SAE Technical Papers最新文献

Design and Thermal Analysis of Battery Thermal Management System for EV 电动汽车电池热管理系统的设计与热分析

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0087

Sadhasivam Deepan Kumar, Vishnu Ramesh Kumar R, Devadoss Dinesh Kumar, R Manojkumar, Tamilselvan A, Boopathi M, Lokesh C

Controlling thermal dissipation by operating components in car batteries requires a heat management design that is of utmost importance. As a proactive cooling method, the usage of PCM (Phase Change Materials) to regulate battery module temperature is suggested. Even at lower flow rates, liquid cooling has a heat transfer coefficient that is 1.5–3 times better. The rate of global cell production has increased today from 4,000 to 100,000 cells per day. Future-proof Li (metal) battery chemistry with a 3x increase in energy density. Ineffective thermal management of the battery is the root of the issue. In order to optimise battery modules, it is important to identify likely failure modes and causes. The medium used to carry heat from the battery over its passage duration at various operating temperatures is a variety of phase-change materials. The latent heat is significant, and many vegetable fats derived from fatty acids are more effective than salt hydrates and paraffin. Melting temperatures range between -30 and 150 degrees Celsius. As a result of optimisation, the root mean square temperature between batteries was reduced by 13.3% when compared to the primary battery temperature control system. In our work, we describe techniques for enhancing temperature uniformity and cooling in a simple pack battery. Four distinct battery pack combinations are in the works. In the first concept, an intake plenum is added to a standard battery pack. In the second design, jet inlets are integrated with the inlet plenum, and multiple vortex generators are included with the inlet plenum in the third configuration. Finally, the battery pack in the fourth iteration contains an intake plenum, jet inlets, and many vortex generators. The results reveal that integrating an intake plenum, several vortex generators, and jet inlets in the same design yielded significant improvements. According to the findings, the maximum temperature of the battery pack is reduced by 5%, and the temperature differential between the greatest and lowest temperatures recorded by the battery pack is reduced by 21.5 percent.

div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">控制汽车电池运行部件的散热需要一个热管理设计，这是至关重要的。作为一种主动冷却方法，建议使用相变材料(PCM)来调节电池模块温度。即使在较低的流量，液体冷却的传热系数是1.5-3倍。如今，全球细胞产量已从每天4000个增加到10万个。未来的锂(金属)电池化学，能量密度增加3倍。电池的热管理无效是问题的根源。为了优化电池模块，确定可能的故障模式和原因非常重要。在不同的工作温度下，用于从电池传递热量的介质是各种相变材料。潜热是显著的，许多从脂肪酸中提取的植物脂肪比盐水合物和石蜡更有效。熔化温度在-30到150摄氏度之间。优化的结果是，与主电池温度控制系统相比，电池之间的均方根温度降低了13.3%。在我们的工作中，我们描述了在一个简单的电池组中提高温度均匀性和冷却的技术。四种不同的电池组组合正在开发中。在第一个概念中，一个进气室被添加到一个标准的电池组。在第二种设计中，喷气入口与进口静压室集成，在第三种配置中，进口静压室包含多个涡发生器。最后，第四次迭代的电池组包含一个进气室、喷气入口和许多涡发生器。结果表明，在相同的设计中集成一个进气室、几个涡发生器和喷气进气道产生了显着的改进。根据研究结果，电池组的最高温度降低了5%，电池组记录的最高温度和最低温度之间的温差降低了21.5%。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Multi-Objective Optimization of Laser Cutting Process on Al 7075 Metal Matrix Composites for Automobile Applications 汽车用铝7075金属基复合材料激光切割工艺的多目标优化

