Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619180
H. Mori, H. Ooki, T. Noguchi, S. Yamada, N. Sato, T. Horie, Y. Fujihira
Sony has been developing to apply biomass plastic called "vegetable-based plastic" to casings of electronic products. The paper describes why attention is paid to biomass plastics, what kind of properties were improved, what products were commercialized, remaining technical problems and our final target
{"title":"Sony's Activity for Vegetable-based Plastic","authors":"H. Mori, H. Ooki, T. Noguchi, S. Yamada, N. Sato, T. Horie, Y. Fujihira","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619180","url":null,"abstract":"Sony has been developing to apply biomass plastic called \"vegetable-based plastic\" to casings of electronic products. The paper describes why attention is paid to biomass plastics, what kind of properties were improved, what products were commercialized, remaining technical problems and our final target","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116038507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619297
K. Serizawa, K. Yoshimi, M. Okamoto, T. Narita, J. Tanaka
Recently, in accordance with environmental demands, Pb-free solders are being widely used. Our research was done to further promote the use of Pb-free solders. And it is tried to improve the thermal fatigue life by adding a small amount of Al to conventional Sn-Ag Pb-free solders. Ceramic ball grid arrays (C-BGAs), whose uses will increase in the future, were selected as the most crucial issue in thermal fatigue. Moreover, Sn-Ag solder as the mother solder alloy is used, to which we added a 0.1 and 0.05% wt. of Al. There were two kinds of fatigue fracture. In the first, the crack propagates inside the solder bump, and in the second, the crack propagates near the jointed solder and substrate interface. The fatigue life showed considerable improvement for the first mode, but no improvement for the second
{"title":"Thermal Fatigue Life of Sn-2Ag Solder Bump with Small Al Addition","authors":"K. Serizawa, K. Yoshimi, M. Okamoto, T. Narita, J. Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619297","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, in accordance with environmental demands, Pb-free solders are being widely used. Our research was done to further promote the use of Pb-free solders. And it is tried to improve the thermal fatigue life by adding a small amount of Al to conventional Sn-Ag Pb-free solders. Ceramic ball grid arrays (C-BGAs), whose uses will increase in the future, were selected as the most crucial issue in thermal fatigue. Moreover, Sn-Ag solder as the mother solder alloy is used, to which we added a 0.1 and 0.05% wt. of Al. There were two kinds of fatigue fracture. In the first, the crack propagates inside the solder bump, and in the second, the crack propagates near the jointed solder and substrate interface. The fatigue life showed considerable improvement for the first mode, but no improvement for the second","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124878732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619356
M. Fujino, T. Suga, H. Hamano
There are many measuring methods of the environment impacts. Toxic Potential Indicator is one of the simple methods to evaluate them. This method is calculated from the hazardous potential of contained materials in the productions, and they depended on law or the regulations. In this paper, we customized TPI as Japanese regulations, then compared the TPI values of metals contained in conventional solders and lead-free solders between original one and customized one. As a result, it has been confirmed that TPI method was also available in other regulations with appropriate customization
{"title":"Customization of The Toxic Potential Indicator for Japanese Regulation","authors":"M. Fujino, T. Suga, H. Hamano","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619356","url":null,"abstract":"There are many measuring methods of the environment impacts. Toxic Potential Indicator is one of the simple methods to evaluate them. This method is calculated from the hazardous potential of contained materials in the productions, and they depended on law or the regulations. In this paper, we customized TPI as Japanese regulations, then compared the TPI values of metals contained in conventional solders and lead-free solders between original one and customized one. As a result, it has been confirmed that TPI method was also available in other regulations with appropriate customization","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129676000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619153
R. Yamamoto
{"title":"Importance of EcoDesign in Asia (tentative)","authors":"R. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117105984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619369
M. Inaba, K. Murata, M. Saito, I. Takahara
Bio-ethanol conversion to hydrocarbons over zeolite catalysts was investigated. Among the zeolites with no metal loaded, H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al2=29) zeolite had especially high activity for the formation of BTX compounds (benzene, toluene, xylenes), while other zeolites exclusively formed ethylene. The addition of Ga and Pd on H-ZSM-5 support resulted in the increased formation of BTX. The addition of Fe and Ni as well as Cr and some noble metals raised the formation of C3+olefins in some degree. Carbon deposition on catalyst occurred during the reaction. In general, the catalysts yielding BTX in high selectivity deposit large amount of carbon, except for the cases of zeolites other than H-ZSM-5. Among the metal catalysts supported on H-ZSM-5 zeolite, Cr, Fe and Au catalysts can inhibit carbon deposition in some degrees and the catalytic activity for the formation of BTX was kept constant.
