Childhood disorders are prevalent in children under the age of five worldwide, with South Africa reporting higher rates than other countries. In most cases, children under the age of five are treated in primary health care facilities by professional nurses.
AIMS
To synthesis the available evidence regarding perspectives of caregivers regarding the quality of care provided by professional nurses among children under five years in PHC setting.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted key words quality care, primary health care, caregiver’s perspective were used to search database, EBSCOhost databases, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL.
Results
The search yielded nine published papers appraised and published between 2010 and 2022.The following themes emerged from the scoping review, lack of confidentiality and stigmatization, lack of resources and access of health. Professional qualities of professional nurses and the support needs for care givers of under five years.
Conclusion
This indicates that there is a need for developing strategies that can be used to improve the quality of care for children under the age of five consulting in a primary health care setting by incorporating care giver perspectives.
儿童疾病在全世界五岁以下儿童中普遍存在，南非报告的发病率高于其他国家。在大多数情况下，5岁以下儿童在初级卫生保健设施由专业护士治疗。目的：综合现有的证据，从护理人员的角度对专业护士在初级保健环境中为五岁以下儿童提供的护理质量进行评价。方法采用检索数据库、EBSCOhost数据库、Scopus数据库、PsycINFO数据库、Web of Science数据库、MEDLINE数据库、CINAHL数据库等检索关键词：质量护理、初级卫生保健、护理者视角。结果检索到2010年至2022年间发表的9篇论文。范围审查产生了以下主题：缺乏保密和污名化、缺乏资源和获得保健的机会。专业护士的专业素质与五岁以下照护者的支持需求。结论在初级卫生保健机构中，有必要制定策略，通过纳入护理者的观点来提高5岁以下儿童咨询的护理质量。
{"title":"The perspectives of caregivers regarding the quality of care provided by professional nurses among children under five years in primary health care setting: A scoping review","authors":"Felicia Omphemetse Meno, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, Nombulelo Veronica Sepeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Childhood disorders are prevalent in children under the age of five worldwide, with South Africa reporting higher rates than other countries. In most cases, children under the age of five are treated in primary health care facilities by professional nurses.</div></div><div><h3>AIMS</h3><div>To synthesis the available evidence regarding perspectives of caregivers regarding the quality of care provided by professional nurses among children under five years in PHC setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted key words quality care, primary health care, caregiver’s perspective were used to search database, EBSCOhost databases, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The search yielded nine published papers appraised and published between 2010 and 2022.The following themes emerged from the scoping review, lack of confidentiality and stigmatization, lack of resources and access of health. Professional qualities of professional nurses and the support needs for care givers of under five years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This indicates that there is a need for developing strategies that can be used to improve the quality of care for children under the age of five consulting in a primary health care setting by incorporating care giver perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100926
Prince Owusu Adoma , Francis Acquah , Charles Owusu-Aduomi Botchwey , Fred Yao Gbagbo , Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang
Introduction
The transition from facility-based care to patient-centred care for hypertension is a growing global trend. Self-management strategies are crucial in this shift, given that many chronic conditions lack cure and require effective long-term management. This study explores behaviours that influence the success of self-management of hypertension among the Ghanaian population.
Method
A phenomenological study design grounded in a constructivist approach was employed. Thirty-seven hypertensive patients on regular treatment were recruited based on theme saturation. An in-depth interview guide developed from literature and thoroughly pretested was used. All interviews were held face-to-face and the responses were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed using Atlas.ti software.
Results
The findings highlighted the use of several self-management strategies for hypertension control. The strategies were mainly behavioural which included anti-hypertensive medication (AHM), DASH diet, physical exercise, smoking, alcohol use and self-monitoring blood pressure (BP) at home. However, consistency and proper use of the behaviours were lacking due to inadequate knowledge, carelessness, high cost of living and poverty. Frequently used behaviours were AHM, no smoking and no alcohol use. Also, the female participants had no history of smoking, and none of them was found to be alcoholic, although some admitted to have consumed alcohol occasionally. The level of adherence to self-management behaviours for AHM intake, consumption of a DASH diet, engagement in physical exercise and ambulatory BP monitoring at home were poor.
