International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences最新文献_第9页

Prevalence of stroke among diabetes mellitus patients in public hospitals of the Tigray region, Ethiopia, 2024 2024年埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区公立医院糖尿病患者卒中患病率

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101001

Abrha Hailay , Hailay Gebreyesus , Guesh Welu , Tsega Gebretsadik , Guesh Mebrahtom , Dr. Saymen Tsegaye

Background

Stroke is a serious complication of diabetes and a major global public health issue, affecting 15 million people each year, resulting in 5 million deaths and 5 million cases of permanent disability. Diabetes contributes to about one quarter of all stroke cases. In Tigray, the prevalence and risk factors of stroke among diabetes patients are poorly documented, particularly due to conflict-related disruptions in healthcare and medicine access. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of stroke and its associated factors among diabetes patients in public hospitals in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Method

Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals in Tigray from March 1 to May 30, 2024, including 848 diabetes patients selected via systematic random sampling. Adults diagnosed with diabetes for at least six months were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analyzed associations between explanatory and outcome variables.

Result

The magnitude of stroke among diabetes mellitus patients in this study was 14.2% with response rate of 819(97%). Being male 2.91 [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.59–5.30], non-adherence to medication 2.8 [AOR = 2.85 95% CI: 1.64–4.96], Alcohol consumption 2.16 [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.05–4.42], having hypertension 5.5 [AOR = 5.51 95% CI: 3.12–9.72], and physically inactive 2.5 [AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.12–5.42] and not taking statin drugs 4.6 [AOR, 4.60, 95% CI: 2.32–9.14] were significantly associated with stroke.

Conclusion

The study revealed a high stroke burden among Tigray diabetes patients, associated with male sex, lifestyle factors, hypertension, and lack of statin therapy.

中风是糖尿病的一种严重并发症，也是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，每年影响1 500万人，造成500万人死亡和500万例永久性残疾。大约四分之一的中风病例是由糖尿病引起的。在提格雷，糖尿病患者中风的患病率和风险因素记录很少，特别是由于冲突导致医疗和药物获取中断。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚提格雷公立医院糖尿病患者卒中患病率及其相关因素。方法采用系统随机抽样的方法，于2024年3月1日至5月30日在提格雷市公立医院抽取848例糖尿病患者进行横断面研究。诊断为糖尿病至少6个月的成年人使用预先测试的结构化问卷进行访谈。二元逻辑回归分析了解释变量和结果变量之间的关联。结果本组糖尿病患者脑卒中发生率为14.2%，有效率为819例（97%）。男性2.91 [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.59-5.30]、不坚持用药2.8 [AOR = 2.85 95% CI: 1.64-4.96]、饮酒2.16 [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.05-4.42]、高血压5.5 [AOR = 5.51 95% CI: 3.12-9.72]、缺乏运动2.5 [AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.12-5.42]和未服用他汀类药物4.6 [AOR, 4.60, 95% CI: 2.32-9.14]与卒中显著相关。结论Tigray糖尿病患者卒中负担较高，与男性、生活方式、高血压和缺乏他汀类药物治疗有关。

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引用次数: 0

Postpartum hemorrhage and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis 非洲产后出血及相关危险因素：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100989

Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim , Mohamed Omar Osman , Mohamud Hussein Ali , Abdilahi Ibrahim Muse , Abdulahi Hussen Abdinur , Ramadan Budul Yusuf , AbdiHamid Osman Ibrahim , Ahmed Mohamud Omar , Sualiha Abdulkader Muktar , Seid Muhumed Abdilaahi

Background

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major public health problem and remains one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, with sub-Saharan Africa carrying the highest burden. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage in Africa.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies estimating PPH was undertaken through literature searches in biomedical databases. The protocol has been registered at PROSPERO and is available at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, under the registration number (CRD42020206087). All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA-Version 13 software. To assess heterogeneity, the I² test was used across the studies. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of PPH. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also used to determine the association of variables with PPH.

