International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences最新文献

Purpose

To explore factors that influence the quality of work life (QWL) as perceived by Heads of Nursing Departments (HoDs) at South African universities.

Background

Quality of life includes work life as an important subdivision. Quality of work life has sequalae of (and, in turn, influences) other aspects of a person’s life. By addressing factors that influence the QWL in nursing departments, nursing students are potentially provided with quality teaching and learning experiences.

Nursing HoDs have an intimate and extensive knowledge of the current QWL at their universities. Their experience and knowledge contribute to the understanding of faculty, provincial, governmental and professional body processes on aspects which might influence the prevailing QWL in nursing departments. These processes include budgeting and managing work processes.

Design and methods

A qualitative, descriptive research design was employed with data generated by in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was performed on the transcribed data, first by familiarisation and immersion, followed by the development of codes, generation and revision of the final themes of the HODs’ understanding of QWL regarding their personal, home and family situations, departmental (work) situations, finances, and the effect of #FeesMustFall.

Results

HoDs indicate that the relationships with, and the amount of support received from different parties involved with teaching and student learning, as well as home, family and work-related issues, availability of finances and the drive for transformation in higher education facilitate the QWL in the department.

Conclusion

To improve the QWL in nursing departments towards higher education transformation, nursing departments need good human resources (HR) management practices.

Objectives

To explore nurse’s perceptions on barriers for Implementing Pressure Ulcers Preventive Measures among critically ill patients.

Research Design

An exploratory qualitative study design was employed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 nurses to explore their perceptions on barriers for preventing pressure ulcers among critically ill patient. Qualitative thematic analysis approach was used to analyze data.

Study settings

Medical high dependent unit, surgical high dependent unit, medical Intensive Care unit and surgical intensive care units at tertiary teaching hospital.

Findings

Seven themes emerged that describes nurses’ perceptions on barriers for implementing pressure ulcers preventive measures among patients with critical illness. The themes are: Restrictions from therapeutic interventions and severity of patient condition; Shortage of staff and equipment for pressure ulcer prevention; Unbalanced shift staffing and competing need for patient care; health care providers’ incompetence and carelessness; Lack of guidelines on implementing best practice for pressure ulcer prevention; Lack of accountability measures for negligence; and Minimal management’s commitment for PUs prevention.

Conclusion

This study reveals contextual based barriers for effective prevention of ppressure ulcers among critically ill patients. Nurses should be continuously empowered with competence for pressure ulcers prevention. This should go along with staffing and equipping critical care settings for pressure ulcers prevention. Managerial oversight is required for effective implementation of pressure ulcer preventive measures. This should include development of guidelines and policies, establishing accountability measures for negligence, malpractice as well as initiating clinical audit for reflective learning purpose.

Introduction

The need for privacy was deemed an essential human right. The aim of the study was to examining the level of respect for patients’ privacy from the perspective of operating room personnel and investigating the various factors that influence it.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in OR Hospitals in Hamadan, Iran. A total of 650 Hospital Operating Room personnel were randomly selected. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire, with the reliability of the questionnaire confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (alpha coefficient = 0.81). For data analysis, t-tests, ANOVA, and chi-square tests were performed, utilizing SPSS version 22. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results

The studies about 55.1 % were female, 94.3 % were under 25 years of age, and 83.80 % had less than 5 years of work experience. The study found significant differences in privacy adherence based on gender and education, with women and bachelor’s degree holders scoring higher on privacy measures. No significant differences were observed for marital status and age. The Pearson correlation indicated significant relationships between different aspects of privacy.

Conclusion

Attention to patient privacy is crucial in hospitals to improve care quality and build patient trust among operating personnel.

Background

Appropriate implementation of solutions emanating from the Perinatal Problem Identification Programme (PPIP) improves the quality of perinatal care, leading to the reduction of perinatal morbidity and mortality rates due to avoidable factors. Effective implementation of the Perinatal Problem Identification Programme necessitates a comprehensive approach that includes both the perinatal period (from 22 weeks of gestation to 28 days after birth) and neonatal period (from birth to 28 days after birth), as these critical periods are vital for identifying and addressing potential health issues in pregnant women and newborn.

Purpose

The study sought to investigate the perceptions of professional nurses regarding the implementation of PPIP in a public hospital in the Bojanala District, Northwest Province in South Africa.

Methods

Professional nurses participated in the exploratory, descriptive, and contextual qualitative study. Data were collected using three focus group interviews. Data were transcribed and analysed using Tesch’s method of data analysis. Trustworthy and ethical considerations were maintained throughout the study.

Results

The following themes emerged from the analysed data: inadequate commitment of operational managers, inconsistent attendance of perinatal audit meetings, and a lack of institutional support and established interprofessional teams to drive the implementation of PPIP.

Contribution

The benefits of PPIP implementation may prevent avoidable factors, missed opportunities, and substandard care, to contribute to reducing perinatal mortality and morbidity rates.

Background

Stress and anxiety levels among students can be influenced by a variety of factors related to their academic, social, and personal lives. Acupressure can serve as a technique that students can use to relax and take a break from their busy schedules. Implementing acupressure techniques can empower students to manage their well-being proactively.

Aim

To investigate the effects of acupressure on reducing the severity of headaches and anxiety among nursing university students.

Method

A quasi-experimental study was used to collect data for this study regulated by a questionnaire. The study consisted of 178 participants selected from Prince Sattam University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Results

When comparing pre, post, and follow-up ratings for all headache domains, the interventional group of students demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p = 0.001). After the acupressure intervention, students’ anxiety levels improved. There is statistically significant improvement (p = 0.001)

Conclusion

Acupressure can help students manage recurring anxiety by boosting relaxation, lowering stress levels, improving sleep quality, increasing attention and concentration, and instilling a sense of self-care and empowerment.

