Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献_第5页

Exploring theory of mind abilities in Lebanese chronic patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study 探索黎巴嫩慢性精神分裂症患者的心理能力理论：一项横断面研究

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100385

Marie Ghosn , Chadia Haddad , Jean-Marc Rabil , Georges Haddad

Introduction

In recent decades, social cognition has become a central focus in schizophrenia research. Multiple previous studies reported impairments in multiple social cognitive domains. One particular domain of social cognition affected in schizophrenia is “Theory of Mind (TOM). The objective of this study was to examine the heterogeneity of ToM impairments within the schizophrenia population and compare TOM performance between individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and a matched healthy control group.

Methods

a cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2024 and September 2024 at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC) in Lebanon that explored TOM abilities in 146, chronic Lebanese schizophrenia inpatients and 50 healthy controls, using the Arabic translation of the “TOM-15,” a False Belief Task.

Results

A significant difference between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls was found, with the patient group scoring poorer on both first-order, and second-order false belief and in the comprehension control task of the TOM-15. Furthermore, among the patient population, impairments in second-order false belief were more pronounced than first-order. Performance on the BACS scale for neuro-cognition showed moderate associations with performance on the TOM-15. Multivariable analysis revealed a negative association between depression and second-order tasks as well as females outperforming males in TOM-15, especially in the second-order task.

Conclusion

The results revealed significant TOM impairments in patients with schizophrenia as compared to healthy controls, with greater difficulties observed in second-order false belief tasks.

近几十年来，社会认知已成为精神分裂症研究的中心焦点。先前的多项研究报告了多个社会认知领域的损伤。精神分裂症影响社会认知的一个特殊领域是“心理理论”（TOM）。本研究的目的是检查精神分裂症人群中ToM障碍的异质性，并比较精神分裂症患者和匹配的健康对照组之间的ToM表现。方法采用阿拉伯语翻译的“TOM-15”错误信念任务，于2024年6月至2024年9月在黎巴嫩十字精神病院（HPC）进行了一项横断面研究，探讨了146名黎巴嫩慢性精神分裂症住院患者和50名健康对照者的TOM能力。结果精神分裂症患者与健康对照组之间存在显著差异，精神分裂症患者组在一阶、二阶错误信念和TOM-15理解控制任务上得分均较低。此外，在患者群体中，二阶错误信念的损害比一阶错误信念的损害更明显。BACS神经认知量表的表现与TOM-15的表现有中等程度的关联。多变量分析显示，抑郁与二级任务之间存在负相关关系，女性在TOM-15中的表现优于男性，尤其是在二级任务中。结论与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者存在显著的TOM障碍，在二级错误信念任务中表现出更大的困难。

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引用次数: 0

Cognition before and after psychosis onset: A naturalistic study of change, heterogeneity, and prognosis 精神病发作前后的认知：变化、异质性和预后的自然研究

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100387

Maria Lee , Alexis E. Cullen , Granville J. Matheson , Zheng-An Lu , Sarah E. Bergen , Carl M. Sellgren , Sophie Erhardt , Helena Fatouros-Bergman , Simon Cervenka

Aims

Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of psychotic disorders. The degree of impairment varies greatly between individuals, which may reflect different levels of decline from pre-morbid functioning. Diverse trajectories of cognitive change prior to or during development of psychosis have been hypothesized to reflect distinct underlying pathological processes. Our primary aim was to model cognitive change over time in a sample of individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and controls. The secondary aim was to explore associations between cognitive change, clinical outcomes and select biological markers.

Methods

Our sample consisted of 72 individuals with FEP and 53 controls. School grades from nationwide population registers were used as a proxy for pre-morbid cognitive ability. All participants underwent formal cognitive testing at psychosis onset, with a subset returning for testing at 1,5 year follow up. Cognitive change was modelled using linear mixed-effects models, and resulting change scores were correlated to polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid levels of complement protein C4A and clinical outcomes.

Results

Groups did not differ in school performance prior to psychosis. Psychosis onset was associated with marked cognitive decline in FEP individuals, who subsequently performed significantly worse than controls. However, cognitive change over time varied widely between FEP individuals. Degree of cognitive change was not associated with the selected biological variables but did predict worse clinical outcomes.

Conclusions

Individual cognitive trajectories may be a clinically relevant topic for further study, and larger studies are needed to further explore their potential role in stratified models of care.