Conclusions
To address the identified gaps in knowledge and non-adherence to adaptive behaviour, providing financial support, tailored health education programmes that focus on self-management behaviour for hypertension control are strongly recommended. Rolling out policies that make the healthy choice the easy choice in managing hypertension need to be given a priority to promote a healthy behaviour.
{"title":"Self-managed hypertension: a phenomenological assessment of patients’ treatment behaviours in Ghana","authors":"Prince Owusu Adoma , Francis Acquah , Charles Owusu-Aduomi Botchwey , Fred Yao Gbagbo , Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The transition from facility-based care to patient-centred care for hypertension is a growing global trend. Self-management strategies are crucial in this shift, given that many chronic conditions lack cure and require effective long-term management. This study explores behaviours that influence the success of self-management of hypertension among the Ghanaian population.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A phenomenological study design grounded in a constructivist approach was employed. Thirty-seven hypertensive patients on regular treatment were recruited based on theme saturation. An in-depth interview guide developed from literature and thoroughly pretested was used. All interviews were held face-to-face and the responses were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed using Atlas.ti software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings highlighted the use of several self-management strategies for hypertension control. The strategies were mainly behavioural which included anti-hypertensive medication (AHM), DASH diet, physical exercise, smoking, alcohol use and self-monitoring blood pressure (BP) at home. However, consistency and proper use of the behaviours were lacking due to inadequate knowledge, carelessness, high cost of living and poverty. Frequently used behaviours were AHM, no smoking and no alcohol use. Also, the female participants had no history of smoking, and none of them was found to be alcoholic, although some admitted to have consumed alcohol occasionally. The level of adherence to self-management behaviours for AHM intake, consumption of a DASH diet, engagement in physical exercise and ambulatory BP monitoring at home were poor.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To address the identified gaps in knowledge and non-adherence to adaptive behaviour, providing financial support, tailored health education programmes that focus on self-management behaviour for hypertension control are strongly recommended. Rolling out policies that make the healthy choice the easy choice in managing hypertension need to be given a priority to promote a healthy behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100928
Tahereh Jafari , Fatemeh Rajati , Mohsen Kazeminia , Negin Rezavand , Mojgan Rajati
Introduction
Preparation for the birth of a healthy baby is crucial for reducing maternal mortality and enhancing women’s childbirth experiences. Maternal readiness for childbirth is influenced by various factors, including awareness, social support, and cognitive aspects. This study aimed to evaluate the level of childbirth readiness and identify its associated socio-demographic and obstetrical factors among pregnant women referred to Moatezadi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included all pregnant women who presented at Moatezadi Hospital for childbirth. After reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a demographic information questionnaire and a Childbirth Readiness Scale (CRS)-child questionnaire were administered to assess the women’s readiness for childbirth, along with a checklist for related factors. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 statistical software.
Results
A total of 400 pregnant women were included in the study, with a mean age of 30.46 ± 11.65 years. The results revealed that the awareness of warning signs during pregnancy was rated as good in 50 % of the women, average in 45 %, and poor in 5 %. Regarding awareness of labor warning signs, 42.8 % rated it as good, 47.8 % as average, and 9.3 % as poor. The level of readiness for labor significantly correlated with increasing age, higher education levels, prior deliveries, improved economic status, and greater awareness of danger signs during pregnancy (P < 0.001). However, the number of prenatal visits did not correlate with women’s readiness levels (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
The readiness of pregnant women is associated with socioeconomic status, previous delivery experiences, and various other factors. As maternal readiness plays a pivotal role in the delivery process, it is recommended to enhance relevant variables, such as women’s awareness and education, to improve outcomes.
