Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献_第2页

Unique signatures in verbal fluency task performance in schizophrenia and depression 精神分裂症和抑郁症患者言语流畅性任务表现的独特特征

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100407

Sunghye Cho , Yan Cong , Aarush Mehta , Amir H. Nikzad , Sarah A. Berretta , Leily M. Behbehani , Mark Liberman , Sunny X. Tang

Background

Verbal fluency tasks reveal consistent impairments among individuals with schizophrenia (SSD) and shed valuable insight on semantic and cognitive processing. However, comparisons with other psychiatric groups remain limited. Doing so may help clarify whether characteristics are unique to SSD versus shared across diagnoses. This study compared verbal fluency responses among participants with SSD, unipolar depression, and healthy volunteers (HV).

Methods

Participants with SSD (n = 64), unipolar depression (n = 70), and HVs (n = 37) completed letter- and category-guided verbal fluency tasks. Using automated pipelines, we extracted total correct responses, pause durations, first response latency, semantic and phonemic distances, and the number and size of semantic/phonemic clusters. Associations between fluency metrics and clinical ratings of speech disturbances (e.g., incoherence, inefficiency) were examined within patient groups.

Results

Groups differed significantly in total fluency scores, particularly on the category fluency task, with the greatest impairment in SSD and intermediate effects in depression. Significant pairwise group differences emerged in the number of semantic and phonemic clusters in the category task, while cluster size showed fewer differences. In HVs, both semantic and phonemic distances increased with longer pauses, suggesting strategic cluster switching. This pattern was absent in SSD and depression groups. SSD exhibited longer first latency and pauses relative to HVs; participants with depression showed no change in latency, but similarly prolonged pauses.

Conclusion

Individuals with SSD and depression exhibit distinct patterns in verbal fluency, with category tasks revealing more robust group differences. Automated fluency analysis offers a scalable approach for differentially detecting cognitive-linguistic impairments across psychiatric populations.

语言流畅性任务揭示了精神分裂症个体（SSD）的一致性损伤，并为语义和认知加工提供了有价值的见解。然而，与其他精神病组的比较仍然有限。这样做可能有助于澄清SSD的特征是独特的还是在所有诊断中共享的。本研究比较了SSD、单极抑郁症和健康志愿者（HV）的语言流畅性反应。方法SSD （n = 64）、单极抑郁（n = 70）和hv （n = 37）患者完成字母和类别引导的言语流畅性任务。使用自动化管道，我们提取了总正确响应、暂停时间、首次响应延迟、语义和音位距离，以及语义/音位簇的数量和大小。在患者组中检查流利度指标与言语障碍（例如，不连贯，效率低下）的临床评分之间的关系。结果各组在总流畅性得分上存在显著差异，尤其是在类别流畅性任务上，其中SSD的损害最大，抑郁的影响居中。类别任务中语义和音位聚类的数量存在显著的两两组差异，而聚类大小差异较小。在hv中，语义和音位距离随着停顿时间的延长而增加，这表明有策略的集群切换。这种模式在SSD组和抑郁症组中不存在。相对于HVs， SSD表现出更长的首次延迟和暂停；抑郁症患者的潜伏期没有变化，但停顿时间也延长了。结论SSD和抑郁症患者在言语流畅性方面表现出明显的差异，类别任务显示出更强的组间差异。自动流畅性分析提供了一种可扩展的方法，用于在精神病人群中差异检测认知语言障碍。

{"title":"Unique signatures in verbal fluency task performance in schizophrenia and depression","authors":"Sunghye Cho , Yan Cong , Aarush Mehta , Amir H. Nikzad , Sarah A. Berretta , Leily M. Behbehani , Mark Liberman , Sunny X. Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Verbal fluency tasks reveal consistent impairments among individuals with schizophrenia (SSD) and shed valuable insight on semantic and cognitive processing. However, comparisons with other psychiatric groups remain limited. Doing so may help clarify whether characteristics are unique to SSD versus shared across diagnoses. This study compared verbal fluency responses among participants with SSD, unipolar depression, and healthy volunteers (HV).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants with SSD (<em>n</em> = 64), unipolar depression (<em>n</em> = 70), and HVs (<em>n</em> = 37) completed letter- and category-guided verbal fluency tasks. Using automated pipelines, we extracted total correct responses, pause durations, first response latency, semantic and phonemic distances, and the number and size of semantic/phonemic clusters. Associations between fluency metrics and clinical ratings of speech disturbances (e.g., incoherence, inefficiency) were examined within patient groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Groups differed significantly in total fluency scores, particularly on the category fluency task, with the greatest impairment in SSD and intermediate effects in depression. Significant pairwise group differences emerged in the number of semantic and phonemic clusters in the category task, while cluster size showed fewer differences. In HVs, both semantic and phonemic distances increased with longer pauses, suggesting strategic cluster switching. This pattern was absent in SSD and depression groups. SSD exhibited longer first latency and pauses relative to HVs; participants with depression showed no change in latency, but similarly prolonged pauses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Individuals with SSD and depression exhibit distinct patterns in verbal fluency, with category tasks revealing more robust group differences. Automated fluency analysis offers a scalable approach for differentially detecting cognitive-linguistic impairments across psychiatric populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Call to action on social cognition measures in clinical research 临床研究中社会认知测量的行动呼吁

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100400

T.B. Ziermans , M. Hajdúk , A.E. Pinkham , SIRS Social Cognition Research Harmonization Group

Objective

To describe current practices and key barriers in social cognition (SC) assessment, given its central role in psychiatric and neurological disorders and the limitations of existing measures.

