Schizophrenia Research-Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Impairments in biological motion perception reflect affective disturbance in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis","authors":"Sophia N. Parmacek ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Pratt ,&nbsp;Vijay A. Mittal","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social cognitive impairments are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Emotion recognition, a key component of social cognition, has been extensively examined in the CHR population, primarily with facial emotion recognition tasks, which have consistently demonstrated impairments. However, we have a limited understanding of whether the perception of broad bodily movements, known as biological motion processing (BM), contributes to emotion recognition impairment in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants completed the Point Light Walker (PLW) task, a paradigm that isolates body movement, to assess performance on BM processing. This study included 63 participants (34 CHR, 29 healthy controls (HC)). Symptom severity and functioning was measured by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), and the Negative Symptoms Inventory-Psychosis Risk (NSI-PR). Accuracy and response times (RTs) on the PLW were compared between groups using independent <em>t</em>-tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regressions were used to examine associations with symptom severity. CHR individuals showed reduced fear recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.015), longer RTs when responding to videos depicting fear (<em>p</em> = 0.022), and longer RTs for incorrect fear responses after controlling for sex (<em>p</em> = 0.046). Alogia showed a positive trending association with BM emotion recognition (<em>p</em> = 0.076), but performance did not otherwise relate to other symptoms. Additional analyses examined sex-specific patterns, revealing interaction effects for neutral accuracy and RTs to anger-related stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that CHR individuals may experience subtle impairments in recognizing fear and processing threat/high-arousal emotions. Consequently, impaired BM recognition and processing of fear might serve as an early indicator of psychosis risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the interplay between language use and cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Insights from patients, first degree relatives, and healthy controls","authors":"Rosa Ayesa-Arriola ,&nbsp;Carlos Martinez-Asensi ,&nbsp;Alexandre Díaz-Pons ,&nbsp;Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz ,&nbsp;Claudia Parás ,&nbsp;Chaimaa El Mouslih ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Sattari ,&nbsp;Sara Incera ,&nbsp;Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>For people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), communication characterized by disrupted language use is common. However, the role of cognitive function in everyday language disruptions in SSD remains unclear. Family studies help control for confounding factors such as symptom burden, medication use and environment, offering insight into the interplay between language and cognition in SSD.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We examined linguistic features in naturalistic speech from 176 individuals (51 with SSD, 77 first-degree relatives [50 parents, 27 siblings], and 48 healthy controls). Tasks included conversations, picture descriptions, story narration, reading and recall. We assessed cognitive domains: attention, verbal/visual memory, working memory, executive function, processing speed, motor dexterity, and theory of mind. We then studied associations between cognition and language.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Different patterns emerged across groups. In controls, longer speech and fewer pronouns were linked to better cognition. In SSD, greater adposition use and fewer pronouns related to better memory, executive function, and IQ. Among parents, more coordinating conjunctions during narration correlated with better visual memory and motor dexterity. Siblings showed the strongest, broadest associations: better cognition predicted richer language and fewer pronouns, especially tied to global and motor function. Story narration revealed the richest cognitive–linguistic links.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In people with SSD and their relatives, specific cognitive deficits are reflected in everyday speech, regardless of content. These findings highlight the role of discourse context in shaping language–cognition relationships and support future research using language markers in psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinical control study of modified electroconvulsive therapy and sodium valproate as enhancement strategies for ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia","authors":"Peijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Xueyan Zhu ,&nbsp;Qi Yan ,&nbsp;Ning Shen ,&nbsp;Jiajia Shi ,&nbsp;Qinyu Lv ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A substantial proportion of patients with schizophrenia show an inadequate response to clozapine, a condition termed ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (UTRS). While modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) and sodium valproate are common augmentation strategies, head-to-head trials directly comparing their efficacy and safety are lacking. This study aimed to directly compare the short-term efficacy and safety of MECT versus sodium valproate as augmenting agents to clozapine in patients with UTRS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was an 8-week, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Seventy