Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100457
Micaela Medrano , Claudio Cordova , Belén Rodriguez , Nicolás Simonelli , Pablo Olivero , Analía Graciela Abraham
Kefiran, the exopolysaccharide found in the fermented milk named “kefir” has been receiving attention over the last years due to its interesting biological and functional properties. It is a non-digestible branched glucogalactan with a molecular weight higher than 1 106 Da. Kefiran was isolated from kefir grains and its biological activity was assessed on different cell lines. Proliferation (trypan blue exclusion assay), mitochondrial activity (MTT assay), viability (Alive-Vulnerable-Dead model, AVD) and cell death were studied. It was found that proliferation was not inhibited in mesodermal cell line MC3 (osteoblast cell line) or in not-invasive colonocytes (Caco-2/TC7 cell line); on the contrary, the high invasive HT29 cell line and the UMR106 osteosarcoma cell line were sensitive to kefiran 0.5 mg/mL, and a significant diminishment on cell proliferation was found by trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Kefiran maintained mitochondrial activity while increased cell death processes in a dose-dependent way in HT29 cell line. When viability was assessed by AVD model, it was found that kefiran increased vulnerability status of neoplasic cell line HT29. In summary, in the present work, we shown that kefiran has a different effect on tumor and non-tumor cell lines. Our results contribute to the understanding of kefiran effect on the empirical antitumoral effect attributed to kefir consumption.
{"title":"KEFIRAN in vitro biological activity on enterocytes and mesodermal origin cell lines: Focus on adenocarcinoma cells HT29","authors":"Micaela Medrano , Claudio Cordova , Belén Rodriguez , Nicolás Simonelli , Pablo Olivero , Analía Graciela Abraham","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kefiran, the exopolysaccharide found in the fermented milk named “kefir” has been receiving attention over the last years due to its interesting biological and functional properties. It is a non-digestible branched glucogalactan with a molecular weight higher than 1 10<sup>6</sup> Da. Kefiran was isolated from kefir grains and its biological activity was assessed on different cell lines. Proliferation (trypan blue exclusion assay), mitochondrial activity (MTT assay), viability (Alive-Vulnerable-Dead model, AVD) and cell death were studied. It was found that proliferation was not inhibited in mesodermal cell line MC3 (osteoblast cell line) or in not-invasive colonocytes (Caco-2/TC7 cell line); on the contrary, the high invasive HT29 cell line and the UMR106 osteosarcoma cell line were sensitive to kefiran 0.5 mg/mL, and a significant diminishment on cell proliferation was found by trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Kefiran maintained mitochondrial activity while increased cell death processes in a dose-dependent way in HT29 cell line. When viability was assessed by AVD model, it was found that kefiran increased vulnerability status of neoplasic cell line HT29. In summary, in the present work, we shown that kefiran has a different effect on tumor and non-tumor cell lines. Our results contribute to the understanding of kefiran effect on the empirical antitumoral effect attributed to kefir consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100460
Yu Luo , Jie Geng , Jie Feng , Liping Liu , Jingsong Zhang , Yanfang Liu , Qingbin Guo
β-D-glucan is a polysaccharide formed from glucose monomers linked by beta-glucoside bonds and can be found in grains (barley and oats), yeast and mushrooms. β-D-glucan has a variety of physiological activities, such as immune regulation, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic and regulating gut microbiota, etc. The bioactivity of β-glucan varies with different sources and structures. However, to the best of our knowledge, the structure-activity relationship of β-glucan has not been systematically studied. Based on the most up-to-date published papers, we summarized the source and structure of β-D-glucan, and introduced the various physiological activities of β-D-glucan. More importantly, we discussed the structure-activity relationship of β-D-glucan from various aspects, such as molecular weight, branched chains and structural modification, and summarized the application of β-D-glucan in health product, food and other industries. This review is helpful to systematically understand the structure-activity relationship of β-D-glucan, and further guides its application in food and pharmaceutical industries.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on the structure-activity relationships and applications of β-D-glucans","authors":"Yu Luo , Jie Geng , Jie Feng , Liping Liu , Jingsong Zhang , Yanfang Liu , Qingbin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-D-glucan is a polysaccharide formed from glucose monomers linked by beta-glucoside bonds and can be found in grains (barley and oats), yeast and mushrooms. β-D-glucan has a variety of physiological activities, such as immune regulation, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic and regulating gut microbiota, etc. The bioactivity of β-glucan varies with different sources and structures. However, to the best of our knowledge, the structure-activity relationship of β-glucan has not been systematically studied. Based on the most up-to-date published papers, we summarized the source and structure of β-D-glucan, and introduced the various physiological activities of β-D-glucan. More importantly, we discussed the structure-activity relationship of β-D-glucan from various aspects, such as molecular weight, branched chains and structural modification, and summarized the application of β-D-glucan in health product, food and other industries. This review is helpful to systematically understand the structure-activity relationship of β-D-glucan, and further guides its application in food and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100459
