zeros, then developed a predictive model. Analyses used hospital data linked to prefecture-level indicators of community transmission, including newly confirmed cases and influenza-like-illness (ILI) sentinel activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this single-center retrospective study, 5897 newly confirmed COVID-19 cases were analyzed at the hospital. During the same period, Mie Prefecture reported 355,879 cases overall, including 45,551 visits to ILI sentinel sites. In 2022, screening positivity among asymptomatic preadmission patients correlated strongly with the number of newly confirmed cases in the prefecture. The model predicted non-zero screening positivity when newly confirmed prefectural cases exceeded ∼10,000, regardless of assumed ILI positivity. When prefectural cases were &lt;2,000, predicted screening positivity was ∼0 even if assumed ILI positivity was ∼40 %.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest conditions for conducting preadmission clinical screening during the COVID-19 pandemic, which can support healthcare infrastructure preparedness against pandemics of novel infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101647"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First identification of camel Contagious Ecthyma Virus in camels from Altay, Xinjiang, China","authors":"Qiuyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ge Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongbin Zhai ,&nbsp;Qi Zhao ,&nbsp;Yaru Feng ,&nbsp;Maraba Rawaydul ,&nbsp;Yuyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Jiao ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Chu ,&nbsp;Jian Xu ,&nbsp;Duoliang Ran ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In April 2023, outbreaks of a novel oral disease were observed in Bactrian camels in Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. To clarify the etiology and epidemiology, we surveyed 1863 camels from 12 farms across three major camel-producing counties. A total of 311 camels (16.7 %) exhibited characteristic lesions, with significantly higher incidence in adults (18.1 %) than juveniles (9.7 %) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Tissue samples from 12 clinically affected camels were subjected to PCR testing for multiple poxviruses. Only <em>Camel Contagious Ecthyma Virus</em> (CCEV) was detected, and sequencing of the B2L gene confirmed its identity. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Xinjiang isolates shared &gt;98 % nucleotide homology with strains from Saudi Arabia and Sudan, with no variation among the 12 local sequences. Histopathology showed epidermal necrosis, hyperplasia, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, consistent with parapoxvirus infection, and electron microscopy revealed typical poxvirus morphology. These findings document the first confirmed detection and molecular characterization of CCEV in camels in China, highlighting its potential impact on the camel industry and the need for further investigation of its epidemiology and zoonotic risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101668"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of H5N1 influenza vaccines against clade 2.3.4.4b of H5N1","authors":"Chiranjib Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Manojit Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Arpita Das ,&nbsp;Rao Zahid Abbas ,&nbsp;Priyanka Choudhary ,&nbsp;Om Prakash Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101637"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection with thrombosis: A systematic review of case reports","authors":"Darío S. López-Delgado ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Narváez ,&nbsp;Roberto Bonfante-Villalobos ,&nbsp;Joshua Emmanuel Arteaga ,&nbsp;Hector Fabio Sanchez-Galvez ,&nbsp;Andres Ricaurte-Fajardo ,&nbsp;Lysien Zambrano ,&nbsp;Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> hyperinfection syndrome (SHS) is a severe complication of strongyloidiasis, typically in immunosuppressed patients. While sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction are well recognized, the association with thrombotic complications remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review of case reports and case series following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched through December 2024. Eligible studies included patients with SHS or disseminated strongyloidiasis and confirmed thrombotic events. Data on demographics, risk factors, infection characteristics, thrombosis, treatment, and outcomes were extracted and narratively synthesized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen studies describing 16 cases of SHS with thrombosis published between 2013 and 2024 were included. Median age was 66 years (range 40–87), with a slight male predominance. Most patients (68.8%) were immunosuppressed, primarily due to corticosteroid therapy. Thrombotic events were heterogeneous, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, portal and renal vein thrombosis, intracardiac thrombi, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Multifocal thrombosis (arterial + venous) occurred in 3/16 (18.8%) cases; shock was present in 5/16 (31.3%). Ivermectin was the mainstay of therapy, alone or with albendazole, although treatment regimens were inconsistently reported. Anticoagulation was frequently initiated, and two cases required thrombectomy. Despite treatment, overall mortality reached 31.3%, particularly among immunosuppressed patients with shock or disseminated thrombosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SHS can be complicated by diverse and often fatal thrombotic events, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. Clinical suspicion should be heightened in patients from endemic regions or those receiving corticosteroids. Early empiric antiparasitic therapy, timely investigation for thrombotic complications, and individualized anticoagulation strategies are essential to improving outcomes. Given the reliance on case-level evidence, prospective studies and standardized reporting are urgently needed to characterize better risk factors, optimal management, and prognosis of this neglected but critical complication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in intensive care units","authors":"Lamiae Bennis,&nbsp;Youssef Elouardi,&nbsp;Hamza El Aarabi,&nbsp;Imane Oussayeh,&nbsp;Mohammed Khallouki","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in intensive care units (ICUs).