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Greening human capital and business cycle: The role of educational policies 绿色人力资本与经济周期:教育政策的作用
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001007
Marina Albanese, Francesco Busato, Gianluigi Cisco
Higher education institutions play a central role in shaping labor skills and green culture essential in the future low-carbon economy. This paper examines the im-pact of green education policies in the higher education sector on the business cy-cle and compares them to standard incentives to encourage green production at the firm level. For our purpose, we set up a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model extended to account for the endogenous selection of green and traditional human capital and heterogeneous households that differ in their ability to access labor markets and with different availabilities of human capital. We find that both academic and firm subsidy measures enable the greening of human capital. How-ever, a green education stimulus is essential to increase the quality of green educa-tion and allow sustainable development in the long run. In contrast, firm-level green subsidies have a larger impact on short-term low-carbon productivity, as they main-ly affect hiring and investment decisions.
高等教育机构在塑造未来低碳经济必不可少的劳动技能和绿色文化方面发挥着核心作用。本文考察了高等教育部门绿色教育政策对经济周期的影响,并将其与企业层面鼓励绿色生产的标准激励措施进行了比较。为此,我们建立了一个动态随机一般均衡模型,扩展到考虑绿色和传统人力资本以及异质性家庭的内生选择,这些家庭进入劳动力市场的能力不同,人力资本的可用性不同。研究发现,无论是学术补贴措施还是企业补贴措施,都有利于人力资本绿色化。然而,绿色教育刺激计划对于提高绿色教育的质量和实现长期可持续发展至关重要。相比之下,企业层面的绿色补贴对短期低碳生产率的影响更大,因为它们主要影响招聘和投资决策。
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引用次数: 0
Industrial policy impact on competitiveness of companies and sustainable development in post-communist Kazakhstan 后共产主义哈萨克斯坦产业政策对公司竞争力和可持续发展的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001010
Yerzhan Raushanov, Turekhan B. Akhmetov
Industrial policy that can include industrial programs, liberalization of trade, anti-trust policy or price of capital regulation, in the context of post-communist Ka-zakhstan with its historical particularities of institutions has distinctive features. In order to develop different sectors of economy Kazakhstan government imple-mented two sequential industrial programs for 2010-2019 period. It was expected positive effect of the industrial programs and another initiatives of industrial poli-cy on survivorship of companies inside the country. However, concentration rates of companies and retailers within 20 industries that are highly dependent on indus-tries within programs, were increasing during the period of programs realization and liberalization of trade. In order to estimate which of instruments of the indus-trial policy are effective we employ logistic regression model where competitive-ness of companies is dependent on observed factors. The secondary dataset con-sists of 2271 observations at firm level obtained from Euromonitor International and official sources of Kazakhstan government. We find significant impact of Herfindahl-Hirschman index of companies and an interest rate of the National Bank of Kazakhstan on survivorship of firms rather than other instruments of in-dustrial policy in this case. The more attention the government pays to these in-struments the more companies survive.
产业政策可以包括工业项目、贸易自由化、反垄断政策或资本价格监管,在后共产主义背景下的哈萨克斯坦,其制度的历史特殊性具有鲜明的特点。为了发展不同的经济部门,哈萨克斯坦政府在2010-2019年期间实施了两个连续的工业计划。预计产业对策和产业政策将对国内企业的生存产生积极影响。然而,在计划实施和贸易自由化期间,对计划内行业高度依赖的20个行业内的公司和零售商的集中度有所增加。为了估计哪些产业试验政策的工具是有效的,我们采用逻辑回归模型,其中公司的竞争力取决于观察到的因素。二级数据集包括来自欧睿国际和哈萨克斯坦政府官方来源的2271个企业层面的观测数据。我们发现,在这种情况下,公司的赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数和哈萨克斯坦国家银行的利率对公司生存的影响显著,而不是其他产业政策工具。政府对这些工具的关注越多,存活下来的公司就越多。
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引用次数: 0
Metaverse, the last technological frontier of environmental sustainable food: Worldwide evidence from the first business case studies Metaverse,环境可持续食品的最新技术前沿:来自第一个商业案例研究的全球证据
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001009
Flavio Boccia, Joanna Rosak-Szyrocka, Houman Hashemzadeh, Daniela Covino
The purpose of this paper is to highlight for the first time the potential offered by this innovative technological opportunity in the coming years. The metaverse probably represents the boundary between the most avant-garde current innova-tions and, at the same time, what could be the possible development potentials of the near future. Through considerations on current knowledge and, above all, with the help of empirical evidence from the first business cases of metaverse applica-tions in the food sector, it is possible to understand how food companies can win in increasingly fierce international competition; it is necessary to invest more and more in economically, socially and environmentally sustainable strategic actions, above all in really new technological innovations. From the analysis of the first ex-isting case studies it is clear that the metaverse is certainly an innovation that opens up new sustainable economic possibilities, also for companies in the food sector. To date there are no other studies like this on this topic and, in particular, in the food system. However it is only a starting point for further future studies. Yet, it is already possible to identify the strategic potential of the metaverse.
