Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619290
M. Lindahl, M. Winsnes
This paper presents a life cycle assessment of seven different recycling alternatives for cable plastic waste: "Mechanical recycling in the Vinyloop process", "Chemical recycling in the Stigsnaes process", "Energy recovery in a garbage incineration facility", "Energy recovery in a cement kiln", "Open burning in China", "Granulation and energy recovery in China" and "Cable stripping in China". The functional unit is one ton of cable plastic waste after metal separation. The conclusion is that the Chinese alternatives are not preferred from an environmental point of view due to the large energy consumption and emissions output from the transport by ship from Sweden to China. From this the conclusion can be drawn that regardless of the method used in Sweden, or in the near vicinity of Sweden, the recycling of plastics from Sweden in China is less desirable from an environmental point of view. Of the alternative methods, the Vinyloop process is somewhat better for the environment than the Stigsnaes process, but only because the existing Vinyloop plant is located in Italy. The Stigsnaes process is still preferred until a Vinyloop plant is constructed nearer to or in Sweden
{"title":"Recycling of Cable Plastics - A Life Cycle Assessment of Several Different Alternatives","authors":"M. Lindahl, M. Winsnes","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619290","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a life cycle assessment of seven different recycling alternatives for cable plastic waste: \"Mechanical recycling in the Vinyloop process\", \"Chemical recycling in the Stigsnaes process\", \"Energy recovery in a garbage incineration facility\", \"Energy recovery in a cement kiln\", \"Open burning in China\", \"Granulation and energy recovery in China\" and \"Cable stripping in China\". The functional unit is one ton of cable plastic waste after metal separation. The conclusion is that the Chinese alternatives are not preferred from an environmental point of view due to the large energy consumption and emissions output from the transport by ship from Sweden to China. From this the conclusion can be drawn that regardless of the method used in Sweden, or in the near vicinity of Sweden, the recycling of plastics from Sweden in China is less desirable from an environmental point of view. Of the alternative methods, the Vinyloop process is somewhat better for the environment than the Stigsnaes process, but only because the existing Vinyloop plant is located in Italy. The Stigsnaes process is still preferred until a Vinyloop plant is constructed nearer to or in Sweden","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131092530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619375
S. Yamamoto, M. Nakazono
Recently local governments have started on the project of making use of vacant house as the residence for the parson turned from city to country. At present, the vacant house use project is classified into three type systems. In this paper, the "Information service plus improvement subsidy" system is discussed as the main subject. The purpose of this study is to analyze the availability of the system that is the advanced type of the "Information service" system. The object areas of investigation are Togo-cho and Ei-cho in Kagoshima Prefecture. From the viewpoint of system, repaired item, improvement cost and life style are analyzed and the characteristics of the system are clarified. And the system is compared with the similar system. At the end, the subject of the system is examined. As the result, the effective project form is proposed to solve the subject of present system. Firstly, the improvement cost paid by the government and owner should be collected. Secondly, owner should get house rent. Thirdly, tenant should pay a part of the improvement cost. This system will have effect on not only making use of vacant houses but also revitalizing rural areas.