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0077

S. Leela Prasanna Lakshmi, K Prahlada Rao

Aluminum is preferred as a material for matrix composites due to its high technical characteristics and low density. Due to its stiffness, specific strength, and wear resistance, MMCs are being widely used in various automotive applications. Due to its high strength and toughness, Al 7075 is a widely used heat treatable aluminum alloy. It is also used in the car and aerospace industries. B4C is a highly attractive reinforcing material due to its thermal and chemical stability. Compared to other reinforcements such as SiC and Al2O3, B4C has a higher hardness and lower density. The proposed technique is based on the L27 orthogonal array design of Taguchi. The laser cutting process was designed to optimize the input parameters of the given process, such as the cutting speed, pulse width, and frequency. The two response parameters, the surface roughness and the MRR, were then analyzed using the ANFIS technique. It was also used to find the optimal set of parameters while dealing with the uncertainty of the data.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">铝因其高技术特性和低密度而成为基复合材料的首选材料。由于其刚度、比强度和耐磨性，mmc在各种汽车应用中得到广泛应用。由于其高强度和韧性，Al 7075是一种广泛使用的热处理铝合金。它也用于汽车和航空航天工业。由于其热稳定性和化学稳定性，B4C是一种非常有吸引力的增强材料。与SiC和Al2O3等增强材料相比，B4C具有较高的硬度和较低的密度。该技术基于田口的L27正交阵列设计。设计了激光切割工艺，优化了给定工艺的输入参数，如切割速度、脉冲宽度和频率。然后使用ANFIS技术分析了两个响应参数，即表面粗糙度和MRR。在处理数据的不确定性的同时，它也被用来寻找最优的参数集。</div></div>

引用次数: 0

Effect of Temperature on Synchronizer Ring Performance 温度对同步器环性能的影响

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0054

Barathi Raja K, Aneesh Kumar

The brass synchronizers are not resistant to abusive conditions of gearbox operations, but they are very durable and cheap when used on their favorable material property working limit. The main failure which can occur in the gearbox due to the synchronizer is crash noise. During gear shifting the gear crash will create high discomfort for the driver and must apply high force to change the gears. The main factors which contribute to the crash phenomenon are the insufficient coefficient of friction, high drag in the system, and high wear rate of the synchronizer rings before the intended design life of the synchronizer.

The brass synchronizers were tested on the SSP-180, ZF synchronizer test rig to know the effect of the synchronizer performance parameters like the coefficient of friction, sleeve force, slipping time as well as durability parameters like wear rate when the operating temperature of the oil is changed. This study will help to predict the impulse behavior, surface pressure, and power of the brass material and oil for enhancing the endurance life of the synchronizer.

The effect of gearbox oil drag induced on the synchronizer system in different temperature conditions is also studied in this research work. This helps to reduce the contribution of the drivetrain losses of the gearbox, and it will also give the better shift quality. The wear rate analysis makes it possible to predict the warranty life of the gearbox in the design phase itself. In the case of shift quality, it was identified that the presence of the drag is creating the speed difference between the gear and synchronizer hub. This is creating a gear clash noise when shifted at a slow speed. The data was captured at low temperatures and high temperatures. It was found that the increase in the temperature helps in reducing the drag locally which allows smoother gear shift without speed difference.

<div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">黄铜同步器不能抵抗齿轮箱操作的恶劣条件，但在其良好的材料性能工作极限下使用时，它们非常耐用和便宜。由于同步器的原因，变速箱中可能发生的主要故障是碰撞噪声。在换档过程中，齿轮碰撞会给驾驶员带来很大的不适，必须施加很大的力来换档。造成碰撞现象的主要因素是摩擦系数不足、系统阻力大、同步器环未达到预期设计寿命时磨损率高。在SSP-180、ZF同步器试验台上对铜同步器进行了试验，了解了摩擦系数、套筒力、同步器性能参数对同步器性能的影响。当油的工作温度发生变化时，滑动时间和磨损率等耐久性参数。本研究将有助于预测黄铜材料和油的冲击行为、表面压力和功率，以提高同步器的寿命。本研究还研究了不同温度条件下齿轮箱油阻力对同步器系统的影响。这有助于减少变速箱传动系统损失的贡献，也将提供更好的换档质量。通过对齿轮箱磨损率的分析，可以在设计阶段就预测齿轮箱的使用寿命。在换挡质量的情况下，确定了阻力的存在正在产生齿轮和同步器轮毂之间的速度差异。当低速换挡时，这会产生齿轮碰撞噪音。数据是在低温和高温下采集的。研究发现，温度的升高有助于减少局部阻力，从而使换档更平稳，没有速度差。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental Investigation of Plastic Pyrolysis Oil in DI Diesel Engine to Analyze Performance and Emission Characteristics 塑料热解油在直喷式柴油机上的试验研究及其性能和排放特性分析