本文的目的是首次强调这一创新技术机会在未来几年提供的潜力。元宇宙可能代表了当前最前卫的创新之间的边界,同时也代表了不久的将来可能的发展潜力。通过对现有知识的考虑,首先,借助来自食品行业中元宇宙应用的第一个商业案例的经验证据,有可能了解食品公司如何在日益激烈的国际竞争中获胜;必须越来越多地投资于经济、社会和环境上可持续的战略行动,首先是真正的新技术创新。从对第一个现有案例研究的分析来看,很明显,虚拟世界无疑是一种创新,为食品行业的公司开辟了新的可持续经济可能性。到目前为止,还没有其他关于这一主题的研究,特别是在食物系统中。然而,这只是未来进一步研究的一个起点。然而,已经有可能确定元宇宙的战略潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Doxastic managerial practice and management of the market economy 市场经济的管理实践与管理
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001003
Florina Bran, Ioan I. Gâf-Deac, Carmen-Valentina Radulescu, Elena Crizantema Vîlcu (Tanase), Sorin Burlacu, Maria Loredana Popescu, Dumitru Alexandru Bodislav
In the article we examined the plan for advanced concern about human perceptu-al horizons, based on deeper knowledge, to prove the faith in organization and management. In particular, we explored the premises of doxometric management, plausibility structures in relation to static or dynamic doxastic managerial attitudes to build neighborhood structures to increase decision confidence. We believe that in the first quarter of the 21st century it is not so much historical events, the Inter-net or electronic commerce, or technology in general that determine societal influ-ences and changes, but rather knowledge management. There have been and are unprecedented changes in the human condition. It is possible, from a sociological perspective, to show the end of modernity considering that managers and people, in general, those in developed Western societies, in particular, have already come under a strong rationality. No one dares to conceptually touch the market econo-my. We come to the conclusion that a new type of management is needed. It is about doxastic organization and leadership, by measuring trust and opening the borders of neighborhood structures.
在本文中,我们考察了基于更深层次知识的关于人类感知视野的高级关注计划,以证明对组织和管理的信心。特别是,我们探讨了计量管理的前提,与静态或动态动态管理态度相关的合理性结构,以建立邻里结构以增加决策信心。我们认为,在21世纪的头25年,与其说是历史事件、互联网或电子商务或一般的技术决定了社会的影响和变化,不如说是知识管理。人类的状况过去和现在都发生了前所未有的变化。从社会学的角度来看,考虑到管理者和人们,特别是西方发达社会的管理者和人们已经处于一种强烈的理性之下,现代性的终结是可能的。没有人敢从概念上碰触市场经济。我们得出结论,需要一种新的管理方式。通过衡量信任和开放邻里结构的边界,它是关于敌对的组织和领导。
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引用次数: 0
Protection of privacy in information technologies in the context of COVID-19: A comparative legal analysis of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the European Union 2019冠状病毒病背景下的信息技术隐私保护:哈萨克斯坦共和国与欧洲联盟的比较法律分析
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001004
Gizat Kubenov, Serik K. Zhetpisov, Gulnar A. Alibayeva, Yuriy Yu. Kolesnikov, Ainash K. Kydralinova
Today, the world community faces the arduous and responsible task of preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease COVID-19, which objectively requires the adoption of a complex of anti-epidemic (organizational, medical, administrative, and other) measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and to contain and elimi-nate this epidemic. At the same time, to a large extent, such measures are embod-ied in various forms of restrictions on the realization of civil, political, and other rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of a person and a citizen, as well as to a certain extent there are encroachments on the inviolability of a person's private life. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the state mechanisms of Ka-zakhstan and the European Union on legal support and security of personal data on the Internet, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine possible ways for their development and improvement. The research used dialecti-cal, historical-legal, formal-logical, comparative-legal, and special-legal research methods, and systemic-structural research methods, as well as the method of sys-temic analysis. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it de-velops new scientific provisions, proposals, and recommendations that deepen the theoretical and practical foundations in the field of legal regulation of personal da-ta protection in information technologies during the pandemic in the European Un-ion in general and in the Republic of Kazakhstan in particular.