目的认知功能障碍是精神障碍的核心特征。个体之间的损伤程度差异很大，这可能反映了发病前功能下降的不同程度。在精神病发展之前或发展过程中，认知变化的不同轨迹已经被假设为反映不同的潜在病理过程。我们的主要目的是在首发精神病（FEP）和对照组的个体样本中模拟认知变化随时间的变化。第二个目的是探索认知变化、临床结果和选择的生物学标志物之间的联系。方法样本包括72例FEP患者和53例对照组。来自全国人口登记的学校成绩被用作病前认知能力的代表。所有参与者在精神病发作时都接受了正式的认知测试，其中一部分在随访1年半后再次接受测试。使用线性混合效应模型对认知变化进行建模，结果变化评分与多基因风险评分、脑脊液补体蛋白C4A水平和临床结果相关。结果各组在精神病前的学业表现无显著差异。精神疾病的发作与FEP个体明显的认知能力下降有关，他们随后的表现明显比对照组差。然而，随着时间的推移，FEP个体之间的认知变化差异很大。认知改变的程度与选定的生物学变量无关，但确实预示着较差的临床结果。结论个体认知轨迹可能是一个值得进一步研究的临床相关课题，需要更大规模的研究来进一步探索其在分层护理模式中的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

ADHD and schizophrenia: Mere prodromal variant or homogeneous subgroup? ADHD和精神分裂症：仅仅是前驱变体还是同质亚群？

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100374

J.B. Schulze , F. Simnacher , T.J. Müller , J. Kirchebner , F. Quatela , C. Mikutta , S. Euler , R. von Känel , M.P. Günther

Introduction

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosed in childhood is associated with a relative risk of 4.74 (95 % CI, 4.11–5.46) for developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) later in life; if other comorbidities exist the risk is 2.1-fold higher. There is no guideline on treating ADHD in SSD and no research on the effect of this combination on length of inpatient treatment, type of pharmacotherapy and employment status. This study aims to further explore the role of ADHD in SSD.

Methods

Latent Class Analysis (LCA) uses no a priori assumptions in testing for homogeneous subgroups within a data sample of 2871 inpatient treatment cases of SSD from three psychiatric hospitals. Data was extracted from case files and statistical reports to the federal statistical office.

Results

Two subgroups are identified. One primarily consists of individuals with SSD and ADHD (estimated population size of 3 %). In comparison to the other subgroup with SSD and no ADHD (97 %), these individuals more frequently have other mental comorbidities, especially substance use disorders, are unemployed and about half are administered stimulants. All studied individuals were administered antipsychotics and length of inpatient stay was similar in both subgroups.

Conclusion

ADHD and SSD define a subgroup of individuals with specific treatment needs and additional burden of disease. ADHD is more than an initial misdiagnosis or random precursor disease of SSD. Treating psychiatrists seem to frequently administer stimulants.

儿童时期诊断出的注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）在以后的生活中发展为精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）的相对风险为4.74 (95% CI, 4.11-5.46)；如果存在其他合并症，则风险高出2.1倍。目前尚无关于SSD治疗ADHD的指南，也没有关于这种联合治疗对住院时间、药物治疗类型和就业状况影响的研究。本研究旨在进一步探讨ADHD在SSD中的作用。方法采用潜类分析法（LCA）对三家精神病院2871例住院SSD患者的数据样本进行同质亚组检验，不采用先验假设。数据摘自案件档案和提交给联邦统计局的统计报告。结果鉴定出两个亚群。一种主要由患有SSD和ADHD的个体组成（估计人口比例为3%）。与其他有SSD但没有ADHD的亚组（97%）相比，这些人更频繁地有其他精神合并症，特别是物质使用障碍，失业，约一半服用兴奋剂。所有被研究的个体都服用抗精神病药物，两个亚组的住院时间相似。结论adhd和SSD定义了一个具有特定治疗需求和额外疾病负担的个体亚组。ADHD不仅仅是一种最初的误诊或SSD的随机前兆疾病。治疗精神病医生似乎经常使用兴奋剂。

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引用次数: 0

Anomalous self-experience in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Phenomenological and psychopathological correlates 精神分裂症谱系障碍的异常自我体验：现象学和精神病理学相关性

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100389

Alessio Mosca , Stefania Chiappini , Arianna Pasino , Andrea Miuli , Carlotta Marrangone , Mauro Pettorruso , Giovanni Martinotti

Background

Anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) are increasingly recognized as core features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, reflecting disruptions of the pre-reflective self or ipseity. While ASEs have been conceptualized as foundational to psychotic vulnerability, their empirical associations with broader clinical and psychological dimensions remain underexplored.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ASEs, schizotypal traits, general psychopathology, personality dimensions, and intolerance of uncertainty in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Methods

A cross-sectional sample of clinically stable patients (n = 30) with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders was assessed using the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine associations and predictive factors of self-disturbance severity.

