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Remote sensing road segmentation and breakpoint repair based on deep learning 基于深度学习的遥感道路分割与断点修复
Yuanyuan Li, Haibo Zhang, Lei Cai, Junping Ren, Shengting Xiang
The current high-resolution remote sensing image road extraction methods mostly use an end-to-end network model to predict road, which is helpful to the global feature expression of road extraction, but ignores local feature express. Therefore, in order to better balance the global information and local information extracted by the road, in this paper, we use SEResNext to extract rich semantic information from low to high channel to construct the encoder, and use the global mixed feature module (GMFM) to upsample and recover to the original image size to construct the decoder, in which dense skip connections promote semantic information fusion. In addition, we use polynomial fitting and morphological-based methods to repair road breakpoints. Experiments show that compared with similar networks, the accuracy and completeness of road extraction in this paper have been significantly improved, the precision achieves 88.765%, the recall is 84.224%, and the achieves 86.435%.
目前的高分辨率遥感图像道路提取方法多采用端到端网络模型进行道路预测,有利于道路提取的全局特征表达,而忽略了局部特征表达。因此,为了更好地平衡道路提取的全局信息和局部信息,本文使用SEResNext从低到高通道提取丰富的语义信息来构建编码器,使用全局混合特征模块(GMFM)上采样并恢复到原始图像大小来构建解码器,其中密集的跳跃连接促进了语义信息的融合。此外,我们使用多项式拟合和基于形态学的方法来修复道路断点。实验表明,与同类网络相比,本文道路提取的准确率和完整性有了显著提高,准确率达到88.765%,召回率达到84.224%,召回率达到86.435%。
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引用次数: 0
A Formation Maintenance Method of UAV Swarm under Wind Disturbances 风扰动下无人机编队维护方法研究
Lei Fu, Ruizhi Mao, Yu Yang, Yachao Yang
Formation maintenance control is one of the important methods to maintain the flight stability of multiple UAVs, and the inevitable wind disturbances during formation flight make many existing methods difficult to implement. In this paper, we study the formation maintenance problem when multiple UAVs fly according to the preset trajectory under wind disturbances, and propose a novel decentralized formation control method. A synchronized trajectory generation method that can resist wind disturbances is designed in this paper. The method generates a real-time formation trajectory for each UAV, estimates the time for local aircraft to complete this trajectory after eliminating errors caused by wind, and obtains the time to reach the next waypoint together through inter-aircraft communication. To satisfy the time constraint of the formation trajectory, the trajectory tracker of each UAV generates a virtual point for the local aircraft. A kinematic relationship is established for the UAV to track its virtual point, and a PD velocity controller with wind compensation is designed to enable the UAV to accurately track its virtual point location. We used hardware-in-the-loop simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the formation maintenance method in a variety of wind speeds. Subsequently, a field flight test of triangular formation was conducted using 6 miniature fixed-wing UAVs, and the designed formation method can reduce the formation error to about 3m under 6m/s wind speed disturbance.
编队保持控制是保持多架无人机飞行稳定性的重要方法之一,编队飞行过程中不可避免的风干扰使现有的许多方法难以实现。研究了多架无人机在风干扰下按预定轨迹飞行时的编队维护问题,提出了一种新的分散编队控制方法。本文设计了一种能抵抗风扰动的同步轨迹生成方法。该方法为每架无人机生成实时编队轨迹,在消除风力误差后估计本地飞机完成该轨迹所需的时间,并通过机间通信得到共同到达下一个航路点的时间。为了满足编队轨迹的时间约束,每架无人机的轨迹跟踪器为本地飞行器生成一个虚拟点。建立了无人机跟踪虚拟点的运动关系,设计了带风补偿的PD速度控制器,实现了无人机对虚拟点的精确跟踪。我们使用硬件在环模拟来证明地层维护方法在各种风速下的有效性。随后,利用6架小型固定翼无人机进行了三角编队的现场飞行试验,设计的编队方法可以在6m/s风速扰动下将编队误差减小到3m左右。
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引用次数: 0
Temperature Field Analysis of Cylindrical Roller Bearing based on Rheological Properties of Grease 基于润滑脂流变特性的圆柱滚子轴承温度场分析
Liqun Wang, Yongzhi Pan, Zhenfeng Jiang, Yinhang Zhang, X. Fu, Xiuhua Men
The rheological properties of grease have a significant influence on the heat generation and heat transfer of bearings. However, due to the combined effects of shear rate, temperature and load, there are few studies on the bearing temperature field considering the rheological properties of grease. In this paper, the Bauser four-parameter model describing the rheological properties of grease is used to calculate the heat generation of bearings under grease lubrication conditions and conduct finite element analysis on the temperature field of bearings by considering the effects of viscosity of different grease base oils, plastic viscosity and shear rate affected by working conditions on heat generation and heat distribution. Considering the contact heat between the roller and inner and outer raceway and viscous friction heat of the cage, the raceway is regarded as a moving heat source, and the finite element analysis model of grease-lubricated cylindrical roller bearing is established. Taking a certain type of bearing as an example, the distribution law of bearing working temperature under different grease lubrication conditions is analyzed. The results show that under the condition of considering the rheological properties of grease, the heat generation of bearings under different grease lubrication conditions is quite different. The highest temperature inside the bearing appears at the contact center between the roller and the outer raceway, and the area with a higher temperature is more prone to surface damage.
