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Nachruf auf Michael Schanne. Wissenschafts-, Risiko- und Gesundheitskommunikation als zentrale Forschungsfelder 悼念迈克尔·尚恩科学、风险和卫生交流作为关键研究领域
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2021.02.022
Heinz Bonfadelli, W. Meier, Vinzenz Wyss
Michael Schanne (27.6.1948–30. 8. 2021) studierte Soziologie, Publizistikwissenschaft und Politikwissenschaft an der Universität Zürich und schloss sein Studium 1977 mit Lizentiat bei Prof. Peter Heintz in Soziologie ab. Danach war er Assistent am Seminar für Publizistikwissenschaft bei Prof. Ulrich Saxer bis Mitte der 1980er Jahre. 1987 gründete er mit Werner A. Meier die AGK – Arbeitsgruppe für Kommunikationsforschung und -beratung und führte u. a. im Rahmen von Evaluationen zahlreiche Inhaltsanalysen durch sowie qualitative Forschungsprojekte basierend auf Experteninterviews. Von 2001 bis zu seiner Pensionierung 2013 forschte und lehrte er an der ZHAW – Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften zusammen mit Vinzenz Wyss an der Professur für Journalistik.
迈克尔·珊侬(27:8. 2021年Publizistikwissenschaft苏黎世大学和政治学学位,并完成学业1977年在社会学以教授的Lizentiat彼得Heintz .之后他教授的助手为Publizistikwissenschaft神学院里希Saxer直到20世纪80年代中期. 1987年他建立了与维尔纳·a·梅耶AGK Kommunikationsforschung -beratung问题工作组和开展了师生的范围内包括许多Inhaltsanalysen以及质量的基础在Experteninterviews .从2001年从事研究,直到2013年他退休,在苏黎世应用科学学院和文学系温森•惠斯工作。
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引用次数: 0
The “refugee crisis” as an opportunity structure for right-wing populist social movements: The case of PEGIDA “难民危机”作为右翼民粹主义社会运动的机会结构:PEGIDA的案例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2021.02.016
M. Bitschnau, Dennis Lichtenstein, Birte Fähnrich
Current research on right-wing populist communication is often confined to political parties, with social movements receiving much less attention. To help fill this research gap, we examine the frames and master frames of the PEGIDA movement and the role of the 2015 “refugee crisis” in shaping them. Using qualitative content analysis of speeches held at PEGIDA rallies between 2014 and 2016, we identify two distinct master frames, each consisting of five particular frames. Besides an initial master frame about the allegedly looming Islam- ization of Europe, a second master frame dealing with the Perils of Asylum emerge during the “crisis” – ultimately, both converge, with the latter incorporating central elements of the former. These findings buttress our interpretation of the “crisis” as an opportunity structure that helped right-wing populist social movements to revitalize their message and broaden their audience. However, its long-term impact still appears limited as PEGIDA’s influence has greatly waned in recent years.
目前对右翼民粹主义传播的研究往往局限于政党,而对社会运动的关注要少得多。为了帮助填补这一研究空白,我们研究了PEGIDA运动的框架和主框架,以及2015年“难民危机”在塑造它们方面的作用。通过对2014年至2016年PEGIDA集会上的演讲进行定性内容分析,我们确定了两个不同的主框架,每个主框架由五个特定框架组成。除了关于欧洲伊斯兰化迫在眉睫的最初框架外,第二个主要框架是在“危机”期间出现的,涉及庇护的危险——最终,两者融合在一起,后者结合了前者的核心要素。这些发现支持了我们对“危机”作为一种机会结构的解释,这种机会结构帮助右翼民粹主义社会运动重振其信息并扩大其受众。然而,其长期影响似乎仍然有限,因为PEGIDA的影响力近年来已经大大减弱。
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引用次数: 4
Vertical and horizontal communication on the Facebook pages of 2014 Brazilian presidential candidates 2014年巴西总统候选人Facebook页面上的纵向和横向交流
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2021.02.003
Lídia Raquel Herculano Maia, O. Demushina, S. McDowell
Social networking sites can be defined as online services that allow users to create public or private profiles and, among other things, create connections, share opinions, news, and affections. In 2014, many electors in Brazil were engaged in the presidential campaign on these virtual spaces as never before. In this context, the research question guiding this study is: What are the communication strategies employed by electors and the three main presidential candidates in the online interaction processes during the 2014 Brazilian elections? To address this question, empirical research was employed using a qualitative approach to analyze comments posted in the candidates’ Facebook fan pages during that electoral process. Based on the research and theory in this field, two types of communication in the virtual space were investigated: (a) vertical communication through interaction between Internet users and campaign staff; and (b) horizontal communication among electors in the comments section. We conclude that, although the comments section of the candidates’ pages on Facebook is frequently used as a space both for mutual support and incivility against opponents, it is still used creatively for discussion on the candidates’ government plans, the situation of the country, attempts of engagement in the electoral process and exposure to ideologically crosscutting viewpoints.
