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The Category Fluency Test components and their association with cognition and symptoms in adolescents with schizophrenia 青少年精神分裂症的类别流畅性测试成分及其与认知和症状的关系
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100296
Rogelio Apiquian , Ricardo Díaz , Gamaliel Victoria , Rosa-Elena Ulloa

Background

The category Fluency Test (CFT) is included in the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery for schizophrenia (MCCB). This test has several components that allow the exploration of other cognitive functions and could be related to different symptom profiles.

Methods

a sample of 98 Mexican adolescents was evaluated with the CFT and the following components were analyzed: total words, errors, clusters, switching, related words, and categories. Demographic and clinical differences among them and correlations with other MCCB tests and with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) factors were explored.

Results

The CFT components showed significant correlations with each other and with other MCCB tests, particularly with those related to verbal learning, working memory, and speed of processing. In addition, they showed moderate correlations with the total PANSS score and with the negative, positive, and cognitive PANSS factors.

Conclusions

The analysis of CFT components allows clinicians and investigators to obtain information regarding other cognitive functions and symptom profiles in adolescents with schizophrenia.

背景类别流畅性测试(CFT)包含在精神分裂症(MCCB)的matrix共识认知电池中。该测试有几个组成部分,允许探索其他认知功能,并可能与不同的症状概况有关。方法采用CFT量表对98名墨西哥青少年进行测评,并对总字数、错误字数、聚类、转换字数、相关字数和类别进行分析。探讨两组患者的人口学和临床差异,以及与其他MCCB检测结果和阳性阴性综合征量表(PANSS)因素的相关性。结果CFT各组成部分之间以及与其他MCCB测试之间均存在显著的相关性,尤其是与语言学习、工作记忆和加工速度相关的部分。此外,它们与PANSS总分以及消极、积极和认知PANSS因素表现出中度相关性。结论CFT成分的分析使临床医生和研究人员能够获得有关精神分裂症青少年其他认知功能和症状概况的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Associative learning and facial expression recognition in schizophrenic patients: Effects of social presence 精神分裂症患者的联想学习和面部表情识别:社会存在的影响
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100295
Khansa Charaf , Mohamed Agoub , Driss Boussaoud

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychiatric disorder that alters both general and social cognition. However, the exact mechanisms that are altered remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated associative learning (AL) and facial expression recognition (FER) in the same patients, using emotional expressions and abstract images. Our main aim was to investigate how these cognitive abilities are affected by SCZ and to assess the role of mere social presence, a factor that has not been considered before. The study compared the behavioral performance of 60 treated outpatients with SCZ and 103 demographically matched healthy volunteers. In the AL task, participants had to associate abstract images or facial expressions with key presses, guided by feedback on each trial. In the FER task, they had to report whether two successively presented facial expressions were the same or different. All participants performed the two tasks under two social context conditions: alone or in the presence of a passive but attentive audience. The results showed a severe learning impairment in patients compared to controls, with a slight advantage for facial expressions compared to abstract images, and a gender-dependent effect of social presence. In contrast, facial expression recognition was partially spared in patients and facilitated by social presence. We conclude that cognitive abilities are impaired in patients with SCZ, but their investigation needs to take into account the social context in which they are assessed.

精神分裂症(SCZ)是一种改变一般认知和社会认知的精神疾病。然而,改变的确切机制仍有待阐明。在本研究中,我们研究了同一患者的联想学习(AL)和面部表情识别(FER),使用情绪表达和抽象图像。我们的主要目的是调查这些认知能力如何受到SCZ的影响,并评估仅仅社会存在的作用,这是一个以前没有考虑过的因素。该研究比较了60名患有SCZ的门诊患者和103名人口统计学匹配的健康志愿者的行为表现。在人工智能任务中,参与者必须在每次试验的反馈指导下,将抽象图像或面部表情与按键联系起来。在FER任务中,他们必须报告两个连续出现的面部表情是相同还是不同。所有的参与者都在两种社会环境条件下完成了这两项任务:单独或有一个被动但专注的观众在场。结果显示,与对照组相比,患者有严重的学习障碍,面部表情与抽象图像相比略有优势,以及社会存在的性别依赖效应。相比之下,患者的面部表情识别在一定程度上幸免于社交存在,并得到了促进。我们的结论是,SCZ患者的认知能力受损,但他们的调查需要考虑到他们被评估的社会背景。
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引用次数: 0
On the specificity of figurative language comprehension impairment in schizophrenia and its relation to cognitive skills but not psychopathological symptoms - Study on metaphor, humor and irony 精神分裂症比喻性语言理解障碍的特殊性及其与认知技能而非心理病理症状的关系——隐喻、幽默和反讽研究
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100294
Przemysław Adamczyk , Joanna Biczak , Katarzyna Kotlarska , Artur Daren , Łukasz Cichocki