润滑脂的流变特性对轴承的产热和传热有显著的影响。然而,由于剪切速率、温度和载荷的综合影响,考虑润滑脂流变特性的轴承温度场研究很少。本文采用描述润滑脂流变特性的Bauser四参数模型,计算润滑脂润滑条件下轴承的产热,并考虑不同润滑脂基础油的粘度、受工况影响的塑性粘度和剪切速率对产热和热分布的影响,对轴承的温度场进行有限元分析。考虑滚子与内外滚道的接触热和保持架的粘性摩擦热,将滚道视为运动热源,建立了油脂润滑圆柱滚子轴承的有限元分析模型。以某型轴承为例,分析了不同油脂润滑条件下轴承工作温度的分布规律。结果表明,在考虑润滑脂流变特性的条件下,不同润滑脂润滑条件下轴承的产热有较大差异。轴承内部的最高温度出现在滚子和外滚道之间的接触中心,温度较高的区域更容易发生表面损伤。
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引用次数: 1
A Model Based on Survival-based Credit Risk Assessment System of SMEs 基于生存的中小企业信用风险评估系统模型
Jia Chen, Chunjie Wang, R. Leone
Assessment of the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on their strength and reputation is very important for the banks as the basis for credit decisions. We establish a model of credit risk assessment system for SMEs based on Nonparametric Maximum Likelihood Estimation (NPMLE) of survival function which addresses the Case Ⅱ interval-censored data. An empirical analysis of a real data set about 425 Chinese SMEs is carried out. Firstly, the data information of 425 SMEs are preprocessed and three main factors are considered: enterprise strength, development potential, situation of supply and demand relationship of upstream and downstream. Then we extract appropriate features based on those factors. The association between credit risk of SMEs and the extracted features is discussed and variable selection is implemented by Random Forest. What's more, the prediction of the credit risk is carried out by Double Random Forest (DRF), which is a competitive ensemble method in classification and prediction. The predictive accuracy is evaluated by ROC curves and confusion matrices, and the outcomes show that DRF outperforms Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). Combining the outcomes of prediction with the features, the intervals into which the repayment time fall are obtained, and hence the data set is Case Ⅱ interval-censored, i.e., the exact time of repayment is unknown and we only know that the repayment time falls into an interval. The issue of risk assessments based on Case Ⅱ interval-censored has received little attentions in the literature. Here the case of prepayment, on-time and late payment are all under discussion. The NPMLE is applied to estimate the probability of repayment varying with time. The survival curves of SMEs with different credit rating are drawn, thus establishing a credit risk assessment system for SMEs.
基于中小企业的实力和声誉对中小企业的信用风险进行评估是银行信贷决策的重要依据。针对Ⅱ区间剔除数据的情况,建立了基于生存函数非参数极大似然估计(NPMLE)的中小企业信用风险评估系统模型。本文对425家中国中小企业的真实数据进行了实证分析。首先对425家中小企业的数据信息进行预处理,主要考虑企业实力、发展潜力、上下游供需关系状况三个因素。然后根据这些因素提取相应的特征。讨论了中小企业信用风险与提取特征之间的关系,并采用随机森林方法进行变量选择。采用双随机森林(Double Random Forest, DRF)对信用风险进行预测,这是一种分类和预测的竞争集成方法。通过ROC曲线和混淆矩阵对预测精度进行评估,结果表明DRF优于支持向量机(SVM)和随机森林(RF)。将预测结果与特征相结合,得到还款时间落在哪个区间,因此数据集为CaseⅡinterval- censorship,即还款的确切时间未知,我们只知道还款时间落在某个区间。基于案例Ⅱ间隔审查的风险评估问题在文献中很少受到关注。在这里,提前付款、按时付款和延期付款都在讨论之中。应用NPMLE来估计随时间变化的还款概率。绘制不同信用等级的中小企业的生存曲线,从而建立中小企业信用风险评估体系。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Hot Extrusion Preforming of Powder Titanium Alloy Valve 粉末钛合金阀门热挤压预成形数值模拟与分析
Ronge Liu, Bao-yu Wang, Shushan Hu
Due to low cost and good properties, the use of powder metallurgy titanium alloy in automobile industry to reduce weight and improve performance has been approved by automobile manufacturers. Based on the finite element method, the hot extrusion preforming process of Ti6Al4V powder titanium alloy valve was numerically calculated, and the influences of billet temperature, extrusion speed and extrusion ratio on temperature distribution and porosity were analyzed. The results show that temperature and deformation degree are the main factors affecting densification. Increasing extrusion ratio and billet temperature can improve densification. The temperature rise at the die exit are the highest. Taking the phase transition temperature of Ti6Al4V powder titanium alloy as the critical temperature, the critical curve of temperature rise under different extrusion ratios were obtained. It provides a reference for the selection of valve forming process parameters.
