Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619335
M. Karlsson, D. Pigretti-Ohman
The healthcare sector is resource intensive and consumes large amount of energy, water, and materials. A study on the release of carbon dioxide from a life cycle perspective of Region Scania's operations has shown that 41 % of the totalCO2emissions is related to material consumption. A later study showed that one of the products with large climate impact was waste bags and other waste wrapping systems. This paper investigates the potentials for climate impact reduction and monetary savings for different scenarios of waste disposal at Region Scania.
{"title":"Climate Impact of Material Consumption in the Health Care Sector — case study Region Scania","authors":"M. Karlsson, D. Pigretti-Ohman","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619335","url":null,"abstract":"The healthcare sector is resource intensive and consumes large amount of energy, water, and materials. A study on the release of carbon dioxide from a life cycle perspective of Region Scania's operations has shown that 41 % of the totalCO2emissions is related to material consumption. A later study showed that one of the products with large climate impact was waste bags and other waste wrapping systems. This paper investigates the potentials for climate impact reduction and monetary savings for different scenarios of waste disposal at Region Scania.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130852606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619343
K. Fukuyo, K. Fujita
In the field of the household refrigerators, design engineers and researchers improve energy efficiency of the components of the products. However, the improvement of refrigerators' energy efficiency will reach the limit if the shapes of the refrigerators are fixed. The layout of each cabinet is decided based on the usability and has not changed for many years. There are some problems in the current type of refrigerator from the view point of thermal engineering, but changing the shape of refrigerators may cause the users inconvenience. This is a conflict between eco-design and usability of refrigerators. The energy efficiency and usability of the alternative types of refrigerators was studied and the conflict between eco-design and usability of each type of refrigerators was pointed out in this paper.
{"title":"Conflicts between eco-design and usability of refrigerators","authors":"K. Fukuyo, K. Fujita","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619343","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of the household refrigerators, design engineers and researchers improve energy efficiency of the components of the products. However, the improvement of refrigerators' energy efficiency will reach the limit if the shapes of the refrigerators are fixed. The layout of each cabinet is decided based on the usability and has not changed for many years. There are some problems in the current type of refrigerator from the view point of thermal engineering, but changing the shape of refrigerators may cause the users inconvenience. This is a conflict between eco-design and usability of refrigerators. The energy efficiency and usability of the alternative types of refrigerators was studied and the conflict between eco-design and usability of each type of refrigerators was pointed out in this paper.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114967823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619371
E. Ueda
This paper introduces three concepts of energy and food production system developed by the author for a possible sustainable consumption scenarios. The paper includes description, details and visual scenarios of each proposal design. These concepts were selected and awarded in the international and national ecodesign competitions in Japan. The proposed concepts are called "mobile greenhouse system", "windtree" and "windballon"
{"title":"Designing Concepts of Energy and Food Production System for a Sustainable Consumption (2): An Introduction","authors":"E. Ueda","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619371","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces three concepts of energy and food production system developed by the author for a possible sustainable consumption scenarios. The paper includes description, details and visual scenarios of each proposal design. These concepts were selected and awarded in the international and national ecodesign competitions in Japan. The proposed concepts are called \"mobile greenhouse system\", \"windtree\" and \"windballon\"","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115984723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619182
S. Serizawa, K. Inoue, M. Iji
The developed high-performance biomass-based plastics consist of polylactic acid (PLA) and fiber of kenaf, which fixates CO2 efficiently. Adding this fiber to PLA greatly increases its heat resistance and modulus and also enhances its crystallization. Eliminating the short particles from the kenaf fiber improves its effect on impact strength. Furthermore, adding a flexibilizer mainly made with biomass to the composite improves its strength. These composites (PLA/kenaf fiber, PLA/kenaf fiber/flexibilizer) show good practical characteristics as a housing material of electronic products, compared to petroleum-based plastics such as glass fiber-reinforced ABS resin
{"title":"Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Biomass-Plastics Used for Electronic Products","authors":"S. Serizawa, K. Inoue, M. Iji","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619182","url":null,"abstract":"The developed high-performance biomass-based plastics consist of polylactic acid (PLA) and fiber of kenaf, which fixates CO2 efficiently. Adding this fiber to PLA greatly increases its heat resistance and modulus and also enhances its crystallization. Eliminating the short particles from the kenaf fiber improves its effect on impact strength. Furthermore, adding a flexibilizer mainly made with biomass to the composite improves its strength. These composites (PLA/kenaf fiber, PLA/kenaf fiber/flexibilizer) show good practical characteristics as a housing material of electronic products, compared to petroleum-based plastics such as glass fiber-reinforced ABS resin","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114507702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619256
Chen-Fu Chen, Hsin-yi Wang
The package design of green products can be a useful media to communicate the identities and information about the green products to consumers, and it may also stimulate the green consuming. Through the principal component analysis of statistical analysis, there are four categories of evaluation factors for the package design of green products. The importance of those categories is ranked as follows: 1. environmental regulations, 2. portfolio of green products, 3. education and promotion, and 4. function and visual design of the package. The category of Education and Promotion was recognized as an imperative issue for consumers and professionals in Taiwan. Eventually, this evaluation model based on integrating the consumer's viewpoint, is different from the other package design checklists, with specific evaluation categories and rank statistically, which may contribute to the planning and design stage of the package design process
