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Attitudes Towards Refugees & Immigrants in Greece: a national-local comparative analysis 希腊对难民和移民的态度:国家与地方的比较分析
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.p.arv.12.3.39.55
Paschalis Arvanitidis, George Papagiannitsis1, Athina Zoi Desli, Penelope Vergou, Sofia Gourgouliani
Over the past decade, Greece has received a significant number of immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers who, due to specific decisions taken at both the EU and the national levels, have been “trapped” in Greece for an indefinite period. Dealing with this situation was, and still is, a hot issue, with state policies remaining focused on reception and control rather than on integration. Moreover, the spatial allocation of refugees in specific places throughout the country raised further debate, as they often provoked reactions (of substantial political costs), given that different localities tend to exhibit different attitudes and views towards refugees and immigrants. Since these perceptions seem to exert a significant effect on the direction of public debate and state policy there have been a number of nationwide surveys that have sought to shed light on them. These studies certainly advance our understanding on how Greeks in totality perceive those issues, but they also suffer from serious limitations regarding the specificities that different localities exhibit. On their grounds, the current works seek to provide a comparative analysis between the results of a nation-wide survey and a locally contacted one, contrasting perceptions between people living in Athens metropolitan area and in three small-medium size cities in central Greece (Trikala, Larisa, and Volos), in order to identify similarities and differences in views between the different spatial scales.
在过去的十年里,希腊接收了大量的移民、难民和寻求庇护者,由于欧盟和国家层面的具体决定,他们被无限期地“困”在希腊。处理这种情况过去是,现在仍然是一个热点问题,国家政策仍然侧重于接收和控制,而不是融合。此外,难民在全国各地特定地点的空间分配引起了进一步的辩论,因为它们往往引起反应(付出巨大的政治代价),因为不同的地方往往对难民和移民表现出不同的态度和观点。由于这些看法似乎对公共辩论和国家政策的方向产生了重大影响,因此已经进行了许多全国性的调查,试图阐明这些看法。这些研究无疑促进了我们对希腊人整体如何看待这些问题的理解,但它们也受到不同地区表现出的特殊性的严重限制。基于此,目前的作品试图对全国范围的调查结果和当地接触的调查结果进行比较分析,对比雅典大都市区和希腊中部三个中小城市(特里卡拉、拉里萨和沃罗斯)的人们的看法,以确定不同空间尺度之间观点的异同。
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引用次数: 1
'I Would Say I Am Austrian but …' - Multiple Spatial Belongings and Hybrid Identities among Young People in Vienna, Austria “我会说我是奥地利人,但……”——奥地利维也纳年轻人的多重空间归属和混合身份
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.j.sch.12.3.21.38
Judith Schnelzer, C. Hintermann, Isabel Kern
Young people who live in or attend school in Vienna grow up in multicultural environments, as immigration has shaped the Austrian society over the last decades. In public debates, migrants and their descendants are repeatedly called on to “integrate”, while their feelings of belonging to Austria are questioned. Drawing from discussions on hybrid and multiple identities, this study explores the spatial dimension of identity constructions of students in Vienna aged between 14 and 19 years. Quantitative data from a comprehensive online survey and qualitative data from group discussions reveal that multiple spatial belongings on different scales are the rule and not the exception among young Viennese. Furthermore, on a national level, participants identify with Austria to a much larger extent than with any other country. Findings emphasise the need for a mixed-methods approach when researching questions of identity constructions. Fieldwork experiences furthermore show that young people are highly interested in discussing the topic, as they are confronted with these issues on a daily basis.