People with schizophrenia have difficulty understanding figurative expressions, such as metaphors, humor or irony. The present study investigated the specificity of figurative language impairment in schizophrenia and its relation with cognitive and psychotic symptoms. It included 54 schizophrenia and 54 age and sex-matched healthy subjects who performed a cognitive screening (ACE-III) and figurative language comprehension task consisting of 60 short stories with three types of endings: a figurative one and its literal and an absurd (meaningless) counterparts. Each figurative domain – metaphor, humor, irony - was split into two sub-domains, i.e., conventional and novel metaphors, intended-to-be-funny and social-norm-violation jokes, simple irony and critical sarcasm, respectively. The main findings are: i) in schizophrenia, figurative language deficit manifests itself in each domain; ii) the most pronounced subdomain-specific impairment has been found for novel vs conventional metaphors and irony vs sarcasm; iii) altered figurative language comprehension was related to diminished cognitive abilities but not to psychopathology symptoms (PANSS) or other clinical characteristics. This may suggest that figurative language impairment, as a specific part of communication deficit, may be regarded as an essential characteristic of schizophrenia, related to primary cognitive deficits but independent of psychopathology.

精神分裂症患者很难理解比喻、幽默或讽刺等形象表达。本研究探讨了精神分裂症比喻语言障碍的特异性及其与认知和精神病症状的关系。它包括54名精神分裂症患者和54名年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者,他们进行了认知筛查(ACE-III)和形象语言理解任务,该任务由60个短篇小说组成,有三种类型的结局:形象小说、字面小说和荒谬(无意义)小说。每个比喻领域——隐喻、幽默、讽刺——被分为两个子领域,即传统隐喻和小说隐喻,分别是搞笑和违反社会规范的笑话、简单讽刺和批判性讽刺。主要发现:(1)在精神分裂症患者中,形象语言缺陷表现在各个领域;ii)在小说隐喻与传统隐喻以及讽刺与讽刺中发现了最明显的子域特异性损伤;iii)形象语言理解的改变与认知能力下降有关,但与精神病理学症状(PANSS)或其他临床特征无关。这可能表明,形象语言障碍作为沟通缺陷的一个特定部分,可能被视为精神分裂症的一个基本特征,与原发性认知缺陷有关,但与精神病理学无关。
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引用次数: 0
Self-report versus performance based executive functioning in people with psychotic disorders 精神病患者的自我报告与基于表现的执行功能
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100293
B.C. van Aken , R. Rietveld , A.I. Wierdsma , Y. Voskes , G.H.M. Pijnenborg , J. van Weeghel , C.L. Mulder

Background

Although executive functioning is often measured using performance-based measures, these measures have their limits, and self-report measures may provide added value. Especially since these two types of measures often do not correlate with one another. It thus has been proposed they might measure different aspects of the same construct. To explore the differences between a performance-based measure of executive functioning and a self-report measure, we examined their associations in patients with a psychotic disorder with the following: other neurocognitive measures; psychotic symptoms; anxiety and depression symptoms, and daily-life outcome measures.

Method

This cross-sectional study consisted of baseline measures collected as part of a cohort study of people with a psychotic disorder (the UP'S study; n = 301). The Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning Adult version (BRIEF-A) was used to assess self-rated executive functioning, and the Tower of London (TOL) to assess performance-based executive functioning. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used with the appropriate distribution and link function to study the associations between TOL and BRIEF-A, and the other variables, including the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale-Remission (PANSS-R), the General Anxiety Disorder – 7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Model selection was based on the Wald test.