粉末冶金钛合金由于其成本低、性能好,在汽车工业中用于减轻重量和提高性能已得到汽车制造商的认可。基于有限元方法,对Ti6Al4V粉末钛合金阀门热挤压预成形过程进行了数值计算,分析了坯料温度、挤压速度和挤压比对温度分布和孔隙率的影响。结果表明,温度和变形程度是影响致密化的主要因素。提高挤压比和坯料温度可以提高致密性。模具出口处的温升最高。以Ti6Al4V粉末钛合金相变温度为临界温度,得到了不同挤压比下的温升临界曲线。为阀门成形工艺参数的选择提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Flexsim-based Simulation and Optimization of Green Logistics Distribution Center 基于flexsim的绿色物流配送中心仿真与优化
Shuai Wang, Shumeng Wang, Nianbing Zhang
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of logistics distribution center and logistics system simulation methods, a complete framework of the layout planning problem of logistics distribution center is established. By using the logistics simulation software Flexsim, a simple modeling simulation of the whole process of logistics distribution center is carried out, and according to the analysis of the simulation results, the problems of this logistics system are identified, and optimization and improvement are made. Firstly, the system model of the simulation model was established by analyzing and planning the layout and operation process of a small logistics distribution center. Secondly, Flexsim; simulation software is selected to model and simulate the distribution center and get the corresponding model of logistics distribution center. The problems of the logistics distribution center were found better, and the planning scheme of the logistics distribution center was evaluated scientifically and reasonably, and the model was optimized to some extent. The effectiveness of using Flexsim to optimize the model of the logistics distribution center is demonstrated by comparing the difference between the model before and after optimization at a lower cost and faster speed.
在综合分析物流配送中心特点和物流系统仿真方法的基础上,建立了物流配送中心布局规划问题的完整框架。利用物流仿真软件Flexsim,对物流配送中心的全过程进行了简单的建模仿真,并根据仿真结果分析,找出了该物流系统存在的问题,并对其进行了优化和改进。首先,通过对某小型物流配送中心的布局和运营流程进行分析和规划,建立了仿真模型的系统模型。其次,Flexsim;选择仿真软件对配送中心进行建模和仿真,得到相应的物流配送中心模型。较好地发现了物流配送中心存在的问题,对物流配送中心规划方案进行了科学合理的评价,并对模型进行了一定程度的优化。通过比较优化前后模型的差异,以更低的成本和更快的速度,证明了Flexsim对物流配送中心模型进行优化的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Blood Damage Analysis of ECMO Centrifugal Pump Based on CFD 基于CFD的ECMO离心泵血液损伤分析
Zheng-tang Tan
Based on CFD software, the flow field of ECMO centrifugal blood pump is numerically simulated, the head characteristics of blood pump under different flow rates are calculated, the pressure, velocity and shear stress distribution of blood flowing through the impeller are studied, the cor/responding cloud images are obtained, and the effects of velocity and shear stress on blood damage are analyzed. The results show that the head curves of different flow rates coincide approximately, and all meet the requirements of blood pump parameters. When the flow rate of blood pump is lower than 6m / s, the volume fraction is 92.8%, and the volume fraction in the area with shear stress of 0-150pa is 97.95%. The blood damage of pump is small and hemolysis is not easy to occur.
