The study aimed to identify and explore the perceived risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among nurses and midwives in two major referral hospitals in Northern Ghana.
Design
The study employed a cross-sectional, explanatory sequential mixed method among 303 surveyed respondents and interviewed 15 participants in the selected hospitals.
Results
Perceived risk factors for MSDs ranged from extremely high to moderate. Lack of required working equipment was rated the highest risk (x = 1.79, SD = 1.0, on a 1–5 scale, with 1 indicating an extremely high risk), followed by working in awkward positions (x = 1.88, SD = 0.95), and assuming the same posture for prolonged periods (x = 2.06, SD = 1.11). The qualitative findings further revealed an interplay of factors. Inadequate infrastructure and equipment exacerbated physical strain, while high workloads and stress (psychosocial factors) worsened these risks.
Conclusion
The study highlights prolonged awkward postures, high work stress, and inadequate equipment/training as major contributors to MSDs in Northern Ghana. It is recommended that improving ergonomic infrastructure and providing regular MSD prevention training (particularly on proper body mechanics) should be the focus of any intervention to reduce these risks.
{"title":"Perceived Risk Factors of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses and Midwives in Northern Ghana: An Exploratory Mixed-Method Study","authors":"Collins Gbeti , Edward Abasimi , Abdul-Manaf Mutaru , Abukari Wumbei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The study aimed to identify and explore the perceived risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among nurses and midwives in two major referral hospitals in Northern Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The study employed a cross-sectional, explanatory sequential mixed method among 303 surveyed respondents and interviewed 15 participants in the selected hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceived risk factors for MSDs ranged from extremely high to moderate. Lack of required working equipment was rated the highest risk (x = 1.79, SD = 1.0, on a 1–5 scale, with 1 indicating an extremely high risk), followed by working in awkward positions (x = 1.88, SD = 0.95), and assuming the same posture for prolonged periods (x = 2.06, SD = 1.11). The qualitative findings further revealed an interplay of factors. Inadequate infrastructure and equipment exacerbated physical strain, while high workloads and stress (psychosocial factors) worsened these risks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights prolonged awkward postures, high work stress, and inadequate equipment/training as major contributors to MSDs in Northern Ghana. It is recommended that improving ergonomic infrastructure and providing regular MSD prevention training (particularly on proper body mechanics) should be the focus of any intervention to reduce these risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100977"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100975
Titus Tabuoronombo , Cecilia Eliason , William Wilberforce Amoah , Edward Appiah Boateng , Augustina Amoah
Background
Primary assessment is crucial for effective emergency care delivery. In Ghana, emergency care systems face significant challenges compared to developed nations. This study aimed to explore emergency nurses’ knowledge, current practices, and implementation challenges regarding primary assessment frameworks for trauma patients in a specific district hospital in Ghana.
Methods
An exploratory qualitative design with semi-structured in-depth interviews was employed. Fifteen emergency nurses from a district hospital in the Volta Region of Ghana participated. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached at 10 participants, though all 15 interviews were completed for comprehensiveness.
Results
Three main themes with corresponding subthemes emerged: knowledge of primary assessment, challenges in assessment implementation, and framework utilization experiences. Participants demonstrated fair knowledge of primary assessment principles but limited familiarity with the HIRAID framework, primarily using the ABCDE approach instead. Major challenges included inadequate training, insufficient equipment, and lack of standardized protocols. Despite these challenges, participants recognized the potential value of implementing comprehensive assessment frameworks like HIRAID to enhance emergency care quality.
Conclusion
Emergency nurses in this Ghanaian district hospital possess basic knowledge of primary assessment but face significant implementation challenges. Addressing resource limitations and providing specialized training could enhance the quality of emergency care delivery. Hospital management should consider adopting structured frameworks like HIRAID to standardize assessment practices and improve patient outcomes.