Results

The TOL was associated with other neurocognitive measures, such as verbal list learning (β = 0.24), digit sequencing (β = 0.35); token motor task (β = 0.20); verbal fluency (β = 0.24); symbol coding (β = 0.43); and a screener for intelligence (β = 2.02). It was not associated with PANNS-R or WHO-DAS scores. In contrast, the BRIEF-A was associated not with other neurocognitive measures, but with the PANSS-R (β = 0.32); PHQ-9 (β = 0.52); and GAD-7 (β = 0.55); and with all the WHODAS domains: cognition domain (β = 0.54), mobility domain (β = 0.30) and selfcare domain (β = 0.22).

Conclusion

Performance-based and self-report measures of executive functioning measure different aspects of executive functioning. Both have different associations with neurocognition, symptomatology and daily functioning measures. The difference between the two instruments is probably due to differences in the underlying construct assessed.

背景尽管执行功能通常使用基于绩效的衡量标准来衡量,但这些衡量标准有其局限性,自我报告的衡量标准可能会带来附加值。特别是因为这两种类型的度量通常彼此不相关。因此有人提出,它们可以测量同一结构的不同方面。为了探索基于绩效的执行功能测量和自我报告测量之间的差异,我们研究了它们在精神病患者中与以下方面的关系:其他神经认知测量;精神病症状;焦虑和抑郁症状以及日常生活结果测量。方法这项横断面研究包括作为精神病患者队列研究的一部分收集的基线测量(UP研究;n=301)。成人版执行功能行为评定量表(BRIEF-A)用于评估自我评定的执行功能,伦敦塔(TOL)用于评估基于绩效的执行功能。使用具有适当分布和链接函数的广义线性模型(GLM)来研究TOL和BRIEF-A以及其他变量之间的关系,包括精神分裂症认知简要评估(BACS)、阳性和阴性症状量表缓解(PANSS-R)、一般性焦虑症-7(GAD-7),患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)和世界卫生组织残疾评估表2.0(WHODAS 2.0)。模型选择基于Wald检验。结果TOL与其他神经认知指标相关,如言语列表学习(β=0.24)、数字排序(β=0.35);表征运动任务(β=0.20);语言流利度(β=0.24);符号编码(β=0.43);与PANNS-R或WHO-DAS评分无关。相反,BRIEF-A与其他神经认知指标无关,但与PANSS-R相关(β=0.32);PHQ-9(β=0.52);β=0.55);以及WHODAS的所有领域:认知领域(β=0.54)、行动领域(β0.30)和自我照顾领域(β0.22)。两者都与神经认知、症状学和日常功能测量有不同的联系。这两种工具之间的差异可能是由于所评估的基本结构存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
Intrusive-like memory errors associate with positive schizotypy 侵入性记忆错误与积极型精神分裂症有关。
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100291
William N. Koller , Tyrone D. Cannon

Schizophrenia is characterized by memory impairments, yet the relationships between its distinct symptom clusters (i.e., positive, negative, disorganized) and specific aspects of memory dysfunction remain poorly characterized. In the present study, we compiled a large analog sample (N = 795) to test whether positive symptoms, versus negative and disorganized symptoms, were uniquely and differentially related to false alarm versus miss errors during recognition memory. Mixed-effects beta regression analyses revealed that both positive schizotypy and paranoia were more strongly associated with false alarms than misses. Disorganized schizotypy showed a similar pattern, though to a lesser extent; negative schizotypy showed a significant relationship with neither false alarm nor miss errors. We suggest that those higher in positive schizotypy are especially prone to misattribute signal to noise stimuli during recognition memory – characteristic of an “intrusive-like” profile of memory impairment, wherein context-irrelevant stimuli trigger spurious retrieval events – and speculate on the neural processes that might give rise to this asymmetry.

