SAE Technical Papers最新文献_第3页

An Assessment of Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Diesel-Bio Butanol Blends Enhanced with Castor Oil for Properties 蓖麻油增强柴油-生物丁醇混合燃料压缩点火发动机性能评价

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0107

Prabakaran B

Bio-butanol addition into diesel for utilization as fuel is an attractive attempt by most researchers. However, the usage of bio-butanol decreases the essential properties of the final blend significantly. This is study is to overcome this limitation by addition of castor oil into the base blend (containing 20% bio-butanol) by enhancing the properties. The study starts with the addition of castor oil (1% to 10%) and testing the properties. One blend is chosen by comparing the properties considering diesel fuel properties. The result depicts the blend of bio-butanol with 10% and 15% of castor oil is found suitable and this blend produces higher thermal efficiency, lower oxides of nitrogen and smoke, and higher heat release and pressure when fueled in the engine at higher brake powers. However, this blend produces higher hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide at low brake power. This study enhances the use of utilization of biobutanol blends in the engine for a long-term duration as the kinematic viscosity is competent to diesel fuel which lowers the friction in the parts of the engine. 20BB80D COBD 10 and 20BB80D COBD 15 produce 8.3% and 5.2% which are slightly low EGT by taking the reference values of diesel. Maximum pressure when fueling with 20BB80D COBD 10 and 20BB80D COBD 15 are low by 3.1% and 1.8% while comparing the diesel values Emissions of oxides of nitrogen are found to be significantly low by 13.2% and 3.4% and the smoke emissions are high by 10.2% and 3.2% (comparing diesel values). Also, the saving of fossil fuel resources through the decrease in imports is significant. There is no modifications necessary in the engine to use this blend.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">在柴油中添加生物丁醇作为燃料是大多数研究者的一项有吸引力的尝试。然而，生物丁醇的使用显著降低了最终混合物的基本性能。本研究是通过在基础混合物(含20%生物丁醇)中添加蓖麻油来提高性能，从而克服这一限制。这项研究首先加入蓖麻油(1%到10%)并测试其性能。通过比较柴油的性能，选择一种混合燃料。结果表明，生物丁醇与10%和15%蓖麻油的混合物是合适的，这种混合物可以产生更高的热效率，更低的氮氧化物和烟雾，当发动机在更高的制动功率下加油时，热量释放和压力更高。然而，这种混合物在低制动功率下产生更高的碳氢化合物和一氧化碳。该研究提高了生物丁醇混合物在发动机中长期使用的利用率，因为其运动粘度与柴油燃料相当，从而降低了发动机部件的摩擦。20BB80D COBD 10和20BB80D COBD 15分别产生8.3%和5.2%的EGT，以柴油参考值计算，EGT略低。使用20BB80D cobd10和20BB80D cobd15加油时的最大压力比柴油值低3.1%和1.8%，氮氧化物排放量明显低13.2%和3.4%，烟雾排放量高10.2%和3.2%(与柴油值相比)。此外，通过减少进口来节省化石燃料资源是非常重要的。使用此混合无需在引擎中进行任何修改。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Parallel Scheduling of Machines and Tools without Tool Delay Using Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm 基于共生生物搜索算法的无刀具延迟的机床并行调度

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0142

Padma Lalitha Mareddy, Vishnu Vardhan Reddy D, Lakshmi Narasimhamu Katta, Narapureddy Siva Rami Reddy

This work presents a novel approach for parallel scheduling of machines and tools without tool delay in the automobile manufacturing industry using a symbiotic organisms search algorithm (SOSA). This paper proposes nonlinear mixed integer programming (MIP) formulation to model simultaneous scheduling problems. The mutualistic relationship between different species in nature inspires the proposed algorithm. It aims to optimize the scheduling process by minimizing the makespan (MSN) while ensuring no tool delay during the production process. The algorithm is implemented in a parallel computing environment to speed up the search process and handle scheduling problems. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency. This work offers a promising solution for real-world manufacturing scheduling problems with multiple machines and tools, often characterized by complex constraints and uncertainties.