{"title":"Readiness of pregnant women for birth and associated factors among women attending Moatezadi Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran (2022)","authors":"Tahereh Jafari , Fatemeh Rajati , Mohsen Kazeminia , Negin Rezavand , Mojgan Rajati","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Preparation for the birth of a healthy baby is crucial for reducing maternal mortality and enhancing women’s childbirth experiences. Maternal readiness for childbirth is influenced by various factors, including awareness, social support, and cognitive aspects. This study aimed to evaluate the level of childbirth readiness and identify its associated socio-demographic and obstetrical factors among pregnant women referred to Moatezadi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included all pregnant women who presented at Moatezadi Hospital for childbirth. After reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a demographic information questionnaire and a Childbirth Readiness Scale (CRS)-child questionnaire were administered to assess the women’s readiness for childbirth, along with a checklist for related factors. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 statistical software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 400 pregnant women were included in the study, with a mean age of 30.46 ± 11.65 years. The results revealed that the awareness of warning signs during pregnancy was rated as good in 50 % of the women, average in 45 %, and poor in 5 %. Regarding awareness of labor warning signs, 42.8 % rated it as good, 47.8 % as average, and 9.3 % as poor. The level of readiness for labor significantly correlated with increasing age, higher education levels, prior deliveries, improved economic status, and greater awareness of danger signs during pregnancy (P < 0.001). However, the number of prenatal visits did not correlate with women’s readiness levels (P > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The readiness of pregnant women is associated with socioeconomic status, previous delivery experiences, and various other factors. As maternal readiness plays a pivotal role in the delivery process, it is recommended to enhance relevant variables, such as women’s awareness and education, to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100927
Nomonde Ditshetelo , Lauren Snell-Hillermann , Dudu Sokhela
Context: Caregivers are considered to be highly affected by adolescents who abuse drugs. Drug abuse by adolescents, especially in schools, is now a worldwide societal problem, and it has devastating effects on the ability of families and caregivers to function.
Aim
The study aimed to explore the psychosocial effects of caregivers living with an adolescent who abuses drugs.
Methods
Face-to-face interviews were conducted by using purposive sampling. Fifteen (15) caregivers were recruited from four purposively chosen Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Audio-recorded interviews were translated, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
The themes identified were related to caregivers’ lived experiences of living with an adolescent who abuses drugs. Results show that the behaviour of these adolescents created an environment that led to feelings of shame and embarrassment, family disintegration, conflicts, communication breakdown, suicidal feelings, and stress-related ailments of these caregivers. Participants experienced personal challenges, which included psychological and emotional effects of fear, stress, pain, and self-blame. Participants also highlighted family disruptions and financial drain as a result of their adolescent behaviour.
Conclusion.
Participants experienced personal challenges, which included psychological and emotional effects of fear, stress, pain, and self-blame. Participants also highlighted family disruptions and financial drain as a result of their adolescent behaviour. The findings underscore the need for efforts to be directed at the development of formal support interventions for caregivers of adolescents who are affected by this public health scourge.
{"title":"Exploring the biopsychosocial effects of caregivers living with adolescents who abuse drugs","authors":"Nomonde Ditshetelo , Lauren Snell-Hillermann , Dudu Sokhela","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Context:</em> Caregivers are considered to be highly affected by adolescents who abuse drugs. Drug abuse by adolescents, especially in schools, is now a worldwide societal problem, and it has devastating effects on the ability of families and caregivers to function.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The study aimed to explore the psychosocial effects of caregivers living with an adolescent who abuses drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Face-to-face interviews were conducted by using purposive sampling. Fifteen (15) caregivers were recruited from four purposively chosen Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Audio-recorded interviews were translated, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The themes identified were related to caregivers’ lived experiences of living with an adolescent who abuses drugs. Results show that the behaviour of these adolescents created an environment that led to feelings of shame and embarrassment, family disintegration, conflicts, communication breakdown, suicidal feelings, and stress-related ailments of these caregivers. Participants experienced personal challenges, which included psychological and emotional effects of fear, stress, pain, and self-blame. Participants also highlighted family disruptions and financial drain as a result of their adolescent behaviour.</div><div>Conclusion.</div><div>Participants experienced personal challenges, which included psychological and emotional effects of fear, stress, pain, and self-blame. Participants also highlighted family disruptions and financial drain as a result of their adolescent behaviour. The findings underscore the need for efforts to be directed at the development of formal support interventions for caregivers of adolescents who are affected by this public health scourge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100917
N. Mohsenzadeh , M. Ajri-Khameslou , M. Aghamohammadi
Background
Nurses spend a significant amount of time caring for patients with COVID-19. This can result in increased fatigue and decreased performance in nurses. This study was conducted to determine the predictors of fatigue among nurses working in COVID-19 wards in Ardabil, Iran.