当前,国际社会面临着预防新冠肺炎疫情传播的艰巨而负责任的任务,客观上需要采取综合的防疫措施(组织、医疗、行政等),防止新冠肺炎疫情蔓延,遏制和消除疫情。同时,这些措施在很大程度上体现为对个人和公民的公民权利、政治自由和其他合法利益的实现的各种形式的限制,并在一定程度上侵犯了个人私生活的不可侵犯性。这篇科学文章的目的是研究哈萨克斯坦和欧盟在互联网上个人数据的法律支持和安全方面的国家机制,特别是在COVID-19大流行期间,并确定其发展和改进的可能途径。研究采用了辩证法、历史法、形式逻辑、比较法、特殊法等研究方法和系统结构研究方法,以及系统分析方法。这项研究的理论意义在于,它提出了新的科学规定、提案和建议,深化了欧洲联盟特别是哈萨克斯坦共和国在疫情期间信息技术领域保护个人数据的法律监管领域的理论和实践基础。
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引用次数: 0
Surrogacy in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A theoretical and legal perspective on legislative regulation improvements 哈萨克斯坦共和国的代孕:完善立法法规的理论和法律视角
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001006
Madina Seidinova, Gulzhazira Ilyassova
A comprehensive understanding of medicine and psychology is indispensable for successful surrogacy practices. This paper aims to provide a qualitative assess-ment of modern Kazakhstan's legislative regulation of surrogacy in light of con-temporary challenges. This paper intends to highlight some aspects of surrogacy law that have not been adequately expressed in Kazakhstan contract law. The study revealed that a number of issues in this area are not regulated by law in Ka-zakhstan, creating legal gaps and potential contract law issues. Preparing a docu-ment or official commentary addressing many issues in contractual relationships pertaining to surrogacy contracts could be an essential solution. Family and healthcare lawyers will find the information in this paper useful for their practices.
对医学和心理学的全面了解对于成功的代孕实践是必不可少的。本文旨在根据当代的挑战,对现代哈萨克斯坦的代孕立法监管进行定性评估。本文旨在强调在哈萨克斯坦合同法中尚未充分表达的代孕法的一些方面。该研究表明,在哈萨克斯坦,这方面的一些问题没有受到法律的管制,造成了法律空白和潜在的合同法问题。准备一份文件或官方评论,解决与代孕合同有关的合同关系中的许多问题,可能是一个必要的解决方案。家庭和保健律师会发现这篇文章的信息对他们的实践有用。
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引用次数: 0
The role of social media in sustainable development and strengthening the image of a political leader: Kazakhstan experience 社会媒体在可持续发展和加强政治领导人形象方面的作用:哈萨克斯坦的经验
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001005
Berik Uali, Bagysh Gabdulina, Gulnar Askeyeva
In this article, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign studies, the concepts of "image", "individual image", "political image", as well as the features and tech-nologies of forming and strengthening the image of a political leader in the infor-mation space of Kazakhstan are disclosed. Having determined the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study, the team of authors conducted a con-tent analysis of social media texts that formed the public image of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) Kasim-Jomart Kemelovich Tokayev. Within the framework of this work, the political image was studied as a set of me-dia texts in social media that provide public communication between a politician and the audience in order to create an image that has characteristics that are con-gruent with the desires and moods of the masses. At the same time, a hypothesis was put forward, according to which, whatever the image of a political leader, his personal qualities, character traits influence his important political decisions and the results of his activities. Thus, the correlation of psychological qualities and the media image of a political leader, the topic of the direct influence of personality traits and character of a political leader on his image in the media and mass con-sciousness will always remain one of the most relevant. The hypothesis put forward was tested by a complete analysis