Jayro dos Santos Ferreira , Rafael da Silva Prudêncio , Antonio Kleiton de Sousa , Stefany Guimarães Sousa , Fernando Mesquita de Sousa de Lima , André dos Santos Carvalho , Ana Clara Coelho da Costa , Denise Mayara Melo Silva , Maria da Graça Sales Furtado , Danyela Maria Leal Rocha , Vanderlene Oliveira Rodrigues , Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos , Roosevelt D.S. Bezerra , Flaviane de França Dourado , Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre , Durcilene Alves da Silva , Elias Borges do Nascimento Junior , Diva de Aguiar Magalhães , André Luiz dos Reis Barbosa
Sulfated polysaccharides (PLSs) from marine algae represent a broad class of compounds with pharmacological interest, due to their therapeutic properties. PLSs have hydrophilic chains containing various chemical groups of several compositions that differ structurally and in their physicochemical and biological effects. However, this hydrophilic nature of PLSs is also responsible for some limitations in the use of these compounds. To overcome these disadvantages, PLSs can be chemically modified by grafting groups that can give the compound a more hydrophobic nature. In the present study, the PLS from Gracilaria domingensis was modified with propionic anhydride (PLS-AP) and underwent complementary characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectral analysis and elemental analysis. The reaction with propionic anhydride increased crystallinity and produced a chemically modified polysaccharide with new carbon, hydrogen and sulfur groups. The new characteristic of the compound may have added interesting properties to PLS, such as increased stability, amphiphilic nature and increased sulfate content, which in red marine algae SPSs produce biological activity. Regarding biological properties, PLS-AP (2.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan, histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and prostaglandin E2, as well as improved microscopic tissue damage criteria. The modified compound was also able to significantly decrease neutrophil migration, myeloperoxidase, and malondialdehyde concentrations and preserved glutathione levels in peritoneal fluid during induced peritonitis. Additionally, in antinociceptive tests, PLS-AP reduced the number of contortions induced by acetic acid and the response time to formalin-induced paw licking. Thus, PLS-AP may be a promising substance to treat inflammatory conditions.
{"title":"Sulfated polysaccharide extracted from the alga Gracilaria domingensis modified with propionic anhydride negatively modulates acute inflammation and experimental hypernociception","authors":"Jayro dos Santos Ferreira , Rafael da Silva Prudêncio , Antonio Kleiton de Sousa , Stefany Guimarães Sousa , Fernando Mesquita de Sousa de Lima , André dos Santos Carvalho , Ana Clara Coelho da Costa , Denise Mayara Melo Silva , Maria da Graça Sales Furtado , Danyela Maria Leal Rocha , Vanderlene Oliveira Rodrigues , Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos , Roosevelt D.S. Bezerra , Flaviane de França Dourado , Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre , Durcilene Alves da Silva , Elias Borges do Nascimento Junior , Diva de Aguiar Magalhães , André Luiz dos Reis Barbosa","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfated polysaccharides (PLSs) from marine algae represent a broad class of compounds with pharmacological interest, due to their therapeutic properties. PLSs have hydrophilic chains containing various chemical groups of several compositions that differ structurally and in their physicochemical and biological effects. However, this hydrophilic nature of PLSs is also responsible for some limitations in the use of these compounds. To overcome these disadvantages, PLSs can be chemically modified by grafting groups that can give the compound a more hydrophobic nature. In the present study, the PLS from <em>Gracilaria domingensis</em> was modified with propionic anhydride (PLS-AP) and underwent complementary characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectral analysis and elemental analysis. The reaction with propionic anhydride increased crystallinity and produced a chemically modified polysaccharide with new carbon, hydrogen and sulfur groups. The new characteristic of the compound may have added interesting properties to PLS, such as increased stability, amphiphilic nature and increased sulfate content, which in red marine algae SPSs produce biological activity. Regarding biological properties, PLS-AP (2.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan, histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and prostaglandin E2, as well as improved microscopic tissue damage criteria. The modified compound was also able to significantly decrease neutrophil migration, myeloperoxidase, and malondialdehyde concentrations and preserved glutathione levels in peritoneal fluid during induced peritonitis. Additionally, in antinociceptive tests, PLS-AP reduced the number of contortions induced by acetic acid and the response time to formalin-induced paw licking. Thus, PLS-AP may be a promising substance to treat inflammatory conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100461