在维也纳生活或上学的年轻人在多元文化环境中长大,因为移民在过去几十年中塑造了奥地利社会。在公开辩论中,移民及其后代一再被要求“融入”,而他们对奥地利的归属感也受到质疑。本研究通过对混合身份和多重身份的讨论,探讨了维也纳14至19岁学生身份建构的空间维度。来自一项全面在线调查的定量数据和来自小组讨论的定性数据表明,在年轻的维也纳人中,不同尺度的多重空间归属是规律,而不是例外。此外,在国家层面上,与会者对奥地利的认同程度比任何其他国家都要大得多。研究结果强调,在研究身份建构问题时,需要采用混合方法。实地工作经验进一步表明,年轻人对讨论这个话题非常感兴趣,因为他们每天都会遇到这些问题。
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引用次数: 0
The results of a complex study of the Turchu limestone hollow (polje). Western Georgia, Caucasus 对吐尔楚石灰岩洞穴(polje)进行复杂研究的结果。格鲁吉亚西部,高加索
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.z.lez.12.3.006.020
Zaza Lezhava1, Kukuri Tsikarishvili, Lasha Asanidze, Nino Chikhradze, Tamazi Karalashvili, Davit T. Odilavadze, Avtandil Tarkhnishvili
Based on the complex studies (geographical-geological, karst-speleological, and geophysical studies), conducted by the authors in the study area, karst forms such as sinkholes and ponors were identified, the width (2-17 m) of the Quaternary deposits located on the limestones were determined, the average and maximum discharges of the streams flowing on the bottom of the hollow were calculated. Studies have also shown that relatively heavy rains and snowmelt periodically flood the relatively low, western part of the hollow and create a temporary lake that soon dries up through the ponors at the bottom of the hollow, where the water stream are discharged. The closed shape of the Turchu hollow the limestone bottom covered with Quaternary deposits and the events described above indicate the corrosive origin of the hollow, which has been practically confirmed by our georadiological and electrometric studies. It is notable that the role of tectonic movements in the origin of the hollow along with the corrosive processes, which had a periodic character, and together with the uplifting of the area caused the lowering of the levels of underground waters and, consequently, the activation of karst processes.
作者在研究区进行了地理地质、岩溶洞穴学和地球物理等综合研究,确定了灰岩上第四纪沉积物的宽度(2 ~ 17 m),并计算了空洞底部水流的平均流量和最大流量。研究还表明,相对较强的降雨和融雪周期性地淹没山谷相对较低的西部地区,形成一个临时湖泊,很快就会通过山谷底部的ponors干涸,在那里水流被排出。吐尔楚凹陷的封闭形状和底部覆盖着第四纪沉积物的石灰岩,以及上述事件表明了该凹陷的腐蚀成因,这已被我们的地质学和电测量学研究实际证实。值得注意的是,构造运动在凹陷形成过程中的作用以及具有周期性的腐蚀作用,加上该地区的隆升,造成了地下水水位的降低,从而激活了岩溶作用。
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引用次数: 0
The expansion of the Brazilian Federal Universities Network as a vehicle for urban and regional sustainable development 扩大巴西联邦大学网络,作为城市和区域可持续发展的工具
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.w.bau.12.2.074.089
Wendel H. Baumgartner
The present research paper aims to analyze the spatial results of the expansion that Brazilian Federal Universities Network have presented between 2003 and 2018, looking forward the impacts and possibilities towards the achievement of urban and regional sustainable development. In economically obsolete or marginalized areas or in those with strong industrial dynamism or agribusiness production, these new campuses also can be understood as vehicles to promote economic security/growth, social equity and assure environmental integrity. Focusing in two empirical studies, based in qualitative and quantitative methodologies, besides the theoretical approach, in cities and regions of Bahia state which received two new universities, we present the economic contribution of the new campuses, the challenges and strategies to socially develop places with high amount of vulnerable population, and the environmental potentialities to build green campus, understood as a nature-based solution, and to implement the Sustainable Developing Goals.