Results

EASE scores were significantly correlated with SPQ total and cognitive-perceptual dimensions, general psychopathology (PANSS), and intolerance of uncertainty. Regression analysis identified SPQ total positive percentage, PANSS general psychopathology scores, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty as significantly associated with ASEs, explaining 42 % of the total variance. BFQ personality traits showed no significant predictive value.

Conclusion

These findings support the conceptualization of ASEs as a core, trait-like feature of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The study highlights the interconnection between self-disturbance and schizotypy, affective dysregulation, and experiential disorganization. Incorporating phenomenological assessment into routine clinical practice may enhance early detection and inform targeted therapeutic approaches.

异常自我体验（ASEs）越来越被认为是精神分裂症谱系障碍的核心特征，反映了前反思自我或迟钝的破坏。虽然asa已经被定义为精神病易感性的基础，但它们与更广泛的临床和心理维度的经验关联仍未得到充分探讨。目的探讨精神分裂症谱系障碍与分裂型特征、一般精神病理、人格维度和不确定性耐受之间的关系。方法采用异常自我体验（EASE）、正阴性综合征量表（PANSS）、分裂型人格问卷（SPQ）、大五人格问卷（BFQ）和不确定性耐受度量表对30例临床稳定型精神分裂症谱系障碍患者进行横断面评估。采用Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析来检验自我困扰严重程度的相关性和预测因素。结果ase得分与SPQ总分、认知知觉维度、一般精神病理（PANSS）、不确定性耐受度显著相关。回归分析发现SPQ总阳性百分比、PANSS一般精神病理评分和对不确定性的预期不耐受与asa显著相关，解释了总方差的42%。BFQ人格特征无显著预测价值。结论：这些发现支持了as作为精神分裂症谱系精神病理的核心特征的概念。该研究强调了自我困扰与精神分裂、情感失调和经验紊乱之间的联系。将现象学评估纳入常规临床实践可以提高早期发现和有针对性的治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

The aperiodic and periodic activities of EEG dynamically relate with cognitive performance in schizophrenia 脑电的非周期性和周期性活动与精神分裂症患者的认知表现动态相关

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100383

Kexin Zhang , Yunfei Ji , Xiaodong Guo , Tianqi Gao , Xuemin Zhang , Xin Yu , Jing Wang

Background

Aperiodic and periodic activities of electrophysiological signals have strong correlation with various neurocognitive factors. In the current study, we aim to investigate the aperiodic exponent and periodic oscillations (alpha and beta band power) and their associations with cognitive performance in schizophrenia (SCZ).

Methods

We enrolled 32 SCZ patients and 33 healthy controls (HC) for the study. Cognitive performance was assessed using the total Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Before and after the language comprehension tasks (humor, metaphor and irony), the 5-min eyes-closed and eyes-open EEG signals were collected respectively. The aperiodic exponent and periodic power were extracted and obtained according to the division of brain regions. Finally, Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationships between the EEG parameters and behavioral measures.

Results

SCZ participants exhibited higher aperiodic exponents and lower periodic oscillations compared to HC. The aperiodic exponent decreased significantly after the tasks in central location (F (56,1) = 8.93, P = 0.004, η² = 0.14) in both groups, while the periodic oscillations had no significant change. The variance of the aperiodic exponent showed significantly negative correlation with Z scores of humor comprehension tasks (r = −0.42, P = 0.027) in SCZ. Besides, the pre-tasks aperiodic exponent in posterior location positively correlated with T scores of attention and speed of information processing (r = 0.35, P = 0.048).

Conclusions

Our findings confirmed the higher aperiodic exponent with lower alpha and beta band in SCZ, along with the variability and task-responsiveness of the aperiodic exponent. The findings suggest that aperiodic exponent holds strong cognitive functional implications in SCZ.