Meng Liu , Xuan Liu , Xiyu Jiang , Jiaxin Chen , Jinfeng Bi
Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have emerged as a viable method for encapsulating β-carotene. To achieve stable emulsion systems, the development of latent emulsifiers is essential. This study collected three peach cultivars (Mixture cultivar (MC), Zhonghpan 11# (ZP11), and Yingqing (YQG)) to extract peach gum polysaccharides (PGP) for the encapsulation of β-carotene without the need for additional emulsifiers. The research aimed to investigate the emulsions' physicochemical stability (including particle size, zeta potential, turbidity, color, and retention rate of β-carotene (RR)) during storage. The findings revealed that the ZP11 emulsion exhibited the highest emulsion efficiency (EE) at 89.08% and displayed a more vibrant color. After 35 days of storage, YQG emulsion exhibited better emulsion stability with the highest zeta-potential (>35 mV, negative), RR of β-carotene (43.44%), and longest half-life period (t1/2, 32.31d) among three cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity coefficient (Mw/Mn), and arabinose (Ara) of PGP would have an influence on its emulsifying capacity and stability of β-carotene emulsion. The information was significant for PGP of great potential as an emulsifier and stabilizer to provide possibility regarding designing a proper delivery system.
{"title":"Exploring the potential of peach gum polysaccharides in β-carotene emulsions encapsulation during storage","authors":"Meng Liu , Xuan Liu , Xiyu Jiang , Jiaxin Chen , Jinfeng Bi","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have emerged as a viable method for encapsulating β-carotene. To achieve stable emulsion systems, the development of latent emulsifiers is essential. This study collected three peach cultivars (Mixture cultivar (MC), Zhonghpan 11# (ZP11), and Yingqing (YQG)) to extract peach gum polysaccharides (PGP) for the encapsulation of β-carotene without the need for additional emulsifiers. The research aimed to investigate the emulsions' physicochemical stability (including particle size, zeta potential, turbidity, color, and retention rate of β-carotene (RR)) during storage. The findings revealed that the ZP11 emulsion exhibited the highest emulsion efficiency (EE) at 89.08% and displayed a more vibrant color. After 35 days of storage, YQG emulsion exhibited better emulsion stability with the highest zeta-potential (>35 mV, negative), RR of β-carotene (43.44%), and longest half-life period (<em>t</em><sub><em>1/2</em></sub>, 32.31d) among three cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity coefficient (Mw/Mn), and arabinose (Ara) of PGP would have an influence on its emulsifying capacity and stability of β-carotene emulsion. The information was significant for PGP of great potential as an emulsifier and stabilizer to provide possibility regarding designing a proper delivery system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100456
Felipe Barros Teles , Alexia Nathália Brígido Assef , Renato Martins Andrade , Vitória Virgínia Magalhães Soares , Nylane Maria Nunes de Alencar , Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves , Tamiris de Fátima Goebel de Souza , Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior , Marjory Lima Holanda Araújo , Norma Maria Barros Benevides , Diego Veras Wilke
Marine seaweeds are a rich source of sulfated polysaccharides with several biological effects, including antitumor. Some polysaccharides activate macrophages (Mfs) to an antitumor phenotype. In this study, we evaluate whether sulfated galactans (SGs), isolated from red seaweeds Gracilaria cornea (SG-Gc) and Solieria filiformis (SG-Sf), could activate a murine Mfs (RAW 264.7) to an antitumor phenotype. Additionally, we assessed their potential antitumor effects. Both SGs induced nitric oxide release by Mfs. SG-Sf inhibited a murine metastatic melanoma cell line (B16-F10) proliferation compared with the negative control, but SG-Gc did not inhibit B16-F10 proliferation. Notably, a conditioned medium from RAW 264.7 incubated with SG-Gc and SG-Sf inhibited B16-F10 proliferation. Since there was no direct cytotoxicity against B16-F10, we selected SG-Gc for further assays. S SG-Gc induced TNF-α release and increase of the M1 markers iNOS, MHCII, and CD86. Furthermore, 25 mg/kg SG-Gc administered intraperitoneally in B16-F10 melanoma-bearing mice inhibited tumor growth by 60% compared to negative control. In addition, SG-Gc promoted the immunostimulant effect observed on the spleen. No toxic effects were observed in mice treated with SG-Gc. In summary, we identified SG-Gc as an immunomodulatory and antitumor agent.