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0062

Jilse Sebastian, Sachin Jose, Anandhu Vijayakumar

Disposal of non-biodegradable plastic waste is one of the major hindrances for many countries. The research works in area of plastic waste management expands almost like every day. The conversion of waste to energy recovery is one of the promising techniques found to manage the waste plastic. Waste plastics have the dominating factor for fuel production since they have good heat of combustion and also their growing availability. The present work examines the potential of using blends of plastic oil (PO) with diesel in a direct injection diesel engine. The plastic oil is synthesized through pyrolysis process from mixed plastic waste, which has got more potential for scalable implementations. The present work includes the production of PO, characterization of the produced PO, performance and emission testing in a single cylinder four stroke VCR multi fuel engine. The engine is fueled with blends of plastic oil with diesel. Four blends of plastic oil with diesel (5% PO, 10% PO, 15% PO and 20% PO) are prepared on a volumetric basis. The test results show that brake thermal efficiency of blends is lower compared to diesel. Yet 10% PO shows similar performance to that of diesel fueled operation. The regulated emissions are reduced considerably when compared to Diesel fueling. Among all the test compositions, 10% PO shows better emission characteristics. 10% PO shows lower unburned hydrocarbon, CO, CO₂ and smoke compared to other test fuels.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">处理不可生物降解的塑料废物是许多国家面临的主要障碍之一。塑料垃圾管理领域的研究工作几乎每天都在扩大。废物转化为能源回收是一种很有前途的处理废塑料的技术。废塑料是燃料生产的主要因素，因为它们具有良好的燃烧热，而且它们的可用性也越来越高。目前的工作考察了在直喷柴油机中使用塑料油(PO)与柴油的混合物的潜力。以混合塑料废弃物为原料，采用热解法合成塑料油，具有较大的规模化应用潜力。本文的工作内容包括:环氧丙烷的生产、性能表征、单缸四冲程VCR多燃料发动机的性能和排放测试。这台发动机的燃料是塑料油和柴油的混合物。以体积为基础制备了四种塑料油与柴油的混合物(5% PO, 10% PO, 15% PO和20% PO)。试验结果表明，混合燃料的制动热效率比柴油低。然而，10%的PO表现出与柴油燃料运行相似的性能。与柴油燃料相比，规定的排放大大减少。在所有测试成分中，10%的PO表现出较好的发射特性。10% PO表现出较低的未燃烃、CO、CO<sub>2</sub>与其他测试燃料相比。</div> /div>

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引用次数: 0

Machinability Investigations on Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Using Taguchi Method for Auto Parts 田口法加工汽车零件Ti-6Al-4V(5级)线材的可加工性研究

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0144

Thejasree Pasupuleti, Manikandan Natarajan, Lakshmi Narasimhamu Katta, Lakshmi Narayana Somsole, Jothi Kiruthika, R Silambarasan

Titanium alloys are deemed as one amongst the light weight material most preferably adopted in numerous engineering applications due to its exceptional features such as corrosive resistance and thermal strength. These alloys are predominantly used in components of IC engines such as valves and springs, connecting rods. Especially Ti-Grade 5 adopted in aircraft, automobile parts ski plates and bicycles. The preliminary goal of this present research is to optimize the machining variables for Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) of Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) to accomplish improved rate of material removal and surface finish. Taguchi’s design and analysis method was chosen for devising and examining the experiments by considering input factors (pulse duration and current). An L9 OA was utilized for experimentation to analyze the various output variables, such as surface finish and material removal rate, using the response analysis of Taguchi. ANOVA and interaction analysis also performed to reveal the significance of factors and their interaction effects. The findings of this explorative analysis will helpful for the manufactures to improve the machining performance.