电生理信号的非周期性和周期性活动与各种神经认知因素有很强的相关性。在本研究中，我们旨在探讨非周期指数和周期振荡（α和β波段功率）及其与精神分裂症（SCZ）认知表现的关系。方法选择32例SCZ患者和33例健康对照进行研究。认知表现采用精神分裂症患者认知简要评估（BACS）总分进行评估。在语言理解任务（幽默、隐喻和反讽）前后，分别采集闭眼和睁眼5分钟的脑电图信号。根据脑区的划分，提取并得到了非周期指数和周期幂。最后，采用Pearson相关检验脑电参数与行为测量之间的关系。结果与HC相比，scz参与者表现出更高的非周期指数和更低的周期振荡。中心位置任务完成后，两组的非周期指数均显著下降（F (56,1) = 8.93, P = 0.004, η2 = 0.14），而周期振荡无显著变化。SCZ的非周期指数方差与幽默理解任务Z得分呈显著负相关（r = - 0.42, P = 0.027）。任务前的后验定位非周期指数与注意力和信息加工速度T得分呈正相关（r = 0.35, P = 0.048）。结论SCZ具有较高的非周期指数和较低的α和β带，以及非周期指数的变异性和任务反应性。研究结果表明，非周期指数在SCZ中具有很强的认知功能意义。

{"title":"The aperiodic and periodic activities of EEG dynamically relate with cognitive performance in schizophrenia","authors":"Kexin Zhang , Yunfei Ji , Xiaodong Guo , Tianqi Gao , Xuemin Zhang , Xin Yu , Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aperiodic and periodic activities of electrophysiological signals have strong correlation with various neurocognitive factors. In the current study, we aim to investigate the aperiodic exponent and periodic oscillations (alpha and beta band power) and their associations with cognitive performance in schizophrenia (SCZ).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled 32 SCZ patients and 33 healthy controls (HC) for the study. Cognitive performance was assessed using the total Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Before and after the language comprehension tasks (humor, metaphor and irony), the 5-min eyes-closed and eyes-open EEG signals were collected respectively. The aperiodic exponent and periodic power were extracted and obtained according to the division of brain regions. Finally, Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationships between the EEG parameters and behavioral measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SCZ participants exhibited higher aperiodic exponents and lower periodic oscillations compared to HC. The aperiodic exponent decreased significantly after the tasks in central location (<em>F</em> (56,1) = 8.93, <em>P</em> = 0.004, <em>η</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.14) in both groups, while the periodic oscillations had no significant change. The variance of the aperiodic exponent showed significantly negative correlation with <em>Z</em> scores of humor comprehension tasks (<em>r</em> = −0.42, <em>P</em> = 0.027) in SCZ. Besides, the pre-tasks aperiodic exponent in posterior location positively correlated with <em>T</em> scores of attention and speed of information processing (<em>r</em> = 0.35, <em>P</em> = 0.048).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings confirmed the higher aperiodic exponent with lower alpha and beta band in SCZ, along with the variability and task-responsiveness of the aperiodic exponent. The findings suggest that aperiodic exponent holds strong cognitive functional implications in SCZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric properties of the Social knowledge test (SKT) and the Combined stories test (COST) in people with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder 精神分裂症谱系障碍患者社会知识测验（SKT）和组合故事测验（COST）的心理测量特征

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100373

Amélie M. Achim , Elisabeth Thibaudeau , Frédéric Haesebaert , Audrey Cayouette , Caroline Cellard

Background

People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) often present with impaired social cognition. Among the measures available to assess these deficits, the Combined stories test (COST) and the Social knowledge test (SKT), that respectively target theory of mind (ToM) and social knowledge, have shown promising psychometric properties in prior studies. Test-retest reliability was however only examined in the general population, and the acceptability of these tests was not previously examined. This study aimed to further document the psychometric properties of the COST and the SKT and the acceptability of these tests in people with SSD and community controls (CO).

Methods

Forty-four (44) participants with SSD and 49 CO were administered the COST and SKT twice, about 4 weeks apart, and were asked to rate the acceptability of the tests on a 0 (Very unpleasant) to 10 (Very pleasant) point scale at both timepoints.