Methods

Fifty-two SC experts from 20 countries completed an online survey regarding SC tests and questions about their usage frequency and perceived obstacles.

Results

Only facial emotion recognition tasks were used frequently, while the Hinting task and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) were used by over half of participants. However, 10 experts also urged discontinuation of RMET, mostly due to validity concerns. Major obstacles included lack of culture-appropriate norms and poor psychometric properties.

Conclusions

SC assessment is limited by cultural bias and weak psychometrics. Developing and validating culturally sensitive tools, harmonizing protocols, and securing funding are essential to advance research, enable international trials, and improve clinical outcomes.

目的考虑到社会认知（SC）评估在精神和神经疾病中的核心作用以及现有措施的局限性，描述其目前的做法和主要障碍。方法来自20个国家的52位SC专家完成了一项关于SC测试的在线调查，并询问了SC测试的使用频率和感知障碍。结果只有面部情绪识别任务被频繁使用，而超过一半的参与者使用了暗示任务和眼读心术测试。然而，10名专家也敦促停止使用RMET，主要是出于对有效性的担忧。主要障碍包括缺乏与文化相适应的规范和糟糕的心理测量特性。结论ssc评估存在文化偏见和心理测量学薄弱的局限性。开发和验证具有文化敏感性的工具、协调协议以及确保资金，对于推进研究、开展国际试验和改善临床结果至关重要。

{"title":"Call to action on social cognition measures in clinical research","authors":"T.B. Ziermans , M. Hajdúk , A.E. Pinkham , SIRS Social Cognition Research Harmonization Group","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe current practices and key barriers in social cognition (SC) assessment, given its central role in psychiatric and neurological disorders and the limitations of existing measures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-two SC experts from 20 countries completed an online survey regarding SC tests and questions about their usage frequency and perceived obstacles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only facial emotion recognition tasks were used frequently, while the Hinting task and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) were used by over half of participants. However, 10 experts also urged discontinuation of RMET, mostly due to validity concerns. Major obstacles included lack of culture-appropriate norms and poor psychometric properties.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SC assessment is limited by cultural bias and weak psychometrics. Developing and validating culturally sensitive tools, harmonizing protocols, and securing funding are essential to advance research, enable international trials, and improve clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commentary on Ziermans, Hajdúk, Pinkham, et al.'s “Call to Action on Social Cognition Measures in Clinical Research” 对Ziermans， Hajdúk， Pinkham等人的《呼吁在临床研究中采取社会认知措施》的评论

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100405

Francesca Happé

引用次数: 0

Diagnosis and management of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: Real-world evidence from a cross-sectional survey of psychiatrists 精神分裂症相关认知障碍的诊断和管理：来自精神科医生横断面调查的真实世界证据

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100406

Stephanie H. Read , Artak Khachatryan , Theresa A. Cassidy

Background

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that can reduce functional capacity and quality of life in patients. However, it is unclear how physicians approach cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) in real-world clinical practice. This study examines the knowledge, attitudes and practices of psychiatrists towards CIAS in patients.

Methods

This non-interventional, cross-sectional study sampled psychiatrists across the US, UK and Germany with ≥36 months of clinical experience and who treated ≥5 patients with schizophrenia annually. Psychiatrists completed an online survey in December 2022 assessing their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Outcome variables were analysed descriptively (patient estimates: median [IQR]; psychiatrist characteristics: n [%]).

Results

Overall, 121 eligible psychiatrists completed the survey. Psychiatrists estimated that 50.0 % (28.0;80.0) of patients with schizophrenia exhibited cognitive impairment and diagnosed CIAS in 25.0 % (10.0;50.0) of patients. CIAS symptoms reportedly worsened over time and were transient in 50.0 % (30.0;70.0) and 20.0 % (10.0;30.0) of patients, respectively. Working and studying were ranked the activities of daily living most disrupted by CIAS by 48.8 % (n = 59) of psychiatrists. Only 18.2 % (n = 22) of psychiatrists were aware of effective CIAS treatments and 59.5 % (n = 72) did not administer medication for CIAS. Psychiatrists employed a watch-and-wait strategy in 50.0 % (20.0;70.0) of patients with CIAS.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates limited consensus among psychiatrists regarding CIAS characterisation, diagnosis and management. These insights highlight an unmet need for effective diagnosis and treatment of CIAS, necessitating further research to improve the evidence base for clinical guidelines informing CIAS management.

