Increasing rates of pollution and over-exploitation have reduced the availability of water in many regions of the world. In this context, the qualitative and quantitative management of available water resources becomes paramount. Thus, this study evaluated the applicability of two low-cost discharge measurement methods that are adequately precise: the electromagnetic method and the culvert method. The methods were applied in the field (Ribeirao da Onca Basin) in order to assess their advantages and disadvantages with reference to the conventional method of discharge measurement. Compared with the traditional method, the electromagnetic method resulted in a deviation of -5%, but allowed velocity measurements in the turbulent conditions caused by the channel’s side walls. The culvert method resulted in discharge deviations of 2.1%; however, it had limitations in high water situations. The two low-cost methods showed good results in determining the rate of discharge, but it is crucial to understand their operational limitations.
{"title":"Evaluation of low-cost methods for discharge measurements in rivers","authors":"Luiz Henrique Maldonado, E. Wendland, R. Porto","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1293","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing rates of pollution and over-exploitation have reduced the availability of water in many regions of the world. In this context, the qualitative and quantitative management of available water resources becomes paramount. Thus, this study evaluated the applicability of two low-cost discharge measurement methods that are adequately precise: the electromagnetic method and the culvert method. The methods were applied in the field (Ribeirao da Onca Basin) in order to assess their advantages and disadvantages with reference to the conventional method of discharge measurement. Compared with the traditional method, the electromagnetic method resulted in a deviation of -5%, but allowed velocity measurements in the turbulent conditions caused by the channel’s side walls. The culvert method resulted in discharge deviations of 2.1%; however, it had limitations in high water situations. The two low-cost methods showed good results in determining the rate of discharge, but it is crucial to understand their operational limitations.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"402-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70663013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work analyzed the informal mechanisms of public water allocation and reallocation in western Argentina from a holistic conception of law. The paper refers to informal uses, its logical but ineffective repression and the continuous regularization processes from a non experimental observational method based on the use of qualitative strategies. The research work focused on the operation of water allocation mechanisms and management practices developed in the absence of law and against the law, at both the delivery and regulatory levels. The findings highlight the tensions and contradictions of these mechanisms under the formal legal system, demonstrating the crisis of both effectiveness and legitimacy of the law and the State in managing public waters.
{"title":"Non formal mechanisms for public water allocation and the ineffectiveness of law in arid western Argentina","authors":"Liber Martín, M. Pinto","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1537","url":null,"abstract":"This work analyzed the informal mechanisms of public water allocation and reallocation in western Argentina from a holistic conception of law. The paper refers to informal uses, its logical but ineffective repression and the continuous regularization processes from a non experimental observational method based on the use of qualitative strategies. The research work focused on the operation of water allocation mechanisms and management practices developed in the absence of law and against the law, at both the delivery and regulatory levels. The findings highlight the tensions and contradictions of these mechanisms under the formal legal system, demonstrating the crisis of both effectiveness and legitimacy of the law and the State in managing public waters.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"338-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Karen Osuna-Osuna, José de Jesús Díaz-Torres, José De Anda-Sánchez, Edgardo Villegas-García, Juan Gallardo-Valdez, Gustavo Davila-Vazquez
Los estudios relacionados con los cambios progresivos en la cobertura vegetal y de uso de suelo, han cobrado importancia en la investigacion ambiental, ya que han permitido evaluar las tendencias espacio-temporales de procesos como la deforestacion y degradacion ambiental, provocadas por actividades humanas. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de las actividades antropogenicas en la cuenca del rio Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico; en un periodo de 16 anos. Se utilizaron imagenes de satelite Landsat para los anos de 1994 y 2010, distinguiendose nueve usos y coberturas del suelo: selva, bosques, suelo agricola, agua, vegetacion perturbada, asentamientos urbanos, pastizales, cultivos de citricos y matorrales. Se validaron los mapas tematicos, obteniendose exactitudes globales mayores a 92%, y coeficientes de Kappa de 0.89 y 0.91 para las clasificaciones de 1994 y 2010, respectivamente. El analisis de la matriz de transicion revelo una tendencia al incremento de superficies dedicadas a actividades humanas (agricultura y uso urbano), presentando porcentajes de cambio de 28% y 67% en un lapso de 16 anos, respectivamente. En consecuencia, se observo una disminucion (-1.1% anual) de superficies con coberturas naturales, especificamente de bosques y selvas, encontrandose similitudes con trabajos realizados a nivel nacional y estatal, donde se ha demostrado la transicion de coberturas naturales por el incremento de actividades antropogenicas. Los resultados de este trabajo son de utilidad para futuros planes de desarrollo ambiental, planes de ordenamiento territorial, y en la planeacion de estrategias de conservacion de los recursos naturales en la cuenca.