{"title":"Non-cytotoxic sulfated agaran from red seaweed Gracilaria cornea induces antitumor phenotype on macrophages in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo","authors":"Felipe Barros Teles , Alexia Nathália Brígido Assef , Renato Martins Andrade , Vitória Virgínia Magalhães Soares , Nylane Maria Nunes de Alencar , Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves , Tamiris de Fátima Goebel de Souza , Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior , Marjory Lima Holanda Araújo , Norma Maria Barros Benevides , Diego Veras Wilke","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine seaweeds are a rich source of sulfated polysaccharides with several biological effects, including antitumor. Some polysaccharides activate macrophages (Mfs) to an antitumor phenotype. In this study, we evaluate whether sulfated galactans (SGs), isolated from red seaweeds <em>Gracilaria cornea</em> (SG-Gc) and <em>Solieria filiformis</em> (SG-Sf), could activate a murine Mfs (RAW 264.7) to an antitumor phenotype. Additionally, we assessed their potential antitumor effects. Both SGs induced nitric oxide release by Mfs. SG-Sf inhibited a murine metastatic melanoma cell line (B16-F10) proliferation compared with the negative control, but SG-Gc did not inhibit B16-F10 proliferation. Notably, a conditioned medium from RAW 264.7 incubated with SG-Gc and SG-Sf inhibited B16-F10 proliferation. Since there was no direct cytotoxicity against B16-F10, we selected SG-Gc for further assays. S SG-Gc induced TNF-α release and increase of the M1 markers iNOS, MHCII, and CD86. Furthermore, 25 mg/kg SG-Gc administered intraperitoneally in B16-F10 melanoma-bearing mice inhibited tumor growth by 60% compared to negative control. In addition, SG-Gc promoted the immunostimulant effect observed on the spleen. No toxic effects were observed in mice treated with SG-Gc. In summary, we identified SG-Gc as an immunomodulatory and antitumor agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100458
Huaitian Cui , Lianzhong Ai , Zhiqiang Xiong , Fan Xie , Zibo Song , Hui Zhang
The acid resistance of polysaccharide hydrocolloids is very important for its application in food industry. In this study, the acid resistance of tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), xanthan gum (XG), and locust bean gum (LBG) at different pH was investigated. Results showed that the shear viscosity of TSP and LBG was significantly decreased at pH 1. Structural analyses showed that molecular degradation on the side chain of TSP and LBG occurred at pH 1, whereas the composition of the monosaccharides of XG showed no significant difference. Molecular degradation led to a decrease in the molecular weight of TSP and LBG with the gradual decrease of pH, accompanied by a shift in solution conformation, i.e., from semi-flexible chain to rigid rod for TSP and LBG, whereas XG did not undergo significant structural changes with the gradual decrease of pH. In addition, the SEM results showed that with the gradual decrease of molecular weight, the structures of TSP and LBG were gradually broken and showed fragmentation, while XG only showed slight cracks. These results show that the structure of the polysaccharides changes with the gradual decrease of pH, resulting in a change in the solution conformation and a decrease in viscosity. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the application of these polysaccharide hydrocolloids in food processing.