Results

In both groups, the results revealed an excellent inter-rater reliability and a good test-retest reliability for both tests, though the control non-social reasoning measure included in the COST showed poorer test-retest reliability in the SSD group. Some practice effects were observed but the ToM score from the COST and the SKT total score showed no evidence of ceiling effects at either timepoints. The average acceptability scores ranged between 7.8/10 and 8.3/10 for the COST and between 6.8/10 and 7.9/10 for the SKT.

Conclusion

The SKT and the COST present with good psychometric properties, representing good options for future studies or for use in clinical practice.

精神分裂症谱系障碍患者通常表现为社会认知障碍。综合故事测验（COST）和社会知识测验（SKT）分别以心理理论（ToM）和社会知识为目标，在以往的研究中显示出良好的心理测量特性。然而，测试-重测信度仅在一般人群中进行了检查，并且这些测试的可接受性先前未进行检查。本研究旨在进一步证明COST和SKT的心理测量特性，以及这些测试在SSD和社区控制（CO）人群中的可接受性。方法对44名患有SSD和49名CO的参与者进行两次COST和SKT测试，间隔约4周，并要求他们在两个时间点对测试的可接受性进行0（非常不愉快）到10（非常愉快）的评分。结果在两组中，结果均显示出优异的量表间信度和良好的重测信度，而在成本组中包含的对照非社会推理测量在SSD组中显示较差的重测信度。一些练习效果被观察到，但是从COST和SKT总分中得到的ToM分数在两个时间点上都没有显示天花板效应的证据。COST的平均可接受性得分在7.8/10到8.3/10之间，SKT的平均可接受性得分在6.8/10到7.9/10之间。结论SKT和COST具有良好的心理测量特性，为未来的研究或临床实践提供了良好的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Feature binding and detachment in psychosis: A virtual reality study 精神病的特征绑定和分离：一项虚拟现实研究

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100376

A.J. (Ante) Schlesselmann , G.H.M. (Marieke) Pijnenborg , S.A. (Saskia) Nijman , W. (Wim) Veling , R.J.C. (Rafaele) Huntjens

Background

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) significantly impact daily functioning, particularly through cognitive deficits like memory impairment. Traditionally attributed to neurobiological factors, recent evidence highlights the role of psychological processes like detachment, which may disrupt episodic memory encoding and retrieval by impairing feature binding. This study used a virtual reality (VR) paradigm to explore whether state detachment in SSDs is linked to impaired feature binding for adverse stimuli.

Methods

Twenty-five SSD patients from Dutch mental health centers and 25 individuals from the general population participated. Using an immersive VR paradigm, participants navigated a virtual shopping mall, interacted with 3D avatars, and identified their emotional facial expressions. Three memory tests followed: avatar identity recognition (basic memory), binding emotional expressions to avatars, and binding avatar identity to the encounter's temporal order. State detachment was measured using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS).

Results

The SSD and comparison group did not display significant performance differences in any of the three feature binding tasks. However, across groups, results indicated that higher state detachment levels corresponded with worsened identity-emotion binding specifically for angry faces.

Conclusion

The present study provides tentative empirical support for the role of detachment in feature binding deficits for angry faces both in the patient and comparison group. Future studies should further explore the impact of psychological mechanisms like detachment on memory dysfunction, particularly regarding aversive stimuli.

精神分裂症谱系障碍（ssd）严重影响日常功能，特别是通过记忆障碍等认知缺陷。传统上归因于神经生物学因素，最近的证据强调了心理过程的作用，如脱离，它可能通过损害特征结合来破坏情景记忆的编码和检索。本研究使用虚拟现实（VR）范式来探索固态硬盘的状态脱离是否与不良刺激的特征绑定受损有关。方法选取荷兰精神卫生中心的25例SSD患者和普通人群中的25人作为研究对象。使用沉浸式虚拟现实范式，参与者导航虚拟购物中心，与3D化身互动，并识别他们的情绪面部表情。随后进行了三个记忆测试：角色身份识别（基本记忆），将角色的情感表达与角色绑定，以及将角色身份与遭遇的时间顺序绑定。状态脱离采用临床医生管理的解离状态量表（CADSS）进行测量。结果SSD组和对照组在三个特征绑定任务中没有表现出显著的性能差异。然而，在不同的小组中，结果表明，更高的状态脱离水平与更糟糕的身份-情绪绑定相对应，特别是对于愤怒的面孔。结论本研究为脱离在愤怒面孔特征结合缺陷中的作用提供了初步的实证支持。未来的研究应进一步探讨心理机制如超脱对记忆功能障碍的影响，特别是对厌恶刺激的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility and acceptability of combining cognitive remediation and tDCS in long-term psychiatric clinical care 认知修复联合tDCS在精神科长期临床护理中的可行性和可接受性