Result

Twenty-nine articles were included in this meta-analysis with a total sample size of 179,730 from countries in Africa. The pooled prevalence of PPH in Africa from 2003 to 2023 was 4.2% (95% CI; 3–4). The regional distribution was 1% (95% CI: 1–1) in Eastern Africa, 3% (95% CI: 3–4) in Southern Africa, 4% (95% CI: 3–5) in Northern Africa, 5% (95% CI: 4–5) in Western Africa, and 5% (95% CI: 4–5) in Central Africa. Macrosomia and cesarean section were shown to be risk factors for PPH.

Conclusion

This analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of PPH was low. This result will inform risk factor-based prevention, cause-based treatment, and the planning and implementation of applicable public health strategies.

产后出血（PPH）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，仍然是孕产妇发病和死亡的主要原因之一，其中撒哈拉以南非洲地区负担最重。本研究旨在确定非洲产后出血的患病率和危险因素。方法通过生物医学数据库的文献检索，对估计PPH的观察性研究进行系统回顾和meta分析。该协议已在PROSPERO注册，并可在https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/上获得，注册号为CRD42020206087。所有统计分析均使用STATA-Version 13软件进行。为了评估异质性，在所有研究中使用I2检验。采用随机效应模型估计PPH的总患病率。比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）也用于确定变量与PPH的关联。结果本荟萃分析纳入29篇文章，总样本量为179,730，来自非洲国家。2003年至2023年，非洲PPH的总患病率为4.2% （95% CI; 3-4）。东非的区域分布为1% (95% CI: 1-1)，南部非洲为3% (95% CI: 3-4)，北非为4% (95% CI: 3-5)，西非为5% (95% CI: 4-5)，中部非洲为5% （95% CI: 4-5）。巨大儿和剖宫产是PPH的危险因素。结论PPH的患病率较低。这一结果将为基于风险因素的预防、基于原因的治疗以及规划和实施适用的公共卫生战略提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Quality of life of young children pre-adenotonsillectomy: a study at a regional hospital in Ghana 幼儿腺扁桃体切除术前的生活质量：加纳一家地区医院的研究

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100987

Mercy Atignii Tengen , Ajaratu Lampinley , Abubakari Sadik Salifu , Francis Kwaku Wuni

Background

Adenotonsillar disease significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of children, manifesting through sleep disturbances, physical suffering, and psychological and social concerns. This study assessed the QoL of children with adenotonsillar disease prior to adenotonsillectomy and explored associated factors.

Methodology

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) unit of the Upper East Regional Hospital. A total of 150 children diagnosed with adenotonsillar disease and their mothers participated. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, including the 18-item Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA-18) QoL scale. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS Version 26.0.

Results

The average age of the children was 6.3 years of age. Adenotonsillar disease had a moderate to severe impact on the QoL of 69.4 % of children. Physical suffering was primarily due to nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, and recurrent infections. Sleep disturbances, including loud snoring and frequent awakenings, were prevalent. Psychological distress was minimal, but hyperactivity and mood swings were reported. Socially, caregivers expressed significant concerns regarding their child’s health and breathing difficulties. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), adenoiditis, and chronic middle ear infections were significantly associated with lower QoL scores (p < 0.05). Children with younger mothers (18–35 years) had significantly poorer QoL compared to those with older mothers (p = 0.007). Gender, maternal education, and marital status did not show significant associations.

Conclusion

Adenotonsillar disease negatively affects children’s QoL, particularly through sleep disturbances and physical suffering. OSAS and adenoiditis were key predictors of poorer QoL. Early diagnosis and comprehensive management strategies are essential to improving outcomes for affected children.

背景：扁桃腺疾病显著影响儿童的生活质量（QoL），表现为睡眠障碍、身体痛苦以及心理和社会问题。本研究评估了腺扁桃体疾病患儿在腺扁桃体切除术前的生活质量，并探讨了相关因素。方法在上东区医院耳鼻喉科（ENT）进行描述性横断面研究。共有150名被诊断患有腺扁桃体病的儿童及其母亲参与了这项研究。采用结构化问卷收集数据，包括18项阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA-18）生活质量量表。采用SPSS Version 26.0进行描述性统计、独立t检验和推理分析。结果患儿平均年龄6.3岁。腺扁桃体病对69.4%儿童的生活质量有中度至重度影响。身体上的痛苦主要是由于鼻塞、口呼吸和反复感染。睡眠障碍，包括大声打鼾和频繁醒来，都很普遍。心理困扰最小，但据报道有多动和情绪波动。在社交方面，照料者对其子女的健康和呼吸困难表示严重关切。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）、腺样体炎和慢性中耳感染与较低的生活质量评分显著相关（p < 0.05）。母亲年龄较小（18-35岁）的儿童生活质量明显低于母亲年龄较大的儿童（p = 0.007）。性别、母亲教育程度和婚姻状况无显著相关性。结论腺扁桃体疾病对儿童生活质量有负面影响，尤其是通过睡眠障碍和身体痛苦。osaas和腺样体炎是较差生活质量的主要预测因子。早期诊断和综合管理战略对于改善受影响儿童的预后至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Determinants of TT vaccine completion among mothers who gave birth with in the past six months in Gozamn District, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚戈扎曼区过去6个月内分娩的母亲完成TT疫苗接种的决定因素