{"title":"Grant System for Improvement of Traditional Vacant House in Rural Areas -Case Study in Kagoshima Prefecture-","authors":"S. Yamamoto, M. Nakazono","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619375","url":null,"abstract":"Recently local governments have started on the project of making use of vacant house as the residence for the parson turned from city to country. At present, the vacant house use project is classified into three type systems. In this paper, the \"Information service plus improvement subsidy\" system is discussed as the main subject. The purpose of this study is to analyze the availability of the system that is the advanced type of the \"Information service\" system. The object areas of investigation are Togo-cho and Ei-cho in Kagoshima Prefecture. From the viewpoint of system, repaired item, improvement cost and life style are analyzed and the characteristics of the system are clarified. And the system is compared with the similar system. At the end, the subject of the system is examined. As the result, the effective project form is proposed to solve the subject of present system. Firstly, the improvement cost paid by the government and owner should be collected. Secondly, owner should get house rent. Thirdly, tenant should pay a part of the improvement cost. This system will have effect on not only making use of vacant houses but also revitalizing rural areas.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132024571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619216
Y. Shimizu, T. Kawai, Y. Inaba, Y. Motoki
We have proposed a Web-based infrastructure for integrating element technologies of life cycle engineering (LCE) including simulation, optimization, and decision-making tools with a product life cycle model. A structural function modeling method named IDEFO is employed for defining the model. We also developed a format to describe the model by using XML that is known suitable for Web-based applications. Moreover, employing distributed object-oriented technologies, we have implemented an information infrastructure that can be deployed on the Web. Finally, a case study regarding a chemical product is provided to illustrate the usage of the system
{"title":"A Proposal of Web-based Infrastructure for Integrating Element Technologies of Life Cycle Engineering","authors":"Y. Shimizu, T. Kawai, Y. Inaba, Y. Motoki","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619216","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed a Web-based infrastructure for integrating element technologies of life cycle engineering (LCE) including simulation, optimization, and decision-making tools with a product life cycle model. A structural function modeling method named IDEFO is employed for defining the model. We also developed a format to describe the model by using XML that is known suitable for Web-based applications. Moreover, employing distributed object-oriented technologies, we have implemented an information infrastructure that can be deployed on the Web. Finally, a case study regarding a chemical product is provided to illustrate the usage of the system","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127839891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619197
S. Okumura, Y. Sakabe
In the design phase of sustainable products involving reusable units, it is important to set an appropriate physical life span for a reusable unit from the viewpoint of decreasing the environmental load on earth. If a reusable unit has a short functional life or little demand, it having an excess physical life span will increase environmental impact. This study examines the optimal physical life span distribution of a reusable unit, which minimizes environmental impact per unit time, with consideration of the time series behavior of the value and demand of reusable units and sustainable products including reusable units. A discrete-event simulation model is developed for its purpose and statistical characteristics of the optimal physical life span distribution are derived under various environmental conditions
{"title":"Physical Life Design of Reusable Unit with Consideration of Time Series Behavior of Its Value and Demand","authors":"S. Okumura, Y. Sakabe","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619197","url":null,"abstract":"In the design phase of sustainable products involving reusable units, it is important to set an appropriate physical life span for a reusable unit from the viewpoint of decreasing the environmental load on earth. If a reusable unit has a short functional life or little demand, it having an excess physical life span will increase environmental impact. This study examines the optimal physical life span distribution of a reusable unit, which minimizes environmental impact per unit time, with consideration of the time series behavior of the value and demand of reusable units and sustainable products including reusable units. A discrete-event simulation model is developed for its purpose and statistical characteristics of the optimal physical life span distribution are derived under various environmental conditions","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131313563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619154
Zhou Guomei, R. Yong
In the paper, the characteristics of circular economy in China are analyzed. According to the theory and practice of circular economy in China and international experiences, the development pattern of circular economy covers industrial development pattern and regional development pattern. The policy and legislations framework are established for promoting circular economy. The recommendations are proposed to build resource-efficient and environmental-friendly society.