{"title":"Exploration of utilization of primary assessment among nurses at the emergency unit of a district hospital in Ghana","authors":"Titus Tabuoronombo , Cecilia Eliason , William Wilberforce Amoah , Edward Appiah Boateng , Augustina Amoah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Primary assessment is crucial for effective emergency care delivery. In Ghana, emergency care systems face significant challenges compared to developed nations. This study aimed to explore emergency nurses’ knowledge, current practices, and implementation challenges regarding primary assessment frameworks for trauma patients in a specific district hospital in Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An exploratory qualitative design with semi-structured in-depth interviews was employed. Fifteen emergency nurses from a district hospital in the Volta Region of Ghana participated. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached at 10 participants, though all 15 interviews were completed for comprehensiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three main themes with corresponding subthemes emerged: knowledge of primary assessment, challenges in assessment implementation, and framework utilization experiences. Participants demonstrated fair knowledge of primary assessment principles but limited familiarity with the HIRAID framework, primarily using the ABCDE approach instead. Major challenges included inadequate training, insufficient equipment, and lack of standardized protocols. Despite these challenges, participants recognized the potential value of implementing comprehensive assessment frameworks like HIRAID to enhance emergency care quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Emergency nurses in this Ghanaian district hospital possess basic knowledge of primary assessment but face significant implementation challenges. Addressing resource limitations and providing specialized training could enhance the quality of emergency care delivery. Hospital management should consider adopting structured frameworks like HIRAID to standardize assessment practices and improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among mechanically ventilated patients. However, limited data exist from African countries, including Ethiopia. This study assessed the prevalence, associated factors, and outcomes of VAP among adult patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) of comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted, and charts of 331 randomly selected patients were reviewed. Data were collected using a structured data extraction tool, entered into EpiData version 4.6.0, and analyzed with STATA version 14. Binary logistic regression was employed, and variables with p < 0.05 at 95 % confidence interval were considered statistically significant.
Results
The prevalence of VAP among mechanically ventilated patients was 19.6 % (95 % CI: 15.7, 23.9). Among these patients, 76.9 % died in the ICU, 15.4 % were transferred to wards, 3.2 % were referred, 3.2 % left against medical advice, and only 1.5 % were discharged home. Significant predictors of VAP included sepsis (AOR = 2.87), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score < 8 (AOR = 3.23), mechanical ventilation > 7 days (AOR = 4.14), and previous history of mechanical ventilation (AOR = 4.60).
Conclusion and recommendations
The prevalence of VAP among ICU patients was high, with mortality exceeding three-fourths. Preventive measures should be prioritized, particularly for patients with sepsis, prolonged ventilation, low GCS, or previous mechanical ventilation. Strengthening infection control protocols and early weaning strategies is recommended.
{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia among adults on mechanical ventilation in ICUs of specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Mengistu Abebe Messelu , Bekele Getenet Tiruneh , Abere Kassie , Betelhem Addis Aynalem , Mihretie Gedfew , Temesgen Ayenew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among mechanically ventilated patients. However, limited data exist from African countries, including Ethiopia. This study assessed the prevalence, associated factors, and outcomes of VAP among adult patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) of comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted, and charts of 331 randomly selected patients were reviewed. Data were collected using a structured data extraction tool, entered into EpiData version 4.6.0, and analyzed with STATA version 14. Binary logistic regression was employed, and variables with p < 0.05 at 95 % confidence interval were considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of VAP among mechanically ventilated patients was 19.6 % (95 % CI: 15.7, 23.9). Among these patients, 76.9 % died in the ICU, 15.4 % were transferred to wards, 3.2 % were referred, 3.2 % left against medical advice, and only 1.5 % were discharged home. Significant predictors of VAP included sepsis (AOR = 2.87), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score < 8 (AOR = 3.23), mechanical ventilation > 7 days (AOR = 4.14), and previous history of mechanical ventilation (AOR = 4.60).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><div>The prevalence of VAP among ICU patients was high, with mortality exceeding three-fourths. Preventive measures should be prioritized, particularly for patients with sepsis, prolonged ventilation, low GCS, or previous mechanical ventilation. Strengthening infection control protocols and early weaning strategies is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transitioning from a student nurse to a qualified nurse can be stressful for new nurses. The experiences of the newly qualified nurse in the early years of practice can have a lasting effect on the perceptions and decisions these newly qualified makes of the nursing profession. Most hospitals in Ghana do not have structured support programmes to assist newly qualified nurses.