inpatients meeting diagnostic criteria for UTRS were randomly assigned to receive either MECT augmentation (<em>n</em> = 35) or sodium valproate augmentation (n = 35), both in addition to their ongoing clozapine treatment. The primary outcome was the change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score. Secondary outcomes included changes in cognitive function assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and laboratory safety parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At week 8, the MECT group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in PANSS total score compared to the sodium valproate group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The response rate, defined as a ≥ 25 % reduction in PANSS total score, was also significantly higher in the MECT group (48.6 %, 17/35) than in the valproate group (14.3 %, 5/35, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Regarding cognitive function, there was no statistically significant difference in the change of the RBANS total score between the two groups from baseline to endpoint (<em>p</em> = 0.24). Both treatments were generally well-tolerated, with no significant differences observed in key laboratory safety parameters, including leukocyte counts, liver function, and glucose levels, either within or between groups (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this cohort of inpatients with UTRS, 8 weeks of MECT augmentation appeared to be more effective than sodium valproate in reducing overall psychotic symptoms. These findings should be considered preliminary, and neither intervention demonstrated short-term benefits for cognitive function. Future studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted to assess the durability of response and should include a clozapine-only control arm to confirm the true value of these augmentation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early versus adult onset of schizophrenia: an examination of premorbid and current IQ","authors":"Tereza Calkova ,&nbsp;Anja Vaskinn ,&nbsp;Lynn Mørch-Johnsen ,&nbsp;Runar Elle Smelror ,&nbsp;Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Laura A. Wortinger ,&nbsp;Simon Cervenka ,&nbsp;Karin Collste ,&nbsp;Beathe Haatveit ,&nbsp;Christine Mohn ,&nbsp;Anne Margrethe Myhre ,&nbsp;Erik G. Jönsson ,&nbsp;Nils Eiel Steen ,&nbsp;Ole A. Andreassen ,&nbsp;Ingrid Melle ,&nbsp;Ingrid Agartz ,&nbsp;Torill Ueland ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Andreou","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive deficits are core findings in schizophrenia, but whether the severity of impairments is related to the age of onset remains unclear. We hypothesized that early onset schizophrenia (EOS; onset before age 19) is associated with lower IQ compared to adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS; onset from age 19).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 99 adult patients with EOS (age of onset: 15.3 ± 2.8 years), 282 adult patients with AOS (age of onset: 26.5 ± 7.4 years), and 863 adult healthy controls (HC). We assessed current IQ with Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) and estimated premorbid IQ with National Adult Reading Test (NART).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both patient groups had lower current IQ than HC (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Full-scale (<em>p</em> = 0.004), performance (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and verbal (<em>p</em> = 0.011) current IQ were significantly lower in EOS than in AOS, with 5 IQ units difference for all three measures. EOS and AOS did not differ in premorbid IQ, but EOS showed a steeper IQ decline from premorbid levels than AOS (11.4 vs. 8 IQ units, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.013).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EOS had lower current IQ than AOS, but did not differ in premorbid IQ, suggesting a larger decline from premorbid IQ levels. This could imply different neurodevelopmental processes underlying cognitive dysfunction related to age of onset in schizophrenia, underscoring the necessity for further inquiry into the mechanisms driving this decline and strategies for its prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual suppression deficits as a biomarker of working memory impairment in schizophrenia","authors":"Cristina Filannino ,&nbsp;Elliot Freeman ,&nbsp;Andrew Parton ,&nbsp;Neelam Laxhman ,&nbsp;Corinna Haenschel","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Although working memory (WM) deficits are well established in schizophrenia (SZ), their underlying source is still unclear. It has been proposed that these WM deficits may depend on an imbalance between cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I), but its importance for SZ remains unclear. A potential biomarker for E/I is visual Surround Suppression (SS), where the apparent contrast of a central grating is typically suppressed by a surround with parallel orientation (versus orthogonal). Here we exploited the SS phenomenon to test whether E/I contributes to WM impairments in schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using centre-surround gratings, we measured psychophysical thresholds for contrast matching, detection and orientation discrimination, in 21 SZ patients and 20 matched controls. Using the same stimuli, we also measured WM accuracy and event-related potentials (ERPs) in a delayed-match-to-sample task.