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100969

Anteneh Gashaw

Background

Tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination is essential for preventing neonatal tetanus and ensuring maternal health, particularly in resource-limited settings. Despite its importance, TT vaccine completion rates remain low in some regions, including Ethiopia. This study aims to identify the factors influencing TT vaccine completion among mothers who gave birth within the last six months in Gozamn district.

Materials and Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between April 1 and April 25, 2022, in Gozamn district. A total of 831 mothers who gave birth in the past six months were selected using a two-stage stratified sampling method. Data were collected through a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 17 to identify factors associated with TT vaccine completion.

Results

Factors such as higher parity, receiving information from healthcare professionals, and having more than four antenatal care (ANC) visits were found to be significantly associated with higher TT vaccine completion. Women with higher parity, those informed by health professionals, and those attending more than four ANC visits were more likely to complete the TT vaccine.

Conclusion

This study highlights the critical role of parity, healthcare provider communication, and ANC visits in increasing TT vaccine completion. Efforts to improve vaccine uptake should focus on increasing access to healthcare information and services, especially among women with fewer ANC visits and lower exposure to healthcare professionals.

破伤风类毒素（TT）疫苗接种对于预防新生儿破伤风和确保孕产妇健康至关重要，特别是在资源有限的环境中。尽管破伤风疫苗很重要，但在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的一些地区，破伤风疫苗完成率仍然很低。这项研究的目的是确定影响戈扎曼地区在过去六个月内分娩的母亲完成TT疫苗接种的因素。材料与方法于2022年4月1日至4月25日在gozaman地区进行了一项以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用两阶段分层抽样的方法，共选取了831名在过去6个月内分娩的母亲。数据是通过一份结构化的、由访谈者填写的问卷收集的。使用Stata version 17进行描述性统计、双变量和多变量logistic回归分析，以确定与TT疫苗接种完成相关的因素。结果发现，较高的胎次、从卫生保健专业人员处获得信息以及超过四次产前保健（ANC）访问等因素与较高的TT疫苗完成率显着相关。胎次较高的妇女、由卫生专业人员告知的妇女以及参加四次以上产前检查的妇女更有可能完成TT疫苗的接种。结论本研究强调了均等、卫生保健提供者沟通和ANC访问在提高TT疫苗完成率中的关键作用。提高疫苗接种率的努力应侧重于增加获得保健信息和服务的机会，特别是在ANC就诊次数较少和接触保健专业人员较少的妇女中。

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引用次数: 0

The experience of transitioning from a nursing student to a practicing nurse in a low-resource setting: a qualitative descriptive study 低资源环境下从护生到执业护士的转变经验：一项定性描述性研究

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100964

David Abdulai Salifu , Mohammed Awal Salifu , Beatrice Asakiya , Janet Gross

Background

Nurses are an integral part of the global health workforce, providing essential services to diverse populations in diverse settings. As the backbone of the global health workforce, it is imperative for nursing education to produce nurses equipped with the requisite skill sets to fulfill their expected practice roles. However, studies indicate that the level of competence demonstrated by nurses upon completion of baccalaureate programs are not always adequate to meet practice demands. This underscores that transitioning from baccalaureate programs to full-time practice can be very daunting. While several studies have explored the transitioning experience of baccalaureate nursing students to full time practice in the developed world, the phenomenon in low-resource settings remain unexplored.