{"title":"Acid resistance of different polysaccharide hydrocolloids: pH effects","authors":"Huaitian Cui , Lianzhong Ai , Zhiqiang Xiong , Fan Xie , Zibo Song , Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The acid resistance of polysaccharide hydrocolloids is very important for its application in food industry. In this study, the acid resistance of tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), xanthan gum (XG), and locust bean gum (LBG) at different pH was investigated. Results showed that the shear viscosity of TSP and LBG was significantly decreased at pH 1. Structural analyses showed that molecular degradation on the side chain of TSP and LBG occurred at pH 1, whereas the composition of the monosaccharides of XG showed no significant difference. Molecular degradation led to a decrease in the molecular weight of TSP and LBG with the gradual decrease of pH, accompanied by a shift in solution conformation, i.e., from semi-flexible chain to rigid rod for TSP and LBG, whereas XG did not undergo significant structural changes with the gradual decrease of pH. In addition, the SEM results showed that with the gradual decrease of molecular weight, the structures of TSP and LBG were gradually broken and showed fragmentation, while XG only showed slight cracks. These results show that the structure of the polysaccharides changes with the gradual decrease of pH, resulting in a change in the solution conformation and a decrease in viscosity. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the application of these polysaccharide hydrocolloids in food processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100455
Subhransu Sekhar Behera , Suchismita Nivedita , Himadri Tanaya Behera , Abhik Mojumdar , Badri Narayana Sahoo , Lopamudra Ray
In this investigation, chitosan was successfully obtained from shrimp shell chitin through microbial degradation by Streptomyces griseoincarnatus RB7AG. The resulting chitosan showcased remarkable characteristics, including high solubility, a high degree of deacetylation, a well-defined crystalline structure, and a rough surface with minimal pores. The application of chitosan as a coating material for tomatoes demonstrated significant preservation benefits compared to commercially available chitosan. The chitosan coating proved effective in minimizing weight loss, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and preserving essential compounds such as anthocyanin content and antioxidant enzymes in tomatoes. Firstly, the chitosan coating served as a physical barrier, preventing moisture loss and maintaining the tomatoes' structural integrity. Secondly, the antimicrobial properties of chitosan hindered the growth of spoilage-causing microorganisms, extending the shelf life of the tomatoes. Additionally, the chitosan coating exhibited antioxidant properties, scavenging ROS and preserving the natural antioxidants in tomatoes. Furthermore, the chitosan coating facilitated controlled gas exchange, allowing optimal levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide to maintain the freshness of the tomatoes without accelerating the ripening process. With the help of the above-mentioned mechanisms, the potential of the microbially synthesized chitosan to enhance the shelf life of the tomatoes can be explained which was found better than the commercially synthesized chitosan coating. This research underscores the potential of microbially synthesized chitosan as an effective coating material but also provides insights into the intricate mechanisms involved in preserving tomatoes. The findings pave the way for innovative applications of chitosan-based coatings in the food industry, ensuring prolonged freshness and nutritional quality of perishable fruits and vegetables.