社交网站可以被定义为允许用户创建公共或私人档案的在线服务,除此之外,还可以建立联系,分享观点、新闻和情感。2014年,巴西的许多选民前所未有地在这些虚拟空间上参与了总统竞选。在此背景下,指导本研究的研究问题是:2014年巴西大选期间,选民和三位主要总统候选人在在线互动过程中采用了哪些沟通策略?为了解决这个问题,实证研究采用了定性方法来分析候选人在选举过程中Facebook粉丝页面上发布的评论。基于这一领域的研究和理论,研究了虚拟空间中的两种传播类型:(a)通过互联网用户与竞选工作人员之间的互动进行垂直传播;(b)选民之间在评论区进行横向交流。我们的结论是,尽管候选人在Facebook页面的评论区经常被用作相互支持和攻击对手的空间,但它仍然被创造性地用于讨论候选人的政府计划,国家局势,参与选举过程的尝试以及暴露意识形态交叉观点。
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引用次数: 1
Schönhagen, Philomen, Meißner, Mike. «Kommunikations- und Mediengeschichte. Von Versammlungen bis zu den digitalen Medien» 哈根、菲洛门、凿子、麦克«.不可思议的通信和角色从会众到数字媒体»
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2021.02.031
R. Blum
Philomen Schönhagen legt zusammen mit Mike Meißner eine Kommunikations- und Mediengeschichte vor, die den Fokus vor allem auf die Schweiz legt. Das fehlte bisher. Es gibt Medien- und Journalismusgeschichten Frankreichs, Deutschlands, Italiens, weltweit, es gibt das Handbuch der Mediengeschichte von Helmut Schanze, aber an eine Gesamtschau für die Schweiz hat sich seit langem niemand gewagt.Philomen Schönhagen, avec l’aide de Mike Meißner, propose une histoire de la communication et des médias qui met l’accent sur la Suisse. Cela manquait jusque-là. Il existe des histoires des médias et du journalisme en France, en Allemagne, en Italie et dans le monde entier, il y a le manuel d’histoire des médias de Helmut Schlanze, mais il y avait longtemps que personne n’avait tenté de livrer une vue d’ensemble de la situation en Suisse.Philomen Schönhagen, insieme a Mike Meißner, presenta per la prima volta una ricerca sulla storia della comunicazione e dei media incentrata principalmente sulla Svizzera. Fino ad oggi esistono studi sulla storia dei media e del giornalismo in Francia, Germania, Italia e a nivello mondiale, oltre al manuale sulla storia dei media di Helmut Schanze.