{"title":"Assessment of land use and land cover change in Tecolutla River Basin, Veracruz, Mexico; during the period 1994-2010","authors":"Ana Karen Osuna-Osuna, José de Jesús Díaz-Torres, José De Anda-Sánchez, Edgardo Villegas-García, Juan Gallardo-Valdez, Gustavo Davila-Vazquez","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1539","url":null,"abstract":"Los estudios relacionados con los cambios progresivos en la cobertura vegetal y de uso de suelo, han cobrado importancia en la investigacion ambiental, ya que han permitido evaluar las tendencias espacio-temporales de procesos como la deforestacion y degradacion ambiental, provocadas por actividades humanas. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de las actividades antropogenicas en la cuenca del rio Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico; en un periodo de 16 anos. Se utilizaron imagenes de satelite Landsat para los anos de 1994 y 2010, distinguiendose nueve usos y coberturas del suelo: selva, bosques, suelo agricola, agua, vegetacion perturbada, asentamientos urbanos, pastizales, cultivos de citricos y matorrales. Se validaron los mapas tematicos, obteniendose exactitudes globales mayores a 92%, y coeficientes de Kappa de 0.89 y 0.91 para las clasificaciones de 1994 y 2010, respectivamente. El analisis de la matriz de transicion revelo una tendencia al incremento de superficies dedicadas a actividades humanas (agricultura y uso urbano), presentando porcentajes de cambio de 28% y 67% en un lapso de 16 anos, respectivamente. En consecuencia, se observo una disminucion (-1.1% anual) de superficies con coberturas naturales, especificamente de bosques y selvas, encontrandose similitudes con trabajos realizados a nivel nacional y estatal, donde se ha demostrado la transicion de coberturas naturales por el incremento de actividades antropogenicas. Los resultados de este trabajo son de utilidad para futuros planes de desarrollo ambiental, planes de ordenamiento territorial, y en la planeacion de estrategias de conservacion de los recursos naturales en la cuenca.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"350-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria José Martínez Cordón, Martha Isabel Aldana Castañeda, J. A. G. Dallos
Os praguicidas utilizados na producao de cultivos sao a fonte mais importante de contaminacao difusa das aguas subterrâneas, e sua descarga na superficie da agua pode ser um fator que contribui para a diminuicao dos recursos vivos e deterioracao dos ecossistemas. O movimento de oxadixyl atraves de colunas de solo (30 cm y 14 cm de diametro) foi estudado em condicoes de laboratorio utilizando um solo de cultivo de cebola do Lago de Tota (Boyaca, Colombia). Foi colocada uma solucao de CaCl2 0,01 M, contento um marcador (brometo) e oxadixil na superficie do solo, em seguida, aplicou-se chuva simulada a una intensidad de 0,034 cm h-1. Depois de 2,13 volumes de poro, em 30 dias, a porcentagem de oxadixil recuperado na parte inferior da coluna foi de 92,1%. Analisou-se a curva experimental de eluicao de oxadixyl utilizando-se o programa Stanmod (problema inverso) para obter os parâmetros de transporte. O modelo de nao-equilibrio quimico descreve bem as curvas de eluicao experimentais. Em particular, a cauda de eluicao foi bem ajustada. O fator de retardamento calculado para o fungicida foi de 3,94 e o coeficiente de particao foi proximo de 1 kg L-1, o que indica baixa absorcao deste solo. Sob as condicoes experimentais, oxadixyl (fase movel) neste solo apresenta um risco potencial de contaminacao das aguas subterrâneas.