{"title":"The Development Pattern and Policy Framework of Circular Economy in China","authors":"Zhou Guomei, R. Yong","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619154","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, the characteristics of circular economy in China are analyzed. According to the theory and practice of circular economy in China and international experiences, the development pattern of circular economy covers industrial development pattern and regional development pattern. The policy and legislations framework are established for promoting circular economy. The recommendations are proposed to build resource-efficient and environmental-friendly society.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131698967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619361
C. Van Dinh, S. Roces, F. Bacani, P. Yimsiri
This paper focuses on the design and fabrication of a microwave system for plastic pyrolysis. The microwave system used is a modified domestic microwave oven with a maximum power of 1,000 watt, single feed and 2.45 GHz frequency. Simulation was done to be able to study the field distribution inside the cavity. Distributions of electric field strength (E), dissipated power inside the oven cavity, skin-depth of electromagnetic waves in charcoal media, and mode generation were investigated to determine the dimension of the reactor and the best position for the reactor to be placed inside the cavity in order to get better heating generation. It was found that the dissipated power for the whole cavity was uneven. Skin-depth should be from 19.2 to 19.657 mm. The reactor should be of a diameter less than 19.2 mm and placed in the high-power density regions inside the cavity. A preliminary study was carried out using polypropylene (PP), Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) resins and charcoal as microwave absorber at 460-510degC
{"title":"Design and Fabrication of Microwave Pyrolysis System","authors":"C. Van Dinh, S. Roces, F. Bacani, P. Yimsiri","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619361","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the design and fabrication of a microwave system for plastic pyrolysis. The microwave system used is a modified domestic microwave oven with a maximum power of 1,000 watt, single feed and 2.45 GHz frequency. Simulation was done to be able to study the field distribution inside the cavity. Distributions of electric field strength (E), dissipated power inside the oven cavity, skin-depth of electromagnetic waves in charcoal media, and mode generation were investigated to determine the dimension of the reactor and the best position for the reactor to be placed inside the cavity in order to get better heating generation. It was found that the dissipated power for the whole cavity was uneven. Skin-depth should be from 19.2 to 19.657 mm. The reactor should be of a diameter less than 19.2 mm and placed in the high-power density regions inside the cavity. A preliminary study was carried out using polypropylene (PP), Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) resins and charcoal as microwave absorber at 460-510degC","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619370
S. Obara, K. Kudo
The capacity reduction of a solid-polymer-membrane-type fuel cell (PEFC) with a reformer by load leveling and by improving the efficiency of part-load operation of the reformer is considered. When electric power demand of the building is small, a part of electric power generated by the fuel cell is supplied to a water electrolysis device, and hydrogen and oxygen gases are generated. And time is shifted and gases are supplied to a fuel cell. Consequently, compared with the conventional system, reduction of 40% of fuel cell capacity is expected. As the 2nd review, route planning program of hot water piping of a fuel-cell-energy-network for fuel cell central system and distributed system was developed. The hot-water piping route planning program of fuel cell network was developed by using genetic algorithm based on the view of TSP (traveling salesman problem)
{"title":"The Distribution Design of PEM Fuel Cell Cogeneration","authors":"S. Obara, K. Kudo","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619370","url":null,"abstract":"The capacity reduction of a solid-polymer-membrane-type fuel cell (PEFC) with a reformer by load leveling and by improving the efficiency of part-load operation of the reformer is considered. When electric power demand of the building is small, a part of electric power generated by the fuel cell is supplied to a water electrolysis device, and hydrogen and oxygen gases are generated. And time is shifted and gases are supplied to a fuel cell. Consequently, compared with the conventional system, reduction of 40% of fuel cell capacity is expected. As the 2nd review, route planning program of hot water piping of a fuel-cell-energy-network for fuel cell central system and distributed system was developed. The hot-water piping route planning program of fuel cell network was developed by using genetic algorithm based on the view of TSP (traveling salesman problem)","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125426150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619321
W. Wimmer, R. Pamminger, M. Stachura, R. Grab
Because of the rising number of waste of electrical and electronic equipment the European Union implemented two new directives. There is the directive for the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) and the directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). In order to facilitate for enterprises to fulfill the directives, a practical tool has been created. In which first information over the frameworks of the directives are mentioned and target group, validity and deadlines for reports are given. The EEE-PILOT is a software tool, which helps product developers to find suitable strategies and measures in order to improve its product in such a way that it corresponds to the requirements of the WEEE and the RoHS directive. The EEE-PILOT is divided into four areas. In the first area, WHO?, it will be determined whether one (manufacturers, dealers and importers) is concerned at all. In the second, WHAT?, the content of the directives is prepared easily understandable, in the third, WHEN?, the exact deadlines for implementation are listed and in the fourth area, HOW?, strategies and measures for the implementation in practice are mentioned. Achieving the legal compliance is very much simplified by working with the checklists. The results of the EEE-PILOT are concrete instructions which are can be realized easily. A case study carried out using a Digital Voice Recorder is presented in the paper. With the use of the EEE-PILOT a list of improvement ideas has been generated
