New Microbes and New Infections最新文献

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Understanding the surge in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever incidence in Iraq: A call for action 了解伊拉克克里米亚-刚果出血热发病率激增的原因：呼吁采取行动

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101479

Dana Khdr Sabir, Paywast Jamal Jalal, Fro Rzgar Khdir

引用次数: 0

A Rare Encounter: The first documented human infection of avian influenza A(H5N2) 罕见的遭遇：首次有记录的人类感染甲型 H5N2 禽流感

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101478

Prakriti Pokhrel, Amogh Verma, Kumud Pant, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Mahendra Pratap Singh, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin, Sarvesh Rustagi, Sanjit Sah

引用次数: 0

Monkeypox crisis: A national public health concern in Democratic Republic of the Congo 猴痘危机：刚果民主共和国的国家公共卫生问题

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101480

Lucien Baraka, Elie Kihanduka, Mayar Moustafa Budair, Francois Rhugendabanga, Styves Banga, Jones Onesime, Hardy Elembwe, Samson Hangi, Excellent Rugendabanga, Aymar Akilimali

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of and risk factors for infectious disease syndromic symptoms among pilgrimage to Arba'een mass gathering religious in 2023 2023 年前往阿尔巴恩朝圣的群众集会宗教人士中传染病综合症状的流行率和风险因素

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101477

Hosein Azizi , Behrouz Naghili , Fariba Abbasi , Lotfali Haghiri , Elham Davtalab Esmaeili

Background

There is a growing participation of Shia Muslims, in the Arba'een pilgrimage every year. It is imperative to conduct a comprehensive study on the transmission of diseases among Arba'een pilgrims in order to identify and promptly respond to potential epidemics effectively. We aimed to assess the syndromic symptoms associated with infectious diseases and the prevalence of mask usage among patients visiting outpatient clinics during the Arba'een pilgrimage in Ira, in 2023.

Methods

In this descriptive-analytical study, 300 outpatients who sought medical care at outpatient clinics during the Arba'een pilgrimage were randomly selected. The study data and infectious disease syndromic symptoms were assessed using trained healthcare professionals. A multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the crude and Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of symptoms and risk factors associated with respiratory syndrome and flu-like symptoms with 95 % confidence intervals.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 39 years and 61 % of those were male. Out of 72 (24 %) of mask users, 41.6 % had changed masks in less than 8 h. The most common syndromic symptoms was Flu-like illness (53 %). In the final analysis, not wearing a mask AOR = 1.40 (1.1–9.8) and smoking AOR = 3.25 (1.1–9.5) both elevated the risk of the flu-like syndrome and severe respiratory disease symptoms.

Conclusions

Pilgrims are especially vulnerable to the flu and other respiratory illnesses. Therefore, performing a differential diagnosis in these people, including flu and COVID-19, is essential to prevent an outbreak during the Arba'een pilgrimage.

背景什叶派穆斯林每年参加阿尔巴恩朝圣的人数越来越多。当务之急是对阿尔巴恩朝圣者的疾病传播情况进行全面研究，以便及时发现和有效应对潜在的流行病。我们的目的是评估 2023 年阿尔巴恩朝圣期间在伊拉门诊就医的患者中与传染病相关的综合症状和口罩使用率。方法在这项描述性分析研究中，我们随机抽取了 300 名在阿尔巴恩朝圣期间在门诊就医的患者。由经过培训的医护人员对研究数据和传染病综合症状进行评估。结果参与者的平均年龄为 39 岁，其中 61% 为男性。在 72 名口罩使用者（24%）中，41.6% 的人更换口罩的时间少于 8 小时。在最终分析中，不戴口罩 AOR = 1.40 (1.1-9.8) 和吸烟 AOR = 3.25 (1.1-9.5) 都会增加流感样综合征和严重呼吸道疾病症状的风险。因此，对这些人进行鉴别诊断（包括流感和 COVID-19）对于防止在阿尔巴恩朝圣期间爆发疫情至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

First human fatality from H5N2 virus: Have we learnt lessons in pandemic preparedness? H5N2 病毒造成首例人类死亡：我们在大流行病防备方面吸取教训了吗？

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101476

Faithful Miebaka Daniel, Victoria Ezinne Emeruwa, Lydia Daopuye

引用次数: 0

Lymphotropic polyomavirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus in patients infected with HIV or hepatitis B or C virus 感染艾滋病毒或乙型或丙型肝炎病毒的患者体内的淋巴细胞多瘤病毒和梅克尔细胞多瘤病毒

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101471

Bahman Abedi Kiasari , Amir Hossein Alipour , Negar Hemmati , Mohammad Gholamnezhad , Fatemeh Hoda Fallah

Background

LPV and MCV emerge as recent additions to the Polyomaviridae family, capable of inducing important infections. Studies have suggested the presence of LPV in human populations, with potential involvement in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Additionally, MCV, closely related to LPV, has been implicated in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). This study aimed to explore the prevalence of LPV and MCV in individuals with compromised immunity due to chronic viral infections.