Method
This cross-sectional study included 231 nurses who worked in the COVID-19 wards of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences from May to September 2021. The census method was used to select the samples. The “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support,” the “NASA-TLX workload,” the “Nurse Job Stress,” and the “Nurse Fatigue Scale” were used to collect data. SPSS v.15 and descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis) statistical methods were employed to analyze the data.
Results
The mean score for nurses’ fatigue was 67.55 ± 14.06, social support was 44.71 ± 7.86, the workload was 57.50 ± 14.23, and job stress was 81.54 ± 18.40. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that social support (p = 0.003), workload (p < 0.001), and work shift (p = 0.002) exhibited a significant relationship with fatigue among nurses working in COVID-19 wards so that 19/1% of the nurses’ fatigue in these wards was predicted by the above variables.
Conclusion
Given the significant relationship between workload, work shift, and social support and fatigue, nursing managers should arrange shifts flexibly and use low rotational shifts to reduce nurses’ fatigue. Additionally, the number of patients per nurse should be decreased to reduce nurses’ workload on the wards. Moreover, health authorities should increase social support for nurses by sharing work experiences, listening to nurses’ concerns, and providing empathic support.
Implications for nursing practice
Given the importance of the nursing profession and the knowledge that nurse fatigue and its related factors directly affect the organization’s ability to properly care for patients, using the results of this study, appropriate management measures can be taken to reduce nurse fatigue and thereby improve nurse satisfaction and the quality of nursing care.
{"title":"The predictors of fatigue among Iranian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"N. Mohsenzadeh , M. Ajri-Khameslou , M. Aghamohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nurses spend a significant amount of time caring for patients with COVID-19. This can result in increased fatigue and decreased performance in nurses. This study was conducted to determine the predictors of fatigue among nurses working in COVID-19 wards in Ardabil, Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 231 nurses who worked in the COVID-19 wards of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences from May to September 2021. The census method was used to select the samples. The “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support,” the “NASA-TLX workload,” the “Nurse Job Stress,” and the “Nurse Fatigue Scale” were used to collect data. SPSS v.15 and descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (independent <em>t</em>-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis) statistical methods were employed to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean score for nurses’ fatigue was 67.55 ± 14.06, social support was 44.71 ± 7.86, the workload was 57.50 ± 14.23, and job stress was 81.54 ± 18.40. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that social support (p = 0.003), workload (p < 0.001), and work shift (p = 0.002) exhibited a significant relationship with fatigue among nurses working in COVID-19 wards so that 19/1% of the nurses’ fatigue in these wards was predicted by the above variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the significant relationship between workload, work shift, and social support and fatigue, nursing managers should arrange shifts flexibly and use low rotational shifts to reduce nurses’ fatigue. Additionally, the number of patients per nurse should be decreased to reduce nurses’ workload on the wards. Moreover, health authorities should increase social support for nurses by sharing work experiences, listening to nurses’ concerns, and providing empathic support.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for nursing practice</h3><div>Given the importance of the nursing profession and the knowledge that nurse fatigue and its related factors directly affect the organization’s ability to properly care for patients, using the results of this study, appropriate management measures can be taken to reduce nurse fatigue and thereby improve nurse satisfaction and the quality of nursing care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Validity of the self-reported data is very important. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of maternal self-reported antibiotic use in children aged 0–6 years in Iran by comparing it with prescription data from insurance records.