认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心特征，可降低患者的功能能力和生活质量。然而，在现实世界的临床实践中，医生如何处理与精神分裂症相关的认知障碍（CIAS）尚不清楚。本研究考察了精神科医生对患者CIAS的知识、态度和实践。方法本非介入性横断面研究在美国、英国和德国选取临床经验≥36个月且每年治疗≥5例精神分裂症患者的精神科医生。精神科医生于2022年12月完成了一项在线调查，评估他们对精神分裂症患者认知障碍的知识、态度和做法。结果变量进行描述性分析（患者估计值：中位数[IQR]；精神病学家特征：n[%]）。结果共有121名符合条件的精神科医生完成了调查。精神病学家估计50.0%（28.0;80.0）的精神分裂症患者表现出认知障碍，25.0%（10.0;50.0）的患者被诊断为CIAS。据报道，在50.0%（30.0;70.0）和20.0%（10.0;30.0）的患者中，CIAS症状随着时间的推移而恶化，并且是短暂的。48.8% （n = 59）的精神科医生将工作和学习列为最受CIAS干扰的日常生活活动。只有18.2% （n = 22）的精神科医生知道有效的CIAS治疗方法，59.5% （n = 72）的精神科医生没有给CIAS药物治疗。精神科医生对50.0%（20.0%;70.0）的CIAS患者采用观察等待策略。结论：本研究表明精神科医生对CIAS的特征、诊断和管理的共识有限。这些发现强调了有效诊断和治疗CIAS的需求尚未得到满足，需要进一步研究以改善临床指南的证据基础，为CIAS管理提供信息。

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: Real-world evidence from a cross-sectional survey of psychiatrists","authors":"Stephanie H. Read , Artak Khachatryan , Theresa A. Cassidy","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that can reduce functional capacity and quality of life in patients. However, it is unclear how physicians approach cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) in real-world clinical practice. This study examines the knowledge, attitudes and practices of psychiatrists towards CIAS in patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This non-interventional, cross-sectional study sampled psychiatrists across the US, UK and Germany with ≥36 months of clinical experience and who treated ≥5 patients with schizophrenia annually. Psychiatrists completed an online survey in December 2022 assessing their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Outcome variables were analysed descriptively (patient estimates: median [IQR]; psychiatrist characteristics: n [%]).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 121 eligible psychiatrists completed the survey. Psychiatrists estimated that 50.0 % (28.0;80.0) of patients with schizophrenia exhibited cognitive impairment and diagnosed CIAS in 25.0 % (10.0;50.0) of patients. CIAS symptoms reportedly worsened over time and were transient in 50.0 % (30.0;70.0) and 20.0 % (10.0;30.0) of patients, respectively. Working and studying were ranked the activities of daily living most disrupted by CIAS by 48.8 % (<em>n</em> = 59) of psychiatrists. Only 18.2 % (<em>n</em> = 22) of psychiatrists were aware of effective CIAS treatments and 59.5 % (<em>n</em> = 72) did not administer medication for CIAS. Psychiatrists employed a watch-and-wait strategy in 50.0 % (20.0;70.0) of patients with CIAS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates limited consensus among psychiatrists regarding CIAS characterisation, diagnosis and management. These insights highlight an unmet need for effective diagnosis and treatment of CIAS, necessitating further research to improve the evidence base for clinical guidelines informing CIAS management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive deficits in individuals with comorbid personality disorder and schizophrenia: A scoping review 共病人格障碍和精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷：范围回顾

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100403

Anouck Chalut , Stéphane Potvin , Laura Iozzino , Marie-Ange Binette , Hubert Fiset-Renaud , Sara Abou Chabake , Tania Lecomte

Objective

It is estimated that approximately 40 % of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia also meet the diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder. This comorbidity is associated with an unfavorable prognosis for the illness. Given that cognition is currently the best predictor of recovery, this study aims to characterize the cognitive profiles of individuals with comorbid personality disorders and schizophrenia by reviewing literature from the past 24 years. We sought to determine whether the cognitive deficits differed from that of individuals with only a schizophrenia diagnosis, and to further characterize these differences.

Method

Articles were gathered from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PsychInfo, PsychNet, MedLine, and EMBASE. They were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: (a) use of neuropsychological or social cognition measures, (b) explicit mental disorder diagnosis established using validated diagnostic tools, (c) participants with a comorbid personality disorder and schizophrenia diagnosis, and (d) results of neuropsychological measures specific to participants with this type of comorbidity.

Results

A total of 10 articles were included. Of these, six clinically established a personality disorder diagnosis, while five measured traits associated with various personality disorders. Due to the heterogeneity of methodologies across the studies, no statistical conclusions could be drawn.

Discussion/conclusion

Our review did highlight a greater presence of studies on antisocial personality, with few on other personality disorders or traits. Given the high comorbidity of personality disorders in schizophrenia, and the important impact of cognition on functioning, including social cognition, more studies are warranted. Recommendations for both clinicians and researchers are proposed.