Methodology
A qualitative exploratory descriptive approach was used to explore newly qualified nurses’ perceptions of the transition process and the available support at the health facility for clinical skills readiness. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select newly qualified nurses from a Regional Hospital in Ghana, and a semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data. Saturation was achieved after the 12th participant. Data were manually analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings
Two themes and six subthemes emerged from the data analysis. Transition was perceived as challenging, eliciting emotional reactions and enhancing professional growth and development, while the support available was organizational support, superior support, and support from colleagues. The transition period is a challenging moment for newly qualified nurses; however, the provision of support enhances the transition process.
Conclusion
The contributions of newly qualified nurses to health facilities cannot be overemphasised. There is a need for nurse managers, health institutions, and policymakers to provide intentional training for newly qualified nurses so that the expected outcomes can be achieved.
{"title":"Transition to practice for newly qualified nurses: Perceptions and support available for a smooth transition","authors":"Bernadette Borley Bortey , Oboshie Anim-Boamah , Atswei Adzo Kwashie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transitioning from a student nurse to a qualified nurse can be stressful for new nurses. The experiences of the newly qualified nurse in the early years of practice can have a lasting effect on the perceptions and decisions these newly qualified makes of the nursing profession. Most hospitals in Ghana do not have structured support programmes to assist newly qualified nurses.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A qualitative exploratory descriptive approach was used to explore newly qualified nurses’ perceptions of the transition process and the available support at the health facility for clinical skills readiness. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select newly qualified nurses from a Regional Hospital in Ghana, and a semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data. Saturation was achieved after the 12th participant. Data were manually analysed using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Two themes and six subthemes emerged from the data analysis. Transition was perceived as challenging, eliciting emotional reactions and enhancing professional growth and development, while the support available was organizational support, superior support, and support from colleagues. The transition period is a challenging moment for newly qualified nurses; however, the provision of support enhances the transition process.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The contributions of newly qualified nurses to health facilities cannot be overemphasised. There is a need for nurse managers, health institutions, and policymakers to provide intentional training for newly qualified nurses so that the expected outcomes can be achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patient satisfaction is a critical metric for assessing healthcare quality, directly linked to service utilization and clinical outcomes. This study assessed the level and identified factors associated with patient satisfaction in outpatient departments (OPDs) of comprehensive specialized referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia.
Materials and methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 419 participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression identified factors associated with satisfaction.
Results
The overall patient satisfaction level was 47.8%. Multivariable analysis identified four factors significantly associated with higher satisfaction: availability of adequate medicines (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.13–5.39), ease of finding OPD locations (AOR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.03–3.50), a welcoming attitude from registration staff (AOR: 4.14; 95% CI: 1.18–9.56), and punctuality of registration staff (AOR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.16–7.14).
Conclusion
Patient satisfaction was low. Interventions targeting drug availability, hospital navigability, and the professionalism of frontline registration staff are crucial for improving the patient experience.
{"title":"Patient satisfaction and associated factors with outpatient department service at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized referral hospital, northern Ethiopia. A cross sectional study","authors":"Henok Biresaw Netsere , Gebrehiwot Berie Mekonnen , Yeshimebet Tamir Tsehay , Sosina Tamre Mamo , Mengistu Abebe Messelu , Tiruye Azene Demile , Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe , Alamirew Enyew Belay , Asnake Gashaw Belayneh , Ousman Adal , Sileshi Mulatu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patient satisfaction is a critical metric for assessing healthcare quality, directly linked to service utilization and clinical outcomes. This study assessed the level and identified factors associated with patient satisfaction in outpatient departments (OPDs) of comprehensive specialized referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 419 participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression identified factors associated with satisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall patient satisfaction level was 47.8%. Multivariable analysis identified four factors significantly associated with higher satisfaction: availability of adequate medicines (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.13–5.39), ease of finding OPD locations (AOR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.03–3.50), a welcoming attitude from registration staff (AOR: 4.14; 95% CI: 1.18–9.56), and punctuality of registration staff (AOR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.16–7.14).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patient satisfaction was low. Interventions targeting drug availability, hospital navigability, and the professionalism of frontline registration staff are crucial for improving the patient experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100983"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explored the experiences of final-year nursing and midwifery students at Mulago School of Nursing and Midwifery during their clinical placements.