of the political situation: general monitoring and selective content analysis of the materials of public speeches of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan K. K. Tokayev, covering the domestic and foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan from March 2019 to March 2021. Subsequently, with the help of the Polpred program, a fragmented situational analysis was performed: monitoring and content analysis of the image information of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan K.K. The choice of this time period was due to the fact that the month of January 2021 in Kazakhstan was politically saturated, i.e., elections were held to the lower house of the Parliament (Mazhilis and Maslikhats), there was a change in the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The method of content analysis of social media texts, which was used in the work, helped to identify the role of modern media in managing the image of a political leader in conditions of social tension, as well as the specifics of working with them in the context of solving this problem. Based on the results of the study of media texts, a model for managing the image of a political leader was developed, consisting of the following elements: factors affecting the image of a political leader; effective methods, technologies and tools for managing the image of a political leader; communication aspect in the use of selected methods, technologies and tools for optimizing public capital. In conclusion, conclusions are formulated about possible mechanisms for strengthening the image of the political lea
本文在分析国内外研究的基础上,揭示了哈萨克斯坦信息空间中“形象”、“个人形象”、“政治形象”的概念,以及政治领袖形象形成和强化的特点和技术。在确定了该研究的理论和方法基础之后,作者团队对构成哈萨克斯坦共和国总统(RK)卡西姆-乔马特·克梅洛维奇·托卡耶夫(Kasim-Jomart Kemelovich Tokayev)公众形象的社交媒体文本进行了内容分析。在这项工作的框架内,政治形象被研究为一组社交媒体上的me- media文本,这些文本提供了政治家与受众之间的公共沟通,以创造一种具有符合大众欲望和情绪特征的形象。同时,提出了一个假设,即无论政治领导人的形象如何,他的个人素质、性格特征都会影响他的重要政治决策和他的活动结果。因此,政治领导人的心理素质与媒体形象的相关性,政治领导人的人格特质和性格对其在媒体和大众意识中的形象的直接影响将永远是最相关的话题之一。通过对政治形势的全面分析,对哈萨克斯坦共和国总统托卡耶夫(K. K. Tokayev)在2019年3月至2021年3月期间的国内和外交政策的公开演讲材料进行全面监测和选择性内容分析,验证了这一假设。随后,在Polpred程序的帮助下,进行了碎片化的态势分析:对哈萨克斯坦共和国总统K.K.的图像信息进行监测和内容分析。选择这一时间段是因为哈萨克斯坦的2021年1月政治饱和,即议会下院(马日利斯和马斯里哈特)举行了选举,哈萨克斯坦共和国政府发生了变化。工作中使用的社交媒体文本内容分析方法有助于确定现代媒体在社会紧张条件下管理政治领导人形象方面的作用,以及在解决这一问题的背景下与他们合作的具体细节。基于媒体文本的研究结果,建立了政治领袖形象管理模型,该模型由以下要素组成:影响政治领袖形象的因素;管理政治领袖形象的有效方法、技术和工具;沟通方面使用选定的方法、技术和工具来优化公共资本。最后,就加强哈萨克斯坦共和国政治领导人在哈萨克斯坦人民群众意识中的形象的可能机制作出了结论。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the causal relationships between health, pollution, and growth: Evidence from OECD countries 探索健康、污染和增长之间的因果关系:来自经合组织国家的证据
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001002
Carla Massidda
This study examines the impact of particulate matter and income levels on three mortality indicators in a sample of OECD countries from 1990 to 2017. The em-pirical analysis is performed within a panel cointegration framework to test for cointegration and causal relationships. The findings support an equilibrium rela-tionship holding mortality rates with pollution and income in the long-run. Esti-mated coefficients and causality tests show that increasing pollution rises mortali-ty rates while increasing GDP per capita has the opposite effect. The main contri-bution of this study is to bring attention to the relationship between mortality rates, fine particulate matter and income for a panel of OECD countries combining coin-tegration analysis and causality tests.