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In SZ participants, reduced SS predicted impaired WM performance as well as general cognitive measures (CANTAB). Similar relationships were also observed between other early visual measures (impaired contrast detection and orientation discrimination), WM and general cognition. In response to SS, there was reduced amplitude visual ERPs (P1, N1 and P2) in patients compared with controls. Furthermore, across both groups the P1 amplitude correlated with visual SS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Together, these findings provide evidence that imbalances in cortical excitation and inhibition may contribute to visual and some cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, and that SS may provide a behavioural and electrophysiological biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A 20-year prospective study of a community sample","authors":"Christine Mohn ,&nbsp;Anna-Karin Olsson ,&nbsp;Maivor Olsson-Tall ,&nbsp;Fredrik Hjärthag ,&nbsp;Iris van Dijk Härd ,&nbsp;Lars Helldin","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Longitudinal studies of neurocognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) usually follow relatively young first-episode patients across several years. Comparatively little is known about the neurocognitive trajectory of samples also consisting of older patients. This is a 20-year follow-up study of participants who performed the baseline assessment at different ages and utilizes data from the Swedish Clinical Long-Term Psychosis Study (CLIPS). At baseline, 61 SSD patients were included and available for clinical assessment after 20 years. Of these, 28 performed neurocognitive assessment at both baseline and 20 years later. The test results from this group were used for this study. After 20 years, the participants exhibited significantly worsening cognitive flexibility, verbal learning, verbal retention memory, and verbal intellectual function compared to baseline. All the statistically significant differences from baseline to follow-up had large effect sizes. The other cognitive domains showed no statistically significant changes from baseline for either group. We conclude that although the overall picture was one of neurocognitive stability across 20 years, our participants showed signs of accelerated ageing in the verbal domain specifically.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premorbid functioning trajectories and the one-year course of cognitive performance in first-episode psychosis: a cluster analysis in PSYSCAN","authors":"Margot I.E. Slot ,&nbsp;Hendrika H. van Hell ,&nbsp;Inge Winter-van Rossum ,&nbsp;George Gifford ,&nbsp;Paola Dazzan ,&nbsp;Arija Maat ,&nbsp;Lieuwe De Haan ,&nbsp;Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ,&nbsp;Birte Y. Glenthøj ,&nbsp;Colm McDonald ,&nbsp;Thérèse van Amelsvoort ,&nbsp;Celso Arango ,&nbsp;Irina Falkenberg ,&nbsp;Barnaby Nelson ,&nbsp;Silvana Galderisi ,&nbsp;Mark Weiser ,&nbsp;Gabriele Sachs ,&nbsp;Anke Maatz ,&nbsp;Jun Soo Kwon ,&nbsp;the PSYSCAN Consortium ,&nbsp;René S. Kahn","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We examined the course of cognitive performance in first-episode psychosis (FEP) compared to healthy controls (HC), and whether this varied across subgroups of patients defined by premorbid functioning (PMF) trajectories, using a clustering approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected in 302 FEP and 136 HC subjects participating in PSYSCAN (HEALTH.2013.2.2.1-2-FEP). K-means clustering (Euclidean distance) was used to cluster longitudinal trajectories of different PMF domains simultaneously. Since PMF was assessed retrospectively using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS), findings should be interpreted with caution, although PAS ratings have shown reasonable validity against prospective data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As expected, FEP showed impaired performance across all cognitive domains compared to HC. We identified four trajectories of PMF: a normal premorbid developmental trajectory (globally-normal, 21 %), stable intermediate PMF across domains (stable-intermediate, 29 %), stable poor or deteriorating PMF in the academic domain (normal-social/poor-academic, 29 %), and a globally impaired group with poor/deteriorating PMF across domains (globally-poor, 21 %). These clusters showed distinct levels of post-onset impairments in sustained visual attention, visual working memory and emotion recognition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms a positive association between PMF and cognitive performance in the early years following psychosis onset. It aligns with findings that individuals later diagnosed with schizophrenia already show developmental deficits/lags from childhood to early adolescence compared to normally developing children. As PMF can be considered a proxy for cognitive reserve, our results suggest that higher reserve acts as a buffer against cognitive decline and supports better performance on sustained visual attention, complex visual working memory, and aspects of emotion recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical psychopathology-based early relapse prediction model using speech and language in psychosis","authors":"Tyler C. Dalal ,&nbsp;Min Tae M. Park ,&nbsp;Angelica M. Silva ,&nbsp;Svetlana Iskhakova ,&nbsp;Alban Voppel ,&nbsp;Noah J. Brierley ,&nbsp;Michael MacKinley ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Olarewaju ,&nbsp;Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prediction of psychotic relapse using speech-derived markers promises targeted early intervention. However, the sheer number of speech markers and the ‘black box’ nature of predictive models challenges clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We propose a psychopathology-based systematic approach to identify likely relapse. We draw on the notion that the predictors of relapse should mark (1) the presence of schizophrenia in its untreated early stages and (2) track disorganization in psychosis. By leveraging Natural Language Processing, we derive 3 lexical, syntactic and narrative markers -semantic similarity, clause complexity, and analytic thinking index from speech samples of people with acute psychosis (<em>n</em> = 68) followed up for subsequent relapses over a year (12 out of 68).