Background
Preceptorship plays a critical role in bridging the gap between theoretical learning and clinical practice in nursing and midwifery education.
Design
A qualitative exploratory study design was conducted.
Methods
Data were collected through six focus group discussions with final-year students and thematically analyzed using a deductive approach informed by the Preceptorship Framework.
Results
Core themes as guided by the preceptorship framework included: communication, collaboration, contribution, commitment, competence and confidence. Students described preceptorship as an opportunity to engage in hands-on practice under the guidance of experienced professionals. Collaborative relationships with preceptors and other healthcare team members contributed to a sense of inclusion and learning through shared responsibilities. Students reported gaining confidence through progressive exposure to clinical tasks, supported decision-making, and constructive feedback. The development of clinical competence was closely linked to consistent mentorship, opportunities to observe best practices, and gradually assuming independent roles. Despite the experiences, some negative aspects of the experience emerged. Students reported being inadequately supervised or feeling used as substitutes for regular staff, which compromised the intended learning experience. Others expressed difficulty navigating inconsistent expectations and limited access to supportive mentors. These tensions, at times, created anxiety and hindered their ability to benefit from the clinical learning environment fully.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the importance of strengthening the preceptorship structure to ensure consistent, learner-focused support that facilitates meaningful professional development in clinical settings.
{"title":"Nursing and midwifery students’ experiences of preceptorship in clinical education in Uganda: A preceptorship framework-informed qualitative study","authors":"Brenda Mbabazi , Patience Muwanguzi , Connie Olwit , Catherine Lutalo Mwesigwa , Joyce Nankumbi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim/objective</h3><div>This study explored the experiences of final-year nursing and midwifery students at Mulago School of Nursing and Midwifery during their clinical placements.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>Preceptorship plays a critical role in bridging the gap between theoretical learning and clinical practice in nursing and midwifery education.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A qualitative exploratory study design was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected through six focus group discussions with final-year students and thematically analyzed using a deductive approach informed by the Preceptorship Framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Core themes as guided by the preceptorship framework included: communication, collaboration, contribution, commitment, competence and confidence. Students described preceptorship as an opportunity to engage in hands-on practice under the guidance of experienced professionals. Collaborative relationships with preceptors and other healthcare team members contributed to a sense of inclusion and learning through shared responsibilities. Students reported gaining confidence through progressive exposure to clinical tasks, supported decision-making, and constructive feedback. The development of clinical competence was closely linked to consistent mentorship, opportunities to observe best practices, and gradually assuming independent roles. Despite the experiences, some negative aspects of the experience emerged. Students reported being inadequately supervised or feeling used as substitutes for regular staff, which compromised the intended learning experience. Others expressed difficulty navigating inconsistent expectations and limited access to supportive mentors. These tensions, at times, created anxiety and hindered their ability to benefit from the clinical learning environment fully.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings underscore the importance of strengthening the preceptorship structure to ensure consistent, learner-focused support that facilitates meaningful professional development in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100962
Mercy Kokuro , Talitha Crowley , Anita S. van der Merwe , Cornelle Young
Background
The concept of self-management has been examined in healthcare and other sectors such as education, but its definition and uses in nursing education remain unclear.
Aim
To explore the concept ‘self-management’ in healthcare and teaching and learning literature and apply these insights to nursing education.
Design
Concept analysis.