精神分裂症的特点是记忆障碍,但其不同的症状群(即阳性、阴性、无组织)与记忆功能障碍的特定方面之间的关系仍不明确。在本研究中,我们汇编了一个大的模拟样本(N=795),以测试阳性症状与阴性和无组织症状是否与识别记忆过程中的虚警和失误有着独特和差异的关系。混合效应β回归分析显示,阳性精神分裂症和妄想症与假警报的相关性比与失误的相关性更强。无序分裂型表现出相似的模式,尽管程度较低;阴性分裂型与假警和失误均无显著关系。我们认为,那些阳性分裂型较高的人在识别记忆过程中特别容易将信号与噪声刺激错误归因——这是记忆损伤的“侵入性”特征,其中与上下文无关的刺激会触发虚假的检索事件——并推测可能导致这种不对称的神经过程。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation analysis between insomnia symptoms and language function in patients with schizophrenia 精神分裂症患者失眠症状与语言功能的相关性分析
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100292
Wu Linlin, Ji Ruofei, Chen Hudan, Tang Ruxuan, Yao Jing

Objective

To explore the correlation between insomnia and language ability in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

120 patients with schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to January 2022 were enrolled as the research objects. According to the total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Index (PSQI), they were divided into the insomnia group (PSQI total score > 10 points) and the non-insomnia group (PSQI total score ≤ 10 points). To compare the difference in verbal fluency scale between insomnia and non-insomnia groups and to understand the correlation between insomnia symptoms and language ability in patients with schizophrenia.

Results

There were no significant differences in age, gender, and years of education between the insomnia group and the non-insomnia group (P > 0.05). The total score of the verbal fluency test (VFT) in the insomnia group was significantly different from that in the non-insomnia group (P < 0.01). The total score of the insomnia group was lower than that of the non-insomnia group, and the factors (fluency animal, fluency fruit and vegetable, speech fluency, motor fluency) were lower than that of the non-insomnia group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the total verbal fluency score in schizophrenia patients was negatively correlated with insomnia symptoms (P < 0.05). Schizophrenia patients with insomnia symptoms had worse language ability than those without.

Conclusion

There is a significant difference in language ability between schizophrenia patients with insomnia and those without insomnia symptoms. This suggests that schizophrenia patients with insomnia have a greater probability of language ability disorder.

目的探讨精神分裂症患者失眠与语言能力的相关性。方法以我院2020年6月至2022年1月收治的120例精神分裂症患者为研究对象。根据匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)总分,将其分为失眠组(PSQI总分>;10分)和非失眠组(PSQI总分≤10分)。比较失眠组和非失眠组语言流利度量表的差异,了解精神分裂症患者失眠症状与语言能力的相关性。结果失眠组与非失眠组在年龄、性别、受教育年限等方面差异无统计学意义(P>;0.05)。失眠组的语言流利性测试总分与非失眠症组有显著差异(P<;0.01),失眠组总分低于非失眠组,动物流利性、果蔬流利性、言语流利性、运动流利性低于非失眠组。Logistic回归分析显示,精神分裂症患者的语言流利度总分与失眠症状呈负相关(P<;0.05)。结论有失眠症状的精神分裂症患者与无失眠症状的患者在语言能力上存在显著差异。这表明失眠的精神分裂症患者患语言能力障碍的可能性更大。
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引用次数: 0
Augmentation therapy with serotonin1A receptor partial agonists on neurocognitive function in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis 血清素1A受体部分激动剂对精神分裂症神经认知功能的增强治疗:系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100290
Risa Yamada , Ayumu Wada , Andrew Stickley , Yuma Yokoi , Tomiki Sumiyoshi

Background

In a previous meta-analysis, the use of serotonin1A(5-HT1A) receptor partial agonists of the azapirone class as an add-on therapy was associated with beneficial effects on positive symptoms and attention/processing speed in schizophrenia patients. This meta-analysis builds on that study by examining the effects of adjunctive treatment with 5-HT1A partial agonists in improving other domains of neurocognitive function in schizophrenia patients.

Methods

A literature search was performed from 1987 to May 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was calculated when there were two or more studies. Four studies, involving 313 patients, met the inclusion criteria and were used in the analysis.