目的据估计，大约40%的精神分裂症患者同时符合人格障碍的诊断标准。这种合并症与疾病的不良预后有关。鉴于认知是目前康复的最佳预测指标，本研究旨在通过回顾过去24年的文献来描述患有共病人格障碍和精神分裂症的个体的认知特征。我们试图确定认知缺陷是否与仅诊断为精神分裂症的个体不同，并进一步表征这些差异。方法论文收集自PubMed、谷歌Scholar、Web of Science、PsychInfo、PsychNet、MedLine和EMBASE。他们的选择基于以下纳入标准：(a)使用神经心理学或社会认知测量，(b)使用经过验证的诊断工具建立明确的精神障碍诊断，(c)患有共病人格障碍和精神分裂症诊断的参与者，以及(d)针对患有这种共病的参与者的神经心理学测量结果。结果共纳入10篇文献。其中，6项临床诊断确定了人格障碍，5项测量了与各种人格障碍相关的特征。由于研究方法的异质性，无法得出统计结论。讨论/结论：我们的综述确实强调了反社会人格的研究较多，而其他人格障碍或特征的研究较少。鉴于精神分裂症中人格障碍的高合并症，以及认知对功能（包括社会认知）的重要影响，需要进行更多的研究。对临床医生和研究人员提出了建议。

{"title":"Cognitive deficits in individuals with comorbid personality disorder and schizophrenia: A scoping review","authors":"Anouck Chalut , Stéphane Potvin , Laura Iozzino , Marie-Ange Binette , Hubert Fiset-Renaud , Sara Abou Chabake , Tania Lecomte","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>It is estimated that approximately 40 % of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia also meet the diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder. This comorbidity is associated with an unfavorable prognosis for the illness. Given that cognition is currently the best predictor of recovery, this study aims to characterize the cognitive profiles of individuals with comorbid personality disorders and schizophrenia by reviewing literature from the past 24 years. We sought to determine whether the cognitive deficits differed from that of individuals with only a schizophrenia diagnosis, and to further characterize these differences.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Articles were gathered from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PsychInfo, PsychNet, MedLine, and EMBASE. They were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: (a) use of neuropsychological or social cognition measures, (b) explicit mental disorder diagnosis established using validated diagnostic tools, (c) participants with a comorbid personality disorder and schizophrenia diagnosis, and (d) results of neuropsychological measures specific to participants with this type of comorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 10 articles were included. Of these, six clinically established a personality disorder diagnosis, while five measured traits associated with various personality disorders. Due to the heterogeneity of methodologies across the studies, no statistical conclusions could be drawn.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion/conclusion</h3><div>Our review did highlight a greater presence of studies on antisocial personality, with few on other personality disorders or traits. Given the high comorbidity of personality disorders in schizophrenia, and the important impact of cognition on functioning, including social cognition, more studies are warranted. Recommendations for both clinicians and researchers are proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empathic accuracy in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Using a task with dynamic real-life emotional stimuli 精神病超高风险个体的共情准确性：使用具有动态现实情绪刺激的任务

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404

I.A. Meins , E.C.D. van der Stouwe , M. aan het Rot , B.E. Sportel , N. Boonstra , G.H.M. Pijnenborg

Background

Empathy as a key component of social cognition may be impaired in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. The Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) was designed to address the dynamic and interactive nature of real-world social interactions. This study aimed to examine empathic accuracy (EA) in UHR individuals compared to controls and to explore the relationship between EAT and traditional empathy measures and social functioning.

Methods

UHR individuals (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 40) completed the EAT alongside the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, the Faux Pas Test and the Time Use Survey (TUS). Group differences in EAT performance were analyzed, and within-group correlations were examined between EAT scores and the TUS. Additionally, we investigated whether target characteristics (target gender, expressivity, and clip valence) moderated empathic accuracy.

Results

No significant differences in EAT performance were found between groups. However, age emerged as a moderating factor, with older UHR individuals showing lower EA compared to younger UHR individuals and controls. Both groups performed better with positive videos and expressive targets. While UHR individuals reported lower social functioning and lower empathy scores on self-report measures, EAT performance did not correlate with these scores.

Conclusion

Cognitive empathy appears preserved in UHR individuals, though subtle deficits may emerge with age. The lack of association between EA, self-reported empathy, and social functioning suggests that these approaches might assess distinct aspects of empathy, underscoring the complexity of empathy as an interpersonal process.

作为社会认知的关键组成部分的同情心可能在精神病超高风险（UHR）个体中受损。共情准确性任务（EAT）旨在解决现实社会互动的动态性和互动性。本研究旨在检验与对照组相比，UHR个体的共情准确性（EA），并探讨EAT与传统共情测量和社会功能之间的关系。方法39名高收入者（n = 39）和40名健康对照者（n = 40）同时完成了人际反应指数、认知与情感共情问卷、失态行为测试和时间使用调查。我们分析了EAT表现的组间差异，并检验了EAT评分与TUS之间的组内相关性。此外，我们还调查了目标特征（目标性别、表达能力和片段效价）是否会调节共情准确性。结果各组间进食性能无显著差异。然而，年龄是一个调节因素，与年轻的UHR个体和对照组相比，年龄较大的UHR个体的EA较低。两组在观看积极视频和表达目标时表现都更好。虽然高收入者在自我报告测量中报告了较低的社会功能和较低的同理心得分，但进食表现与这些得分无关。结论认知共情在UHR个体中得到保留，尽管随着年龄的增长可能出现细微的缺陷。EA、自我报告共情和社会功能之间缺乏关联表明，这些方法可能评估共情的不同方面，强调共情作为一种人际过程的复杂性。