Methods
A total of 1483 children aged between 0 and 6 years were recruited in this study. We used stratified random sampling to determine recruitment criteria. Self-reported data of consumption of antibiotics was collected by interviewing with mothers. The prescribing data gathered through using the information registered in the insurance records as gold standard. Statistical parameters which were calculated included Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV. The confidence interval of 95 % was computed for these indices.
Results
Mean age of the children was 2.1 ± 1.5 years, and 52 % were girls. Maternal self-reported consumption of antibiotic among children estimated 62 %. Consumption of antibiotic based on the insurance records was seen in 3 % of the participants. The Sensitivity of maternal self-reported consumption of antibiotic among children was 72 % (95 % CI 57.5–83.8) and the PPV was 3.89 % (95 % CI 2.74–5.34). Specificity and NPV were calculated to be 37.9 % (95 % CI 35.4–40.5) and 97.5 % (95 % CI 95.8–98.6) in total population. In the parameters including suffering from chronic diseases, Self-reported awareness of antibiotic resistance, Mother as housekeeper, Specificity and NPV varied between 18.7 % and 97.5 % and the Sensitivity and PPV of were obtained between 2.86 % and 81.3 %.
Conclusion
The validity of self-reported antibiotic consumption in this population was low. Thence, self-reported antibiotic consumption should be given with discretion.
自我报告数据的有效性非常重要。本研究的主要目的是通过与保险记录中的处方数据进行比较，评估伊朗0-6岁儿童中母亲自我报告的抗生素使用情况的准确性。方法本研究共招募0 ~ 6岁儿童1483例。我们采用分层随机抽样来确定招聘标准。通过对母亲的访谈收集抗生素使用的自我报告数据。以保险记录中登记的信息为金标准收集的处方数据。计算的统计参数包括敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV。对这些指标计算了95%的置信区间。结果患儿平均年龄2.1±1.5岁，女童占52%。据估计，62%的儿童服用了母亲自我报告的抗生素。根据保险记录，3%的参与者使用抗生素。母亲自我报告的儿童抗生素消费敏感性为72% (95% CI 57.5-83.8)， PPV为3.89% （95% CI 2.74-5.34）。特异性和净pv在总人口中分别为37.9% （95% CI 35.4-40.5）和97.5% （95% CI 95.8-98.6）。在慢性疾病患者、自我报告的抗生素耐药意识、母亲作为管家、特异性和NPV在18.7% ~ 97.5%之间，敏感性和PPV在2.86% ~ 81.3%之间。结论该人群自报抗菌药物使用的效度较低。因此，自我报告的抗生素用量应该谨慎。
{"title":"Validity of maternal self-reported antibiotic consumption in children: A population-based study","authors":"Javad Nazari , Nahid Chezani-Sharahi , Yeganeh Karimi , Mobin Naghshbandi , Rahmatollah Moradzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Validity of the self-reported data is very important. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of maternal self-reported antibiotic use in children aged 0–6 years in Iran by comparing it with prescription data from insurance records.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1483 children aged between 0 and 6 years were recruited in this study. We used stratified random sampling to determine recruitment criteria. Self-reported data of consumption of antibiotics was collected by interviewing with mothers. The prescribing data gathered through using the information registered in the insurance records as gold standard. Statistical parameters which were calculated included Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV. The confidence interval of 95 % was computed for these indices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age of the children was 2.1 ± 1.5 years, and 52 % were girls. Maternal self-reported consumption of antibiotic among children estimated 62 %. Consumption of antibiotic based on the insurance records was seen in 3 % of the participants. The Sensitivity of maternal self-reported consumption of antibiotic among children was 72 % (95 % CI 57.5–83.8) and the PPV was 3.89 % (95 % CI 2.74–5.34). Specificity and NPV were calculated to be 37.9 % (95 % CI 35.4–40.5) and 97.5 % (95 % CI 95.8–98.6) in total population. In the parameters including suffering from chronic diseases, Self-reported awareness of antibiotic resistance, Mother as housekeeper, Specificity and NPV varied between 18.7 % and 97.5 % and the Sensitivity and PPV of were obtained between 2.86 % and 81.3 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The validity of self-reported antibiotic consumption in this population was low. Thence, self-reported antibiotic consumption should be given with discretion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100826
Judith Bentil , Vida Ocloo , Gideon Awenabisa Atanuriba , Comfort Baaba De Graft
Purpose
Maternal deaths continue to remain unacceptably high in many resourced-constrained countries. There is a proliferation of literature about the effects of these deaths on families, communities, and nations but less on the impact of maternal deaths on midwives who directly attend to the women. Our current study seeks to explore the impact of MM on the well-being, practices and profession development of midwives in Ghana.