Methods
The eight steps of concept analysis according to Walker and Avant were used. PubMed, EBSCOhost, Medline, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PsycINFO were searched up to 2022 with an updated search in 2024. Content-rich articles on self-management were included if they: (a) discussed the theoretical or conceptual foundation of self-management, (b) were healthcare or education related, (c) were written in English and (d) had the full-text available. Data on attributes, antecedents and consequences were extracted and analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
Thirty-three articles were included with nine attributes, categorised as personal (self-motivation, self-regulation, self-evaluation, self-efficacy, individual action and skills, self-monitoring, environmental management, continuous task) and combined (partnership). Antecedents were the individual capacity to learn, external motivation, access to learning resources, teaching and learning strategies, and support from educators, family and friends. Consequences were improved quality of life, enhanced coping abilities, empowerment, engagement in self-management behaviours, increased self-efficacy, self-control, satisfaction, independence, self-directedness, and accountability. Negative outcomes may arise from avoiding help due to overconfidence in self-management abilities.
Conclusion
In combining all nine attributes, a clear definition and understanding of self-management in the teaching and learning context are formulated which can assist nursing students in becoming effective self-managers.
{"title":"Understanding self-management in teaching and learning: A concept analysis for nursing education","authors":"Mercy Kokuro , Talitha Crowley , Anita S. van der Merwe , Cornelle Young","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The concept of self-management has been examined in healthcare and other sectors such as education, but its definition and uses in nursing education remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To explore the concept ‘self-management’ in healthcare and teaching and learning literature and apply these insights to nursing education.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Concept analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The eight steps of concept analysis according to Walker and Avant were used. PubMed, EBSCOhost, Medline, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PsycINFO were searched up to 2022 with an updated search in 2024. Content-rich articles on self-management were included if they: (a) discussed the theoretical or conceptual foundation of self-management, (b) were healthcare or education related, (c) were written in English and (d) had the full-text available. Data on attributes, antecedents and consequences were extracted and analysed using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-three articles were included with nine attributes, categorised as personal (self-motivation, self-regulation, self-evaluation, self-efficacy, individual action and skills, self-monitoring, environmental management, continuous task) and combined (partnership). Antecedents were the individual capacity to learn, external motivation, access to learning resources, teaching and learning strategies, and support from educators, family and friends. Consequences were improved quality of life, enhanced coping abilities, empowerment, engagement in self-management behaviours, increased self-efficacy, self-control, satisfaction, independence, self-directedness, and accountability. Negative outcomes may arise from avoiding help due to overconfidence in self-management abilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In combining all nine attributes, a clear definition and understanding of self-management in the teaching and learning context are formulated which can assist nursing students in becoming effective self-managers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100955
Hirpa Beresu Eka , Thomas Fako , Desalegn Mitiku , Daniel Belama
Background
Under nutrition contributes to the deaths of around 3 million children globally and it is a combined consequence of poor dietary consumption and recurrent infectious illnesses, especially in Ethiopia. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality among children.
This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of under nutrition among under-five children in Central Ethiopia, 2023.
Method and Materials
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 20 to June 20, 2025, among 394 systematically selected under-five children and their mothers attending the outpatient departments of two purposefully selected hospitals. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect the data. Data were entered into epi-data and exported to the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 26. Descriptive statistics were computed. P-values ≤ 0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into multivariable regression, and those p-values ≤ 0.05 with a 95 % CI were declared as significantly associated factors.
Results
A total of 394 under-five children and their mothers participated in the study, yielding a 100 % response rate. The prevalence of wasting, stunting, and underweight were 21.3 % [95 % CI: (19.4–23.2)], 33 % [95 % CI: (30.8–35.2)], and 20.6 % [95 % CI: (19.1–22.1)], respectively. Meal frequency and family size were factors associated in wasting. Mother education, husband occupation and presence of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks were significantly associated with stunting and meal frequency, age at complimentary feeding and exclusive breast feeding, were associated factors of underweight.