><div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">本研究提出了一种利用共生生物搜索算法(SOSA)实现汽车制造业中无刀具延迟的机床和刀具并行调度的新方法。本文提出了非线性混合整数规划(MIP)公式来模拟同步调度问题。自然界中不同物种之间的共生关系激发了我们提出算法的灵感。它旨在通过最小化最大生产时间(MSN)来优化调度过程，同时确保在生产过程中没有工具延迟。该算法在并行计算环境下实现，以加快搜索过程和处理调度问题。实验结果表明，该方法在求解质量和计算效率方面优于现有方法。这项工作为现实世界中多机器和工具的制造调度问题提供了一个有希望的解决方案，这些问题通常具有复杂的约束和不确定性。

引用次数: 0

Performance Investigation on Diesel Engine Powered by Ternary Blends of Linseed and Calophyllum Inophyllum Methyl Esters 亚麻籽与芥叶甲酯三元共混物柴油发动机性能研究

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0061

Selvan P, Sudalaiyandi Kandasamy, Nagarajan J, Jones Joseph Jebaraj Dharmaraj

The current research is focused on combining two different biodiesels made from different sources. The goal is to take advantage of the benefits of both biodiesels. The problem being addressed is that biodiesels have lower performance and higher emissions compared to regular diesel. The study looks at using a blend of diesel fuel, Linseed oil methyl ester (LOME), and Calophyllum inophyllum methyl esters (CIME) in a single-cylinder diesel engine to evaluate performance and emissions. The biodiesels were made using a trans-esterification process from prestained oil. The blends were labeled B0, B5, B10, B15, and B20. B5 demonstrated the best performance with increased Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC). The B5 blend had a maximum increase in BTE of 3.92% compared to diesel fuel, and a decrease in BSFC of 10% compared to diesel (B0). The LOME/CIME blend lowered NOx emissions by 6.15% with B5 blend at full load conditions. This suggests that the use of ternary blends such as calophyllum inoplyllum biodiesel and linseed biodiesel can combine the advantages of different feedstocks and be a good alternative fuel option for high-compression engines.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">目前的研究重点是将来自不同来源的两种不同的生物柴油结合起来。目标是利用这两种生物柴油的优势。目前正在解决的问题是，与普通柴油相比，生物柴油的性能更低，排放更高。该研究着眼于在单缸柴油发动机中使用柴油燃料、亚麻籽油甲酯(LOME)和茶树甲酯(CIME)的混合物，以评估性能和排放。生物柴油是用预渍油的反式酯化工艺制备的。共混物被标记为B0、B5、B10、B15和B20。B5在提高制动热效率(BTE)和降低制动比油耗(BSFC)方面表现出最佳性能。与柴油(B0)相比，B5混合燃料的BTE最大提高了3.92%，BSFC最大降低了10%。在满负荷工况下，LOME/CIME混合物与B5混合物相比降低了6.15%的氮氧化物排放量。这表明，使用甘嫩叶生物柴油和亚麻籽生物柴油等三元混合物可以结合不同原料的优点，成为高压缩发动机的良好替代燃料选择。

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引用次数: 0

Static Inductive Wireless Charging Station for Electric Vehicle 电动汽车静电感应无线充电站

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0102

Rajarajeswari R, Praveena V, Suchitra D

Electric vehicles play a huge part in today’s transportation system and their increased use would rid us the downfalls of conventional vehicles. A part integral to this overhaul of EVs is the implementation of wireless charging station. It is necessary to set up a wide range of charging networks in a user-friendly environment in order to facilitate the adoption of electric transportation. As a result, the main goal of this work is to present a viable substitute solution that uses Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology to charge electric vehicles (EVs) without any plug-in issues. This work proposes on a static wireless power transfer technology for Electric Vehicles. A high-efficiency wireless power transfer system for electric vehicles is virtually designed using matlab with a maximum power point tracking for solar panel, DC-DC and AC-DC converter. A scaled down version of the prototype for the same is built with more environmental friendly solar power supplied wireless charging and tested to verify the feasibility and the proposed design. This work highlights the potential of WPT as a solution to the challenges of EV charging infrastructure. The use of solar energy makes the charging process more sustainable, and the evaluation of transformer structures provides insights into how to optimize the charging process for future EV development. This charging station is designed for fast charging and to reduce carbon footprint. Ultimately, the work contributes to the goal of creating a cleaner, more sustainable transportation system