作物生产中使用的农药是地下水扩散污染的最重要来源，其排放到水面可能是导致生物资源减少和生态系统恶化的一个因素。在实验室条件下，利用来自Tota湖(哥伦比亚Boyaca)的洋葱栽培土壤研究了恶二氧基通过土壤柱(直径30厘米和14厘米)的运动。在土壤表面放置0.01 M CaCl2溶液，含标记物(溴化)和恶二氧基，然后以0.034 cm h-1的强度进行模拟降雨。经2.13孔体积处理后，30 d后，柱下部恶二氧基回收率为92.1%。利用Stanmod程序(逆问题)分析了oxadixyl洗脱的实验曲线，得到了输运参数。化学非平衡模型很好地描述了实验洗脱曲线。特别是，伊柳科的尾巴调整得很好。计算出该杀菌剂的延迟因子为3.94，分配系数接近1 kg L-1，表明该土壤的吸收能力较低。在实验条件下，该土壤的恶二氧基(移动相)对地下水有潜在的污染风险。
{"title":"Mathematical modeling of oxadixyl transport in onion crop soil","authors":"Maria José Martínez Cordón, Martha Isabel Aldana Castañeda, J. A. G. Dallos","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1565","url":null,"abstract":"Os praguicidas utilizados na producao de cultivos sao a fonte mais importante de contaminacao difusa das aguas subterrâneas, e sua descarga na superficie da agua pode ser um fator que contribui para a diminuicao dos recursos vivos e deterioracao dos ecossistemas. O movimento de oxadixyl atraves de colunas de solo (30 cm y 14 cm de diametro) foi estudado em condicoes de laboratorio utilizando um solo de cultivo de cebola do Lago de Tota (Boyaca, Colombia). Foi colocada uma solucao de CaCl2 0,01 M, contento um marcador (brometo) e oxadixil na superficie do solo, em seguida, aplicou-se chuva simulada a una intensidad de 0,034 cm h-1. Depois de 2,13 volumes de poro, em 30 dias, a porcentagem de oxadixil recuperado na parte inferior da coluna foi de 92,1%. Analisou-se a curva experimental de eluicao de oxadixyl utilizando-se o programa Stanmod (problema inverso) para obter os parâmetros de transporte. O modelo de nao-equilibrio quimico descreve bem as curvas de eluicao experimentais. Em particular, a cauda de eluicao foi bem ajustada. O fator de retardamento calculado para o fungicida foi de 3,94 e o coeficiente de particao foi proximo de 1 kg L-1, o que indica baixa absorcao deste solo. Sob as condicoes experimentais, oxadixyl (fase movel) neste solo apresenta um risco potencial de contaminacao das aguas subterrâneas.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"327-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper documents the causes of the scaling of stripping towers used for the treatment of groundwater polluted by the leachate from an old municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in northern Italy. The effects of the scaling on the stripping performance are also reported. The whole process consists of a coagulation-flocculation pre-treatment at pH > 11, followed by an ammonia stripping stage, after heating the water to 38°C in order to improve removal efficiency. The stripped ammonia is recovered by absorption with sulfuric acid, producing a 30% solution of ammonium sulfate (reused as a base fertilizer). The effluent air stream is recirculated to the stripping towers (closed loop systems) in order to avoid an excessive temperature drop inside the packings, mainly in winter, with consequent loss of efficiency and risk of icing. The progressive scaling of the packing has resulted in a loss of ammonia removal efficiency from an initial value of 98% (clean packing) down to 80% after six months of continuous operation, necessitating a chemical cleaning. Optimum conditions for design and operation of the stripping process are also documented.