{"title":"Empathic accuracy in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Using a task with dynamic real-life emotional stimuli","authors":"I.A. Meins , E.C.D. van der Stouwe , M. aan het Rot , B.E. Sportel , N. Boonstra , G.H.M. Pijnenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Empathy as a key component of social cognition may be impaired in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. The Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) was designed to address the dynamic and interactive nature of real-world social interactions. This study aimed to examine empathic accuracy (EA) in UHR individuals compared to controls and to explore the relationship between EAT and traditional empathy measures and social functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UHR individuals (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 40) completed the EAT alongside the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, the Faux Pas Test and the Time Use Survey (TUS). Group differences in EAT performance were analyzed, and within-group correlations were examined between EAT scores and the TUS. Additionally, we investigated whether target characteristics (target gender, expressivity, and clip valence) moderated empathic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in EAT performance were found between groups. However, age emerged as a moderating factor, with older UHR individuals showing lower EA compared to younger UHR individuals and controls. Both groups performed better with positive videos and expressive targets. While UHR individuals reported lower social functioning and lower empathy scores on self-report measures, EAT performance did not correlate with these scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cognitive empathy appears preserved in UHR individuals, though subtle deficits may emerge with age. The lack of association between EA, self-reported empathy, and social functioning suggests that these approaches might assess distinct aspects of empathy, underscoring the complexity of empathy as an interpersonal process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theory of mind difficulties in people with social anhedonia: Evidence from behavioural and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging findings 社会快感缺乏症患者的心理理论困难：来自行为和基于任务的功能磁共振成像结果的证据

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100402

Yuan Cao , Ding-ding Hu , Winnie W.Y. So , Yi Wang , Xiao-dong Guo , Raymond C.K. Chan , David H.K. Shum

Background

Social Anhedonia (SA) is recognised as a negative symptom of the schizophrenia spectrum. Despite the emerging evidence of general impairment in Theory of Mind (ToM), the behavioural manifestation and underlying neural mechanisms of ToM deficits in SA remain unclear. The current study therefore adopted a multidimensional assessment approach to examine the effect of SA on ToM ability behaviourally and using fMRI.

Methods

A total of 47 participants with high SA (Mage = 21.43 years, SD = 4.23) and 46 with low SA (Mage = 22.70, SD = 2.91) were recruited to complete an adapted version of the Virtual Assessment of Mentalising Ability to evaluate ToM. Group differences were analysed using 2 (Type: Cognitive vs Affective ToM) × 2 (Order: First- vs Second-Order ToM) × 2 (Group: high vs low SA) repeated measures ANOVA. fMRI data were examined with general linear models and group comparisons, including ROI analyses to assess correlations between brain activation and behavioural measures.

Results

The participants with low SA showed better performance for first-order ToM than for second-order ToM. However, those with high SA did not show such a differential effect. Based on the fMRI results, the low SA group showed more activation than the high SA group in the medial frontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex in second-order ToM than in first-order ToM.

Conclusion

The results demonstrate the impairment of ToM performance among those with high SA and highlight that it is crucial to examine the pattern of results rather than solely focusing on general ToM.

背景社交快感缺乏（SA）被认为是精神分裂症谱系的一种阴性症状。尽管越来越多的证据表明心理理论（ToM）有一般性的损害，但心理理论缺陷在SA中的行为表现和潜在的神经机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究采用了一种多维评估方法，从行为和功能磁共振成像的角度来研究SA对ToM能力的影响。方法选取47例高SA组（年龄21.43岁，SD = 4.23）和46例低SA组（年龄22.70岁，SD = 2.91），分别进行心理化能力虚拟评估。组间差异采用2（类型：认知SA vs情感SA） × 2（顺序：一阶SA vs二阶SA） × 2（组：高SA vs低SA）重复测量方差分析。fMRI数据通过一般线性模型和组比较进行检查，包括ROI分析，以评估大脑激活和行为测量之间的相关性。结果低SA的被试对一阶ToM的表现优于二阶ToM。然而，那些高SA的人没有表现出这种差异效应。fMRI结果显示，低SA组比高SA组在二级ToM中表现出更多的内侧额叶皮层和后扣带皮层的激活。结论研究结果表明，高SA组学生的英语学习能力存在一定程度的下降，不能只关注一般的英语学习能力，而应研究结果的规律。