<div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">电动汽车在当今的交通系统中发挥着巨大的作用，越来越多的使用电动汽车将使我们摆脱传统汽车的缺点。电动汽车改革不可或缺的一部分是无线充电站的实施。为了方便电动交通的采用，有必要在友好的环境中建立广泛的充电网络。因此，这项工作的主要目标是提出一种可行的替代解决方案，使用无线电力传输(WPT)技术为电动汽车(ev)充电，而不存在任何插件问题。本文提出了一种用于电动汽车的静态无线电力传输技术。利用matlab虚拟设计了一种高效的电动汽车无线电力传输系统，并对太阳能电池板、DC-DC和AC-DC转换器进行了最大功率点跟踪。该原型机的缩小版采用更环保的太阳能供电无线充电，并进行了测试，以验证可行性和拟议的设计。这项工作凸显了WPT作为解决电动汽车充电基础设施挑战的潜力。太阳能的使用使充电过程更具可持续性，对变压器结构的评估为未来电动汽车的发展提供了如何优化充电过程的见解。该充电站设计用于快速充电和减少碳足迹。最终，这项工作有助于实现创建更清洁、更可持续的交通系统的目标</div> /div>

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引用次数: 0

Investigations on the Effects of Chemical Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Thespesia Lampas Fiber Reinforced Composites for Automobile Applications 化学处理对汽车用紫檀纤维增强复合材料力学性能影响的研究

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0121

Lakshmi Narayana Somsole, Manikandan Natarajan, Thejasree Pasupuleti, Anantha Krishna N, Lakshmi Narasimhamu Katta

In today's world, there is an increasing emphasis on the responsible use of fiber reinforced materials in the automobile applications, construction of buildings, machinery, and appliances as these materials are effectively reused, recycled, or disposed with minimum impact on the environment. As such, it has become mandatory to incorporate sustainable, environmental friendly and green concepts in the development of new materials and processes. The primary objective of this study is to manufacture composites using fibers obtained from Thespesia Lampas plants, which are known for their soft, long fibers that are commonly used in various domestic products. The composites are made by combining these fibers with a general purpose polyisocyanurate resin, and their potential applications in both domestic and commercial products are explored. To evaluate the properties of these composites, tests are conducted for tensile strength, flexure, and water absorption. The laminates are fabricated using both unidirectional and cross woven mats to assess its effect on the properties. In addition, the impact of NaOH treatment at different proportions on the properties of the fiber composites is also investigated. The laminates are fabricated using both unidirectional and cross woven mats to assess its effect on the properties. In addition, the impact of NaOH treatment at different proportions on the properties of the fiber composites is also investigated. The flexural strength of unidirectional treated (4% NaOH) fiber composites was found to be 216.75 MPa. Thespesia Lampas treated (4% NaOH) has a higher ultimate tensile strength of 27.85 MPa. Cross woven laminates have superior water absorption resistance than treated (4% NaOH) unidirectional fiber composite.

<div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">在当今世界，人们越来越强调在汽车应用、建筑施工、机械和电器中负责任地使用纤维增强材料，因为这些材料可以有效地重复使用、回收或处理，对环境的影响最小。因此，在新材料和新工艺的开发中，必须纳入可持续、环保和绿色的概念。本研究的主要目的是利用从兰帕斯植物中获得的纤维制造复合材料，这种植物以其柔软的长纤维而闻名，通常用于各种国内产品。将这些纤维与通用型多异氰脲酸酯树脂结合制成复合材料，并对其在国内和工业上的应用前景进行了探讨。为了评估这些复合材料的性能，进行了抗拉强度、挠度和吸水率的测试。层压板的制备采用单向和交叉编织垫，以评估其对性能的影响。此外，还研究了不同比例的NaOH处理对纤维复合材料性能的影响。层压板的制备采用单向和交叉编织垫，以评估其对性能的影响。此外，还研究了不同比例的NaOH处理对纤维复合材料性能的影响。单向处理(4% NaOH)纤维复合材料的抗弯强度为216.75 MPa。经4% NaOH处理的蓝柏具有较高的抗拉强度，达到27.85 MPa。交叉编织层叠板比处理过的(4% NaOH)单向纤维复合材料具有更好的吸水性能。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Austempered Ductile Iron, Green Design Alternative for Circular Economy 奥贝球墨铸铁，循环经济的绿色设计选择

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0134

Dinkar Nalawade, Pramaan Arcot, Rahul Khajure

In the current scenario, manufacturing of heavier products generates colossal waste, generates more CO₂ emission, and negatively affects the environment. Customers not only pay higher product costs but also higher operational costs. This in turn demands the need for more recycling. Advanced high strength materials are a key solution to applications demanding higher strength, stiffness, durability & wear requirement, whereas low density materials like aluminium and magnesium won’t be a sustainable choice. With more and more battery electric & fuel cell vehicles, “light weighting” is a key priority.

Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) has a great advantage of superior mechanical properties compared to conventional ductile iron, aluminium alloys and even some steel forgings. Typically, ADI is used for high wear applications, whereas this paper will demonstrate the potential of using ADI for Structural applications.

To display ADI’s potential on “light weight design”, an example of ‘Front Spring Anchorage’ is selected as a proof-of-concept. Analysis is carried out using Finite Element Method (FEM) on a redesigned component to validate its impact. Up to 40% reduction in weight is achieved on the component which greatly benefits commercial vehicles in terms of energy efficiency & cost. Overall, the paper will also exhibit ADI material’s contribution to concept of “sustainable design”, “circular economy” for a greener future.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">在目前的情况下，制造较重的产品会产生巨大的废物，产生更多的CO<sub>2</sub>排放，并对环境产生负面影响。客户不仅要支付更高的产品成本，还要支付更高的运营成本。这反过来又要求更多的回收利用。先进的高强度材料是对强度、刚度、耐久性要求更高的应用的关键解决方案。而像铝和镁这样的低密度材料不是可持续的选择。随着越来越多的电池电> > > > > >与传统的球墨铸铁、铝合金甚至一些钢锻件相比，奥贝球铁(ADI)具有优越的机械性能。通常，ADI用于高磨损应用，而本文将展示ADI在结构应用中的潜力。</div><div class="htmlview段落"> div class="htmlview段落">为了展示ADI在"轻量化设计"方面的潜力，我们选择了一个“前弹簧锚地”的例子作为概念验证。采用有限元法对重新设计的构件进行分析，验证其影响。该部件的重量减轻了40%，这大大有利于商用车的能源效率。成本。总体而言，论文还将展示ADI材料对“可持续设计”、“循环经济”概念的贡献，以实现更绿色的未来。</div> /div>

{"title":"Austempered Ductile Iron, Green Design Alternative for Circular Economy","authors":"Dinkar Nalawade, Pramaan Arcot, Rahul Khajure","doi":"10.4271/2023-28-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2023-28-0134","url":null,"abstract":"<div class=\"section abstract\"><div class=\"htmlview paragraph\">In the current scenario, manufacturing of heavier products generates colossal waste, generates more CO<sub>2</sub> emission, and negatively affects the environment. Customers not only pay higher product costs but also higher operational costs. This in turn demands the need for more recycling. Advanced high strength materials are a key solution to applications demanding higher strength, stiffness, durability &amp; wear requirement, whereas low density materials like aluminium and magnesium won’t be a sustainable choice. With more and more battery electric &amp; fuel cell vehicles, “light weighting” is a key priority.</div><div class=\"htmlview paragraph\">Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) has a great advantage of superior mechanical properties compared to conventional ductile iron, aluminium alloys and even some steel forgings. Typically, ADI is used for high wear applications, whereas this paper will demonstrate the potential of using ADI for Structural applications.</div><div class=\"htmlview paragraph\">To display ADI’s potential on “light weight design”, an example of ‘Front Spring Anchorage’ is selected as a proof-of-concept. Analysis is carried out using Finite Element Method (FEM) on a redesigned component to validate its impact. Up to 40% reduction in weight is achieved on the component which greatly benefits commercial vehicles in terms of energy efficiency &amp; cost. Overall, the paper will also exhibit ADI material’s contribution to concept of “sustainable design”, “circular economy” for a greener future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38377,"journal":{"name":"SAE Technical Papers","volume":" 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Investigation of Efficiency Enhancement of Manual Transmission Gearbox Synchronizer Rings for the Enrichment of Gearshift Quality 提高手动变速箱同步环效率以提高换档质量的实验研究

