International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences最新文献

Background

Male breast cancer remains largely unfamiliar to students, the general public, and healthcare professionals. In stark contrast, female breast cancer, being more prevalent, has garnered significant awareness across various demographics.

Objective

This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of male nursing students about male breast cancer and prevention measures.

Methods

A descriptive research design was employed for this study. The participant pool comprised 165 male nursing students enrolled in the nursing program at the College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. Data collection involved utilizing a participant identification form and a questionnaire, encompassing three primary sections addressing sociodemographic data, knowledge, and attitudes of the participants regarding male breast cancer and ways of prevention.

Results

The study revealed that the total mean score for knowledge among the participants regarding male breast cancer was 19.03±4.414. Additionally, the total mean score for their attitudes toward male breast cancer was 29.8±6.041. The analysis indicated a highly statistically significant association between the total knowledge scores and total attitude scores of the participants (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a notable and statistically significant relationship between the educational level of the participants and their total attitude scores.

Conclusion

Male nursing students lacked understanding about male breast cancer and had a poor attitude toward it.

Recommendation

These results provide a starting point for the creation of evidence-based, gender-specific health promotion and disease prevention strategies for men, while more research with bigger samples is required. Also, this study makes a significant contribution to the creation of an effective program meant to increase high nursing students' awareness of breast cancer and strategies to support their loved ones in the prevention and treatment of the disease.

Introduction

Nurses play a crucial role in providing healthcare services in prisons and psychiatric hospitals in Kosovo. In Kosovo, there are ten prison facilities with a capacity of 2500 inmates. At those facilities there are ten Prison Health Units with six Medical Clinics and three medical stationeries. At every PHU, basic healthcare services are offered round-the-clock.

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of nurses in providing healthcare services in prisons and psychiatric hospitals in Kosovo. The study aims to assess the workload and responsibilities of nurses and the quality of healthcare services they provide. Additionally, the study analyzes the management of health services in these institutions.

Methods

This study is based on statistical data from the Prison Health Service in Kosovo from 2013 to 2022. The study calculated statistical coefficients related to the number of nurses and healthcare staff per 1,000 prisoners.

Results

The study found that there were 10.09 nurses per 1,000 inmates in the 10 prison facilities in Kosovo, and the total number of medical staff per 1,000 inmates was 15.49. The ratio of physicians per 1,000 inmates was 3.05, indicating a relatively low number of physicians compared to nurses. The study also found a higher ratio of nursing staff to inmates, indicating more individualized attention and care.

Conclusions

The study concludes that nurses play a vital role in providing healthcare services in prisons and psychiatric hospitals in Kosovo. The study recommends hiring more physicians to improve the quality of healthcare services in prisons.

Background

Although healthcare personnel often face hazardous working conditions with potential exposures to a variety of toxic and infectious agents, adherence to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) protocols is quite low. Proper utilization of PPE safeguards health care providers from hazardous working conditions and increases patients' safety. However, there is a shortage of relevant studies yet to address this gap, especially in sub-Saharan regions.

Objective

The objective of the study was to determine knowledge, attitude, and practice on personal protective equipment utilization among healthcare workers.

Methods

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the participants selected using a simple random sampling technique. A logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the associated factors.

Result

The practice of PPE utilization was 78.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed educational status, marital status, overcrowding of the working department, and supply of PPE as independent predictors of KAP of PPE utilization.

Conclusion

Knowledge about PPE utilization was good; however, the practice of PPE utilization was low. Decreasing the workload of healthcare workers and improving PPE supply are demanded to boost the utilization of PPE.

The outcome of diabetes management depends on diabetes self-management practices, in which factors assisting or hindering self-care play an essential role. This study identified enablers and barriers to diabetes self-management in adults diagnosed with diabetes in Kenya. The adapted Kawa River model was applied to collect data during semi-structured group discussions (n = 6). Adults (n = 32) diagnosed with diabetes at two geographically distinct county hospitals were purposively selected. The integrated model of behaviour prediction formed the theoretical platform of the study, and data were deductively analysed according to the distal variables in the model. Thematic analysis identified specific categories as enablers and barriers to diabetes self-management. The duplicated categories are economic determinants, dietary factors, support networks, and emotional influences. Health and physical status were identified as additional barriers to diabetes self-management. Findings may be more widely applicable than the context of the presented study. Self-management in diabetes care plays a crucial role, more so due to the worldwide increase in the prevalence of diabetes.

Background

Nurse managers are expected to create an environment conducive to empowerment of nurses in mining primary healthcare clinics to improve patients’ outcomes. However, in a specific mining primary healthcare clinics there are seldom staff trainings and nurses has overwhelming working schedules.