{"title":"Theory of mind difficulties in people with social anhedonia: Evidence from behavioural and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging findings","authors":"Yuan Cao , Ding-ding Hu , Winnie W.Y. So , Yi Wang , Xiao-dong Guo , Raymond C.K. Chan , David H.K. Shum","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social Anhedonia (SA) is recognised as a negative symptom of the schizophrenia spectrum. Despite the emerging evidence of general impairment in Theory of Mind (ToM), the behavioural manifestation and underlying neural mechanisms of ToM deficits in SA remain unclear. The current study therefore adopted a multidimensional assessment approach to examine the effect of SA on ToM ability behaviourally and using fMRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 47 participants with high SA (<em>Mage</em> = 21.43 years, <em>SD</em> = 4.23) and 46 with low SA (<em>Mage</em> = 22.70, <em>SD</em> = 2.91) were recruited to complete an adapted version of the Virtual Assessment of Mentalising Ability to evaluate ToM. Group differences were analysed using 2 (Type: Cognitive vs Affective ToM) × 2 (Order: First- vs Second-Order ToM) × 2 (Group: high vs low SA) repeated measures ANOVA. fMRI data were examined with general linear models and group comparisons, including ROI analyses to assess correlations between brain activation and behavioural measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The participants with low SA showed better performance for first-order ToM than for second-order ToM. However, those with high SA did not show such a differential effect. Based on the fMRI results, the low SA group showed more activation than the high SA group in the medial frontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex in second-order ToM than in first-order ToM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results demonstrate the impairment of ToM performance among those with high SA and highlight that it is crucial to examine the pattern of results rather than solely focusing on general ToM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-reported cognitive functioning on the behavior rating inventory of executive function in psychotic disorders: Effects of gender, education and cognitive functioning 自我报告的认知功能对精神病患者执行功能行为评定量表的影响：性别、教育和认知功能的影响

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100399

Eivind Haga Ronold , Rune Raudeberg

Introduction

Psychotic disorders (PD) are among the most severe mental disorders and cognitive impairment contributes to this. Few studies have investigated self-reported executive function (srEF)in PD using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Adult version (BRIEF-A) and have found varying results. Population characteristics could contribute to this heterogeneity. The current study thus reported BRIEF-A scores in a sample with PD, and how this was affected by gender, education and cognitive function measured by The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS).

Methods

BRIEF-A consist of 9 scales, two indices (Behavioral Regulation Index [BRI] and Metacognition Index [MI]), ands a summary score Global Executive Composite (GEC). T-scores (high score = difficulties) from 260 patients (99 women, mean age 24.58) was included. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare means between genders. Gender, RBANS Total Scale scores and years of education were used to predict BRIEF-A scores in general linear mixed models.

Results

For the full sample, the BRIEF-A the GEC showed a marginally impaired T-score (T >60) and the MI showed highest scores. Females had a GEC and MI score above clinical cutoff (T ≥65), and had significantly more srEF difficulties on all scales except Inhibit and Self-Monitor. Gender and global cognition showed some multivariate interactions, but these effects were small.

Conclusions

The current study indicates srEF marginally impaired meta-cognition in PD, enhanced by gender. Future studies should investigate srEF longitudinally to see how this develops following psychosis onset and identify groups in need of targeted treatments like cognitive remediation.

精神障碍（PD）是最严重的精神障碍之一，认知障碍是其中的原因之一。很少有研究使用执行功能行为评定量表成人版（BRIEF-A）调查PD患者自我报告的执行功能（srEF），并发现了不同的结果。种群特征可能导致这种异质性。因此，目前的研究报告了PD患者的BRIEF-A评分，以及性别、教育程度和认知功能对其的影响，这种影响是由神经心理状态评估可重复电池（RBANS）测量的。方法brief - a由9个量表、2个指标（行为调节指数[BRI]和元认知指数[MI]）和一个综合得分（Global Executive Composite， GEC）组成。纳入260例患者（99例女性，平均年龄24.58岁）的t评分（高分=困难）。使用独立样本t检验比较性别之间的平均值。在一般线性混合模型中，性别、rban总量表得分和受教育年限被用来预测BRIEF-A得分。结果在整个样本中，BRIEF-A - GEC的T-得分略有下降（T >60）， MI的T-得分最高。女性的GEC和MI评分高于临床临界值（T≥65），除抑制和自我监测外，女性在所有量表上都有明显的srEF困难。性别与全局认知存在多变量交互作用，但影响较小。结论目前的研究表明，srEF对PD患者的元认知有轻微损害，并因性别而增强。未来的研究应该纵向调查srEF，看看它在精神病发作后是如何发展的，并确定需要认知修复等靶向治疗的群体。