{"title":"Bio synthesis of chitosan from shrimp shell chitin using Streptomyces griseoincarnatus RB7AG:Characterization and application as coating material to enhance shelf life of tomatoes (var. Ruby pusa) in post-harvest storgae condition","authors":"Subhransu Sekhar Behera , Suchismita Nivedita , Himadri Tanaya Behera , Abhik Mojumdar , Badri Narayana Sahoo , Lopamudra Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, chitosan was successfully obtained from shrimp shell chitin through microbial degradation by <em>Streptomyces griseoincarnatus</em> RB7AG. The resulting chitosan showcased remarkable characteristics, including high solubility, a high degree of deacetylation, a well-defined crystalline structure, and a rough surface with minimal pores. The application of chitosan as a coating material for tomatoes demonstrated significant preservation benefits compared to commercially available chitosan. The chitosan coating proved effective in minimizing weight loss, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and preserving essential compounds such as anthocyanin content and antioxidant enzymes in tomatoes. Firstly, the chitosan coating served as a physical barrier, preventing moisture loss and maintaining the tomatoes' structural integrity. Secondly, the antimicrobial properties of chitosan hindered the growth of spoilage-causing microorganisms, extending the shelf life of the tomatoes. Additionally, the chitosan coating exhibited antioxidant properties, scavenging ROS and preserving the natural antioxidants in tomatoes. Furthermore, the chitosan coating facilitated controlled gas exchange, allowing optimal levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide to maintain the freshness of the tomatoes without accelerating the ripening process. With the help of the above-mentioned mechanisms, the potential of the microbially synthesized chitosan to enhance the shelf life of the tomatoes can be explained which was found better than the commercially synthesized chitosan coating. This research underscores the potential of microbially synthesized chitosan as an effective coating material but also provides insights into the intricate mechanisms involved in preserving tomatoes. The findings pave the way for innovative applications of chitosan-based coatings in the food industry, ensuring prolonged freshness and nutritional quality of perishable fruits and vegetables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100454
Ana M. Magallanes López , Osvaldo H. Campanella , Senay Simsek
Dry beans are a rich source of proteins, starch, dietary fiber, and phenolic compounds, thus exhibiting potential health benefits. Fractionating dry beans, especially soluble dietary fiber (SDF), could be considered a valuable functional food ingredient. This study investigated the effects of pinto and black dry bean market classes and atmospheric pressure cooking on the physicochemical attributes of dry bean flours and the extraction and characterization of SDF-rich fractions. Cooking significantly (p < 0.05) increased the dietary fiber content, altering the macronutrient profile. Raw flours exhibited higher levels of extractable phenols and antioxidant capacity, while cooked flours had more hydrolyzable phenols and associated antioxidant activities. Pinto beans were found to have higher levels of slowly digestible starch (23.76%) and resistant starch (5.24%) compared to black beans (20.63% and 3.22%, respectively). The SDF-rich fraction from cooked flours showed a reduced residual protein content and included pectic polysaccharides, hemicelluloses, and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), with cooking affecting their molecular weight distribution. These fractions demonstrated shear-thinning behavior and temperature-dependent viscosity. The study highlights the significant influence of market class and cooking process on the nutritional and antioxidant properties of dry beans, suggesting their potential contributions to dietary health.
{"title":"Effects of cooking and market classes on nutritional and antioxidant properties of dry bean flours and soluble dietary fiber-rich fractions","authors":"Ana M. Magallanes López , Osvaldo H. Campanella , Senay Simsek","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry beans are a rich source of proteins, starch, dietary fiber, and phenolic compounds, thus exhibiting potential health benefits. Fractionating dry beans, especially soluble dietary fiber (SDF), could be considered a valuable functional food ingredient. This study investigated the effects of pinto and black dry bean market classes and atmospheric pressure cooking on the physicochemical attributes of dry bean flours and the extraction and characterization of SDF-rich fractions. Cooking significantly (p < 0.05) increased the dietary fiber content, altering the macronutrient profile. Raw flours exhibited higher levels of extractable phenols and antioxidant capacity, while cooked flours had more hydrolyzable phenols and associated antioxidant activities. Pinto beans were found to have higher levels of slowly digestible starch (23.76%) and resistant starch (5.24%) compared to black beans (20.63% and 3.22%, respectively). The SDF-rich fraction from cooked flours showed a reduced residual protein content and included pectic polysaccharides, hemicelluloses, and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), with cooking affecting their molecular weight distribution. These fractions demonstrated shear-thinning behavior and temperature-dependent viscosity. The study highlights the significant influence of market class and cooking process on the nutritional and antioxidant properties of dry beans, suggesting their potential contributions to dietary health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100452
Tapasya Kumari , Arup Jyoti Das , Amit Baran Das , Chagam Koteswara Reddy , Sankar Chandra Deka
The study examined the prebiotic index of enzymatically modified insoluble dietary fiber from pea peel by using three probiotic bacterias; Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469, Lactobacillus sakei ATCC 15521, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and one pathogenic bacteria; Escherichia coli ATCC 4157. A positive value for prebiotic potential was determined which was greater than inulin, unmodified dietary fiber, and standard glucose. The 30 h of cultivation, the cell density obtained from Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 culture conducted in MRS was 7.45 ± 0.08 log CFU/mL in glucose medium and 7.37 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL in dietary fiber medium. Growth kinetics analysis showed a positive effect for Lactobacillus spp. in DF medium. DF could boost cell biomass and relative growth rate of probiotic bacteria. Thus, the microbiome of the colon facilitates dietary fiber fermentation by bacteria shown in in vitro simulated gastrointestinal model.