Results

5-HT1A partial agonists (buspirone or tandospirone) did not have a significant effect on verbal learning (SMD = 0.08, 95 % CI = −0.31 to 0.47) or working memory (SMD = 0.15, 95 % CI = −0.09 to 0.39). Regarding executive functions (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), positive but non-significant results were seen with the category number (SMD = 0.26, 95 % CI = −0.81 to 1.32), while non-significant effects were noted for percent preservation errors (SMD = −0.10, 95 % CI = −0.53 to 0.33).

Conclusions

The absence of any significant benefits in the cognitive domains studied here may have been due to the variance in the concomitant medication (typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs), the level of cognition at baseline, or other factors. Further studies with various types of 5-HT1A agonists are warranted to examine the potential cognitive efficacy of stimulating these receptors.

背景在之前的一项荟萃分析中,使用阿匹环酮类血清素1A(5-HT1A)受体部分激动剂作为附加疗法,对精神分裂症患者的阳性症状和注意力/处理速度有有益影响。这项荟萃分析建立在这项研究的基础上,通过检查5-HT1A部分激动剂辅助治疗对改善精神分裂症患者神经认知功能其他领域的影响。方法检索1987年至2023年5月的文献,确定随机对照试验。当有两项或两项以上研究时,计算具有95%置信区间(CI)的标准化平均差(SMD)。四项研究涉及313名患者,符合纳入标准并用于分析。结果5-HT1A部分激动剂(丁螺环酮或坦多螺环酮)对言语学习(SMD=0.08,95%CI=-0.31~0.47)或工作记忆(SMD=0.15,95%CI=-0.09~0.39)无显著影响,而保存误差百分比没有显著影响(SMD=-0.10,95%CI=-0.53-0.33)。结论本文研究的认知领域没有任何显著益处可能是由于伴随用药(典型抗精神病药物与非典型抗精神病药)、基线认知水平或其他因素的差异。有必要对各种类型的5-HT1A激动剂进行进一步研究,以检查刺激这些受体的潜在认知功效。
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引用次数: 0
Social cognition and apathy between two cognitive subtypes of schizophrenia: Are there the same or different profiles? 精神分裂症两种认知亚型之间的社会认知和冷漠:有相同或不同的特征吗?
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100287
Shih-Kuang Chiang , Shih-Min Lai , Tsung-Ming Hu

Objective

Cognitive impairment is an essential feature of schizophrenia, and it involves a broad array of nonsocial and social cognitive domains. This study aimed to examine whether there are the same or different social cognition profiles between two cognitive subtypes of schizophrenia.

Method

There were one hundred and two chronic and institutionalized patients with schizophrenia from two referral tracks. One group is “Cognitively Normal Range” (CNR) (N = 52), and another group is “Below Normal Range” (BNR) (N = 50). We assessed or collected their apathy, emotional perception judgment, facial expression judgment, and empathy by the Apathy Evaluation Scale, the International Affective Picture System, the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expression of Emotion, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, respectively.

Results

We found different impairment profiles depending on the cognitive subtypes of the patient with schizophrenia. Surprisingly, the CNR presented impairments in apathy, emotional perception judgment, facial expression judgment, and empathy and feature impairment in empathy and affective apathy. In contrast, even though the BNR had significant neurocognition impairments, they had almost intact empathy with significantly impaired cognitive apathy. Both groups' global deficit scores (GDSs) were comparable, and all reached at least a mild impairment level.

Conclusions

The CNR and the BNR had similar abilities in emotional perception judgment and facial emotion recognition. They also had differentiable deficits in apathy and empathy. Our findings provide important clinical implications for neuropsychological pathology and treatment in schizophrenia.