Methods

340 specimens, including HIV PCR-positive, HBV PCR-positive, HCV PCR-positive, and HIV/HBV/HCV negative sera, underwent screening via PCR technique to identify LPV and MCV genomes. Subsequently, sequencing was employed to validate the viral identity.

Results

Out of all specimens, MCV DNA was detected in 8.52 % of participants, with a significantly higher prevalence in HIV-positive individuals (26.4 %). LPV was detected in only one HIV-positive patient. No co-detection of MCV and LPV was observed. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the genetic similarity of the detected MCV strains to known references, while the LPV sequence showed 99 % identity to the published sequences of LPV-K38.

Conclusion

This research provides insights into the prevalence of LPV and MCV in individuals with chronic viral infections. The study highlights the potential association between MCV and immunocompromised states, emphasizing the need for comprehensive investigations to understand the epidemiology, transmission routes, and clinical implications of these polyomaviruses in human populations.

背景LPV和MCV是多瘤病毒科的新成员，能够诱发重要的感染。研究表明，LPV 存在于人类人群中，可能与中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病有关。此外，与 LPV 关系密切的 MCV 也与梅克尔细胞癌（MCC）有关。本研究旨在探讨 LPV 和 MCV 在因慢性病毒感染而导致免疫力下降的人群中的流行情况。方法通过 PCR 技术对包括 HIV PCR 阳性、HBV PCR 阳性、HCV PCR 阳性和 HIV/HBV/HCV 阴性血清在内的 340 份标本进行筛选，以确定 LPV 和 MCV 基因组。结果在所有标本中，8.52%的参与者检测到 MCV DNA，HIV 阳性者的发病率明显更高（26.4%）。只有一名 HIV 阳性患者检测到 LPV。没有发现 MCV 和 LPV 同时检测到。系统发育分析证实，检测到的 MCV 株系与已知参考物具有遗传相似性，而 LPV 序列与已公布的 LPV-K38 序列具有 99% 的同一性。该研究强调了 MCV 与免疫功能低下状态之间的潜在联系，强调有必要进行全面调查，以了解这些多瘤病毒在人群中的流行病学、传播途径和临床影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adverse pregnancy outcomes in maternal malarial infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis 孕产妇疟疾感染的不良妊娠结局：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101474

Prakasini Satapathy , Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib , Shilpa Gaidhane , Quazi Syed Zahiruddin , Rakesh Kumar Sharma , Sarvesh Rustagi , Jumana M. Al-Jishi , Hawra Albayat , Mona A. Al Fares , Mohammed Garout , Hayam A. Alrasheed , Maha F. Al-Subaie , Ali A. Rabaan , Ranjit Sah

Background

Malaria in pregnancy is a critical public health issue that can lead to severe adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes in malaria-infected pregnancies and examines their association with the condition.

Method

We searched databases up to January 30, 2024, for observational studies on pregnant women with malaria. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and risk ratios (RRs) for adverse outcomes, with statistical support from R software version 4.3.

Results

Thirty-one studies were included, showing high prevalence of low birth weight (LBW; 17.4 %), preterm birth (17.9 %), and small for gestational age (SGA; 16.1 %) in malaria-affected pregnancies. Infected mothers were significantly more likely to have LBW infants (RR = 1.755), preterm births (RR = 1.484), and SGA infants (RR = 1.554). The risk of stillbirth was not significantly increased (RR = 1.238).

Conclusion

Malaria in pregnancy significantly elevates the risk of LBW, preterm birth, and SGA, underscoring the need for effective malaria prevention and treatment strategies in endemic regions. Future research should aim to refine and implement these strategies to enhance maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

背景妊娠期疟疾是一个严重的公共卫生问题，可导致母亲和胎儿出现严重的不良后果。本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了疟疾感染孕妇不良分娩结局的发生率，并研究了这些不良分娩结局与疟疾的关系。方法我们检索了截至 2024 年 1 月 30 日的数据库，以了解有关疟疾孕妇的观察性研究。在 R 软件 4.3 版的统计支持下，我们使用随机效应模型对数据进行了分析，以计算不良结局的汇总患病率和风险比 (RRs)。结果共纳入 31 项研究，结果显示受疟疾影响的孕妇中低出生体重儿 (LBW; 17.4%)、早产儿 (17.9%) 和小于胎龄儿 (SGA; 16.1%) 的患病率较高。受感染的母亲更有可能生出低体重儿（RR = 1.755）、早产儿（RR = 1.484）和 SGA 婴儿（RR = 1.554）。结论妊娠期疟疾会显著增加婴儿畸形、早产和 SGA 的风险，这表明疟疾流行地区需要有效的疟疾预防和治疗策略。未来的研究应致力于完善和实施这些策略，以提高孕产妇和新生儿的健康水平。

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引用次数: 0

The importance of impregnated mosquito nets and the case of Papua New Guinea 浸药蚊帐的重要性和巴布亚新几内亚的案例

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101475

Olalekan John Okesanya, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III, Jerico Bautista Ogaya, Emery Manirambona, Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka, Safayet Jamil

引用次数: 0

Automated data collection tool for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B: Leveraging OCR and NLP technologies for improved efficiency 用于真实世界慢性乙型肝炎队列研究的自动数据收集工具：利用 OCR 和 NLP 技术提高效率

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101469

Xiaomei Zhou , Tao Zeng , Yibo Zhang , Yingying Liao , Jaime Smith , Lin Zhang , Chao Wang , Qinghai Li , Dongbo Wu , Yutian Chong , Xinhua Li

Background

Collecting and standardizing clinical research data is a very tedious task. This study is to develop an intelligent data collection tool, named CHB-EDC, for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), which can assist in standardized and efficient data collection.