To explore and describe the effects of maternal deaths on midwives.
Methods
A descriptive qualitative study among midwives who have encountered maternal mortality (ies) and were audited from a referral hospital in the Bono region of Ghana. The sample size was determined by data saturation at the 12th interviewed participant using a semi-structured interview guide based on themes from earlier unstructured piloted interviews and published literature on the phenomenon. Thematic analysis was conducted. We achieved rigor through data collection and analytical triangulation, peer debriefs, and prolonged engagement with participants for validation of their descriptions.
Results
Three themes were constructed, these were physical effects, psychological trauma, and professional distress.
Conclusions
Maternal deaths and the audit process affect midwives’ heath thus physically, psychologically, and professionally. System strengthening to provide support to midwives who encounter maternal deaths is highly suggested.
{"title":"“…we suffer the trauma, yet we soldier on” midwives’ narrations of the effects of maternal deaths on their lives","authors":"Judith Bentil , Vida Ocloo , Gideon Awenabisa Atanuriba , Comfort Baaba De Graft","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Maternal deaths continue to remain unacceptably high in many resourced-constrained countries. There is a proliferation of literature about the effects of these deaths on families, communities, and nations but less on the impact of maternal deaths on midwives who directly attend to the women. Our current study seeks to explore the impact of MM on the well-being, practices and profession development of midwives in Ghana.</div><div>To explore and describe the effects of maternal deaths on midwives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive qualitative study among midwives who have encountered maternal mortality (ies) and were audited from a referral hospital in the Bono region of Ghana. The sample size was determined by data saturation at the 12th interviewed participant using a semi-structured interview guide based on themes from earlier unstructured piloted interviews and published literature on the phenomenon. Thematic analysis was conducted. We achieved rigor through data collection and analytical triangulation, peer debriefs, and prolonged engagement with participants for validation of their descriptions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three themes were constructed, these were physical effects, psychological trauma, and professional distress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maternal deaths and the audit process affect midwives’ heath thus physically, psychologically, and professionally. System strengthening to provide support to midwives who encounter maternal deaths is highly suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral care is a fundamental nursing procedure that has a good impact on a patient’s overall health. Ineffective patients’ oral care has big oral health consequences like oral diseases, difficulty of chewing and swallowing for fluid and diet intakes in general. Although oral health diseases can result in physical, functional, social, emotional, and mental health of the patient, it is given little attention.
Objective
The study aims to assess nurses’ patient oral care practice level and its associated factors in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, 2024.
Methods
Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to assess 330 nurses, chosen through convenience sampling technique. Data were collected by using adapted, structured and self-administered questionnaires. The effect of independent variables on the outcome variables was explored by using logistic regression analyses. The levels of significance were determined using an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.
Results
Of the total 330 study participants, 310 participated with a response rate of 93.9 %. Among the participants, 52.9 % (95 %CI; 47–58) had a good patient oral care practice level. Based on the multivariate analysis, took training (AOR = 1.74; 95 %CI: 1.09, 2.77; p = 0.02) and being female Nurses (AOR = 1.88; 95 %CI: 1.18, 3.00; p = 0.01) were significantly associated with oral care practice of nurses.