Conclusions
The prevalence of under nutrition was high in this study. Maternal education, husband occupation, diarrhea in the last two weeks prior to study, meal frequency, and age at complimentary were determinant factors of under nutrition. Therefore, improving meal frequency, maternal health awareness, and early childhood illness treatment will reduce under- five under nutrition.
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of under nutrition among under five children in Ambo town public Hospitals, Oromia, Ethiopia 2023","authors":"Hirpa Beresu Eka , Thomas Fako , Desalegn Mitiku , Daniel Belama","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Under nutrition contributes to the deaths of around 3 million children globally and it is a combined consequence of poor dietary consumption and recurrent infectious illnesses, especially in Ethiopia. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality among children.</div><div>This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of under nutrition among under-five children in Central Ethiopia, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Method and Materials</h3><div>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 20 to June 20, 2025, among 394 systematically selected under-five children and their mothers attending the outpatient departments of two purposefully selected hospitals. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect the data. Data were entered into epi-data and exported to the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 26. Descriptive statistics were computed. P-values ≤ 0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into multivariable regression, and those p-values ≤ 0.05 with a 95 % CI were declared as significantly associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 394 under-five children and their mothers participated in the study, yielding a 100 % response rate. The prevalence of wasting, stunting, and underweight were 21.3 % [95 % CI: (19.4–23.2)], 33 % [95 % CI: (30.8–35.2)], and 20.6 % [95 % CI: (19.1–22.1)], respectively. Meal frequency and family size were factors associated in wasting. Mother education, husband occupation and presence of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks were significantly associated with stunting and meal frequency, age at complimentary feeding and exclusive breast feeding, were associated factors of underweight.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of under nutrition was high in this study. Maternal education, husband occupation, diarrhea in the last two weeks prior to study, meal frequency, and age at complimentary were determinant factors of under nutrition. Therefore, improving meal frequency, maternal health awareness, and early childhood illness treatment will reduce under- five under nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inadequately managed Post-operative leads to increased morbidity and mortality and places a burden on the patient’s and the health system’s finances.
Objective
To assess Post-operative management practice and associated factors among nurses working at selected public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia.
Method
Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from June 10/2022, to July 10,/ 2022, using structured self-administered questionnaires and observational checklists. A total of 276 nurses were selected by a simple random sampling technique from three selected public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. The data were collected by 3B.Sc. nurses and 6 Intern medical students and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.
Result
From 276 nurses included in this study, 44.93% (95%CI, [39.5, 50.8]) of nurses had good levels of postoperative pain management practice. Being a Bachelor of Science degree holder nurse [(Adjusted odd ratio = 3.067(1.79,7.08)], Training [ (AOR = 1.76, 95% (1.01., 3.07)], Having access to ant pain drugs [ (AOR = 4.09, 95%CI (1.39, 11.98)], Having good levels of knowledge [ (AOR = 2.06,95% CI (1.03,3.41)] and Communication among nurses [ (AOR = 1.84, 5% CI (1.03,3.302)] were factors significantly associated with Post-operative pain management practice of nurses.
Conclusion and Recommendation
This study showed that the level of nurses’ good practice towards Postoperative pain management was relatively poor. Educational level, level of knowledge, training on postoperative pain management, availability of pain management drugs, and nursing staff communication were factors significantly associated with nurses’ level of practice. Continuous nursing professional development is essential to improve post-operative Pain management practice among nurses.