费洛门·施哈根和麦克·迈斯纳共同描绘了一段通信和媒体历史,把重点集中在瑞士。从来没见过法国、德国、意大利的媒体和新闻相关的故事遍布全世界,有赫尔穆特·奎因施瓦茨的《传媒史》Philomen Schönhagen "迈克·迈斯讷与l 'aide propose初次histoire de la communication)的mé幻灯片(遇见l 'accent苏la Suisse .Cela manquait jusque-là.Il existe m的histoiresé幻灯片与你journalisme看看法国、en Allemagne en Italie与dan的法国《世界报》entier, Il y a的le d manuel 'histoire mé幻灯片de赫尔穆特Schlanze玉米渊y avait longtemps玄武personne n 'avait tentéde livrer初次vue d情况'ensemble de la Suisse) .菲罗曼·德哈默、安德斯·费尔默、安德斯·弗雷泽、珀鲁塔·沃尔夫拉·弗雷泽(法语)
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引用次数: 0
Use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change 在英国报纸对气候变化的报道中运用科学
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.24434/j.scoms.2021.02.004
Maria Laura Ruiu, Massimo Ragnedda
This paper investigates the use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change between 1988 and 2016. It is based on the analysis of eight newspapers and their Sunday and online versions (Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, The Daily Express, The Sun, The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent). We used the keywords “climate / climatic change”, “warm / warming” and “greenhouse / greenhouse effect” to retrieve the articles from the Nexis / Lexis database. To identify the articles with a specific focus on climate change, we included only those containing the keywords in the headline (9789 items). Framing theory helps interpret the process of construction of the “threat” through science by showing a tendency towards scientific consensus for the centre / left-leaning newspapers, and an instrumental use of consensus for the centre-right. These findings are useful for both scientists and policymakers interested in understanding how climate narratives can promote delay in action on climate change.
本文调查了1988年至2016年间英国报纸在气候变化报道中使用科学的情况。它基于对八家报纸及其周日版和网络版(《每日邮报》、《每日镜报》、《每日快报》、《太阳报》、《泰晤士报》、《每日电讯报》、《卫报》、《独立报》)的分析。我们使用关键词“气候/气候变化”、“温暖/变暖”和“温室/温室效应”从Nexis / Lexis数据库中检索文章。为了识别特别关注气候变化的文章,我们只收录了标题中包含关键字的文章(9789项)。框架理论有助于解释通过科学构建“威胁”的过程,它显示了中/左倾报纸趋向于科学共识的趋势,以及中右翼对共识的工具性使用。这些发现对科学家和政策制定者都很有用,他们希望了解气候叙事如何导致对气候变化的行动延迟。
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引用次数: 1
From the illegal migrant-criminal to the illegal migrant-invader: Critical analysis of the semantic change of the Greek term λαθρομετανάστης 'illegal migrant' 从非法移民罪犯到非法移民入侵者:希腊词λαθρομεταν α στης语义变化的批判性分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.24434/J.SCOMS.2021.02.015
N. Stamatinis, A. Archakis, V. Tsakona
Following a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, the present study reports on the analysis of 49 texts from the Hellenic Parliament Proceedings, where the term λαθρομετανάστης “illegal migrant” is used. The texts under scrutiny date back to 2015 (i. e., the year the migration crisis reached its peak) and reveal the recontextualized use of this term, which is identified with the hegemonic national-racist discourse of the 1990s perceiving migrants as criminals. Since the 1990s, the term has been stigmatized by political correctness as racist and inaccurate. We consider political correctness as a type of corrective practice, since it detects naturalized language uses reproducing stereotypes and power relationships. We will examine how the re-emergence of the older, racist use of the term in question as a reaction against the guidelines of political correctness is anew connected with national-xenophobic discourse and, in particular, with framing migrants as invaders and a national threat. Overall, tracing the semantic trajectory of the term λαθρομετανάστης “illegal migrant” allows us to explore how language use at the micro-level is dialectically connected with discourses at the macro-level.