本研究旨在分析2003年至2018年巴西联邦大学网络扩张的空间结果,展望其对实现城市和区域可持续发展的影响和可能性。在经济上落后或边缘化的地区,或在工业活力强或农业综合企业生产的地区,这些新校园也可以被理解为促进经济安全/增长、社会公平和确保环境完整性的工具。在巴伊亚州接收了两所新大学的城市和地区,除了理论方法之外,我们还集中进行了两项基于定性和定量方法的实证研究,展示了新校园的经济贡献、弱势群体大量地区社会发展的挑战和策略,以及建设绿色校园的环境潜力,这被理解为一种基于自然的解决方案。落实可持续发展目标。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in regional development in Slovenia in the light of the goals of sustainable development 根据可持续发展目标的斯洛文尼亚区域发展趋势
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.k.mal.12.2.36.51
K. V. Mally
Applying sustainable development into practice is an important national and regional policy goal in Slovenia; in addition, the country’s membership in the European Union further commits it to the goals of sustainable development. The research presented in this article is based on the use of a set of 32 economic, social and environmental indicators of sustainable development and the calculation of a synthetic indicator of sustainable regional development for all twelve Slovenian NUTS-3 regions in the period 2015–2019. In the final step, a synthetic assessment of the possibilities for implementing sustainable development in individual Slovenian regions is given, in which regions are classified into four different types. A comparison with the previous five-year period showed that Slovenia achieved progress in most of the socio-economic aspects of sustainable development analyzed, while the situation deteriorated with respect to environmental aspects. The largest differences among Slovenian regions were calculated in the economic area, and the smallest in the environmental area, which is also in line with the findings of previous research. There continues to be a development divide between the more prosperous western part of the country and the eastern part, which lags behind and for the most part also has poorer prospects for sustainable development. This trend is unfavorable for the balanced as well as sustainable development of Slovenian regions.
将可持续发展付诸实践是斯洛文尼亚的一项重要国家和区域政策目标;此外,该国作为欧盟成员国,进一步致力于实现可持续发展的目标。本文提出的研究基于使用一组32个可持续发展的经济、社会和环境指标,并计算了2015-2019年期间所有12个斯洛文尼亚NUTS-3地区的可持续区域发展综合指标。在最后一步中,对斯洛文尼亚各地区实现可持续发展的可能性进行了综合评估,将各地区分为四种不同类型。与前五年相比,斯洛文尼亚在所分析的可持续发展的大部分社会经济方面取得了进展,而在环境方面情况恶化。斯洛文尼亚各地区之间的差异最大的是经济区域,最小的是环境区域,这也与之前的研究结果一致。该国较繁荣的西部和东部之间仍然存在发展鸿沟,后者落后,而且在大多数情况下可持续发展前景也较差。这一趋势不利于斯洛文尼亚各地区的平衡和可持续发展。
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引用次数: 2
The krathis lake, one century of evolution. 克拉斯湖,经历了一个世纪的演变。
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.m.gro.12.2.20.35
Maria Groumpou, P. Avramidis, G. Iliopoulos, H. Papaefthymiou, I. Koukouvelas
A riverbed swamp in the Krathis River, N. Peloponnese, is studied and analyzed geomorphologicaly. Our analysis is also based on sedimentological, geochemical, palaeontological and radiometric dating data which enabled the investigation of the possible relationship between the studied swamp and the 1913 Tsivlos landslide. Sedimentological analysis showed that the current sedimentation is dominated by fine grain material and occasional coarse-grained beds. Micropalaeontological analysis indicated that the deeper layers of the core are barren, while the upper ones contain fresh water ostracods suggesting hydrodynamically a progressively more stable environment. In accordance, radiocarbon C14 and 137Cs dating showed a progressively decreasing sedimentation rate over the last fifty years. The results of this study show that the Tsivlos landslide is not the only cause for the formation of the modern swamp. Tectonic movements in the area seem to play a decisive role causing uplift and subsidence in the area near an active fault.