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Speech-based model predicted relapse status with strong evidence (Bayes Factor BF₁₀ = 79.5) against the clinical intuition model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a Bayesian approach, this preliminary study demonstrates the utility of psychopathology-guided variable selection for speech-based relapse prediction complementing clinical intuition in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent age-related cognitive impairments in first-episode psychosis","authors":"ChengFei Duan ,&nbsp;ChunHua Cao ,&nbsp;MingLiang Ju ,&nbsp;YanYan Wei ,&nbsp;XiaoChen Tang ,&nbsp;LiHua Xu ,&nbsp;HuiRu Cui ,&nbsp;YingYing Tang ,&nbsp;ZhengHui Yi ,&nbsp;Xin Wei ,&nbsp;JiJun Wang ,&nbsp;TianHong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a core feature of first-episode psychosis (FEP), but its age-associated cognitive patterns remain unclear. Prior studies suggest FEP is associated with baseline cognitive deficits and accelerated decline, yet inconsistencies exist regarding whether cognitive aging in FEP mirrors or diverges from healthy aging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compared 378 drug-naive FEP patients and 477 healthy controls (HC) using the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Clinical symptoms were evaluated via the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Age-correlations with cognitive domains were analyzed via Pearson's coefficients and Fisher's z-transformation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FEP patients showed significant deficits across all cognitive domains (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and disrupted age-associated cognitive patterns. In HC, age was associated with gradual declines in memory (e.g., HVLT-R <em>r</em> = −0.304, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), working memory (<em>r</em> = −0.168, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and learning functions, aligning with normative aging. FEP patients showed a complex pattern: while some executive functions (e.g., Trail Making A) mirrored HC's negative age correlations, social cognition (<em>r</em> = 0.174, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), attention (<em>r</em> = 0.125, <em>p</em> = 0.015), and specific learning domains exhibited positive age associations. Group comparisons revealed significant differences in age-cognition relationships for verbal memory, working memory, and overall cognitive composites (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0028 after Bonferroni correction), indicating disrupted cognitive aging in FEP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FEP disrupts normative cognitive aging patterns, characterized by atypical decline and compensatory improvements. These findings highlight the need for longitudinal studies to clarify mechanisms and inform age-adapted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a cognitive function assessment tool based on psychomotor function tests in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Yuma Shimizu ,&nbsp;Ippei Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Masakazu Hatano ,&nbsp;Manako Hanya ,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Fujita ,&nbsp;Nakao Iwata ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kamei","doi":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scog.2025.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive dysfunction has a significant impact on social functioning, such as employment, in patients with schizophrenia. However, existing cognitive assessments are time-consuming, impose a significant burden on patients, and require specialized training for evaluators, making them impractical for routine clinical use. Therefore, the present study investigated whether a simple and novel assessment tool, called Psychomotor Function Tests (PFT), correlates with existing Neuropsychological Tests (NT) and assessments with the Life Assessment Scale for the Mentally Ill (LASMI), which evaluates social functioning, including employment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cognitive function was examined in 24 patients with schizophrenia using NT (the Japanese Adult Reading Test, Trail Making Test (TMT), and word fluency test) and tablet-based PFT, while social functioning was evaluated using LASMI. Twenty-four healthy controls (HCs) underwent the same cognitive assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Psychomotor function, as evaluated by the choice reaction time, compensatory tracking test, and rapid visual information processing, was significantly worse in patients with schizophrenia than in HCs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the composite score of PFT correlated with the time required for TMT (<em>r</em> = −0.707, −0.637) and LASMI subscales related to work, endurance &amp; stability, self-recognition, required skills, and retention skills (<em>r</em> = −0.640, −0.689, −0.634, −0.420, −0.548).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PFT correlated with existing NT, which are widely used in cognitive function assessments. Cognitive function examined by PFT was closely associated with social functioning. These results suggest the potential of PFT for evaluating cognitive function in routine clinical settings for patients with schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38119,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research-Cognition","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}