{"title":"Prebiotic activity of enzymatically modified pea peel dietary fiber: An in vitro study","authors":"Tapasya Kumari , Arup Jyoti Das , Amit Baran Das , Chagam Koteswara Reddy , Sankar Chandra Deka","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study examined the prebiotic index of enzymatically modified insoluble dietary fiber from pea peel by using three probiotic bacterias; <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> ATCC 7469, <em>Lactobacillus sakei</em> ATCC 15521, <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> ATCC 8014 and one pathogenic bacteria; <em>Escherichia coli</em> ATCC 4157. A positive value for prebiotic potential was determined which was greater than inulin, unmodified dietary fiber, and standard glucose. The 30 h of cultivation, the cell density obtained from <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> ATCC 7469 culture conducted in MRS was 7.45 ± 0.08 log CFU/mL in glucose medium and 7.37 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL in dietary fiber medium. Growth kinetics analysis showed a positive effect for <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. in DF medium. DF could boost cell biomass and relative growth rate of probiotic bacteria. Thus, the microbiome of the colon facilitates dietary fiber fermentation by bacteria shown in <em>in vitro</em> simulated gastrointestinal model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100450
Piu Das , Arnab De , Arpita Das , Amalesh Samanta
Our present study aims to evaluate the biological activities of the six hybrid mushrooms (APS) obtained through the protoplast fusion technique between two mushrooms Calocybe indica and Pleurotus sajor-caju, in our previous study. Antioxidant activity of hybridized mushroom samples was determined by the free radical scavenging method, using DPPH radical, Superoxide radical, and Hydroxyl radical. Additionally, all the mushroom extract has shown a good amount of total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content and also has potent Ferric reducing antioxidant power. The Total phenolic content, Total flavonoid content, and Ferric reducing antioxidant power were estimated. Six constituents: gallic acid, catechin, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid were identified by UHPLC. The MIC values, zone of inhibition, growth kinetic, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to establish the antimicrobial efficacy. The tested samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A clear morphological change was observed under SEM when Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated with APS-4 and APS-3 mushroom extracts. The ability to inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase and α-galactosidase has also been studied to explore antidiabetic properties. The inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase was APS-4 reflected a very prominent result with the lowest IC50 value i.e.,118.058 ± 1.515, APS-2 and APS-6 showed almost similar IC50 values. α – galactosidase inhibitory activity of APS-4 and APS-6 exhibit better results than other strains.
{"title":"Assessment of antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties of hybrid mushroom strains derived through intergeneric hybridization between Pleurotus sajor-caju and Calocybe indica","authors":"Piu Das , Arnab De , Arpita Das , Amalesh Samanta","doi":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcdf.2024.100450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our present study aims to evaluate the biological activities of the six hybrid mushrooms (APS) obtained through the protoplast fusion technique between two mushrooms <em>Calocybe indica and Pleurotus sajor-caju</em>, in our previous study. Antioxidant activity of hybridized mushroom samples was determined by the free radical scavenging method, using DPPH radical, Superoxide radical, and Hydroxyl radical. Additionally, all the mushroom extract has shown a good amount of total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content and also has potent Ferric reducing antioxidant power. The Total phenolic content, Total flavonoid content, and Ferric reducing antioxidant power were estimated. Six constituents: gallic acid, catechin, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid were identified by UHPLC. The MIC values, zone of inhibition, growth kinetic, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to establish the antimicrobial efficacy. The tested samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. A clear morphological change was observed under SEM when <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> were treated with APS-4 and APS-3 mushroom extracts. The ability to inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase and α-galactosidase has also been studied to explore antidiabetic properties. The inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase was APS-4 reflected a very prominent result with the lowest IC<sub>50</sub> value i.e.,118.058 ± 1.515, APS-2 and APS-6 showed almost similar IC<sub>50</sub> values. α – galactosidase inhibitory activity of APS-4 and APS-6 exhibit better results than other strains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38299,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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