基于CFD软件,对ECMO离心血泵的流场进行数值模拟,计算了不同流量下血泵的头部特性,研究了血液在叶轮内流动的压力、速度和剪应力分布,获得了响应云图,并分析了速度和剪应力对血液损伤的影响。结果表明,不同流量下的水头曲线近似重合,均满足血泵参数要求。当血泵流量低于6m / s时,体积分数为92.8%,在0-150pa剪切应力区域的体积分数为97.95%。泵血损伤小,不易发生溶血。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Water Penetration Velocity on Temperature Field of Strip Steel 水渗透速度对带钢温度场的影响
Shushan Hu, Q. Zhang, Ronge Liu
The three-dimensional numerical simulation of the quenching process of strip steel were carried out based on the finite element method, and analyzed the effect of water penetration speed on the cooling uniformity of strip steel in the wide direction. The results show that with the increase of water penetration speed, the temperature of each point in the width direction of strip steel increases continuously. After cooling, the temperature variance of each point first increases and then decreases; By comparison, the cooling uniformity along the width direction is best when the strip speed is 1m/s, and which is worst when the strip speed is 2m/s. Good cooling effect can be obtained by changing the spray speed of nozzle under different water penetration speed of strip steel. The results can provide reference and basis for water quenching process of strip steel in practical industrial production.
基于有限元法对带钢淬火过程进行了三维数值模拟,分析了水渗透速度对带钢宽方向冷却均匀性的影响。结果表明:随着水渗透速度的增加,带钢宽度方向各点温度不断升高;冷却后各点温度方差先增大后减小;结果表明,带钢速度为1m/s时沿宽度方向的冷却均匀性最好,带钢速度为2m/s时冷却均匀性最差。在不同的带钢浸水速度下,通过改变喷嘴的喷射速度可以获得良好的冷却效果。研究结果可为实际工业生产中地带钢的水淬工艺提供参考和依据。
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引用次数: 0
Tool Wear Prediction Based on BiLSTMA Networks 基于BiLSTMA网络的刀具磨损预测
Chunyan Qian, Qingqing Huang, Haofei Xie, Dong Yan, Yushuang Wu
As a key part of CNC machine, the degradation state of tools directly affects the quality of workpieces processing. It is an urgent problem to extract effective feature information from multiple sensors signals and establish an accurate tool wear prediction model. In this article, a tool wear prediction method based on bidirectional long short-term memory attention neural networks (BiLSTMA) is proposed to this problem. Firstly, the paper divides the time series data into data of different time periods and extracts the time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain features of the local time period. Secondly, BiLSTM neural network is used to further extract deep features of time dimension from all local features. Finally, an attention mechanism is introduced to reasonably allocate attention weights of the deep features for tool wear prediction. The effectiveness of this method in improving tool wear prediction accuracy is verified by experiments.
刀具作为数控机床的关键部件,其退化状态直接影响到工件的加工质量。如何从多传感器信号中提取有效的特征信息,建立准确的刀具磨损预测模型是一个迫切需要解决的问题。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于双向长短期记忆注意神经网络(BiLSTMA)的刀具磨损预测方法。首先,将时间序列数据分成不同时间段的数据,提取局部时间段的时域、频域、时频域特征;其次,利用BiLSTM神经网络从所有局部特征中进一步提取时间维深度特征;最后,引入了一种注意机制,合理分配刀具磨损深度特征的注意权重。通过实验验证了该方法对提高刀具磨损预测精度的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Motor Skill Training Auxiliary Decision-Making Support System Based on Kinect 基于Kinect的运动技能训练辅助决策支持系统设计
Fan Zhang
Aiming at the problem of insufficient stability of traditional motor skill training auxiliary decision-making system in dark or dark environment, this paper designs a motor skill training auxiliary decision-making support system based on Kinect. In terms of hardware design, Kinect is used as the main hardware and TOF technology is used to set the parameters of distance and reachable field of view to obtain motor skill training data. In terms of software design, Kinect is used to determine the bone node of human characteristics, track human data and smooth it, store the smoothed data in the designed data warehouse, and connect the scattered databases together as the support of auxiliary decision-making. On this basis, priority constraints are set for each module in the system to ensure the normal operation of the system. So far, the overall design of the system has been completed. The experimental results show that the motion training aided decision support system based on Kinect designed in this paper has more accurate recognition angle of human motion image and less joint position positioning error in the case of darkness or dark light, which proves that the system has good stability.
针对传统运动技能训练辅助决策系统在黑暗或黑暗环境下稳定性不足的问题,本文设计了一种基于Kinect的运动技能训练辅助决策支持系统。在硬件设计方面,以Kinect为主要硬件,利用TOF技术设置距离和可达视场参数,获取运动技能训练数据。在软件设计方面,利用Kinect确定人体特征的骨节点,跟踪人体数据并进行平滑处理,将平滑后的数据存储在设计的数据仓库中,并将分散的数据库连接在一起,作为辅助决策的支持。在此基础上,对系统中的各个模块设置优先级约束,保证系统的正常运行。至此,系统的总体设计已经完成。实验结果表明,本文设计的基于Kinect的运动训练辅助决策支持系统在黑暗或暗光情况下具有更准确的人体运动图像识别角度和更小的关节位置定位误差,证明系统具有良好的稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation
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