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0114

Barathi Raja K, Jibin Paul K

In developing countries, manual transmissions are leading the market due to their efficiency and low cost. In a manual transmission, the synchronizers play a vital role in defining the gear shift quality. Manual transmission vehicles are getting refined for a pleasant driving experience. The gear shift quality is one of the unique selling points for the vehicle, so the automakers are focusing on the reduction of the gear shift forces. In a manual transmission, the synchronizers are used to match the speed difference between the upstream and downstream inertia for the gear-shifting process. The synchronizers have conical friction surfaces to generate friction and cone torque. The increase in cone torque reduces the gear shift impulse. The cone torque can be increased with mismatch tolerance in the frictional surfaces. In this technique, two cone angles are used for the frictional surfaces. The applied force on the synchronizer tooth compresses the synchronizer ring and closes the non-uniform clearance between the frictional surfaces. This generates uniform surface pressure and increases the cone torque. The design is validated for the increase in cone torque using the synchronizer test rig. The mismatch tolerance increases the cone torque and reduces the synchronization time. Due to the mismatch, after the synchronization, the synchronizer ring tries to come back to its original position. This avoids the sticking of the synchronizer ring over the gear cone. This quickly reduces the gear shift forces after synchronization. The gear shift quality is validated on the vehicle using the Gear Shift Quality Analyzer. The results confirm that the mismatch tolerance enhances the gear shift quality more than the conventional method of tolerancing of the frictional surfaces.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">在发展中国家，手动变速器因其效率和低成本而引领市场。在手动变速器中，同步器在确定换挡质量方面起着至关重要的作用。手动变速器的车辆正在进行改进，以获得愉快的驾驶体验。换挡质量是一个独特的卖点，为车辆，所以汽车制造商的重点是减少换挡力。在手动变速器中，同步器用于匹配换挡过程中上游和下游惯性之间的速度差。同步器具有锥形摩擦面以产生摩擦和锥形扭矩。锥面扭矩的增加减少了换挡脉冲。通过增加摩擦面错配公差，可以增加锥面扭矩。在这种技术中，两个圆锥角用于摩擦表面。施加在同步器齿上的力压缩了同步器环，并关闭了摩擦表面之间的不均匀间隙。这产生了均匀的表面压力，增加了锥面扭矩。采用同步器试验台对该设计进行了验证，以提高锥面扭矩。错配容忍度增加了锥面扭矩，减少了同步时间。由于不匹配，同步后，同步器环试图回到原来的位置。这避免了同步器环粘在齿轮锥体上。这迅速减少了同步后的换挡力。使用换挡质量分析仪在车辆上验证换挡质量。结果证实，与传统的摩擦面公差方法相比，错配公差更能提高换挡质量。

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引用次数: 0

Design and Fabrication of FDM Adapter Head Setup for CNC Milling Machine 数控铣床FDM转接头机构的设计与制造

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0081

Sadhasivam Deepan Kumar, Balakrishnan S, Sathiskumar Saminathan, V Arun Raj, Sivaji Dhayaneethi, Soundrapandian E, B Veath Prakash

The 3D printing technology is an Additive Manufacturing process which is capable of producing the complex shapes. At present there is no other technologies integrating the 3D printing and the CNC machine, thus we adapting a new design of 3D printing setup for CNC machine with some special feature as extruder, it is based on the Fusion Deposition Modelling (FDM) process with the help of the parts like Extruder, Heat Bed, Arduino boards where we are going to design a head of the printer which is to be attached with the BT40 commonly used Tool holder for the CNC milling machines. This extruder plays a vital role in this CNC milling machine for producing 3D printed components of different material and different colour. And this setup is capable of printing high resolution and complex shapes with different material and different colour by means of the heated filament. The post processing process like milling and surface finish can also be done by the CNC Machine. This setup is cost effective.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph"> 3D打印技术是一种能够制造复杂形状的增材制造工艺。目前没有其他技术集成的3 d打印技术和数控机床,因此我们采用新设计的3 d打印设置为挤出机数控机床与一些特殊的功能,它是基于融合沉积造型(FDM)过程的帮助下部分像挤出机,热床,Arduino董事会,我们要设计一个头的打印机是连接BT40常用工具持有人的数控铣床。该挤出机在数控铣床中起着至关重要的作用，用于生产不同材料和不同颜色的3D打印部件。该装置能够通过加热灯丝打印不同材料和不同颜色的高分辨率和复杂形状。后处理过程，如铣削和表面处理也可以由数控机床完成。这种设置具有成本效益。</div>

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the Performance of DOC and SCR After-Treatment Devices Using Statistical Techniques and Heating Strategies 利用统计技术和加热策略提高DOC和SCR后处理装置的性能