Conclusions
The finding of this study showed that oral care practice level of nurses was poor. Took training and sex of participants were statistically significant with the nurses’ practice level towards patients’ oral care.
{"title":"Practice and associated factors of nurses’ towards patients’ oral care in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Yeshiambaw Eshetie , YohannesTesfahun Kassie , Demewoz Kefale","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Oral care is a fundamental nursing procedure that has a good impact on a patient’s overall health. Ineffective patients’ oral care has big oral health consequences like oral diseases, difficulty of chewing and swallowing for fluid and diet intakes in general. Although oral health diseases can result in physical, functional, social, emotional, and mental health of the patient, it is given little attention.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aims to assess nurses’ patient oral care practice level and its associated factors in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to assess 330 nurses, chosen through convenience sampling technique. Data were collected by using adapted, structured and self-administered questionnaires. The effect of independent variables on the outcome variables was explored by using logistic regression analyses. The levels of significance were determined using an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total 330 study participants, 310 participated with a response rate of 93.9 %. Among the participants, 52.9 % (95 %CI; 47–58) had a good patient oral care practice level. Based on the multivariate analysis, took training (AOR = 1.74; 95 %CI: 1.09, 2.77; p = 0.02) and being female Nurses (AOR = 1.88; 95 %CI: 1.18, 3.00; p = 0.01) were significantly associated with oral care practice of nurses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The finding of this study showed that oral care practice level of nurses was poor. Took training and sex of participants were statistically significant with the nurses’ practice level towards patients’ oral care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100844
Michael Clinton , Jacqueline Maria Dias , Myrna A. Doumit , Mohamad Alameddine , Murielle Mardi , Karen Bou- Karroum
Background
Since October 2019, Lebanon has been immersed in political paralysis and economic crisis. Rising inflation and financial distress have added to the stressors on university students. Sharjah is a wealthy and politically stable state in the United Arab Emirates. Investigators have researched the impact of COVID-19 on university students but have yet to compare campus closure effects on students in crisis-torn and high-income countries. Accordingly, the study aimed to compare students’ perceptions of online learning, prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and burnout, and life satisfaction, resilience, and engagement scores following campus closures in Lebanon and Sharjah.
Methods
The electronic anonymous survey was conducted from November 2021 to July 2022. The 370 participants were 232 undergraduates, 37 nursing students in Lebanon, and 101 nursing students in Sharjah. The students in Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, the Mann-Whitney U, and Hotelling T-tests were used. Parametric test results were interpreted for non-equal sample sizes.
Results
All the non-nursing students in Lebanon and 87.1 % of the nursing students in Sharjah screened positive for anxiety. Students in Sharjah had a higher prevalence of depression than undergraduates and nursing students in Lebanon (92.7 % versus 90.5 % and 87.4 %). Undergraduates had a higher prevalence of high burnout than nursing students in Lebanon and Sharjah (83.2 % versus 54.1 % and 53.5 %). The effect sizes for differences between students’ mean scores in Lebanon and Sharjah were life satisfaction η2 = 0.13, anxiety = η2 = 0.09, and high burnout 2 = 0.06. There were no statistically significant location effects for depression, engagement, or resilience. Students in Lebanon were more concerned about online learning than students in Sharjah (p = 0<.001). Final-year students in Lebanon were more concerned about their post-graduation prospects than others (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and high burnout in Lebanon and Sharjah indicate the need for whole-of-institution strategies to build healthy campus cultures. Students who screen positive for anxiety, depression, or high burnout require professional mental health assessment and access to evidence-based interventions. Online resources are available to supplement institutional resources, promote best practices, and encourage continuous innovation.