{"title":"The Evaluation Model for the Package Design of Green Products Based on Integrating the Consumer's Viewpoint","authors":"Chen-Fu Chen, Hsin-yi Wang","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619256","url":null,"abstract":"The package design of green products can be a useful media to communicate the identities and information about the green products to consumers, and it may also stimulate the green consuming. Through the principal component analysis of statistical analysis, there are four categories of evaluation factors for the package design of green products. The importance of those categories is ranked as follows: 1. environmental regulations, 2. portfolio of green products, 3. education and promotion, and 4. function and visual design of the package. The category of Education and Promotion was recognized as an imperative issue for consumers and professionals in Taiwan. Eventually, this evaluation model based on integrating the consumer's viewpoint, is different from the other package design checklists, with specific evaluation categories and rank statistically, which may contribute to the planning and design stage of the package design process","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114639743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619228
H. Sakamoto, M. Ozaki, Y. Nishimura
Design and development of a small modular wind power generator was conducted based on the findings of the product dissection. The characteristics includes rare-earth permanent magnets and core-less coil. To obtain the most suitable design method, dynamic magnetic field analysis was conducted. To confirm the results by analysis, a wind tunnel experiment was performed. The analytical results were within less than 10% error from those of the experimental results. The analysis is considered to be a tool for investigating the most suitable design for a generator. The wind power generator that was designed, developed, and manufactured is reported
{"title":"Effect of Core Design on Efficiency in Wind Power Generation","authors":"H. Sakamoto, M. Ozaki, Y. Nishimura","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619228","url":null,"abstract":"Design and development of a small modular wind power generator was conducted based on the findings of the product dissection. The characteristics includes rare-earth permanent magnets and core-less coil. To obtain the most suitable design method, dynamic magnetic field analysis was conducted. To confirm the results by analysis, a wind tunnel experiment was performed. The analytical results were within less than 10% error from those of the experimental results. The analysis is considered to be a tool for investigating the most suitable design for a generator. The wind power generator that was designed, developed, and manufactured is reported","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134403887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619300
F. Uchikoba
Lead free in electroceramics industry is described and new fibrous piezoelectric materials are explained as an original work. Reduction of lead has strongly been promoted in electroceramic devices. Due to this promotion, the amount of lead has actually decreased. However, in piezoelectric devices, PZT whose main material is lead oxide is dominantly used. Although many study and development for alternative materials have been done, the decisive material has not been obtained. In this paper, the recent development trend of lead-free in electroceramic industry is reviewed, and then synthesis of new fibrous piezoelectric materials by the present author is explained
{"title":"Study on Lead-Free Electroceramics - Piezoelectric Materials Focusing on Crystalline Orientation -","authors":"F. Uchikoba","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619300","url":null,"abstract":"Lead free in electroceramics industry is described and new fibrous piezoelectric materials are explained as an original work. Reduction of lead has strongly been promoted in electroceramic devices. Due to this promotion, the amount of lead has actually decreased. However, in piezoelectric devices, PZT whose main material is lead oxide is dominantly used. Although many study and development for alternative materials have been done, the decisive material has not been obtained. In this paper, the recent development trend of lead-free in electroceramic industry is reviewed, and then synthesis of new fibrous piezoelectric materials by the present author is explained","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134074648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619279
F. Kato, T. Kassai, I. Shimizu
In order to detect the hazardous/impurity particle in the water, the developmental research for the monitoring system of spatial distribution of particle in the water has been carried out. In the research, the spatial distribution and the spatial behaviour of particle in the water is visualized by the laser sheet light illumination. The number of particle in each size has been counted by the analysis of the visualized image. The size distribution of particle has been displayed by the image analysis. In order to validate the technique, mono-dispersed Poly Styrene Latex (PSL) particles those are micron size are used. The correspondence between the particle size and the pixel area of each particle image has been obtained from the visualized images. Besides, the image analysis by the use of optical image processing has been trialed. In the technique, target particle that has specific size and/or shape can be detected in real time. Combining these techniques, specified particle's spatial distribution and the number can be monitored in real time in the water supply system
{"title":"Developmental research for the monitoring system of spatial distribution of impurity particle in the water","authors":"F. Kato, T. Kassai, I. Shimizu","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619279","url":null,"abstract":"In order to detect the hazardous/impurity particle in the water, the developmental research for the monitoring system of spatial distribution of particle in the water has been carried out. In the research, the spatial distribution and the spatial behaviour of particle in the water is visualized by the laser sheet light illumination. The number of particle in each size has been counted by the analysis of the visualized image. The size distribution of particle has been displayed by the image analysis. In order to validate the technique, mono-dispersed Poly Styrene Latex (PSL) particles those are micron size are used. The correspondence between the particle size and the pixel area of each particle image has been obtained from the visualized images. Besides, the image analysis by the use of optical image processing has been trialed. In the technique, target particle that has specific size and/or shape can be detected in real time. Combining these techniques, specified particle's spatial distribution and the number can be monitored in real time in the water supply system","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133829036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619363
Chia-Liang Weng, T. Yashiro
The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for estimating the accumulated resources and dismantling materials from the existing building stock. As the first step, the concept of building-lifetime-parameter is introduced; the documentation of fix-property-tax is applied as a basic data to approach the actual number of existing buildings. Secondly, a "basic unit" of accumulated materials divided into different categories of building types is also adopted form current database. After the formation (structure-types, constructed year) of existing building stock is obtained, a precise estimation considering quantity and quality could be acquired. Based on this methodology developed, as a case study, simulations of 5 Japanese areas (all over Japan, Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, Hokkaido) are applied and the effectiveness of this methodology is examined.