{"title":"Production of Chemical Compound from Bio-Ethanol by Zeolite Catalysts","authors":"M. Inaba, K. Murata, M. Saito, I. Takahara","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619369","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-ethanol conversion to hydrocarbons over zeolite catalysts was investigated. Among the zeolites with no metal loaded, H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al2=29) zeolite had especially high activity for the formation of BTX compounds (benzene, toluene, xylenes), while other zeolites exclusively formed ethylene. The addition of Ga and Pd on H-ZSM-5 support resulted in the increased formation of BTX. The addition of Fe and Ni as well as Cr and some noble metals raised the formation of C3+olefins in some degree. Carbon deposition on catalyst occurred during the reaction. In general, the catalysts yielding BTX in high selectivity deposit large amount of carbon, except for the cases of zeolites other than H-ZSM-5. Among the metal catalysts supported on H-ZSM-5 zeolite, Cr, Fe and Au catalysts can inhibit carbon deposition in some degrees and the catalytic activity for the formation of BTX was kept constant.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121167398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619186
Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Sumida, Y. Fukushima, H. Kosaka
The article discusses the established "Closed Material Recycling (CMR)" technology to reuse collected plastics from waste appliances for new appliances, which enables to use plastics as raw material repeatedly. It consists of three major technologies as follows: 1) disassembling technology, 2) property improvement technology of recycled plastic, and 3) quality control technology. And 420 tons of reuse of CMR plastics from wasted appliances is achieved during 2004 fiscal year using this technology
{"title":"Closed Material Recycling for Plastics from Wasted Appliances","authors":"Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Sumida, Y. Fukushima, H. Kosaka","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619186","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the established \"Closed Material Recycling (CMR)\" technology to reuse collected plastics from waste appliances for new appliances, which enables to use plastics as raw material repeatedly. It consists of three major technologies as follows: 1) disassembling technology, 2) property improvement technology of recycled plastic, and 3) quality control technology. And 420 tons of reuse of CMR plastics from wasted appliances is achieved during 2004 fiscal year using this technology","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116085337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619347
T. Takahashi, K. Ueno, K. Ishii
The compatibility of dematerialization with economic growth is indispensable for the realization of a sustainable society, which involves the problem of how to improve eco-efficiency. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has proposed an independent calculating method based on MET (M: Material = Effective utilization of resources; E: Energy = Effective use of energy; T = Toxicity = Prevention of emission of environmentally risky substances) currently being promoted as an example of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation's environmental activities regarding Factor X which is drawing attention as a management index of a product's environmental impact. Mitsubishi applied this calculation method to its products and unveiled their trial calculated values in December 20011. This paper describes the concept of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation's Factor X, the degree of performance improvement, the degree of reduction of environmental impact, the calculation method and examples
要实现可持续社会，非物质化与经济增长的相容性是必不可少的，这涉及到如何提高生态效率的问题。三菱电机公司提出了一种基于MET (M: Material = Effective utilization of resources;E: Energy =有效利用能源;作为评价产品对环境的影响程度的管理指标，正在受到关注的三菱电机的环境活动“X因素”(T =毒性=防止对环境有害物质的排放)正在得到推广。三菱将这种计算方法应用于其产品，并于2011年12月公布了其试验计算值。本文介绍了三菱电机X因子的概念、绩效改善程度、环境影响减少程度、计算方法和实例
{"title":"Evaluation methods and Applications of Factor X Indicator for Realization of a Sustainable Society","authors":"T. Takahashi, K. Ueno, K. Ishii","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619347","url":null,"abstract":"The compatibility of dematerialization with economic growth is indispensable for the realization of a sustainable society, which involves the problem of how to improve eco-efficiency. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has proposed an independent calculating method based on MET (M: Material = Effective utilization of resources; E: Energy = Effective use of energy; T = Toxicity = Prevention of emission of environmentally risky substances) currently being promoted as an example of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation's environmental activities regarding Factor X which is drawing attention as a management index of a product's environmental impact. Mitsubishi applied this calculation method to its products and unveiled their trial calculated values in December 20011. This paper describes the concept of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation's Factor X, the degree of performance improvement, the degree of reduction of environmental impact, the calculation method and examples","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126483398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619285