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0128

Praveena V, Rajarajeswari R, Deborah Stephen

Exhaust gas emissions from compression ignition engines are the most hazardous contaminants to human beings as well as the atmosphere. This research work contributes to develop a combined technology that targets the reduction in HC, CO, smoke and NOx emissions collectively without any modification in engine fuel or injection strategy. Slight changes in the exhaust after- treatment system will help in meeting the goal of reduced standards. DOC and SCR devices fitted at the exhaust gas pipe reduces CO, HC, smoke, and NOx emissions produced by the CI engine. A combination of aluminum oxide- cerium oxide and iron oxide are used as SCR and DOC catalysts, whose preparation is done by impregnation method and their performance is tested on a SCR+DOC bed. The injection of aqueous urea solution is varied from 200 ml to 600 ml by intervals of 200 ml at different load conditions. Response parameters for various experiments are predicted using response surface methodology. Utilizing this novel combination of catalysts shows a reduction of 2.6% in CO, 2.2% in HC and 73.2% in NOx emissions. To enable the regeneration of catalysts, a heating strategy is implemented. This helps in replenishing the SCR and DOC bed which gets affected by repeated usage for a continuous period of time. The catalyst light-off temperature is reduced which overcomes the difficulty of operation in cold regions. A significant improvement in the after-treatment system is noticed by electrically heating the catalyst with an electrical power of 400 W. CO and HC emissions are reduced by 12.2% and 2.1% respectively.

<div class="section摘要"><div class="htmlview段落">压缩点火发动机排放的废气是对人类和大气危害最大的污染物。这项研究工作有助于开发一种综合技术，在不改变发动机燃料或喷射策略的情况下，共同减少HC、CO、烟雾和NOx的排放。废气后处理系统的细微变化将有助于达到降低标准的目标。安装在排气管上的DOC和SCR装置减少了CI发动机产生的CO, HC，烟雾和NOx排放。以氧化铝-氧化铈和氧化铁为催化剂，采用浸渍法制备了SCR和DOC催化剂，并在SCR+DOC床上进行了性能测试。在不同的负载条件下，尿素水溶液的注射量从200毫升到600毫升不等，间隔为200毫升。利用响应面法预测了各种实验的响应参数。使用这种新型催化剂组合，CO排放量减少2.6%，HC排放量减少2.2%，NOx排放量减少73.2%。为了实现催化剂的再生，采用了加热策略。这有助于补充SCR和DOC床，因为重复使用会影响连续一段时间。降低了催化剂的起燃温度，克服了在寒冷地区使用的困难。用400w的电加热催化剂后，后处理系统有了显著的改进。CO和HC排放量分别减少12.2%和2.1%。</div></div>

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引用次数: 0

Performance Investigation of Direct Injection Diesel Engine Characteristics Fuelled with Ternary Blends and Additive as Ethanol 以三元共混物及乙醇为燃料的直喷柴油机性能研究

Q3 Engineering

SAE Technical Papers

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.4271/2023-28-0125

Selvan P, Sudalaiyandi Kandasamy, Jones Joseph Jebaraj Dharmaraj

This study aims to examine the effectiveness and environmental impact of using linseed and jatropha oil as biodiesels in combination with diesel. These oils were transformed through a process called trans-esterification, and three blends of ethanol, biodiesel, and diesel were prepared in E10-B20, E15-B20, and E20-B20 configurations. Ethanol was added to improve the combustion properties. The performance of these novel blends was tested in a computerized single-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine to measure brake power and emissions. It was found that the ternary biodiesel mixtures produced lower NO_x and CO emissions than regular diesel fuel. In terms of performance, the E10-B20 blend reduced brake-specific fuel consumption and increased brake thermal efficiency by 6.1% to diesel. The E15-B20 blend showed a significant reduction of about 50% in unburnt hydrocarbons when compared to regular diesel at heavy load conditions. Additionally, the NOx value also decreased by 28.15% compared to the E15-B20 blend with regular diesel at heavy load conditions. These ternary blends have superior emission characteristics while maintaining comparable performance, making their use highly recommended.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview段落">本研究旨在考察亚麻籽和麻疯树油作为生物柴油与柴油结合使用的有效性和环境影响。这些油通过一种称为反式酯化的过程进行转化，并以E10-B20、E15-B20和E20-B20的构型制备了乙醇、生物柴油和柴油的三种混合物。加入乙醇以改善燃烧性能。这些新型混合物的性能在一台计算机控制的单缸水冷柴油发动机上进行了测试，以测量制动功率和排放。研究发现，三元生物柴油混合物产生的NO<sub>x</sub>二氧化碳排放量比普通柴油要高。在性能方面，E10-B20混合燃料降低了制动油耗，并将制动热效率提高了6.1%。与普通柴油相比，E15-B20混合燃料在重载条件下的未燃烧碳氢化合物含量显著降低了约50%。此外，在重负荷工况下，与E15-B20混合柴油相比，NOx值也降低了28.15%。这些三元共混物在保持相当性能的同时具有优越的发射特性，因此强烈推荐使用。

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引用次数: 0