本文采用批评性话语分析(CDA)方法,分析了希腊议会议事录中的49篇文本,其中使用了术语λαθρομεταν στης“非法移民”。受到审查的文本可以追溯到2015年(即移民危机达到顶峰的那一年),并揭示了这一术语的重新语境化使用,这与20世纪90年代将移民视为罪犯的霸权民族种族主义话语相一致。自20世纪90年代以来,这个词就被政治正确贴上了种族歧视和不准确的标签。我们认为政治正确是一种纠正实践,因为它检测到再现刻板印象和权力关系的自然语言使用。我们将研究,作为对政治正确指导方针的一种反应,该术语的旧的、种族主义的使用重新出现,是如何与民族仇外言论,特别是将移民视为入侵者和国家威胁的话语重新联系起来的。总体而言,追踪“非法移民”一词的语义轨迹,可以让我们探索微观层面的语言使用如何与宏观层面的话语辩证地联系在一起。
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引用次数: 2
“Public communication science in times of the Covid-19 crisis”: DACH 21 preconference “Covid-19危机时期的公共传播科学”:DACH 21会前
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.24434/J.SCOMS.2021.01.032
Silke Fürst
What is public science? What can communication science scholars contribute to society, especially in times of crisis? What are the challenges and limitations of such engagement? These questions were addressed at a recent preconference held on April 7, 2021, titled “Public communication science in times of the Covid-19 crisis”. The preconference was organized as part of the DACH 21 conference (the first three-country conference on commu nication science) and was held online with more than 50 participants. It was an excellent opportunity to stimulate discussion among Swiss, Austrian, and German scholars regarding the self-understanding and societal role of the discipline. The preconference was hosted by the association Öffentliche Medienund Kommunikations wissenschaft (Public Media and Communication Science, PMCS), which aims to establish, promote, and further develop the concept of public science in the field. The co-presidents of the PMCS association, Prof. Dr. Marlis Prinzing (Hochschule Macro media Köln) and Prof. Dr. Mark Eisenegger (University of Zurich), welcomed all participants to the preconference. They emphasized that the preconference aimed to bring together diverse perspectives and to reflect on principles as laid out in the charter of the association (https://oeffentliche-kowi.org/charta/). This charter consists of fifteen principles and was signed by more than 250 scholars.
什么是公共科学?传播学学者能为社会做出什么贡献,尤其是在危机时期?这种接触的挑战和限制是什么?在最近于2021年4月7日举行的题为“Covid-19危机时期的公共传播科学”的会前会议上,这些问题得到了解决。预会是DACH 21会议(第一次三国通信科学会议)的一部分,在线举行,有50多名与会者。这是激发瑞士、奥地利和德国学者之间关于该学科的自我理解和社会角色的讨论的绝佳机会。会前会议由Öffentliche Medienund Kommunikations wissenschaft(公共媒体与传播科学,PMCS)协会主办,该协会旨在建立、促进和进一步发展该领域的公共科学概念。PMCS协会的联合主席Marlis Prinzing教授(Hochschule宏观媒体Köln)和Mark Eisenegger教授(苏黎世大学)欢迎所有与会者参加会前会议。他们强调,会前会议的目的是汇集不同的观点,并反思协会章程(https://oeffentliche-kowi.org/charta/)中规定的原则。该宪章包括15项原则,由250多名学者签署。
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引用次数: 2
"I think it's up to the media to raise awareness." Quality expectations of media coverage on climate change from the audience’s perspective “我认为应该由媒体来提高人们的意识。”从受众角度看媒体对气候变化报道的质量期望
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.24434/J.SCOMS.2021.01.004
Nina Wicke, Monika Taddicken
This study aims to increase the understanding of how the media should report scientific issues by exploring audience’s expectations of how the media cover the contemporary, global issue of climate change. Drawing upon qualitative group discussions (n = 26) and on the theoretical perspective of Wolling’s Theory of Subjective Quality Assessments (TSQA), we provide insights into the relations between public views on climate change and the expectations and assessments of its media coverage. Stimuli material of climate change media coverage presenting uncertainty, a scientific claim, and emotional appeal was integrated. Overall, the relevance of the media for this public issue was emphasized. Despite diverging opinions on how the media should adopt its societal function, a more solution-oriented, detailed and diversified coverage was desired to provide guidance and to overcome topic fatigue. Differing quality dimensions regarding content and reporting style from the audience’s perspective were derived.