Aim

Drawing on Coffey’s Transitioning Theory, this study explored the transitioning experiences from baccalaureate nursing student to full-time practice in a low-resource setting.

Methods

Using a qualitative descriptive study design, 54 participants were purposively recruited via solicitation. Data were collected through focus group discussions using a semi-structured interview guide and analyzed thematically with Atlas.ti software.

Results

The transitioning experiences of baccalaureate nursing students to full-time practice were reflected in two main themes: “quality of educational experience” and “contextual adaptation.”

Conclusions

The results underscore the need to retool and build the capacity of nurse faculty aimed at improving the quality of nursing education within the study setting to provide a strong foundation for effective transition into professional practice.

护士是全球卫生人力不可分割的一部分，在不同的环境中为不同的人群提供基本服务。作为全球卫生人力的支柱，护理教育必须培养具备必要技能的护士，以履行其预期的实践职责。然而，研究表明，护士在完成学士学位课程后所表现出的能力水平并不总是足以满足实践需求。这强调了从学士学位课程过渡到全职实习可能是非常令人生畏的。虽然有几项研究探索了发达国家护理学士学位学生向全职实习的过渡经历，但在资源匮乏的环境中，这一现象仍未得到探索。目的借鉴科菲的过渡理论，探讨低资源环境下护理本科学生向全日制实习的过渡经验。方法采用定性描述性研究设计，通过征集有目的地招募54名受试者。使用半结构化访谈指南通过焦点小组讨论收集数据，并使用Atlas进行主题分析。ti的软件。结果护理本科学生向全日制实习的过渡体验主要体现在“教育体验质量”和“情境适应”两个主题上。结论需要对护理师资队伍进行重组和能力建设，以提高护理教育的质量，为有效过渡到专业实践提供坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

A community-based behavioural change intervention on the knowledge of herbal medicine use: pretest–posttest study 基于社区的草药使用知识行为改变干预：前测后测研究

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100960

T. Tsele-Tebakang

Background

Herbal products are used worldwide to treat various ailments and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This can be attributed to the communities’ experiences and the wealth of inherited knowledge, which gives rise to a unique perception of herbal medicines (HM). There has been an increase in research topics in health education; however, behaviour change interventions relating to the use of HM and herb-drug interaction (HDIs) are lacking.

Objectives

To explore the effect of behaviour change intervention based on the health belief model (HBM) on communities’ knowledge on the use of HM.

Method

A community-based study was conducted in the local municipalities of Gauteng, Free State, and Mpumalanga provinces in South Africa. Eighty community members (n = 80) participated in the pretest–posttest intervention study. A behaviour change intervention was developed and assessed to increase knowledge of HM and herb-drug intervention (HDIs). Data was collected using pre- and post-questionnaires and analysed statistically using descriptive analysis, cross-tabulation, pre-and post-item tests, and paired sample T-tests.

Results

The findings of this pilot study showed that the HBM-driven intervention was best suited, as it successfully educated communities about HDIs and changed their perception of the use of HM. Perceptions built on perceived benefits, perceived risks, and self-efficacy showed a notable change after the behavioural change intervention.

Conclusion

The current study echoes the need for community-based education to prevent possible HDIs, especially in communities that are culturally rooted in HM. This pilot study showed that a model-driven behavioural change intervention can effectively motivate healthy behaviour.

草药产品在世界范围内被用于治疗各种疾病和保持健康的生活方式。这可归因于社区的经验和丰富的遗传知识，从而产生了对草药的独特看法。健康教育方面的研究课题有所增加；然而，缺乏与使用HM和草药相互作用（hdi）相关的行为改变干预措施。目的探讨基于健康信念模型（HBM）的行为改变干预对社区健康信念使用知识的影响。方法在南非豪登省、自由邦和姆普马兰加省的地方市政当局进行了一项基于社区的研究。80名社区成员（n = 80）参加了前测后测干预研究。制定并评估了行为改变干预措施，以增加对HM和草药干预（hdi）的了解。采用问卷前和问卷后收集数据，并采用描述性分析、交叉表法、项目前和项目后检验以及配对样本t检验进行统计分析。该试点研究的结果表明，hbm驱动的干预措施是最合适的，因为它成功地教育了社区关于hdi的知识，并改变了他们对HM使用的看法。在行为改变干预后，建立在感知利益、感知风险和自我效能上的认知表现出显著的变化。结论：当前的研究表明，需要以社区为基础的教育来预防可能的hdi，特别是在以HM为文化根基的社区。这项初步研究表明，模式驱动的行为改变干预可以有效地激发健康行为。