认知障碍是精神分裂症的一个基本特征,它涉及广泛的非社会和社会认知领域。本研究旨在检验精神分裂症的两种认知亚型之间是否存在相同或不同的社会认知特征。方法对102例精神分裂症慢性住院患者进行两次转诊。其中一组为“认知正常范围”(CNR)(N=52),另一组为《低于正常范围》(BNR)(N=50)。我们分别通过冷漠评估量表、国际情感图片系统、日本人和高加索人的面部情绪表达以及人际反应指数来评估或收集他们的冷漠、情绪感知判断、面部表情判断和同理心。结果根据精神分裂症患者的认知亚型,我们发现了不同的损伤特征。令人惊讶的是,CNR在冷漠、情绪感知判断、面部表情判断和移情方面存在障碍,并在移情和情感冷漠方面存在特征性障碍。相比之下,尽管BNR有严重的神经认知障碍,但他们的同理心几乎完好无损,认知冷漠严重受损。两组的全球赤字评分(GDS)具有可比性,且均达到轻度损伤水平。结论CNR和BNR在情绪感知判断和面部情绪识别方面具有相似的能力。他们在冷漠和同理心方面也有明显的缺陷。我们的研究结果为精神分裂症的神经心理病理学和治疗提供了重要的临床意义。
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引用次数: 0
Do loneliness and social exclusion breed paranoia? An experience sampling investigation across the psychosis continuum 孤独和社会排斥会滋生偏执狂吗?精神病连续体的经验抽样调查
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100282
Victoria Bell , Eva Velthorst , Jorge Almansa , Inez Myin-Germeys , Sukhi Shergill , Anne-Kathrin Fett

Background

The role of loneliness and social exclusion in the development of paranoia is largely unexplored. Negative affect may mediate potential associations between these factors. We investigated the temporal relationships of daily-life loneliness, felt social exclusion, negative affect, and paranoia across the psychosis continuum.

Method

Seventy-five participants, including 29 individuals with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis, 20 first-degree relatives, and 26 controls used an Experience Sampling Method (ESM) app to capture the fluctuations in loneliness, feelings of social exclusion, paranoia, and negative affect across a 1-week period. Data were analysed with multilevel regression analyses.

Results

In all groups, loneliness and feelings of social exclusion were independent predictors of paranoia over time (b = 0.05, p < .001 and b = 0.04, p < .05, respectively). Negative affect predicted paranoia (b = 0.17, p < .001) and partially mediated the associations between loneliness, social exclusion, and paranoia. It also predicted loneliness (b = 0.15, p < .0001), but not social exclusion (b = 0.04, p = .21) over time. Paranoia predicted social exclusion over time, with more pronounced effects in controls (b = 0.43) than patients (b = 0.19; relatives: b = 0.17); but not loneliness (b = 0.08, p = .16).

Conclusion

Paranoia and negative affect worsen in all groups following feelings of loneliness and social exclusion. This highlights the importance of a sense of belonging and being included for mental well-being. Loneliness, feeling socially excluded, and negative affect were independent predictors of paranoid thinking, suggesting they represent useful targets in its treatment.

背景孤独和社会排斥在多疑症发展中的作用在很大程度上尚未被探索。负面影响可能介导这些因素之间的潜在关联。我们调查了精神病连续体中日常生活孤独感、社会排斥感、负面影响和偏执狂的时间关系。方法75名参与者,包括29名被诊断为非情感性精神病的患者、20名一级亲属和26名对照者,使用经验抽样方法(ESM)应用程序来捕捉1周内孤独感、社会排斥感、偏执狂和负面影响的波动。数据采用多水平回归分析。结果在所有组中,随着时间的推移,孤独感和社会排斥感是偏执狂的独立预测因素(分别为b=0.05,p<;.001和b=0.04,p<;.05)。负面影响预测了妄想症(b=0.17,p<;.001),并部分介导了孤独、社会排斥和妄想症之间的关联。它还预测了孤独感(b=0.15,p<;.0001),但没有预测社会排斥(b=0.04,p=.21)。随着时间的推移,偏执狂预测了社会排斥,对照组(b=0.43)的影响比患者(b=0.19;亲属:b=0.17)更明显;而不是孤独(b=0.08,p=.16)。结论在孤独感和社会排斥感之后,所有组的偏执和负面情绪都会恶化。这突出了归属感和被包容对心理健康的重要性。孤独感、被社会排斥感和负面影响是偏执思维的独立预测因素,这表明它们是治疗偏执思维的有用靶点。
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引用次数: 3
Differences in social perception in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder 精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者社会认知的差异
IF 2.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100286
Alvaro Cavieres, Vanessa Acuña, Marcelo Arancibia, Nicolas Lopetegui