对北伯罗奔尼撒克拉提斯河的河床沼泽进行了地貌研究和分析。我们的分析还基于沉积学、地球化学、古生物学和辐射测年数据,这些数据使我们能够调查所研究的沼泽与1913年Tsivlos滑坡之间的可能关系。沉积学分析表明,目前的沉积以细粒物质为主,偶尔也有粗粒层。微观岩石学分析表明,地核的深层是贫瘠的,而上层含有淡水介形虫,这表明流体动力学环境越来越稳定。据此,放射性碳C14和137Cs测年显示,在过去五十年中,沉积速率逐渐下降。研究结果表明,Tsivlos滑坡并不是现代沼泽形成的唯一原因。该地区的构造运动似乎对活动断层附近地区的隆起和沉降起着决定性作用。
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引用次数: 1
Informal cadastres as enabling tools for disaster risk management 非正式地籍作为灾害风险管理的辅助工具
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.e.kur.12.2.052.073
Edward Kurwakumire, Shelter Kuzhazha, Paul Muchechetere
Disaster Risk Management requires up-to-date land information availed through the cadastre. Informal settlements are often located in disaster prone areas. Having up-to-date land information about these informal settlements is one step towards disaster preparedness and building community resilience in the highway towards sustainable development. This study designs conceptual models using unified modelling language (UML) for an informal cadastre for recording land information pertinent to disaster risk management based on a South African case study. The results demonstrate that land tenure relationships in informal settlements can be mapped using the Social Tenure Domain Model (STDM). The importance of disaster information is that it provides communities with information to tackle disasters and improve in their capabilities to handle them. With such information, the disaster risk can be minimised. This study is aligned to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 and 3. The linkage between spatial data, disaster resilience and the SDGs is explored.
灾害风险管理需要通过地籍提供最新的土地信息。非正规住区往往位于灾害多发地区。掌握有关这些非正规住区的最新土地信息是在通往可持续发展的高速公路上做好灾害准备和建设社区复原力的一步。本研究基于南非的一个案例研究,使用统一建模语言(UML)为非正式地籍设计了概念模型,用于记录与灾害风险管理相关的土地信息。研究结果表明,可以使用社会保有权领域模型(STDM)绘制非正规住区的土地保有权关系图。灾害信息的重要性在于,它为社区提供了应对灾害的信息,并提高了他们的应对能力。有了这些信息,灾害风险可以降到最低。本研究与可持续发展目标1和3相一致。探讨了空间数据、抗灾能力和可持续发展目标之间的联系。
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引用次数: 1
Capacity of Zlatitsa Municipality (Western Bulgaria) to provide ecosystem services 兹拉蒂察市(保加利亚西部)提供生态系统服务的能力
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.48088/ejg.b.gor.12.2.006.019
B. Grigorov
The present research aims at estimating the capacity of the ecosystems in Zlatitsa Municipality to provide certain types of ecosystem services. The case study area is located in the western parts of Bulgaria, and it is a part of Sofia Province. The basis of the study is the CORINE Land Cover (CLC) classification (2018) upon which the Maes typology has been built. Fourteen (14) CLC Classes were distinguished in Zlatitsa Municipality, as well as five (5) ecosystem types. The capacity of the latter to provide ecosystem services was evaluated, based on a six-grade scale. The results of the study include maps of the provisioning, regulating, and cultural service capacity of the area, as well as an overall map of all of them. The research outcomes provided successful results, focusing on the importance of the provision of ecosystem services. They can be applied as a framework for similar studies in the neighboring municipalities.