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引用次数: 0

Barriers and opportunities for involvement in health policy development of Somaliland nurses: Qualitative study 索马里兰护士参与卫生政策制定的障碍和机会：定性研究

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100994

Umulkhayr Mohamed Ismail , Hodan Mohamoud Osman , Jama Ali Egal , Fatumo Osman

Background

The nursing profession is the backbone of the healthcare system and the largest profession of healthcare workers globally. Nurses play a crucial role in providing healthcare services in the community. In recent years, nurses have improved their knowledge and skills but remained undervalued and unappreciated, with a poor public image.

Aim

This study was to investigate the degree of involvement of Somaliland nurses in health policy development.

Methods

A qualitative study design was adopted using in-depth interviews. A total of 13 interviews were conducted using open-ended questions. The data were analysed using an inductive reflective thematic analysis.

Results

One main theme and two sub-themes were identified. The sub-themes are (1) navigating the barriers to nursing education and equity, which emphasises the challenges in the proliferation of non-accredited private schools and policy engagement and the ambiguity and under-compensation in the nursing profession, and (2) building a strong nursing ecosystem: education, leadership and advocacy, which highlights the strengths of Somaliland nurses and the participants’ recommendations.

Conclusion

The findings highlight the barriers to Somaliland nurses’ involvement in health policy development, including unregulated nursing education, others filling the nursing role and low nursing salary, consistent with other studies. The study also reveals that the existence of academically qualified nurses, national nursing associations and public institutions led by nurses demonstrates competency and dedication to develop the nursing profession. Therefore, it is important to intentionally develop nursing leaders through mentorship and succession plans, which can help to remove current nursing challenges.

护理专业是卫生保健系统的支柱，也是全球最大的卫生保健工作者专业。护士在社区提供医疗服务方面发挥着至关重要的作用。近年来，护士的知识和技能有所提高，但仍然被低估和不受重视，公众形象不佳。目的探讨索马里兰护士对卫生政策制定的参与程度。方法采用深度访谈的定性研究设计。共有13个访谈采用开放式问题进行。数据分析采用归纳反思性专题分析。结果确定了1个主旋律和2个副旋律。副主题是(1)克服护理教育和公平的障碍，强调非认证私立学校和政策参与的扩散以及护理专业的模糊性和补偿不足的挑战；(2)建立强大的护理生态系统：教育、领导和倡导，突出索马里兰护士的优势和参与者的建议。结论研究结果强调了索马里兰护士参与卫生政策制定的障碍，包括护理教育不规范，其他人填补护理角色和护理工资低，与其他研究一致。研究还表明，学术上合格的护士、国家护理协会和由护士领导的公共机构的存在表明了护士职业发展的能力和奉献精神。因此，通过指导和继任计划有意地培养护理领导者是很重要的，这有助于消除当前的护理挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities of Hawassa City, Sidama Region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西达马地区哈瓦萨市公共卫生机构产前保健孕妇的饮食习惯及相关因素

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100936

Bargude Balta , Tekabe Getachew , Eyosafet Abera , Anteneh Fekadu , Deresse Daka

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to assess dietary practices and factors influencing them among pregnant women in Ethiopia who attend antenatal care (ANC) in Hawassa City, Sidama Region, in 2023, with a focus on the importance of adequate dietary habits and limited nutritional knowledge for the long-term health of both mother and fetus.

Methods

The study involved 513 pregnant women on ANC from January 1–30, 2023. The participants were randomly selected from two hospitals and four health centers. Data collection involved interviews and chart reviews. Epi Info 7 and SPSS 26 were used for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression identified variables significantly associated with dietary practices. Results were presented using texts, tables, and graphs.