People with schizophrenia have difficulties recognizing other people's expressions, emotional states, and intentions; however, much less is known about their ability to perceive and understand social interactions. We used scenes depicting social situations to compare responses from 90 volunteers (healthy controls [HC], schizophrenia [SZ], and bipolar disorder [BD] outpatients from the Hospital del Salvador in Valparaíso, Chile) to the question: “What do you think is happening in the scene?” Independent blind raters assigned a score of 0 (absent), 1 (partial), or 2 (present) for each item based on whether the description identifies a) the context, b) the people, and c) the interaction depicted in the scenes. Regarding the context of the scenes, the SZ and BD groups scored significantly lower than the HC group, with no significant difference between the SZ and BD groups. Regarding the identification of the people and the interactions, the SZ group scored lower than the HC and BD groups, with no significant difference between the HC and BD groups. An ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between diagnosis, cognitive performance, and the results of the social perception test. The diagnosis had an effect on context (p = .001) and people (p = .0001) but not on interactions (p = .08). Cognitive performance had a significant effect on interactions (p = .008) but not on context (p = .88) or people (p = .62). Our main result is that people with schizophrenia may have significant difficulties perceiving and understanding social encounters between other people.

精神分裂症患者难以识别他人的表情、情绪状态和意图;然而,人们对他们感知和理解社会互动的能力知之甚少。我们使用描绘社会情境的场景来比较90名志愿者(智利瓦尔帕莱索萨尔瓦多医院的健康对照[HC]、精神分裂症[SZ]和双相情感障碍[BD]门诊患者)对以下问题的反应:“你认为场景中发生了什么?”,或者基于描述是否识别a)上下文,b)人,以及c)场景中描绘的交互,每个项目2个(存在)。关于场景的背景,SZ和BD组的得分显著低于HC组,SZ组和BD组之间没有显著差异。在人的识别和互动方面,SZ组的得分低于HC组和BD组,HC组和BD组之间没有显著差异。ANCOVA用于检查诊断、认知表现和社会感知测试结果之间的关系。诊断对情境(p=0.001)和人(p=0.0001)有影响,但对互动没有影响(p=0.08)。认知表现对互动有显著影响(p=0.008),但对情境(p=.88)或人(p=.62)没有影响。我们的主要结果是,精神分裂症患者可能在感知和理解他人之间的社交遭遇方面存在显著困难。
{"title":"Differences in social perception in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder","authors":"Alvaro Cavieres,&nbsp;Vanessa Acuña,&nbsp;Marcelo Arancibia,&nbsp;Nicolas Lopetegui","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2023.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People with schizophrenia have difficulties recognizing other people's expressions, emotional states, and intentions; however, much less is known about their ability to perceive and understand social interactions. We used scenes depicting social situations to compare responses from 90 volunteers (healthy controls [HC], schizophrenia [SZ], and bipolar disorder [BD] outpatients from the Hospital del Salvador in Valparaíso, Chile) to the question: “What do you think is happening in the scene?” Independent blind raters assigned a score of 0 (absent), 1 (partial), or 2 (present) for each item based on whether the description identifies a) the context, b) the people, and c) the interaction depicted in the scenes. Regarding the context of the scenes, the SZ and BD groups scored significantly lower than the HC group, with no significant difference between the SZ and BD groups. Regarding the identification of the people and the interactions, the SZ group scored lower than the HC and BD groups, with no significant difference between the HC and BD groups. An ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between diagnosis, cognitive performance, and the results of the social perception test. The diagnosis had an effect on context (<em>p</em> = .001) and people (<em>p</em> = .0001) but not on interactions (<em>p</em> = .08). Cognitive performance had a significant effect on interactions (<em>p</em> = .008) but not on context (<em>p</em> = .88) or people (<em>p</em> = .62). Our main result is that people with schizophrenia may have significant difficulties perceiving and understanding social encounters between other people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/76/main.PMC10189461.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9868454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Schizophrenia Research-Cognition
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