><div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">钛合金由于其特殊的特性，如耐腐蚀性和热强度，被认为是众多工程应用中最理想采用的轻质材料之一。这些合金主要用于集成电路发动机的部件，如阀门和弹簧，连杆。特别适用于飞机、汽车零部件、滑雪板、自行车等。本研究的初步目标是优化Ti-6Al-4V(5级)线切割加工(WEDM)的加工变量，以提高材料去除率和表面光洁度。考虑输入因素(脉冲持续时间和电流)，采用田口的设计分析方法设计和检验实验。利用L9 OA进行实验，利用田口响应分析法分析各种输出变量，如表面光洁度和材料去除率。方差分析(ANOVA)和交互作用分析(interaction analysis)揭示了各因素及其交互作用的显著性。这一探索性分析的结果将有助于制造商提高加工性能。

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引用次数: 0

CFD Analysis of Fuel Tank to Reduce Liquid Sloshing 减少液体晃动的油箱CFD分析

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0084

Prasad Nallanukala, Lokavarapu Bhaskara Rao, Sainath Alampally, Sayan Biswas, Prathamesh Dehadray

This paper demonstrates the sloshing phenomena of a cylindrical tank with and without baffles. The main objective of this study is to design baffles of different configurations to reduce sloshing in a cylindrical tank partially filled with gasoil-liquid subjected to only longitudinal acceleration and deceleration. Two different baffle designs have been introduced in the present study. A 3-D transient analysis of a cylindrical tank was carried out using ANSYS-FLUENT with and without baffles. Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was used to study the free surface profile of the fluid in the considered tank. Pressure distribution, velocity distribution and force distribution have been studied in the present study. It has been observed that the new design of baffle was able to reduce sloshing effectively.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">本文演示了带挡板和不带挡板的圆柱形水箱的晃动现象。本研究的主要目的是设计不同结构的挡板，以减少部分填充汽油-液体的圆柱形罐在纵向加减速作用下的晃动。本文介绍了两种不同的挡板设计。采用ANSYS-FLUENT软件对某圆柱形储罐进行了三维瞬态分析。采用流体体积法(Volume of Fluid, VOF)研究了所考虑的储罐内流体的自由表面分布。本文研究了压力分布、速度分布和力分布。经观察，新设计的挡板能有效地减少晃动。</div> /div>

引用次数: 0

Evolution of Regression and Neural Network Models on Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of Nickel Based Superalloy 镍基高温合金电火花加工的回归与神经网络模型演化

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0078

Manikandan Natarajan, Thejasree Pasupuleti, Lakshmi Narasimhamu Katta, Jothi Kiruthika, R Silambarasan, Gowthami Kotapati

In addition to traditional methods, there are also non-traditional techniques that can be used to overcome the challenges of conventional metal working. One such technique is wire electrical discharge (WEDM). This type of advanced manufacturing process involves making complex shapes using materials. Utilizing intelligent tools can help a company meet its goals. Nickel is a hard metal to machine for various applications such as nuclear, automobile and aerospace. Due its high thermal conductivity and strength, traditional methods are not ideal when it comes to producing components using this material. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the various steps in the development of a neural network model for the manufacturing of Inconel 625 alloy which is used for specific applications such as exhaust couplings in sports motor vehicle engines. The study was conducted using a combination of computational and experimental methods. It was then used to develop an index that measures the correlation between various process variables. After analyzing the results of the study, a set of equations was then created to forecast the future performance of a manufacturing process. The parameters used in the study were then updated to create a new multi-performance index prediction model. The results of the study were then used to develop an equation set that can be utilized to forecast the future performance. A comparative analysis was performed between the two sets of equations. After analyzing the results, the neural network model was found to perform better than the multi-performance index.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">除了传统的方法外，还有一些非传统的技术可以用来克服传统金属加工的挑战。其中一种技术是线切割(WEDM)。这种先进的制造工艺包括使用材料制造复杂的形状。利用智能工具可以帮助公司实现其目标。镍是一种硬金属，可用于各种用途，如核能、汽车和航空航天。由于其高导热性和强度，传统方法在使用这种材料生产组件时并不理想。本文的目的是提供一个全面的分析，在开发一个神经网络模型的各个步骤，为制造英科乃尔625合金，用于特定的应用，如排气联轴器在运动汽车发动机。本研究采用计算与实验相结合的方法进行。然后，它被用来开发一个指数，衡量各种过程变量之间的相关性。在分析了研究结果之后，建立了一组方程来预测制造过程的未来性能。然后更新研究中使用的参数，以创建新的多性能指标预测模型。研究结果被用来建立一个方程集，可以用来预测未来的表现。对两组方程进行了比较分析。通过对结果的分析，发现神经网络模型的性能优于多性能指标。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Application of Grey Taguchi Method for Optimization of EDM Process Parameters on Stir Casted Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites 灰色田口法在搅拌铸造铝杂化金属基复合材料电火花加工工艺参数优化中的应用