Methods

CHB_EDC is capable of automatically processing various formats of data, including raw data in image format, using internationally recognized data standards, OCR, and NLP models. It can automatically populate the data into eCRFs designed in the REDCap system, supporting the integration of patient data from electronic medical record systems through commonly used web application interfaces. This tool enables intelligent extraction and aggregation of data, as well as secure and anonymous data sharing.

Results

For non-electronic data collection, the average accuracy of manual collection was 98.65 %, with an average time of 63.64 min to collect information for one patient. The average accuracy CHB-EDC was 98.66 %, with an average time of 3.57 min to collect information for one patient. In the same data collection task, CHB-EDC achieved a comparable average accuracy to manual collection. However, in terms of time, CHB-EDC significantly outperformed manual collection (p < 0.05). Our research has significantly reduced the required collection time and lowered the cost of data collection while ensuring accuracy.

Conclusion

The tool has significantly improved the efficiency of data collection while ensuring accuracy, enabling standardized collection of real-world data.

背景收集和标准化临床研究数据是一项非常繁琐的工作。本研究旨在为慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）的真实世界队列研究开发一种名为 CHB-EDC 的智能数据收集工具，该工具可帮助实现标准化和高效的数据收集。CHB_EDC 能够使用国际公认的数据标准、OCR 和 NLP 模型自动处理各种格式的数据，包括图像格式的原始数据。它能将数据自动填充到 REDCap 系统设计的 eCRF 中，支持通过常用的网络应用程序接口整合电子病历系统中的患者数据。结果对于非电子数据收集，人工收集的平均准确率为 98.65%，收集一名患者信息的平均时间为 63.64 分钟。CHB-EDC的平均准确率为98.66%，为一名患者收集信息的平均时间为3.57分钟。在相同的数据收集任务中，CHB-EDC 的平均准确率与人工收集相当。然而，在时间方面，CHB-EDC 明显优于人工收集（p < 0.05）。我们的研究在确保准确性的同时，大大缩短了所需的收集时间，降低了数据收集成本。结论该工具在确保准确性的同时，大大提高了数据收集的效率，实现了真实世界数据的标准化收集。

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引用次数: 0

Identification and characterisation of carbapenem-resistant Streptococcus nidrosiense sp. nov. isolated from blood culture 从血液培养物中分离的耐碳青霉烯类链球菌的鉴定和特征描述

IF 2.9 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

New Microbes and New Infections

Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101473

Torunn Gresdal Rønning , Camilla Olaisen , Christina Gabrielsen Ås , Jan Egil Afset , Maria Schei Haugan

Background

This study aimed to investigate a highly resistant strain of Streptococcus sp. isolated from a patient with bloodstream infection and determine its taxonomic classification.

Methods

The strain was isolated from blood culture from a 65-year-old male patient admitted to St. Olavs University hospital, Trondheim, Norway, in 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing as well as phenotypic and biochemical characterization were performed. Whole genome sequencing was conducted and genomic comparison to Streptococcus type strains was carried out.

Results

The strain was initially identified as Streptococcus mitis/oralis but showed significant genetic differences, suggesting that it belonged to an undescribed species within the Streptococcus genus. Phenotypic and biochemical characterization identified the strain as a non-motile, facultative anaerobic bacterium with α-hemolysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed resistance to all beta-lactams tested. Genomic analyses confirmed the classification of the strain as a novel species, which was designated Streptococcus nidrosiense.

Conclusion

This study combines conventional phenotypic tests with whole genome sequencing for accurate taxonomic classification of a bacterial strain isolated from blood culture. The identification of a novel species within the Streptococcus genus contributes to the understanding of microbial diversity and antibiotic resistance of the Streptococcus genus in clinical settings.

背景本研究旨在调查从一名血流感染患者体内分离出的一株高耐药性链球菌，并确定其分类学分类。方法该菌株是从 2023 年挪威特隆赫姆圣奥拉夫斯大学医院收治的一名 65 岁男性患者的血液培养中分离出来的。对该菌株进行了抗菌药敏感性测试以及表型和生化鉴定。结果该菌株最初被鉴定为肝炎/口腔链球菌，但显示出显著的遗传差异，表明它属于链球菌属中一个未被描述的物种。表型和生化鉴定结果表明，该菌株是一种非运动性、兼性厌氧细菌，具有α溶血功能。抗菌药敏感性测试显示，该菌株对所有测试过的β-内酰胺类药物均有抗药性。基因组分析证实了该菌株属于新菌种，并将其命名为尼德罗斯链球菌（Streptococcus nidrosiense）。鉴定出链球菌属中的一个新物种有助于了解临床环境中链球菌属微生物的多样性和抗生素耐药性。

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