Objective

Birth outcomes are usually determined by lifestyle characteristics during pregnancy. We investigated the association of maternal lifestyle characteristics with birth outcomes (mode of delivery and preterm birth) among post-delivery women in Zanzibar.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional analytical study which involved quantitative data which were collected prospectively, and it included 301 post-delivery women who were conveniently selected from postnatal wards of the four selected hospitals in Zanzibar between May and July 2019. Multivariable analysis was applied in determining association of maternal lifestyle characteristics and birth outcomes.

Results

Both passive (AOR = 3.34, 95 % CI = 1.86–6.0, p < 0.001) and active smoking (AOR = 2.35, 95 % CI = 0.18–0.67, p = 0.002) had increased odds of preterm birth among post-delivery women. However, being minimally active (being moderately physically active) (AOR = 0.21, 95 % CI = 2.69–9.34, p < 0.001) and insufficient dietary intake during pregnancy (AOR = 0.53, 95 % CI = 1.93–6.60, p < 0.001) both had reduced odds of delivering by Caesarean section.

Conclusion

Both passive and active smoking in this study had a positive association with preterm birth. Being minimally active and having insufficient dietary intake during pregnancy was protective against Caesarean section delivery. Lifestyle modification during pregnancy should be advocated in mitigation of adverse birth outcomes.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting and associated factors among children in Robe Woreda, Ethiopia.

Method

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children in Robe District from March, 22 – April 22, 2021. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 901 under five children for the study. Data were collected using a structured pretested questionnaire and anthropometric measurement tools. We used Emergency Nutrition Assessment (ENA) software for anthropometric calculation and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to determine factors associated with stunting. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95 % confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association and a P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result

The overall prevalence of stunting among under-five children was 39.4 %[95 %CI; 36.2, 42.6 %]. Factors such as having large family size (AOR=1.75; 95 %CI:1.12–2.73), lack of latrine facility (AOR=5.36; 95 %CI: 3.32–8.65), history of diarrhea in last two weeks (AOR=2.80;95 % CI:1.80–4.35), pre-lacteal feeding (AOR=10.22; 95 % CI: 4.80–21.74), lack of animal product in daily consumption (AOR=3.43; 95 % CI: 2.13–5.53), lack of fruit in daily consumption (AOR=5.51; 95 % CI: 2.75–11.05) and absence of growth monitoring and promotion (AOR=1.72; 95 %CI:1.08–2.73) were associated with stunting in under-five children.

Conclusions

In this study, around two-fifths of under-five children were stunted. Thus, healthcare providers and caregivers should work on strengthening family planning utilization, enhancing dietary diversity, and improving sanitation and hygiene services to reduce the level of stunting among under-five children.

Background

Sleep disturbances in acute care settings pose challenges to patient recovery and well-being. Acute care facilities provide a unique context to explore these issues due to their diverse patient populations. Understanding the prevalence and nature of sleep disturbances is crucial for developing effective interventions tailored to the acute care setting.

Aim

Assess and mitigate of sleep disturbances in Egyptian Acute Care Settings among patients.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was utilized, involving 158 adult patients aged 18 and above with various medical conditions. Sleep assessments utilized the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Statistical analyses, including t-tests and ANOVA, were conducted using SPSS 26.

Results

The study, encompassed 158 patients, revealed several key findings: heightened sleep latency (p = 0.042) and a substantial increase in the Global PSQI Score (p = 0.018), indicated compromised overall sleep quality. Daytime sleepiness escalated across activities (p < 0.01), hinted at potential sleep-related issues. Additionally, occurrences of snoring, witnessed apnoea's, and daytime sleepiness significantly rose (p < 0.05), suggested the possibility of sleep-disordered breathing. Results from the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) underscored challenges across various sleep aspects (p < 0.01), highlighted the overall severity of insomnia symptoms (p = 0.001). These findings emphasized the necessity for targeted interventions to address these sleep disturbances.

Conclusion

The study underscored the significant impact of sleep disturbances on patients within Egyptian Acute Care Settings. With heightened sleep latency, compromised overall sleep quality, and increased daytime sleepiness observed among the patient cohort, there is a pressing need for tailored interventions to mitigate these issues.

Recommendations

Develop interventions tailored to address sleep disturbances, enhance healthcare provider awareness, and incorporate regular sleep assessments into patient care routines. Additionally, future research should evaluate the efficacy of these interventions within acute care environments.

Background

Nurses are in the forefront of the health care force and nursing is one of the most draining occupations causing emotional and physical exhaustion. Literature has shown that nurses working in a psychiatric hospital experience burnout more than those working in general hospitals. Even though nurses experience burnout in the workplace, they use different mechanisms to cope to improve nursing care. The study aims at exploring how they cope with burnout in the workplace.

Objective

To explore and describe the coping mechanisms that nurses use to improve coping with burnout in a psychiatric hospital in Botswana.

Setting and Sampling: Purposive sampling selected 10 nurses who were working in a certain psychiatric hospital in Botswana.

Methods

The study used a qualitative research design with explorative and descriptive approaches. Data collection was conducted by telephone due to the Covid-19 restrictions and a semi-structured guiding tool was utilised. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Four main themes emerged from the study namely, coping with burnout in a psychiatric hospital, factors contributing to burnout among nurses, manifestations of burnout and suggestions to improve burnout. Some of the coping sub-themes were debriefing with friends and colleagues, engaging in activities outside work and lastly playing board games with patients.

Conclusion

The study has shown that nurses use different coping mechanisms to deal with burnout including social support mechanisms.