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0152

K.Lakshmi Kala, R L Krupakaran, Vidyasagar Reddy Gangula, Hariprasad Tarigonda, Raghurami Reddy Doddipalli, B. Vishnu Vardhan Naidu, Damodara Reddy

Composites made of aluminium and other materials are now essential materials for a variety of engineering tasks, including those in the automotive industry. The present work reports on the machinability studies of Al 6061 hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMC). For the investigation, Al6061 alloy is reinforced with Boron carbide and Graphene nanoparticles (GNp) and the hybrid composite was prepared by stir casting under suitable conditions. The Electrical discharge machining (EDM), advanced machining process, was chosen to machine HMMC as it is difficult to machine by conventional machining. EDM machinablity studies were done on stir casted Al-B₄C-GNP composites. The optimization of EDM process parameters were carried out using L27 orthogonal approach with input parameters such as pulse on time, pulse off time and peak current for the response of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness. To identify the significance of parameters on measured responses, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been done using Grey-Taguchi method and the most influential parameters for the output responses were determined.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">由铝和其他材料制成的复合材料现在是各种工程任务的必要材料，包括汽车工业中的工程任务。本文报道了Al - 6061杂化金属基复合材料(HMMC)的可加工性研究。在合适的条件下，采用搅拌铸造法制备了碳化硼和纳米石墨烯增强Al6061合金的复合材料。针对传统加工方法难以加工的特点，选择了先进的电火花加工方法来加工HMMC。对搅拌铸造Al-B<sub>4</sub>C-GNP复合材料进行了电火花加工性能研究。以脉冲开启时间、脉冲关闭时间和峰值电流为输入参数，采用L27正交法对电火花加工工艺参数进行优化，考察材料去除率和表面粗糙度的响应。为了确定参数对测量响应的显著性，采用gray - taguchi方法进行方差分析(ANOVA)，并确定对输出响应影响最大的参数。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Design, Modelling and Simulation of Adaptable Marine and Terrestrial Cleaner 适应性海洋和陆地清洁剂的设计、建模和仿真

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0165

V Sudhir Kumar, Balamurugan R, Thejasree Pasupuleti, Manikandan Natarajan

An oil spill refers to the accidental or deliberate release of petroleum or other petroleum-based products into the environment. These spills can occur on land or in water bodies, such as oceans, rivers, or lakes, and can have devastating impacts on the environment, wildlife, and human health. Oil spills can harm aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by contaminating water and soil, and by affecting the food chain. They can also cause economic losses, such as the loss of fisheries, tourism, and property values. Cleaning up oil spills can be a difficult and expensive process, and the effectiveness of the response can depend on various factors, such as the type and amount of oil spilled, weather conditions, and proximity to sensitive ecosystems. Preventing oil spills is critical to minimizing their impacts. This can be achieved through measures such as regular maintenance of oil transport and storage facilities, the use of double- hulled tankers, and the implementation of emergency response plans.

Additionally, reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and transitioning to cleaner sources of energy can help to decrease the risks of oil spills. We have given an ideal proposal to clear the oil spills in the marine region and in the seashore to avoid massive pollution in the ecosystem and to provide a clean environment. In our idea proposal, we have planned to combine the road cleaning system with the oil spill cleaning system, so that it can be used for dual purposes and to clean in an efficient manner. This proposed invention aims to combine the functions of both oil skimmers and road sweeper machines into a single machine. The machine will be capable of removing oil spills from water surfaces as well as collecting debris and dust from roads and other surfaces. The design will utilize existing technologies and adapt them for this combined purpose, resulting in a more efficient and cost-effective solution for environmental clean-up and maintenance. This work highlights the potential benefits of this innovation, including increased productivity and reduced environmental impact.