本研究旨在评估兹拉蒂察市生态系统提供某些类型生态系统服务的能力。案例研究区位于保加利亚西部,是索非亚省的一部分。该研究的基础是CORINE土地覆盖(CLC)分类(2018),Maes类型学是建立在该分类的基础上的。Zlatitsa市区分了十四(14)个CLC类别,以及五(5)种生态系统类型。后者提供生态系统服务的能力是根据六级量表进行评估的。研究结果包括该地区的供应、监管和文化服务能力地图,以及所有这些的总体地图。研究成果取得了成功,重点关注提供生态系统服务的重要性。它们可以作为在邻近城市进行类似研究的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Time-lapse graphical representation methods for mapping of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams (IRES) 间歇河流和短暂溪流(IRES)制图的延时图形表示方法
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.48088/EJG.M.STA.12.1.051.067
M. Stamataki, O. Tzoraki, E. Sauquet
Flow data visualizations describe runoff, flooding or drought, showing the interconnectivity and complexity of water data issues or water management problems. Intermittent Flow Rivers constitute more than half of the length of the global river network and their presence is expanding in response to climate change. A new approach is developed to visualize the flow of the Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams (IRES) based on the creation of time-lapse videos. Two statistical methods, the Natural Breaks and Equal Interval one, are used and evaluated for the creation of the mapping content. The flow dataset of IRES for the island of Crete (in Greece) is used as a case study for a six-year period. The results of both methods are used as an input to create the time-lapse videos of IRES. The videos show the flow fluctuation and cessation during a six-year period and the differences between the two methods.
流量数据可视化描述了径流、洪水或干旱,显示了水数据问题或水管理问题的相互关联性和复杂性。间歇流河流占全球河流网络长度的一半以上,随着气候变化,它们的存在正在扩大。在创建延时视频的基础上,开发了一种新的方法来可视化间歇河流和短暂溪流(IRES)的流量。使用并评估了两种统计方法,即Natural Breaks和Equal Interval,用于创建映射内容。克里特岛(希腊)的IRES流量数据集被用作六年期的案例研究。两种方法的结果都被用作创建IRES的延时视频的输入。视频显示了六年期间流量的波动和停止,以及两种方法之间的差异。
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引用次数: 1
Visiting Index: Supporting decision-making on Open Urban Spaces 访问指数:支持城市开放空间决策
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-05-24 DOI: 10.48088/EJG.D.CHO.12.1.037.050
D. Chondrogianni, Y. Stephanedes
This Open urban space functions as the stage of the city where public life unfolds. These spaces, which provide traffic networks, communication nodes and common spaces for play and relaxation and play a key factor in shaping cities and enhancing urban resilience. Forming and planning urban spaces is a complex and demanding process and, in many cases, the final approved proposal lies upon city decision-makers. Supporting stakeholders to approve plans and regeneration actions creating desirable open spaces, corresponding to urban living needs, seems crucial. In this framework, the research focuses on identifying the priorities of the decision-making prosses and citizens’ preferences on open urban spaces. In addition, the way in which citizens’ preferences define the number of their visits to an urban space is investigated in order to develop a model estimating Demand side on open urban spaces. As the parameter of Supply of open urban areas should not be ignored in this process, the Visiting Index is developed as the key performance indicator to be under study by stakeholders. At last, considering that urban areas are complex, dynamic systems evolving rapidly, the dynamic relationships among the parameters of Visiting Index are described in Casula Loop Diagram to contribute to making open urban spaces effectively manageable.
这个开放的城市空间是城市的舞台,公共生活在这里展开。这些空间提供交通网络、通信节点和公共休闲空间,在塑造城市和增强城市韧性方面发挥着关键作用。城市空间的形成和规划是一个复杂而苛刻的过程,在许多情况下,最终批准的方案取决于城市决策者。支持利益相关者批准计划和重建行动,创造符合城市生活需求的理想开放空间,似乎至关重要。在此框架下,研究的重点是确定决策过程的优先事项和公民对开放城市空间的偏好。此外,本文还研究了市民的偏好如何决定他们访问城市空间的次数,以建立一个估计开放城市空间需求侧的模型。在此过程中,由于开放城市区域供给的参数不可忽视,因此将访问指数作为关键绩效指标,供利益相关者研究。最后,考虑到城市区域是一个复杂的、动态的、快速演变的系统,在Casula循环图中描述了访问指数参数之间的动态关系,有助于有效地管理城市开放空间。
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引用次数: 1
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European Journal of Geography
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