{"title":"Campus closures and students’ mental health in Lebanon and Sharjah: A comparative cross-sectional study","authors":"Michael Clinton , Jacqueline Maria Dias , Myrna A. Doumit , Mohamad Alameddine , Murielle Mardi , Karen Bou- Karroum","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Since October 2019, Lebanon has been immersed in political paralysis and economic crisis. Rising inflation and financial distress have added to the stressors on university students. Sharjah is a wealthy and politically stable state in the United Arab Emirates. Investigators have researched the impact of COVID-19 on university students but have yet to compare campus closure effects on students in crisis-torn and high-income countries. Accordingly, the study aimed to compare students’ perceptions of online learning, prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and burnout, and life satisfaction, resilience, and engagement scores following campus closures in Lebanon and Sharjah.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The electronic anonymous survey was conducted from November 2021 to July 2022. The 370 participants were 232 undergraduates, 37 nursing students in Lebanon, and 101 nursing students in Sharjah. The students in Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, the Mann-Whitney U, and Hotelling T-tests were used. Parametric test results were interpreted for non-equal sample sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All the non-nursing students in Lebanon and 87.1 % of the nursing students in Sharjah screened positive for anxiety. Students in Sharjah had a higher prevalence of depression than undergraduates and nursing students in Lebanon (92.7 % versus 90.5 % and 87.4 %). Undergraduates had a higher prevalence of high burnout than nursing students in Lebanon and Sharjah (83.2 % versus 54.1 % and 53.5 %). The effect sizes for differences between students’ mean scores in Lebanon and Sharjah were life satisfaction η2 = 0.13, anxiety = η2 = 0.09, and high burnout 2 = 0.06. There were no statistically significant location effects for depression, engagement, or resilience. Students in Lebanon were more concerned about online learning than students in Sharjah (p = 0<.001). Final-year students in Lebanon were more concerned about their post-graduation prospects than others (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and high burnout in Lebanon and Sharjah indicate the need for whole-of-institution strategies to build healthy campus cultures. Students who screen positive for anxiety, depression, or high burnout require professional mental health assessment and access to evidence-based interventions. Online resources are available to supplement institutional resources, promote best practices, and encourage continuous innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and illness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, research on CVD prevalence and risk factors in T2DM patients in Ethiopia is limited.
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CVD and its associated factors among T2DM patients in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods and materials
We conducted a cross-sectional study from February 15 to March 15, 2022, involving 317 participants selected via simple random sampling from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Saint Paul’s Hospital, and Sheba Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software version 24, employing both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
Of the 310 respondents, 54.5 % were female, and 42.6 % were aged 59 to 71 years. The study found a CVD prevalence of 25.5 %, with 31.6 % having coronary artery disease, 12.7 % peripheral artery disease, 8.9 % stroke, and 8.9 % heart failure. Significant associations with CVD were found for alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, hypertension, and obesity.
Conclusion and recommendations
This study reveals a high prevalence of CVD among T2DM patients in Addis Ababa. To enhance patient health, it is essential to promote weight reduction, regular physical activity, cessation of alcohol use, and effective hypertension management.
{"title":"The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Mulatua Yeshitla, Teshome Habte, Zeleke Argaw, Negalign Getahun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and illness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, research on CVD prevalence and risk factors in T2DM patients in Ethiopia is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CVD and its associated factors among T2DM patients in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study from February 15 to March 15, 2022, involving 317 participants selected via simple random sampling from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Saint Paul’s Hospital, and Sheba Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software version 24, employing both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 310 respondents, 54.5 % were female, and 42.6 % were aged 59 to 71 years. The study found a CVD prevalence of 25.5 %, with 31.6 % having coronary artery disease, 12.7 % peripheral artery disease, 8.9 % stroke, and 8.9 % heart failure. Significant associations with CVD were found for alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, hypertension, and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><div>This study reveals a high prevalence of CVD among T2DM patients in Addis Ababa. To enhance patient health, it is essential to promote weight reduction, regular physical activity, cessation of alcohol use, and effective hypertension management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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