<div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">溢油是指石油或其他石油基产品意外或故意释放到环境中。这些泄漏可能发生在陆地上或水体中，如海洋、河流或湖泊，并可能对环境、野生动物和人类健康产生破坏性影响。石油泄漏会污染水和土壤，并影响食物链，从而损害水生和陆地生态系统。它们还会造成经济损失，如渔业、旅游业和财产价值的损失。清理溢油是一个困难而昂贵的过程，而响应的有效性取决于各种因素，如溢油的类型和数量、天气条件以及与敏感生态系统的接近程度。防止石油泄漏对减少其影响至关重要。这可以通过定期维护石油运输和储存设施、使用双壳油轮和实施应急计划等措施来实现。此外，减少我们对化石燃料的依赖并向更清洁的能源过渡有助于减少石油泄漏的风险。我们提出了一个理想的建议，以清除海洋地区和海岸的石油泄漏，避免对生态系统的大规模污染，提供一个清洁的环境。在我们的构想建议中，我们计划将道路清洁系统与溢油清洁系统结合起来，使其可以一举两得，并能有效地进行清洁。本发明的目的是将撇油机和道路清扫机的功能组合成一台机器。该机器将能够清除水面上的溢油，并收集道路和其他表面的碎片和灰尘。该设计将利用现有的技术，并使其适应这一综合目的，从而为环境清理和维护提供更有效和更具成本效益的解决方案。这项工作强调了这项创新的潜在好处，包括提高生产率和减少对环境的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Design Optimization of Solar Energy Harvesting Using Perovskite Solar Cell for Electric Vehicles Using Finite Element Method 基于有限元法的电动汽车钙钛矿太阳能电池太阳能收集优化设计

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0095

Geetha P

Excellent charge-carrier mobilities and life time of perovskite materials enables it with exceptional light absorption capacity. This provides improved device potential and performance with low-cost commercially feasible technology. The challenges towards handling the perovskite cells are its strength and its environmentally compatible property. Resolving these issues leads perovskite-based technology to hold an innovative potential for quick terawatt-scale solar power distribution. In this line, Organic Photovoltaic is a fast developing PV technology with improved the cell efficiency and life time performance. As organic Photovoltaic cell is available in mulit-colours and can be used to build transparent devices, it finds its application in building-integrated Organic Photovoltaic fair. Optimization of device physics, charge-transport methods, charge-separation procedures, and interfacial effects, would enable the development of stable, more effective device architectures. In this direction, multi-physics simulation software based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to determine the electrical performance of the device. It is constructed on materials with enhanced energy-level orientation, spectrum responsiveness, and carrier transport properties, leading to the design of more effective, reliable device architectures. In this work, hybrid perovskite semiconductor based 2D Organic Photovoltaic cell is developed using finite element method that can be applied on the roof of the electric vehicles for photo energy generation.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">钙钛矿材料优良的载流子迁移率和寿命使其具有优异的光吸收能力。这提供了提高设备的潜力和性能与低成本的商业可行的技术。处理钙钛矿电池的挑战在于它的强度和环境相容性。解决这些问题使得基于钙钛矿的技术在快速太瓦级太阳能发电方面具有创新潜力。在这方面，有机光伏是一种快速发展的光伏技术，提高了电池效率和寿命性能。由于有机光伏电池有多种颜色可供选择，并可用于建造透明装置，因此在建筑集成有机光伏博览会中得到了应用。器件物理、电荷传输方法、电荷分离程序和界面效应的优化，将使稳定、更有效的器件体系结构的发展成为可能。在此方向上，采用基于有限元法(FEM)的多物理场仿真软件来确定器件的电气性能。它构建在具有增强的能级取向、频谱响应性和载流子输运特性的材料上，从而设计出更有效、更可靠的器件架构。在这项工作中，采用有限元方法开发了基于混合钙钛矿半导体的二维有机光伏电池，该电池可应用于电动汽车车顶进行光能发电。

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引用次数: 0