Results

Out of the 513 pregnant women sampled, 505 participated in the study, achieving a 98 % response rate. The findings revealed that 66.5 % of the ANC women had poor dietary practices (95 % CI: 62.4–70.6). Independent predictors of poor dietary practices included rural residence (AOR = 5; 95 % CI: 1.9–13), food insecurity (AOR = 4.2; 95 % CI: 2.5–6.7), having two or fewer pregnancies (AOR = 4; 95 % CI: 1.5–10.4), and an unfavorable attitude towards nutrition (AOR = 4.2; 95 % CI: 2.5–6.7). Addressing these factors is vital for improving dietary practices and enhancing maternal and fetal health outcomes.

Conclusion

The current study revealed a high prevalence of poor dietary practices among mothers attending public health facilities in Hawassa City. The findings identified food insecurity, number of pregnancies, and unfavorable attitudes as independent predictors of poor dietary practices.

本研究的目的是评估2023年在Sidama地区Hawassa市参加产前保健（ANC）的埃塞俄比亚孕妇的饮食习惯及其影响因素，重点关注适当的饮食习惯和有限的营养知识对母亲和胎儿长期健康的重要性。方法本研究纳入513名孕妇，于2023年1月1日至30日接受ANC治疗。参与者是从两家医院和四家健康中心随机选择的。数据收集包括访谈和图表审查。采用Epi Info 7和SPSS 26进行分析。多变量逻辑回归确定了与饮食习惯显著相关的变量。结果以文本、表格和图表的形式呈现。结果在513名孕妇中，505人参与了研究，有效率达到98%。研究结果显示，66.5%的非洲裔妇女饮食习惯不佳（95%置信区间：62.4-70.6）。不良饮食习惯的独立预测因素包括农村居住（AOR = 5; 95% CI: 1.9-13）、粮食不安全（AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 2.5-6.7）、两次或更少怀孕（AOR = 4; 95% CI: 1.5-10.4）和对营养不良的态度（AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 2.5-6.7）。解决这些因素对于改善饮食习惯和改善孕产妇和胎儿健康结果至关重要。结论：目前的研究表明，在哈瓦萨市公共卫生机构就诊的母亲中，不良饮食习惯的发生率很高。研究发现，粮食不安全、怀孕次数和不良态度是不良饮食习惯的独立预测因素。

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引用次数: 0

Emotional quotient, communication skills, and social support predict psychological capital in nursing students: a cross-sectional study 情商、沟通技巧和社会支持预测护生心理资本：一项横断面研究

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100974

Maryam Shaygan , Negar Yazdani , Hajar Haghshenas

Background

Psychological capital (PsyCap), encompassing self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism, is critical for nursing students to cope with academic and professional stressors. However, the predictive roles of emotional intelligence (EQ), communication skills, and social support on PsyCap remain underexplored. This study investigated predictive role of these factors’ influence on PsyCap among first-year nursing students in Iran.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 291 first-year BSc nursing students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020, which covered one academic semester to ensure inclusion of all eligible students. The sample size was calculated using G*Power based on previous studies, and participants were recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected online using validated self-report questionnaires: the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Barton Communication Skills Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Bradberry–Greaves Emotional Intelligence Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 with univariate and hierarchical multiple regression models.

Results

Among 291 nursing students, PsyCap showed strong correlations with emotional intelligence, communication skills, and social support (all P < 0.001). Female and married students reported higher PsyCap. In hierarchical regression, demographic variables explained 21% of the variance, which increased to 69% after adding emotional intelligence and communication skills, and to 72% with social support. Emotional intelligence was the strongest predictor (β = 0.59, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Enhancing EQ, communication skills, and social support can significantly boost nursing students’ PsyCap, fostering resilience and optimism for academic and clinical challenges. Nursing educators should implement targeted interventions, such as emotional regulation workshops and peer mentoring programs. Future longitudinal and multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings across diverse populations and resolve discrepancies related to demographic predictors.