K. Sakita, T. Mori
The influences of designing product spread from human scale to social scale. In conceptual design stage, it is necessary for the designer to easily and quickly get the overview and the insight of the influences of designing product in the environment. The necessity of the product life cycle simulation system as a handy tool for ecodesigners is indicated. The framework of the product life cycle simulation system which includes 6 systems and 5 layers is proposed. The methods of input data and dynamic subject link of the product life cycle simulation system are proposed
{"title":"Product Life Cycle Simulation System for EcoDesigners","authors":"K. Sakita, T. Mori","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619285","url":null,"abstract":"The influences of designing product spread from human scale to social scale. In conceptual design stage, it is necessary for the designer to easily and quickly get the overview and the insight of the influences of designing product in the environment. The necessity of the product life cycle simulation system as a handy tool for ecodesigners is indicated. The framework of the product life cycle simulation system which includes 6 systems and 5 layers is proposed. The methods of input data and dynamic subject link of the product life cycle simulation system are proposed","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126777768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619317
A. Vakili-Ardebili, A. Boussabaine
The design process is a dynamic and complex system. This complexity is derived from taking environmental issues, socio-economics, resources and energy consumption into consideration, in addition to the design context. Eco-building design is presented in this paper as a complex dynamic system which embraces many characteristics and components that play pivotal roles in the evolution of sustainable design. Thus, an understanding of the components of eco-design and both their internal and external interactions might help in identifying eco-design hierarchy and structural aspects of its components. Based on this perception of the complexity theory, this paper makes contributions in the theoretical and conceptual development of a methodology to define the intricacy of eco-design.
{"title":"The Intricacy of Eco-Building Design","authors":"A. Vakili-Ardebili, A. Boussabaine","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619317","url":null,"abstract":"The design process is a dynamic and complex system. This complexity is derived from taking environmental issues, socio-economics, resources and energy consumption into consideration, in addition to the design context. Eco-building design is presented in this paper as a complex dynamic system which embraces many characteristics and components that play pivotal roles in the evolution of sustainable design. Thus, an understanding of the components of eco-design and both their internal and external interactions might help in identifying eco-design hierarchy and structural aspects of its components. Based on this perception of the complexity theory, this paper makes contributions in the theoretical and conceptual development of a methodology to define the intricacy of eco-design.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130856706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619284
S. Sundstrom
Environmentally enhanced purchasing contracts are vital to change consumption and production patterns. International cooperation on green purchasing, as an important tool to reach sustainable development goals, aims to disseminate information to developing countries. Countries such as Japan, where a large membership and continuous activity over a ten-year period has brought relative success in this area, lead the effort
{"title":"International Green Purchasing: A Strategy for Sustainable Development","authors":"S. Sundstrom","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619284","url":null,"abstract":"Environmentally enhanced purchasing contracts are vital to change consumption and production patterns. International cooperation on green purchasing, as an important tool to reach sustainable development goals, aims to disseminate information to developing countries. Countries such as Japan, where a large membership and continuous activity over a ten-year period has brought relative success in this area, lead the effort","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130876306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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