{"title":"Self-reported cognitive functioning on the behavior rating inventory of executive function in psychotic disorders: Effects of gender, education and cognitive functioning","authors":"Eivind Haga Ronold , Rune Raudeberg","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Psychotic disorders (PD) are among the most severe mental disorders and cognitive impairment contributes to this. Few studies have investigated self-reported executive function (srEF)in PD using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Adult version (BRIEF-A) and have found varying results. Population characteristics could contribute to this heterogeneity. The current study thus reported BRIEF-A scores in a sample with PD, and how this was affected by gender, education and cognitive function measured by The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>BRIEF-A consist of 9 scales, two indices (Behavioral Regulation Index [BRI] and Metacognition Index [MI]), ands a summary score Global Executive Composite (GEC). T-scores (high score = difficulties) from 260 patients (99 women, mean age 24.58) was included. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare means between genders. Gender, RBANS Total Scale scores and years of education were used to predict BRIEF-A scores in general linear mixed models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the full sample, the BRIEF-A the GEC showed a marginally impaired T-score (T >60) and the MI showed highest scores. Females had a GEC and MI score above clinical cutoff (T ≥65), and had significantly more srEF difficulties on all scales except Inhibit and Self-Monitor. Gender and global cognition showed some multivariate interactions, but these effects were small.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The current study indicates srEF marginally impaired meta-cognition in PD, enhanced by gender. Future studies should investigate srEF longitudinally to see how this develops following psychosis onset and identify groups in need of targeted treatments like cognitive remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impairments in biological motion perception reflect affective disturbance in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis 生物运动知觉障碍反映了临床精神病高危个体的情感性障碍

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401

Sophia N. Parmacek , Danielle N. Pratt , Vijay A. Mittal

Background

Social cognitive impairments are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Emotion recognition, a key component of social cognition, has been extensively examined in the CHR population, primarily with facial emotion recognition tasks, which have consistently demonstrated impairments. However, we have a limited understanding of whether the perception of broad bodily movements, known as biological motion processing (BM), contributes to emotion recognition impairment in this population.

Methods

All participants completed the Point Light Walker (PLW) task, a paradigm that isolates body movement, to assess performance on BM processing. This study included 63 participants (34 CHR, 29 healthy controls (HC)). Symptom severity and functioning was measured by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), and the Negative Symptoms Inventory-Psychosis Risk (NSI-PR). Accuracy and response times (RTs) on the PLW were compared between groups using independent t-tests.

Results

Linear regressions were used to examine associations with symptom severity. CHR individuals showed reduced fear recognition (p = 0.015), longer RTs when responding to videos depicting fear (p = 0.022), and longer RTs for incorrect fear responses after controlling for sex (p = 0.046). Alogia showed a positive trending association with BM emotion recognition (p = 0.076), but performance did not otherwise relate to other symptoms. Additional analyses examined sex-specific patterns, revealing interaction effects for neutral accuracy and RTs to anger-related stimuli.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that CHR individuals may experience subtle impairments in recognizing fear and processing threat/high-arousal emotions. Consequently, impaired BM recognition and processing of fear might serve as an early indicator of psychosis risk.

背景社会认知障碍在精神病临床高危人群中很常见。情感识别是社会认知的一个关键组成部分，在CHR人群中进行了广泛的研究，主要是面部情感识别任务，这些任务一直表现出障碍。然而，我们对广泛身体运动的感知，即生物运动处理（BM），是否会导致这一人群的情绪识别障碍，了解有限。方法所有参与者完成点光步行者（PLW）任务，这是一种孤立身体运动的范式，以评估他们在脑加工方面的表现。本研究纳入63名受试者（34名CHR， 29名健康对照）。采用前驱综合征结构化访谈（SIPS）和阴性症状量表-精神病风险量表（NSI-PR）测量症状严重程度和功能。采用独立t检验比较两组间PLW的准确性和反应时间（RTs）。结果采用线性回归检验与症状严重程度的关系。CHR个体表现出恐惧识别能力降低（p = 0.015），在对描述恐惧的视频做出反应时，反应时间延长（p = 0.022），在控制了性别后，对错误恐惧反应的反应时间延长（p = 0.046）。痛症与BM情绪识别呈正相关（p = 0.076），但表现与其他症状无关。额外的分析考察了性别特异性模式，揭示了中性准确性和愤怒相关刺激的RTs的相互作用效应。结论CHR个体在识别恐惧和处理威胁/高唤醒情绪方面可能存在细微的障碍。因此，脑机识别和恐惧处理受损可能是精神病风险的早期指标。

{"title":"Impairments in biological motion perception reflect affective disturbance in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis","authors":"Sophia N. Parmacek , Danielle N. Pratt , Vijay A. Mittal","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social cognitive impairments are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Emotion recognition, a key component of social cognition, has been extensively examined in the CHR population, primarily with facial emotion recognition tasks, which have consistently demonstrated impairments. However, we have a limited understanding of whether the perception of broad bodily movements, known as biological motion processing (BM), contributes to emotion recognition impairment in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants completed the Point Light Walker (PLW) task, a paradigm that isolates body movement, to assess performance on BM processing. This study included 63 participants (34 CHR, 29 healthy controls (HC)). Symptom severity and functioning was measured by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), and the Negative Symptoms Inventory-Psychosis Risk (NSI-PR). Accuracy and response times (RTs) on the PLW were compared between groups using independent <em>t</em>-tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regressions were used to examine associations with symptom severity. CHR individuals showed reduced fear recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.015), longer RTs when responding to videos depicting fear (<em>p</em> = 0.022), and longer RTs for incorrect fear responses after controlling for sex (<em>p</em> = 0.046). Alogia showed a positive trending association with BM emotion recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.076), but performance did not otherwise relate to other symptoms. Additional analyses examined sex-specific patterns, revealing interaction effects for neutral accuracy and RTs to anger-related stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that CHR individuals may experience subtle impairments in recognizing fear and processing threat/high-arousal emotions. Consequently, impaired BM recognition and processing of fear might serve as an early indicator of psychosis risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the interplay between language use and cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Insights from patients, first degree relatives, and healthy controls 探索精神分裂症谱系障碍中语言使用与认知功能之间的相互作用：来自患者、一级亲属和健康对照者的见解