{"title":"Scaling of ammonia stripping towers in the treatment of groundwater polluted by municipal solid waste landfill leachate: study of the causes of scaling and its effects on stripping performance.","authors":"P. Viotti, R. Gavasci","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1567","url":null,"abstract":"This paper documents the causes of the scaling of stripping towers used for the treatment of groundwater polluted by the leachate from an old municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in northern Italy. The effects of the scaling on the stripping performance are also reported. The whole process consists of a coagulation-flocculation pre-treatment at pH > 11, followed by an ammonia stripping stage, after heating the water to 38°C in order to improve removal efficiency. The stripped ammonia is recovered by absorption with sulfuric acid, producing a 30% solution of ammonium sulfate (reused as a base fertilizer). The effluent air stream is recirculated to the stripping towers (closed loop systems) in order to avoid an excessive temperature drop inside the packings, mainly in winter, with consequent loss of efficiency and risk of icing. The progressive scaling of the packing has resulted in a loss of ammonia removal efficiency from an initial value of 98% (clean packing) down to 80% after six months of continuous operation, necessitating a chemical cleaning. Optimum conditions for design and operation of the stripping process are also documented.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"240-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While often imperceptible to the human eye, groundwater has a relevant role as a very important component of the hydrological cycle. This research presents a case study of the GOD system assessing the vulnerability of the aquifer to contamination. The study surveyed thirty-six groundwater extraction wells in the municipality of Palma Nova, registered and located on the edge of the Parana Sedimentary Basin in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Two aquifer systems occur in this area in both outcropping and confined zones; one is composed of volcanic flows known as the Serra Geral Aquifer System (SGAS) and the other of sedimentary sandstone rocks, known as the Guarani Aquifer System (SAG). The
{"title":"Vulnerabilidade à contaminação das águas subterrâneas do município de Nova Palma, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil","authors":"Carlos Alberto Löbler, J. A. D. Silva","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1390","url":null,"abstract":"While often imperceptible to the human eye, groundwater has a relevant role as a very important component of the hydrological cycle. This research presents a case study of the GOD system assessing the vulnerability of the aquifer to contamination. The study surveyed thirty-six groundwater extraction wells in the municipality of Palma Nova, registered and located on the edge of the Parana Sedimentary Basin in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Two aquifer systems occur in this area in both outcropping and confined zones; one is composed of volcanic flows known as the Serra Geral Aquifer System (SGAS) and the other of sedimentary sandstone rocks, known as the Guarani Aquifer System (SAG). The","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70663845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Sampaio Cavalcanti, H. J. I. Filho, Oswaldo Luiz Cobra Guimarães, Adriano Francisco Siqueira
O chorume em estudo e oriundo da cidade de Cachoeira Paulista-SP, apresentando baixa biodegradabilidade, devendo ser pre-tratado por um processo oxidativo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter um modelo neural em conjunto com analises estatisticas que representassem a degradacao do chorume in natura pelo processo foto-Fenton solar, em funcao da reducao da demanda quimica de oxigenio (DQO). Redes neurais apresentam-se como uma alternativa para a modelagem de processos nao-lineares como os processos oxidativos avancados, que envolvem um grande numero de variaveis de controle e complexas reacoes envolvidas. O processo fotocatalitico foi otimizado por um planejamento fatorial fracionado (24-1) em duplicata e triplicata no ponto central, sendo as variaveis de entrada em tres niveis: pH, radiacao solar e concentracoes de H2O2 e Fe2+. O sistema de tratamento em escala de bancada utilizou um reator batelada, com volume constante (3 L) de chorume, vazao 13 L min-1 e 2-h de reacao. A otimizacao do processo mostrou que o efeito individual de cada variavel de entrada deve operar em seu maior nivel, sendo que a variavel Fe2+ teve significância na forma combinada. A reducao percentual de DQO do melhor experimento foi de 88,7 %, sendo esta avaliada em um custo de R$ 126,67 m-3 de chorume. O processo de degradacao foi modelado via redes neurais feedforward backpropagation, com coeficientes de correlacao linear para os conjuntos de treinamento, validacao e teste acima de 0,9, indicando alta predicao e generalizacao do modelo neural proposto.