{"title":"ECODESIGN in the electronics industry — achieving legal compliance with the EU-directives and environmentally improving products by using the new EEE-PILOT","authors":"W. Wimmer, R. Pamminger, M. Stachura, R. Grab","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619321","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the rising number of waste of electrical and electronic equipment the European Union implemented two new directives. There is the directive for the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) and the directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). In order to facilitate for enterprises to fulfill the directives, a practical tool has been created. In which first information over the frameworks of the directives are mentioned and target group, validity and deadlines for reports are given. The EEE-PILOT is a software tool, which helps product developers to find suitable strategies and measures in order to improve its product in such a way that it corresponds to the requirements of the WEEE and the RoHS directive. The EEE-PILOT is divided into four areas. In the first area, WHO?, it will be determined whether one (manufacturers, dealers and importers) is concerned at all. In the second, WHAT?, the content of the directives is prepared easily understandable, in the third, WHEN?, the exact deadlines for implementation are listed and in the fourth area, HOW?, strategies and measures for the implementation in practice are mentioned. Achieving the legal compliance is very much simplified by working with the checklists. The results of the EEE-PILOT are concrete instructions which are can be realized easily. A case study carried out using a Digital Voice Recorder is presented in the paper. With the use of the EEE-PILOT a list of improvement ideas has been generated","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126271327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619344
T. Aoe, S. Kurihara, O. Namikawa, T. Takahashi, C. Nakaniwa
In Japan, some leading industries and companies have started to apply the eco-efficiency concept in their management, decision-making and/or communication tools with stakeholders. Although still experimental, the eco-efficiency increasingly gains recognition as effective concept at the sectoral /corporate level and at a product level. In this paper, we first describe how the eco-efficiency concept is practiced; especially at a product level for that there are multi-attribute evaluation items. Second, we present an overview of eco-efficiency related activities in Japan, such as eco-efficiency project (funded by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan. Finally, we introduce one of the project activities, an eco-efficiency handbook that was issued in 2004 and describe coordinating methodologies and steps in the development of eco-efficiency indicators.
{"title":"Publication of the Eco-efficiency Handbook in 2004 Eco-efficiency Project in Japan","authors":"T. Aoe, S. Kurihara, O. Namikawa, T. Takahashi, C. Nakaniwa","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619344","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, some leading industries and companies have started to apply the eco-efficiency concept in their management, decision-making and/or communication tools with stakeholders. Although still experimental, the eco-efficiency increasingly gains recognition as effective concept at the sectoral /corporate level and at a product level. In this paper, we first describe how the eco-efficiency concept is practiced; especially at a product level for that there are multi-attribute evaluation items. Second, we present an overview of eco-efficiency related activities in Japan, such as eco-efficiency project (funded by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan. Finally, we introduce one of the project activities, an eco-efficiency handbook that was issued in 2004 and describe coordinating methodologies and steps in the development of eco-efficiency indicators.","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"409 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121558371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619176
Chen-Fu Chen, Chia-Yi Huang
This study has explored the knowledge structure of green package design for instruction in colleges and professional trainings. The most needed green package design knowledge is ranked by package design educators and professionals as: 1) the environmental and packaging regulations; 2) the variety of package materials; 3) holistic concepts about green package design, such as the consideration of product life cycle; 4) identifying the environmental appeals and safety of inks; 5) processing of package materials and design technologies; 6) establishing corporate environmental image; 7) other package related environmental education. Nevertheless, the package material is ranked the most priority for the green package design evaluation, which may need corresponding to more research resources
{"title":"The Instructional Planning and Guidelines for the Courses of Green Package Design","authors":"Chen-Fu Chen, Chia-Yi Huang","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2005.1619176","url":null,"abstract":"This study has explored the knowledge structure of green package design for instruction in colleges and professional trainings. The most needed green package design knowledge is ranked by package design educators and professionals as: 1) the environmental and packaging regulations; 2) the variety of package materials; 3) holistic concepts about green package design, such as the consideration of product life cycle; 4) identifying the environmental appeals and safety of inks; 5) processing of package materials and design technologies; 6) establishing corporate environmental image; 7) other package related environmental education. Nevertheless, the package material is ranked the most priority for the green package design evaluation, which may need corresponding to more research resources","PeriodicalId":383623,"journal":{"name":"2005 4th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125218282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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