心理资本（PsyCap），包括自我效能、希望、恢复力和乐观，是护理专业学生应对学术和职业压力源的关键。然而，情绪智力（EQ）、沟通技巧和社会支持在PsyCap中的预测作用仍未得到充分探索。本研究旨在探讨这些因素对伊朗护生心理cap的预测作用。方法采用横断面研究方法，选取291名伊朗设拉子医科大学护理学学士一年级学生。数据收集时间为2019年9月至2020年2月，涵盖一个学期，以确保纳入所有符合条件的学生。样本量在前人研究的基础上使用G*Power计算，采用方便抽样的方式招募参与者。本研究采用心理资本量表、巴顿沟通技巧量表、多维感知社会支持量表和布雷德伯里-格里夫斯情绪智力量表进行数据收集。数据分析采用SPSS-26单变量和分层多元回归模型。结果在291名护生中，PsyCap与情绪智力、沟通技巧和社会支持有较强的相关性（P < 0.001）。女性和已婚学生的心理cap值更高。在层次回归中，人口变量解释了21%的差异，在加上情商和沟通技巧后，这一比例增加到69%，加上社会支持后，这一比例增加到72%。情绪智力是最强的预测因子（β = 0.59, P < 0.001）。结论提高护生的情商、沟通能力和社会支持水平能显著提高护生的心理能力，培养护生对学术和临床挑战的适应力和乐观态度。护理教育者应该实施有针对性的干预措施，如情绪调节研讨会和同伴指导计划。未来的纵向和多中心研究需要在不同的人群中验证这些发现，并解决与人口预测因子相关的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence and determinants of effort-reward imbalance, job strain, and co-exposure among Ethiopian healthcare workers 埃塞俄比亚卫生保健工作者中努力-报酬不平衡、工作压力和共同暴露的患病率和决定因素

Q2 Nursing

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100985

Yitagesu Habtu , Abera Kumie , Medhine Selamu , Eshetu Girma

Background

Evidence on psychosocial stressors, such as effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and job strain (JS), among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Ethiopia is limited, despite their high exposure to demanding working conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ERI, JS, and their co-occurrence, and to identify associated factors among Ethiopian HCWs.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in nine Ethiopian public hospitals between January and February 2023. Stratified cluster random sampling was applied, with hospitals serving as strata and hospital units as clusters. Data were collected using the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-17) and ERI-10. Analyses included confirmatory factor analyses, descriptive statistics, and robust Poisson regression models.

Results

Of 1,426 participants, 65% reported ERI, 65% reported JS, and 47% experienced both. The strongest predictors were work-family conflict, sleep problems, organisational injustice, and low social support increased the prevalence ratio of effort-reward imbalance, job strain, and their co-occurrence. Additionally, higher scores of list of threatening events (LTEs), longer working hours, and high job demands were associated with higher prevalence of ERI, and higher decision latitude was associated with lower prevalence of ERI.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of ERI, JS and both highlights a considerable psychosocial strain among healthcare workers. Work–family conflict, organisational injustice, limited social support, sleep problems, list of threatening events, longer working hours, and high job demands contributed to these outcomes, while greater decision latitude was protective. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that strengthen organisational justice, enhance support systems, establish work-family wellness schemes, and promote healthier work schedules.

背景在埃塞俄比亚的卫生保健工作者（HCWs）中，关于社会心理压力源的证据有限，例如努力-回报不平衡（ERI）和工作压力（JS），尽管他们高度暴露于苛刻的工作条件下。本研究旨在估计ERI、JS及其共发的患病率，并确定埃塞俄比亚卫生保健工作者的相关因素。方法于2023年1 - 2月在埃塞俄比亚9所公立医院进行横断面研究。采用分层整群随机抽样，医院为分层，医院单位为聚类。使用工作内容问卷（JCQ-17）和ERI-10收集数据。分析包括验证性因子分析、描述性统计和稳健泊松回归模型。结果在1426名参与者中，65%报告ERI， 65%报告JS， 47%两者都有。工作-家庭冲突、睡眠问题、组织不公和低社会支持增加了努力-回报不平衡、工作压力及其共存的患病率。此外，较高的威胁事件列表得分、较长的工作时间和较高的工作要求与较高的ERI患病率相关，而较高的决策纬度与较低的ERI患病率相关。结论ERI、JS和两者的高患病率表明医护人员存在相当大的社会心理压力。工作与家庭冲突、组织不公、有限的社会支持、睡眠问题、一系列威胁事件、更长的工作时间和高工作要求都是导致这些结果的原因，而更大的决策自由度则是保护性的。这些发现突出表明，需要采取有针对性的干预措施，加强组织公正，加强支持系统，建立工作-家庭健康计划，并促进更健康的工作时间表。

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引用次数: 0