{"title":"A Methodology of Estimation to Accumulated Resources and Dismantling Materials from the Existing Building Stock","authors":"Chia-Liang Weng, T. Yashiro","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619363","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for estimating the accumulated resources and dismantling materials from the existing building stock. As the first step, the concept of building-lifetime-parameter is introduced; the documentation of fix-property-tax is applied as a basic data to approach the actual number of existing buildings. Secondly, a \"basic unit\" of accumulated materials divided into different categories of building types is also adopted form current database. After the formation (structure-types, constructed year) of existing building stock is obtained, a precise estimation considering quantity and quality could be acquired. Based on this methodology developed, as a case study, simulations of 5 Japanese areas (all over Japan, Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, Hokkaido) are applied and the effectiveness of this methodology is examined.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132978509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619263
T. Natsume
International standard, 'IEC 62309(2004): Dependability of products containing reused parts - Requirements for functionality and tests' was released in July, 2004. And the corresponding JIS, translated standard will be also released within 2005 as JIS C 5750-4-1. It may be the first definite program and a guideline on Reuse in 3R proposed for the society and industries in world wide. Fundamentals of this program is to use used parts twice after qualification which means to evaluate and to assess used parts for next usage based on the same specification on the concerned part, and a product containing these reused parts will be able to declare as a new product. These are several concerns for implementation of this standard to current industries and society, that is; relationship product assurance and compensation, parts qualification based on technical support and engineering background on dependability of products and reliability assessment on the concerned parts, consumers sensitivity or acceptance on products containing reused parts is as new, and cost balance in their business for this reused program in introducing their business. However contribution for a part of environmental resolutions strongly is expected by this implementation to the current industries and acceptance by consumers in the current society. Here, these issues and concerns on implementation of this reused program are discussed with brief presentation on this guideline, and technical supports and industrial background for easy understanding. Additionally, new concept of a product life cycle modelling is made trial of a proposal for total solution
国际标准“IEC 62309(2004):包含重复使用部件的产品的可靠性-功能和测试要求”于2004年7月发布。相应的JIS翻译标准JIS C 5750-4-1也将于2005年发布。这可能是世界范围内第一个针对社会和行业提出的明确的3R再利用方案和指导方针。该计划的基本原则是，旧零件在合格后进行二次使用，即根据有关零件的相同规格对旧零件的下一次使用进行评估和评估，含有这些重复使用零件的产品将能够申报为新产品。这是当前行业和社会对该标准实施的几点关注，即;产品保证和补偿的关系，基于技术支持和工程背景的产品可靠性和相关部件可靠性评估的零件资格，消费者对含有重复使用部件的产品的敏感性或接受度与新产品的关系，以及在引入业务时对该重复使用程序的业务成本平衡。然而，对环境决议的一部分的贡献强烈期望通过这一实施对当前行业和当前社会消费者的接受。本文讨论了实现该重用程序的问题，并简要介绍了该指南，以及技术支持和行业背景，以便于理解。此外，提出了产品生命周期建模的新概念，并对整体解决方案的建议进行了试验
{"title":"On a REUSE Program — Implementation of IEC 62309(2004): Dependability of products containing reused parts — Requirements for functionality and tests","authors":"T. Natsume","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619263","url":null,"abstract":"International standard, 'IEC 62309(2004): Dependability of products containing reused parts - Requirements for functionality and tests' was released in July, 2004. And the corresponding JIS, translated standard will be also released within 2005 as JIS C 5750-4-1. It may be the first definite program and a guideline on Reuse in 3R proposed for the society and industries in world wide. Fundamentals of this program is to use used parts twice after qualification which means to evaluate and to assess used parts for next usage based on the same specification on the concerned part, and a product containing these reused parts will be able to declare as a new product. These are several concerns for implementation of this standard to current industries and society, that is; relationship product assurance and compensation, parts qualification based on technical support and engineering background on dependability of products and reliability assessment on the concerned parts, consumers sensitivity or acceptance on products containing reused parts is as new, and cost balance in their business for this reused program in introducing their business. However contribution for a part of environmental resolutions strongly is expected by this implementation to the current industries and acceptance by consumers in the current society. Here, these issues and concerns on implementation of this reused program are discussed with brief presentation on this guideline, and technical supports and industrial background for easy understanding. Additionally, new concept of a product life cycle modelling is made trial of a proposal for total solution","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127734469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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