所研究的泥浆来自卡乔艾拉保利斯塔市，生物降解性较低，必须经过氧化工艺预处理。本研究的目的是建立一个神经模型，并进行统计分析，以描述在自然环境中通过太阳光fenton过程降解泥浆的功能，以降低化学需氧量(cod)。神经网络是非线性过程建模的一种替代方法，如高级氧化过程，涉及大量的控制变量和复杂的反应。光催化过程采用分数因子设计(24-1)，在中心点进行重复和三次，输入变量为pH、太阳辐射和H2O2和Fe2+浓度。台式处理系统采用间歇式反应器，泥浆体积恒定(3 L)，流量13 L min-1，反应时间2-h。工艺优化表明，各输入变量的个体效应应在其最高水平上发挥作用，其中Fe2+变量在组合形式下具有显著性。最佳试验的cod降低率为88.7%，成本为126.67 m-3雷亚尔。采用前馈反向传播神经网络对退化过程进行建模，训练、验证和检验集的线性相关系数大于0.9，表明所提出的神经模型具有较高的预测和推广性。
{"title":"Modelagem neural e análise estatística do processo de degradação de chorume por foto-Fenton solar","authors":"Alessandro Sampaio Cavalcanti, H. J. I. Filho, Oswaldo Luiz Cobra Guimarães, Adriano Francisco Siqueira","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1341","url":null,"abstract":"O chorume em estudo e oriundo da cidade de Cachoeira Paulista-SP, apresentando baixa biodegradabilidade, devendo ser pre-tratado por um processo oxidativo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter um modelo neural em conjunto com analises estatisticas que representassem a degradacao do chorume in natura pelo processo foto-Fenton solar, em funcao da reducao da demanda quimica de oxigenio (DQO). Redes neurais apresentam-se como uma alternativa para a modelagem de processos nao-lineares como os processos oxidativos avancados, que envolvem um grande numero de variaveis de controle e complexas reacoes envolvidas. O processo fotocatalitico foi otimizado por um planejamento fatorial fracionado (24-1) em duplicata e triplicata no ponto central, sendo as variaveis de entrada em tres niveis: pH, radiacao solar e concentracoes de H2O2 e Fe2+. O sistema de tratamento em escala de bancada utilizou um reator batelada, com volume constante (3 L) de chorume, vazao 13 L min-1 e 2-h de reacao. A otimizacao do processo mostrou que o efeito individual de cada variavel de entrada deve operar em seu maior nivel, sendo que a variavel Fe2+ teve significância na forma combinada. A reducao percentual de DQO do melhor experimento foi de 88,7 %, sendo esta avaliada em um custo de R$ 126,67 m-3 de chorume. O processo de degradacao foi modelado via redes neurais feedforward backpropagation, com coeficientes de correlacao linear para os conjuntos de treinamento, validacao e teste acima de 0,9, indicando alta predicao e generalizacao do modelo neural proposto.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"89-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70663519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. C. O. Júnior, Michael Keller, J. F. Ramos, T. P. Beldini, Patrick M. Crill, P. B. Camargo, Joost L M Van Haren
{"title":"Análise química da água de chuva incidente e interceptada na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Belterra, Pará, Brasil","authors":"R. C. O. Júnior, Michael Keller, J. F. Ramos, T. P. Beldini, Patrick M. Crill, P. B. Camargo, Joost L M Van Haren","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"263-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priscilla Fracalossi Riguetti, C. Cardoso, A. A. Cavalheiro, E. Lenzi, Antonio Rogério Fiorucci, Margarete Soares da Silva
This study analyzed concentrations of manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury and chrome in leachate samples collected in the landfill of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Samples from two ponds were taken, one undergoing aerobic treatment and the other undergoing anaerobic treatment. Four collections were made between 2012 and 2013, during dry seasons and rainy seasons. Metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption
