Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales最新文献

Objective: Safety positive performance indicators (PPI) reflect key aspects of safety culture; some of them also have predictive validity for occupational injuries. This is the case of the Organizational Performance Metric (OPM), developed by the Canadian Institute for Work & Health (IWH), a short, widely validated international English language questionnaire. The objective of this study was to obtain a transculturally adapted Spanish language version ofthe OPM, and to analyze its statistical reliability, validity and internal consistency.

Method: After a translation and back translation process was performed by an expert panel, 478 questionnaires were completed in Navarra, Spain. We calculated the Cronbach alpha coefficient, bivariate correlations and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and performed exploratory factorial analysis of all eight items.

Results: Data show the new tool has high reliability (Cronbach alpha==0.863) and internal validity (ICC=0.842). The factorial analysis confirmed a single latent factor among the eight items of the questionnaire.

Conclusions: the adapted questionnaire (OPM-Esp) constitutes a valid instrument for use as an indicator of safety performance in Spanish companies. Its brevity and simplicity make it especially useful in the work environment. Its ability to predict occupational injuries should be tested in the Spanish context.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of immunity against Hepatitis B virus among all healthcare workers linked to the Departments of Public Health in Torrevieja and Elx-Crevillent,two municipalities in the Valencian Community, Spain.

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of healthcare workers in two different public health departments. Once the sample was obtained, the anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBsAb) levels were abstracted based on serological test results recorded in the workers' medical records. Titers of anti-HBsAB ≥10mlU / ml were considered as evience of immunity. The variables analyzed were classified by department, gender, age (18-34; 35-49;≥50 years); professional category (physicians / nursing / other health personnel / nonhealth personnel); service at risk of contagion (Yes / No); immunity (≥10mlU/ml, 〈10mlU/ml,missing) and systematic anti-HBs vaccination by date of birth (Yes / No).

Results: The study population consisted of 2674 workers. The highest proportions of workers were female(68.8%), between 35 and 49 years of age (52.8%), and employed in nursing,(32.2%). Overall, 74.9% of employees had evidence of hepatitis B immunity, 11.3% had no inmunity, and 13.8% was missing information on serology. Among those employees with serological information (n=2306), lack of immunity was highest among males (17.8%).Protective titers were inversely proportional to age, with the lowest titers being found in the oldest age groups. Non-healthcare personnel and physicians also had lower levels of protection (36.9% and 11.1%, respectively).

Conclusions: Despite identifying high levels of immunity among healthcare workers, the percentages of non-immunized employees and those lacking immunological information underscores the need to implement new communication strategies aimed at these at-risk groups.

Introduction: Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have improved the prognosis for these patients. Consequently, a greater number of survivors are facing the process of returning to work. The objective of the present study was to analyze the frequency, median time and factors related to the return to work of patients with breast cancer, after diagnosis and completion of treatment at a cancer referral center in the city of Medellín, Colombia METHODS: a retrospective cohort study was carried out with registries of patients with breast cancer (n = 141) from a reference cancer center. Sociodemographic, occupational, treatment variables and prevalence of return to work were measured.

Results: The average age at diagnosis was 45.8 ± 9 years, Most of the women were premenopausal,and 45% performed manual labour. Advanced disease stage, manual labour, the presence of lymphedema and a greater number of episodes and days of disability werenegatively related to return to work. A total of 93% of patients returned to work.

Conclusions: This study shows that return to work differs according to disease stage, treatment-related factors and type of work.

Background: In April 2018, an unusually high number of eye, throat and nose irritative symptoms, nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms and dizziness were identified in workers in the microbiology (LAM) and clinical analysis (LCA) laboratories of a tertiary public hospital in Mallorca; these symptoms were also associated with perception of unusual odors.

Objective: To confirm the presence of an outbreak, identify its causes, and contribute to itsprevention and control.

Methods: Epidemiological study of the outbreak involving qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative component was based on conducting focus groups The quantitative study allowed us to develop epidemic curves, based on employee visits to the hospital'soccupational health service (OHS) due to either symptoms or episodes of sickness absence (SA). Lastly, available industrial hygiene reports were reviewed to examine possible relationships with the distribution of cases.

Results: Two operational case definitions were established through the focus groups, along with identification of possible explanations for the outbreak based on employee perception.The quantitative study confirmed the outbreak in the LAM, but not in the LCA. The SA episodes in the LAM between weeks 16 and 39 exceeded the number of expected cases fourfold. We also detected an excess of visits to the OHS during the same time period.

Conclusions: The quantitative study confirmed an epidemic outbreak that has since ended, although the qualitative study indicated the persistence of bad smell and discomfort. The improvement of epidemiological surveillance systems as a result of the study will facilitate the monitoring and control of future possible outbreaks.

Navarra has the first and most exhaustive Record of workers exposed to asbestos in Spain. Since 1996, referred by the Prevention Services and transferred to the Servicio Navarro de Salud_Osasunbidea for related pulmonary pathology surveillance upon retirement. There are currently 2,858 workers, 395 women and 2,463 men. Almost no longer occupy positions of risk. For years it has helped to recognize the professional contingency of damages. Paradoxically, in this case, a worker who died of lung cancer with previous interstitial pathology, a negative result of an autopsy, 425ferruginous bodies/gr dry lung tissue was used to deny the professional origin. It is necessary to consider that a positive result confirms past exposure but the negative one should not be evaluated when it was chrysotile, given the low temporal persistence intissues. A reliable work history and, when they exist, the Records must be the main causal argument.

Objective: To evaluate differences between the detection of incidents or adverse events (I/AE) using a Trigger Tool (TT) and voluntary notification platform (SNEA).

Methods: The study population is the working population attended on an outpatient basis in an Insurance Company ("mutua") from January to September 2016. The cases declared as Incident or Adverse Event (I / AE) were selected through the SNEA (21 cases), according to whether the event has not affected the patient or on the contrary has affected him. On the other hand, 20 clinical histories per month were randomly selected where the TT was applied(180 cases). The 201 clinical histories were reviewed looking for the existence of triggers. The agreement between the SNEA system and the TT was evaluated using proportion of positive agreement (I/EA), proportion of negative agreement (not I/EA) and Kappa index.

Results: TT detected I/EA cases in 41.3% of the revisions while the SNEA was 10.3% (p<0.001). The Kappa index showed a low concordance value (Kappa = 0.12), which indicates the small coincidence of I/EA detected by both systems. The proportion of negative agreement was greater than that of positive agreement (74.5% versus 26.9%). The SNEA system detected less I/ EA and above all it deals with fewer incidents. On the contrary, the TT system detected a greater number of I EA and especially EA.

Conclusions: Trigger Tool is a recommended tool for the detection of incidents or adverse events that can complement the one obtained through voluntary notification platform in the reality of a "mutua".