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research-Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100398

Rosa Ayesa-Arriola , Carlos Martinez-Asensi , Alexandre Díaz-Pons , Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz , Claudia Parás , Chaimaa El Mouslih , Roozbeh Sattari , Sara Incera , Lena Palaniyappan

Background

For people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), communication characterized by disrupted language use is common. However, the role of cognitive function in everyday language disruptions in SSD remains unclear. Family studies help control for confounding factors such as symptom burden, medication use and environment, offering insight into the interplay between language and cognition in SSD.

Study design

We examined linguistic features in naturalistic speech from 176 individuals (51 with SSD, 77 first-degree relatives [50 parents, 27 siblings], and 48 healthy controls). Tasks included conversations, picture descriptions, story narration, reading and recall. We assessed cognitive domains: attention, verbal/visual memory, working memory, executive function, processing speed, motor dexterity, and theory of mind. We then studied associations between cognition and language.

Results

Different patterns emerged across groups. In controls, longer speech and fewer pronouns were linked to better cognition. In SSD, greater adposition use and fewer pronouns related to better memory, executive function, and IQ. Among parents, more coordinating conjunctions during narration correlated with better visual memory and motor dexterity. Siblings showed the strongest, broadest associations: better cognition predicted richer language and fewer pronouns, especially tied to global and motor function. Story narration revealed the richest cognitive–linguistic links.

Conclusions

In people with SSD and their relatives, specific cognitive deficits are reflected in everyday speech, regardless of content. These findings highlight the role of discourse context in shaping language–cognition relationships and support future research using language markers in psychosis.

对于精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）患者来说，以语言使用中断为特征的沟通是常见的。然而，认知功能在SSD日常语言中断中的作用尚不清楚。家庭研究有助于控制症状负担、药物使用和环境等混杂因素，深入了解SSD患者语言与认知之间的相互作用。我们研究了176名个体（51名SSD患者，77名一级亲属[50名父母，27名兄弟姐妹]和48名健康对照者）的自然语言特征。任务包括对话、图片描述、故事叙述、阅读和回忆。我们评估了认知领域：注意力、语言/视觉记忆、工作记忆、执行功能、处理速度、运动灵活性和心理理论。然后我们研究了认知和语言之间的联系。结果不同组出现了不同的模式。在对照组中，更长的言语和更少的代词与更好的认知有关。在固态硬盘中，更多的对位使用和更少的代词与更好的记忆力、执行功能和智商有关。父母在叙述过程中使用的协调连词越多，他们的视觉记忆和运动灵巧性就越好。兄弟姐妹表现出最强烈、最广泛的联系：更好的认知预示着更丰富的语言和更少的代词，尤其是与全球和运动功能相关的。故事叙述揭示了最丰富的认知-语言联系。结论在SSD患者及其亲属中，具体的认知缺陷体现在日常言语中，无论内容如何。这些发现强调了话语语境在塑造语言认知关系中的作用，并支持了未来在精神病中使用语言标记的研究。

{"title":"Exploring the interplay between language use and cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Insights from patients, first degree relatives, and healthy controls","authors":"Rosa Ayesa-Arriola , Carlos Martinez-Asensi , Alexandre Díaz-Pons , Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz , Claudia Parás , Chaimaa El Mouslih , Roozbeh Sattari , Sara Incera , Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>For people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), communication characterized by disrupted language use is common. However, the role of cognitive function in everyday language disruptions in SSD remains unclear. Family studies help control for confounding factors such as symptom burden, medication use and environment, offering insight into the interplay between language and cognition in SSD.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We examined linguistic features in naturalistic speech from 176 individuals (51 with SSD, 77 first-degree relatives [50 parents, 27 siblings], and 48 healthy controls). Tasks included conversations, picture descriptions, story narration, reading and recall. We assessed cognitive domains: attention, verbal/visual memory, working memory, executive function, processing speed, motor dexterity, and theory of mind. We then studied associations between cognition and language.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Different patterns emerged across groups. In controls, longer speech and fewer pronouns were linked to better cognition. In SSD, greater adposition use and fewer pronouns related to better memory, executive function, and IQ. Among parents, more coordinating conjunctions during narration correlated with better visual memory and motor dexterity. Siblings showed the strongest, broadest associations: better cognition predicted richer language and fewer pronouns, especially tied to global and motor function. Story narration revealed the richest cognitive–linguistic links.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In people with SSD and their relatives, specific cognitive deficits are reflected in everyday speech, regardless of content. These findings highlight the role of discourse context in shaping language–cognition relationships and support future research using language markers in psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0