{"title":"Manganês, zinco, cádmio, chumbo, mercúrio e crômio no chorume de aterro sanitário em Dourados, MS, Brasil","authors":"Priscilla Fracalossi Riguetti, C. Cardoso, A. A. Cavalheiro, E. Lenzi, Antonio Rogério Fiorucci, Margarete Soares da Silva","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1538","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed concentrations of manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury and chrome in leachate samples collected in the landfill of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Samples from two ponds were taken, one undergoing aerobic treatment and the other undergoing anaerobic treatment. Four collections were made between 2012 and 2013, during dry seasons and rainy seasons. Metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Roman, J. Carvalho, L. F. C. Nascimento, Ana Cristina Gobbo César
This study used a mathematical model to associate estimated concentrations of air pollutants with respiratory diseases. Admission data were obtained from Datasus relating to the hospitalization of residents in Taubate due to respiratory diseases between 08/01/2011 and 07/31/2012. Values of the estimated air pollutant concentrations (CO, PM2.5, O3, NOx) were provided by the CATT-BRAMS (CPTEC-INPE) mathematical model. Daily data regarding temperature and relative humidity were obtained from CPTEC-INPE and used to calculate the apparent temperature, and then used to adjust the multipollutant model. The analysis used the generalized additive model Poisson regression, and lags of zero to five days. Three hundred and fifty two admissions occurred during the period analyzed. Exposures to oxides of nitrogen in the one day lag showed RR=1.046 (95% CI: 1.015-1.079) and at four days lag showed a RR=1.054 (95% CI: 1.054-1.196). The risk of hospitalization increases up to 17% when the concentrations of oxides of nitrogen increase by the amount of 3µg/m3. The use of estimated data by mathematical model identified an association between exposure to air pollutants and hospitalization due to respiratory diseases, validating the use of this model in cities where there are no air pollutant measuring stations.
{"title":"Efeitos de poluentes do ar e doenças respiratórias utilizando dados estimados por modelo matemático","authors":"V. Roman, J. Carvalho, L. F. C. Nascimento, Ana Cristina Gobbo César","doi":"10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1592","url":null,"abstract":"This study used a mathematical model to associate estimated concentrations of air pollutants with respiratory diseases. Admission data were obtained from Datasus relating to the hospitalization of residents in Taubate due to respiratory diseases between 08/01/2011 and 07/31/2012. Values of the estimated air pollutant concentrations (CO, PM2.5, O3, NOx) were provided by the CATT-BRAMS (CPTEC-INPE) mathematical model. Daily data regarding temperature and relative humidity were obtained from CPTEC-INPE and used to calculate the apparent temperature, and then used to adjust the multipollutant model. The analysis used the generalized additive model Poisson regression, and lags of zero to five days. Three hundred and fifty two admissions occurred during the period analyzed. Exposures to oxides of nitrogen in the one day lag showed RR=1.046 (95% CI: 1.015-1.079) and at four days lag showed a RR=1.054 (95% CI: 1.054-1.196). The risk of hospitalization increases up to 17% when the concentrations of oxides of nitrogen increase by the amount of 3µg/m3. The use of estimated data by mathematical model identified an association between exposure to air pollutants and hospitalization due to respiratory diseases, validating the use of this model in cities where there are no air pollutant measuring stations.","PeriodicalId":38374,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ambiente e Agua","volume":"10 1","pages":"825-831"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4136/AMBI-AGUA.1592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70664922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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