本研究考察了1990年至2017年经合组织国家样本中颗粒物和收入水平对三项死亡率指标的影响。实证分析在面板协整框架内进行,以检验协整和因果关系。从长远来看,研究结果支持了死亡率与污染和收入之间的平衡关系。估计系数和因果检验表明,污染增加会提高死亡率,而人均国内生产总值增加则会产生相反的效果。本研究的主要贡献是提请注意死亡率、细颗粒物和收入之间的关系,为经合组织国家小组结合了硬币整合分析和因果关系检验。
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引用次数: 0
Financial planning as a tool for strengthening the company's financial stability and sustainable development 财务规划作为加强公司财务稳定和可持续发展的工具
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001011
Zhakupova Aizada, Yessengeldina Anar, Myrzhykbayeva Ainur, Daribekov Serik, Zhanseitov Azamat
This study provides a confine monetary arrangements equivalent to the acquisi-tion, venture, and organization of assets of an endeavor. It gives an examination of the budgetary soundness of Kazakh's companies. The economy of Kazakh has a stable approach to financial and rich resources that lead to arrangements for a stable venture construction in the nation in addition to the quick improvement of the nations and modern area. It also inspects common attributes and highlights Kazakhstan Corporation's accomplishments. It examines the establishment and execution of the financial management strategic technique of Kazakhstan enter-prises. Research examination strategies incorporate a complex of different investi-gations, measurable techniques, hypothetical and exact techniques, and investi-gate a range of studies. The consequence of the investigation gives the enterprises of Kazakhstan are serious in the local market and financial planning for oversee-ing companies resources for the continued existence into the market and making a decent revenue since revenue is a definitive execution of the ventures. The most critical factors of this study are significant financial stability by proper strategic planning, statistic model, and financial analysis. Consequently, the research hy-pothesis demonstrates the association between financial planning and financial stability.
本研究提供了一个有限的货币安排,相当于收购,风险投资和组织的资产的努力。它对哈萨克斯坦公司的预算健全性进行了检查。哈萨克经济有稳定的财政途径和丰富的资源,除了民族和现代化地区的快速发展外,还安排了稳定的国家风险建设。还考察了哈萨克斯坦公司的共同属性,突出了哈萨克斯坦公司的成就。考察了哈萨克斯坦企业财务管理战略技术的制定与实施。研究考试策略包括不同的调查、可测量的技术、假设和精确的技术,以及调查一系列的研究。调查的结果表明,哈萨克斯坦的企业在当地市场和财务规划方面是认真的,以监督公司资源,以便在市场上继续存在,并获得可观的收入,因为收入是企业的最终执行。通过适当的战略规划、统计模型和财务分析,显著的财务稳定性是本研究最关键的因素。因此,研究假设证明了财务规划与财务稳定之间的关联。
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引用次数: 0
The role of innovation in sustainable development and improving the competitiveness of business structures in Kazakhstan 创新在哈萨克斯坦可持续发展和提高商业结构竞争力方面的作用
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.3280/riss2023-001008
Mukhamedkhanova Ainur, Yelikbay Maksat
The article analyzes innovative services introduced into the production of business structures in Kazakhstan to increase sustainable development. When forecasting the prospects for the development of business structures, the changes that oc-curred under the influence of the external environment were analyzed, production and technological aspects were substantiated. In the agricultural sector, the pro-duction of new innovative products on the basis of an innovative technological integration association of business structures increases the volume, quality and ef-ficiency of their production. As a result of studying the theoretical and methodical foundations for the for-mation and development of innovative entrepreneurship, the concept of "innova-tive-cooperative entrepreneurship" and "innovative-integration entrepreneurship" structures was developed, in the long term, the creation of new innovative produc-tion business structures was proposed. It was established that Ordabasy Kus LLP, based on innovative entrepreneurship, is the first innovative enterprise in Kazakhstan to apply a new approach to inno-vative management based on the constant search for new opportunities. This business structure allowed to increase the competitiveness of products and enterprises by output of new products, expanding the range of products, improving product quality, identifying distribution channels, and reducing costs through the introduction of dozens of new production, process, product and marketing innova-tions at their enterprises.
本文分析了哈萨克斯坦在企业结构中引入创新服务以促进可持续发展。在预测业务结构发展前景时,分析了在外部环境影响下发生的变化,从生产和技术方面进行了实证。在农业部门,在商业结构的创新技术整合关联的基础上生产新的创新产品,增加了生产的数量、质量和效率。通过对创新创业形成和发展的理论基础和方法基础的研究,提出了“创新-合作创业”和“创新-整合创业”结构的概念,并从长远角度提出了创新生产经营新结构的创建。Ordabasy Kus LLP建立在创新创业的基础上,是哈萨克斯坦第一家在不断寻找新机会的基础上采用创新管理新方法的创新型企业。这种业务结构允许通过新产品的产出,扩大产品范围,提高产品质量,确定分销渠道,并通过在企业中引入数十种新的生产,工艺,产品和营销创新来降低成本,从而提高产品和企业的竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
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