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100358

Anika Poppe , Leonie Bais , Daniëlle van Duin , Branislava Ćurčić-Blake , Gerdina Hendrika Maria Pijnenborg , Lisette van der Meer

Background and hypothesis

Cognitive impairments are commonly experienced by individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) and are associated with problems in everyday life. This pragmatic, randomized, controlled, pilot trial explored the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effects of cognitive remediation (CR) combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for cognitive and everyday functioning in individuals with SMI in long-term psychiatric clinical care. We hypothesized that combining CR and tDCS is feasible and acceptable to individuals with SMI.

Study design

Twenty-four individuals with SMI were randomized to either CR + active tDCS (n = 13) or CR + sham tDCS (n = 11) over 32 sessions (16 weeks). Acceptability was evaluated in semi-structured interviews. Cognitive and everyday functioning were evaluated at baseline, post-16 week waiting period, post-intervention, and 6-months post-intervention.

Study results

Overall, participants were positive about the training. Over 60 % of participants successfully finished at least 20 sessions, meeting the predefined criteria for feasibility. CR appeared to yield subjective improvements to participants, significant improvements in cognitive tests post-intervention and at follow-up and improved self-reported negative symptoms at follow-up. Observer-rated everyday functioning and cognition, and subjective cognitive complaints did not change following CR.

Conclusions

This study concludes that CR is an acceptable and feasible intervention for individuals with SMI in long-term psychiatric clinical care. The addition of tDCS requires further investigation to ascertain its potential benefits.

背景和假设重度精神疾病（SMI）患者通常会经历认知障碍，并且与日常生活中的问题有关。这项实用、随机、对照的先导试验探讨了认知修复（CR）联合经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）治疗重度精神障碍患者认知和日常功能长期临床护理的可接受性、可行性和初步效果。我们假设结合CR和tDCS对重度精神障碍患者是可行和可接受的。研究设计24名重度精神障碍患者在32个疗程（16周）内随机分为CR +活动性tDCS组（n = 13）或CR +假性tDCS组（n = 11）。在半结构化访谈中评估可接受性。认知和日常功能在基线、16周后等待期、干预后和干预后6个月进行评估。研究结果总体而言，参与者对培训持积极态度。超过60%的参与者成功完成了至少20次会议，符合预先确定的可行性标准。CR似乎给参与者带来了主观的改善，干预后和随访时认知测试的显著改善，随访时自我报告的阴性症状也有所改善。观察者评价的日常功能和认知，以及主观认知主诉在CR后没有改变。结论CR是一种可接受和可行的干预措施，适用于重度精神障碍患者的长期精神病学临床护理。增加tDCS需要进一步调查以确定其潜在的好处。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms 认知储备（教育）、社会认知与阴性症状的关系

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100379

Sebastián Lema Spinelli , Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Testal , Álvaro Cabana , Sandra Romano , Leonel Gómez-Sena

Background

Negative symptoms (NS) are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, yet their relationship with cognitive reserve (defined by educational attainment) and social cognition remains underexplored. This study examined whether education predicts NS and whether this relationship is mediated by social cognition, specifically emotional or inferential theory of mind Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) vs. the Hinting Test.

Methods

A mediation model and multiple regression analysis were conducted within an ex-post-facto, cross-sectional design. The sample included 144 participants: 69 diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 75 healthy controls. Women comprised 52.8 % of the sample, with a mean age of 42.67 years (SD = 15.88). The average years of formal education were 8.37 (SD = 2.77) in the patient group and 8.62 (SD = 3.66) in the control group.

Results

The mediation model explained 67.57 % of the variance in NS, with age as a covariate. RMET showed a significant indirect effect (d = −0.22) in predicting NS, while HT did not (d = −0.12). In the patient group, multiple regression analysis explained 69.2 % of the variance, with education emerging as a significant predictor of NS.