Purpose

The aim of the study was to explore and describe the challenges of nurse managers in creating environment conducive to empowerment of nurses in mining primary healthcare clinics in South Africa.

Design and Methods

This study was underpinned by Winkler’s theoretical framework of leadership roles to create an environment conducive to empowerment. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to conduct this study in specific mining primary healthcare clinics in South Africa. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from ten nurse managers, and Giorgi’s thematic analysis method was employed to analyse data. An independent qualitative coder confirmed the study’s findings. Trustworthiness was maintained, and ethical principles were also applied throughout the study.

Findings

Three themes emerged from the analysed data: (1) training budget challenges; (2) training needs in mining primary healthcare clinics; (3) Legislation, training and development.

Discussion and conclusions

There are training budget challenges in mining primary healthcare clinics but nurse managers are not hindered by these challenges in creating an environment conducive to empowerment of nurses.

Background

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two methods commonly used to induce labor in women with an unfavorable cervix, which is Misoprostol and trans-cervical Foley catheterization.

Method

A total of 120 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria and were scheduled for induction were recruited for this study. Group 1 comprised 60 women who received the Foley catheter, and Group 2 comprised 60 women who received Misoprostol. The data analysis was done using SPSS version 25, and the student’s independent t-test and chi-square analysis were used to compare the means and proportions of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results

The results showed that 41 (68.3 %) participants in the Foley catheter group and 49 (81.7 %) participants in the Misoprostol group had a favorable cervix within 24 h. The mean time interval from the start of ripening to a favorable cervix was shorter in the Misoprostol group (10.27 + 2.506) than in the Foley catheter group (11.78 + 2.151). The successful outcome of the induction was 33 (80.5 %) in the Foley catheter group and 35 (71.4 %) in the Misoprostol group.

Conclusion and recommendation: misoprostol was a more effective method of cervical ripening than the Foley catheter, resulting in a higher rate of favorable cervix in a shorter time frame. Further research is recommended with different study designs and larger sample sizes.

Background

The global shortage of nurses is posing a significant threat to the provision and sustainability of quality health care services worldwide. The importance of nursing organizational culture and validated tools to accurately measure it, is of paramount importance in mitigation of this shortage, especially in Low- and middle-income-countries like Kenya.

Methodology

This was a cross-sectional online validation survey among 212 nursing personnel working in various healthcare facilities across Kenya. The aim of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the psychometric properties of the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index within the framework of nursing organizational culture in Kenya and determine how Kenyan nurses rate their organizational culture. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 28. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine reliability while Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were used to test validity.

Results

The 5-structure of Lake’s PES-NWI was unsupported by confirmatory factor analysis and a new 7-Factor Kenyan PES-NWI version was created. The new tool was reliable and with acceptable fit. Participants showed a mixed rating of their organizational culture with overall organizational culture largely rated neutral (M = 2.51, SD = 1.01).

Conclusion

The Kenyan PES-NWI is a valid and reliable tool that could be used to assess organizational culture. The study highlighted the critical need to further develop context-specific tools to accurately measure nursing organizational culture work environments particularly in Low and-Middle-Income countries like Kenya facing significant nursing shortages. As nursing becomes increasingly dynamic and complex, it is essential for nursing and healthcare researchers to re-validate research tools to continuously improve them.

Background

Supplemental oxygen therapy is one of the main therapies used to manage respiratory distress; it must be given in a way that is both safe and efficient. To provide standardized care, competency-based training should be designed to prioritize the practical skills and talents of the nurses over the provision of theoretical knowledge. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of competency-based training on nurses’ performance regarding oxygen administration safety for infants with respiratory disorders.

The setting

The study was conducted at the pediatric critical care units at Mansoura University Hospital. Design: The quasi-experimental study was used. The sample: A convenient sampling technique was used for recruiting pediatric critical care nurses and the infants who were admitted in the previous setting. Data collection: three tools were utilized in this study: the first was a structured interview questionnaire encompassing the socio-demographic characteristics of the studied nurses and infants. The second tool is nurses’ knowledge and an observation checklist to assess nurse practices regarding oxygen administration safety. The third tool, the nurse competence scale (NCS).

Results

pediatric critical care nurses’ standardization (knowledge, practice, and knowledge application) through pre- and post-intervention. It showed a marked improvement in mean score and standard deviation in the post compared to pre, and the total mean was in the post (15.9 ± 3.8) compared to pre (33.5 ± 7.2) with a p-value < 0.001.

Conclusion

After the implementation of the competency based training program regarding oxygen administration safety.

Recommendations.

To increase standardization in nursing care practices and produce the best patient outcomes, competency-based training should be applied to all aspects of health care delivery.

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