本研究旨在通过探索受众对媒体如何报道当代全球气候变化问题的期望,提高对媒体应如何报道科学问题的理解。通过定性小组讨论(n = 26)和Wolling的主观质量评估理论(TSQA)的理论视角,我们深入了解了公众对气候变化的看法与对媒体报道的期望和评估之间的关系。气候变化媒体报道的刺激材料呈现不确定性、科学主张和情感诉求。总的来说,强调了传播媒介对这一公共问题的相关性。尽管在媒体如何发挥其社会功能方面存在分歧,但人们希望通过更注重解决问题、更详细、更多样化的报道来提供指导,克服话题疲劳。从受众的角度得出了关于内容和报道风格的不同质量维度。
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引用次数: 1
Conference report “#Communication #(R)Evolution Changing Communication in a Digital Society”: DACH 21 – Three-Country Conference on Communication Science (DGPuK, ÖGK, and SGKM) 会议报告“#Communication #(R)Evolution Changing Communication in a Digital Society”:DACH 21 -三国通信科学会议(DGPuK、ÖGK和SGKM)
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.24434/J.SCOMS.2021.01.033
Philipp Bachmann
In recent years, there has hardly been a conference in communication science without the buzzwords of digitization and transformation in its title. In an effort to stand out from the crowd, conference titles end up adorned with complementary buzzwords like “disruption,” “data fication,” “platformization,” and “artificial intelligence.”These conferences frequently follow the same pattern: Papers and presentations are packed into individual panels by way of abstracts and keywords. Researchers then present their more or less elaborate empirical analyses to one other – usually involving a great deal of statistics. Since these papers and presentations are based on a variety of theoretical foundations, methodologies, and statistical analyses, the level of mutual knowledge acquisition is often negligible. There are no common pillars – be they theoretical or empirical.The Three-Country Conference hosted by Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (DGPuK), Osterreichische Gesellschaft fur Kommunikationswissenschaft (OGK), and Schweizerische Gesellschaft fur Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft (SGKM) in Zurich from 7 to 9 April 2021 made an effort to counterbalance that trend.
近年来,几乎没有一场传播科学会议的标题中没有“数字化”和“转型”这两个流行词。为了从人群中脱颖而出,会议的标题最后会加上一些补充性的流行语,比如“颠覆”、“数据化”、“平台化”和“人工智能”。这些会议经常遵循同样的模式:论文和演讲通过摘要和关键词被打包到单独的小组中。然后,研究人员向对方展示他们或多或少精心制作的实证分析——通常涉及大量的统计数据。由于这些论文和报告是基于各种各样的理论基础、方法和统计分析,相互知识获取的水平往往可以忽略不计。没有共同的支柱——无论是理论的还是经验的。2021年4月7日至9日在苏黎世举行的三国会议(由德国公共与公共瑞士合作协会(DGPuK)、德国公共与公共瑞士合作协会(OGK)和瑞士公共与媒体合作协会(SGKM)主办)努力抵消这一趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Appraisal patterns as predictors of emotional expressions and shares on political social networking sites 评价模式作为政治社交网站上情绪表达和分享的预测因子
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.24434/J.SCOMS.2021.01.003
Thomas Zerback, D. Wirz
Emotions are considered important drivers of the diffusion of messages on social networking sites. Therefore, emotion-eliciting political communication yields the potential to reach broad audiences and to influence citizens’ attitudes and behavior. In this study, we investigate message characteristics that potentially trigger emotional reactions on part of the users of political social networking pages and test if this fosters the diffusion of political content in the network. Based on appraisal theory, we employ a manual coding scheme to identify appraisal dimensions in political parties’ Facebook posts that should trigger sadness or anger. We subsequently combine the manual codings with information of the users’ reactions to the respective posts, which we gathered using an automated content analysis. More specifically, we determine (1) if posts that include sadness or anger appraisals are associated with the corresponding emotional reactions in the form of emojis and (2) if these posts are shared more often.
情绪被认为是社交网站上信息传播的重要驱动因素。因此,引发情感的政治传播有可能接触到广泛的受众,并影响公民的态度和行为。在这项研究中,我们调查了可能引发部分政治社交网络页面用户情绪反应的信息特征,并测试这是否促进了网络中政治内容的扩散。基于评估理论,我们采用人工编码方案来识别政党Facebook帖子中应该引发悲伤或愤怒的评估维度。随后,我们将手工编码与用户对各自帖子的反应信息结合起来,这些信息是我们使用自动内容分析收集的。更具体地说,我们确定(1)包含悲伤或愤怒评价的帖子是否与表情符号形式的相应情绪反应相关联;(2)这些帖子是否被更频繁地分享。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Studies in Communication Sciences
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