Conclusions

Education, as an indicator of cognitive reserve, significantly predicts NS. This relationship is mediated by social cognition, with differential effects depending on the specific type of social cognition, either within the patient group or across the entire sample. These findings highlight the importance of cognitive reserve and social cognition in understanding and potentially mitigating NS in schizophrenia.

阴性症状（NS）是精神分裂症谱系障碍的核心特征，但其与认知储备（由受教育程度定义）和社会认知的关系仍未得到充分探讨。本研究考察了教育是否能预测NS，以及这种关系是否受到社会认知的调节，特别是情感或推理的心理理论（RMET和暗示测试）。方法采用事后横断面设计，建立中介模型并进行多元回归分析。样本包括144名参与者：69名诊断为精神分裂症谱系障碍，75名健康对照。女性占样本的52.8%，平均年龄为42.67岁（SD = 15.88）。患者组平均受教育年限为8.37年（SD = 2.77），对照组为8.62年（SD = 3.66）。结果以年龄为协变量，中介模型解释了67.57%的NS方差。RMET在预测NS方面有显著的间接作用（d = - 0.22），而HT没有（d = - 0.12）。在患者组中，多元回归分析解释了69.2%的方差，教育成为NS的重要预测因子。结论诱导作为认知储备指标对NS有显著预测作用。这种关系是由社会认知介导的，根据特定类型的社会认知，无论是在患者群体内还是在整个样本中，都会产生不同的影响。这些发现强调了认知储备和社会认知在理解和潜在地减轻精神分裂症NS中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Awareness and management of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in psychiatrists and patients: Results from a cross-sectional survey 精神科医生和患者对精神分裂症相关认知障碍的认识和管理：一项横断面调查的结果

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100375

Tomiki Sumiyoshi , Satoru Ikezawa , Kaori Inaba , Tatsuro Marumoto , Ichiro Kusumi , Kazuyuki Nakagome

This study evaluated awareness, management, and the burden of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) in Japan. A non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted online between April and December 2023, involving 149 psychiatrists and 852 patients. Psychiatrists prioritized controlling positive symptoms in the acute phase of the illness, while improving social functioning was the top priority for the maintenance/stable phase. Management of CIAS was regarded as most important for the reintegration of patients into society. Psychiatrists reported higher occurrence of CIAS among inpatients than outpatients. While 72 % of psychiatrists assessed CIAS, only 15 % used the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Further, 58 % of them reported that ≤40 % of their patients received interventions for CIAS. Sixty-eight percent of patients reported current or previous experiences of CIAS. The most common CIAS-related burdens were “unable to perform tasks I could do before or they take longer” (65 %) and “unable to maintain concentration” (64 %). In patients not currently experiencing CIAS (n = 496), these burdens were reported by 52 % and 50 %, respectively. Although CIAS was generally recognized by psychiatrists, the use of appropriate assessment tools and interventions was not common. While many patients reported CIAS-related burdens, a substantial proportion of them were unaware of CIAS. These observations indicate that the greater awareness of CIAS may facilitate its management in clinical practice, thus enhancing the ability of patients to reintegrate into society.

本研究评估了日本精神分裂症相关认知障碍（CIAS）的意识、管理和负担。一项非介入性的横断面研究于2023年4月至12月在线进行，涉及149名精神科医生和852名患者。精神科医生在疾病的急性期优先考虑控制阳性症状，而在维持/稳定期优先考虑改善社会功能。CIAS的管理被认为是患者重新融入社会的最重要的。精神科医生报告住院患者的CIAS发生率高于门诊患者。虽然72%的精神科医生评估了CIAS，但只有15%的人使用了精神分裂症认知简要评估。此外，58%的医生报告说，≤40%的患者接受了CIAS干预。68%的患者报告了目前或以前的CIAS经历。最常见的与cias相关的负担是“无法完成以前可以完成的任务或需要更长的时间”（65%）和“无法保持注意力集中”（64%）。在目前未经历CIAS的患者中（n = 496），分别有52%和50%的患者报告了这些负担。虽然精神科医生普遍认可CIAS，但使用适当的评估工具和干预措施并不常见。虽然许多患者报告了与CIAS相关的负担，但其中很大一部分人并不知道CIAS。这些观察结果表明，提高对CIAS的认识可能有助于临床实践中对其进行管理，从而提高患者重新融入社会的能力。

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引用次数: 0