</div><div>We performed a retrospective study in the ICU of Ibn Tofail Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco from March to September 2022. Patients hospitalized for more than 48 h were included. HAIs were defined according to CDC criteria, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing followed EUCAST guidelines. Results were compared with pre-pandemic data from 2019. Of 187 admitted patients, 145 were eligible, and 38 developed an HAI (26.3 %). The most frequent infections were pneumonia (37 %), catheter-related infections (27.5 %), and urinary tract infections (16.1 %). Among 112 isolates, Gram-negative bacteria predominated (82.7 %), mainly <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (26.8 %), <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (17.9 %), and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (14.3 %). Compared with 2019 (98 isolates), <em>K. pneumoniae</em> increased significantly (17.3 % vs. 26.8 %, p = 0.048). Resistance to ceftazidime rose in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (22.2 % vs. 56.3 %, p = 0.042), while methicillin resistance in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> declined (75.0 % vs. 25.0 %, p = 0.044). No significant changes were observed in carbapenem resistance. Multidrug resistance remained widespread (45.9 % vs. 50.9 %, p = 0.458).</div><div>HAIs in this ICU were mainly due to Gram-negative bacteria, with notable shifts in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> prevalence and specific resistance patterns after the pandemic. While multidrug resistance remains a pressing concern, most changes were limited in scope. These findings provide locally relevant data that can inform infection control and AMR surveillance strategies in North African ICUs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101662"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial research productivity in Lebanon: A PubMed-Based bibliometric analysis","authors":"Aline Hajj ,&nbsp;Hala Sacre ,&nbsp;Maria Ounsi ,&nbsp;Mariam Nasser ,&nbsp;Sara Mohsen Meame ,&nbsp;Hussein Hazime ,&nbsp;Amal Al-Hajje ,&nbsp;Deema Rahme ,&nbsp;Nathalie Lahoud ,&nbsp;Jihan Safwan ,&nbsp;Marwan Akel ,&nbsp;Rony M. Zeenny ,&nbsp;Katia Iskandar ,&nbsp;Pascale Salameh","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobials have revolutionized medicine globally, but emerging antimicrobial resistance due to antimicrobial misuse might revert the world to the “pre-antibiotic era”. Research on the topic contributes to fighting antimicrobial resistance and developing related strategies. Hence, this bibliometric analysis aimed to assess antimicrobial research productivity in Lebanon.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant publications were retrieved from PubMed, and data were assessed using the VOS viewer. The most research-active institutions, collaboration patterns, and various antimicrobial research areas were reported and discussed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Research productivity has exhibited an increasing trend over the past 20 years. Private institutions were the most active (90%), while international collaborations were moderate (40%), mainly with institutions in the United States and France. The only visible public-private partnership involved collaboration between the Lebanese University and other institutions. While immunology and molecular biology-related keywords were frequently used before 2012, more clinical (treatment outcome, antimicrobial stewardship, antimicrobial resistance) and environmental cluster-related keywords appeared later, with a low occurrence of resistance and the One Health concept.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study assessed research productivity related to antimicrobials from Lebanese institutions; it showed the need for greater public sector involvement, expanded national and international research collaborations, and increased focus on critical concepts such as antimicrobial resistance and the One Health approach. Future studies should evaluate research quality and expand the search to additional research platforms other than PubMed for a more comprehensive understanding of the Lebanese research productivity in this field and further optimize strategic measures to combat antimicrobial resistance, optimize research agenda, and improve patient health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101642"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunnel sign on magnetic resonance imaging in neuromelioidosis: A systematic literature review","authors":"Nitin Gupta ,&nbsp;Sonali Singh ,&nbsp;Tirlangi Praveen Kumar ,&nbsp;Sundeep Malla ,&nbsp;Astha Sethi ,&nbsp;Carl Boodman ,&nbsp;Steven Van Den Broucke ,&nbsp;Erika Vlieghe ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Bottieau ,&nbsp;Martin Peter Grobusch ,&nbsp;Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuromelioidosis can present with abscesses, meningitis, or encephalomyelitis, but can be missed on blood culture. Linear enhancement of the corticospinal tract (white matter motor pathway) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the form of a ‘tunnel sign’ is an essential clue for early diagnosis of neuromelioidosis. This systematic review (SR) explores the clinical profile and outcomes of neuromelioidosis patients with tunnel signs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An SR was conducted to look for articles reporting individual details of neuromelioidosis patients with tunnel signs (reported or present on published images) on MRI. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024597199). After title-abstract and full-text screening, clinical profile and outcome data were extracted and analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty cases (22 articles) with tunnel signs on MRI were included after screening 2985 articles. The traditional risk factors (diabetes mellitus, alcohol intake, steroids, etc.) for melioidosis were present in only 23 % (5/22) of patients. Limb weakness (89 %, 24/27) and cranial nerve involvement (46 %, 11/24) were commonly seen at presentation. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures for <em>B.pseudomallei</em> were only positive in 15 % (2/13) and 22 % (4/18). Due to low rates of clinical suspicion of neuromelioidosis (25 %, 6/24), empirical steroids and inappropriate antimicrobials were given in 47 % (8/17) and 65 % (9/17) of patients, respectively. A total of 30 % (n = 9) of the patients died.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In melioidosis-endemic areas with access to MRI, recognising the link between the presence of a tunnel sign and neuromelioidosis is crucial to initiate early adequate therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101639"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}