{"title":"Postoperative pain management practice and associted factors among nurses working at selected public hospitals in southern ethiopia, 2022","authors":"Wondimu Gimja , Zewdie Oltaye , Ezedin Mollla , Bewuket Belete","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inadequately managed Post-operative leads to increased morbidity and mortality and places a burden on the patient’s and the health system’s finances.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess Post-operative management practice and associated factors among nurses working at selected public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from June 10/2022, to July 10,/ 2022, using structured self-administered questionnaires and observational checklists. A total of 276 nurses were selected by a simple random sampling technique from three selected public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. The data were collected by 3B.Sc. nurses and 6 Intern medical students and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>From 276 nurses included in this study, 44.93% (95%CI, [39.5, 50.8]) of nurses had good levels of postoperative pain management practice. Being a Bachelor of Science degree holder nurse [(Adjusted odd ratio = 3.067(1.79,7.08)], Training [ (AOR = 1.76, 95% (1.01., 3.07)], Having access to ant pain drugs [ (AOR = 4.09, 95%CI (1.39, 11.98)], Having good levels of knowledge [ (AOR = 2.06,95% CI (1.03,3.41)] and Communication among nurses [ (AOR = 1.84, 5% CI (1.03,3.302)] were factors significantly associated with Post-operative pain management practice of nurses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and Recommendation</h3><div>This study showed that the level of nurses’ good practice towards Postoperative pain management was relatively poor. Educational level, level of knowledge, training on postoperative pain management, availability of pain management drugs, and nursing staff communication were factors significantly associated with nurses’ level of practice. Continuous nursing professional development is essential to improve post-operative Pain management practice among nurses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100968
Lynnete Chilala Mukonka , Geldine Chironda , Ntombifikile G. Mtshali
Introduction
Cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing worldwide, and projections are that the numbers will continue to rise. However, if measures or programs for prevention are established and implemented, the incidence rate may go down. The scoping review was conducted to identify the knowledge gap in T2DM prevention programs and thus support the research the authors were conducting, to develop a lifestyle modification program for the prevention of T2DM in a Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) country. The findings may also be used by policy makers and other researchers.
Objective
The objective of this scoping review was to map and synthesize the available evidence on lifestyle modification programs for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods
The Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology was used to guide the review process. An electronic search was conducted for articles published between January 2006 and March 2024. English articles that reported T2DM prevention programs using lifestyle modification in SSA were included. Rayyan software (2016) was used to store the selected literature.
Results
A total of nineteen (19) articles were included in the review. Some articles included were from the years 2019 and 2020 (n = 4, 21.1 %). Most of them were descriptive narrative reviews (n = 10, 52.6 %). Two programs for the prevention of T2DM which were on trial were identified and articles that focused on lifestyle modification were included. The most common setting was the desktop (n = 12, 63.2 %) then communities (n = 5, 26.3 %) and health facilities (n = 2, 10.5 %).
Conclusion
There is need for country and culture specific T2DM prevention programs and trials need to be done to ensure this is achieved. The need for more research was evidenced by few articles that mapped program characteristics, outcomes and gaps in SSA. Awareness campaigns should include adults and young children. There is also need for large scale trial programs to test adaptability of already established programs from other countries.
{"title":"Lifestyle modification programs for the prevention of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review","authors":"Lynnete Chilala Mukonka , Geldine Chironda , Ntombifikile G. Mtshali","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing worldwide, and projections are that the numbers will continue to rise. However, if measures or programs for prevention are established and implemented, the incidence rate may go down. The scoping review was conducted to identify the knowledge gap in T2DM prevention programs and thus support the research the authors were conducting, to develop a lifestyle modification program for the prevention of T2DM in a Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) country. The findings may also be used by policy makers and other researchers.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this scoping review was to map and synthesize the available evidence on lifestyle modification programs for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology was used to guide the review process. An electronic search was conducted for articles published between January 2006 and March 2024. English articles that reported T2DM prevention programs using lifestyle modification in SSA were included. Rayyan software (2016) was used to store the selected literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of nineteen (19) articles were included in the review. Some articles included were from the years 2019 and 2020 (n = 4, 21.1 %). Most of them were descriptive narrative reviews (n = 10, 52.6 %). Two programs for the prevention of T2DM which were on trial were identified and articles that focused on lifestyle modification were included. The most common setting was the desktop (n = 12, 63.2 %) then communities (n = 5, 26.3 %) and health facilities (n = 2, 10.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is need for country and culture specific T2DM prevention programs and trials need to be done to ensure this is achieved. The need for more research was evidenced by few articles that mapped program characteristics, outcomes and gaps in SSA. Awareness campaigns should include adults and young children. There is also need for large scale trial programs to test adaptability of already established programs from other countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100968"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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