Pub Date : 2019-12-13DOI: 10.2174/1875399x01912010044
S. Rhatomy, Erwin Saspraditya, R. Setyawan
Grade 3 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) injury needs surgical intervention, but there is no consensus on the optimal technique in PCL reconstruction. The old technique always removes the remnant for good visualization of tunnel replacement. Recently, many studies proposed the concept of the preservation of PCL remnant with achieving good visualization. The aim of the study is to evaluate PCL reconstruction with remnant preservation using the standard anterior and posteromedial portal at 2-years follow-up.
{"title":"Arthroscopic Standard Anterior and Posteromedial Portal Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Remnant Preservation: 2-Year Follow-up","authors":"S. Rhatomy, Erwin Saspraditya, R. Setyawan","doi":"10.2174/1875399x01912010044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01912010044","url":null,"abstract":"Grade 3 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) injury needs surgical intervention, but there is no consensus on the optimal technique in PCL reconstruction. The old technique always removes the remnant for good visualization of tunnel replacement. Recently, many studies proposed the concept of the preservation of PCL remnant with achieving good visualization. The aim of the study is to evaluate PCL reconstruction with remnant preservation using the standard anterior and posteromedial portal at 2-years follow-up.","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49470412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-15DOI: 10.2174/1875399x01912010035
W. G. Feitosa, R. Correia, T. Barbosa, F. Castro
Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Physical Education and Sport Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; And Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal; eResearch Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal
体育学院，CearáEstadial大学，巴西Escola de Educação Física，Fisioterapia e Dança，南里奥格兰德州联邦大学，巴西体育和体育科学学术小组，国立教育学院，南洋理工大学，新加坡；葡萄牙布拉干萨理工学院教育学院体育科学系；体育、健康和人类发展研究中心，葡萄牙维拉里尔
{"title":"Kinematic, Coordinative and Efficiency Parameters of Physically Impaired Swimmers at Maximum Aerobic Power Speed","authors":"W. G. Feitosa, R. Correia, T. Barbosa, F. Castro","doi":"10.2174/1875399x01912010035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01912010035","url":null,"abstract":"Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Physical Education and Sport Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; And Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal; eResearch Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44105389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01912010028
Angela Gebert, M. Gerber, U. Pühse, P. Gassmann, H. Stamm, M. Lamprecht
There is a lack of data regarding the epidemiology of soccer injuries and the particular accidents in specific non-professional soccer populations. The aim of this study was to analyse incidence, causes and characteristics of soccer injuries, taking into account different settings of organised (amateur) and non-organised soccer. A random sample of persons who had sustained an injury while playing soccer and reported this injury to the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva) was retrospectively consulted. 705 injuries were analysed involving three main settings (soccer games, soccer training, non-organised soccer) and different amateur soccer leagues. Knee injuries (p=0.01) and head injuries (p=0.005) were observed more frequently in games than in non-organised soccer. Injuries caused by contact with an opponent and foul play occurred more frequently in games than in training (p<0.001) or non-organised soccer (p≤0.001). Injury incidence was substantially higher for players of 30+/40+ leagues (18.7 injuries per 1000 hours) than for players of other leagues (1st-3rd amateur leagues: 8.5, p=0.002; 4th-5th amateur leagues: 9.4, p=0.007; female leagues: 8.2, p=0.006; junior leagues: 6.7, p<0.001). With respect to injury characteristics, causes and injury incidence, essential differences between various non-professional soccer settings exist suggesting that a more specific approach in injury prevention may generate positive effects.
{"title":"A Comparison of Injuries in Different Non-Professional Soccer Settings: Incidence Rates, Causes and Characteristics","authors":"Angela Gebert, M. Gerber, U. Pühse, P. Gassmann, H. Stamm, M. Lamprecht","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01912010028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01912010028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 There is a lack of data regarding the epidemiology of soccer injuries and the particular accidents in specific non-professional soccer populations. The aim of this study was to analyse incidence, causes and characteristics of soccer injuries, taking into account different settings of organised (amateur) and non-organised soccer.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A random sample of persons who had sustained an injury while playing soccer and reported this injury to the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva) was retrospectively consulted. 705 injuries were analysed involving three main settings (soccer games, soccer training, non-organised soccer) and different amateur soccer leagues.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Knee injuries (p=0.01) and head injuries (p=0.005) were observed more frequently in games than in non-organised soccer. Injuries caused by contact with an opponent and foul play occurred more frequently in games than in training (p<0.001) or non-organised soccer (p≤0.001). Injury incidence was substantially higher for players of 30+/40+ leagues (18.7 injuries per 1000 hours) than for players of other leagues (1st-3rd amateur leagues: 8.5, p=0.002; 4th-5th amateur leagues: 9.4, p=0.007; female leagues: 8.2, p=0.006; junior leagues: 6.7, p<0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 With respect to injury characteristics, causes and injury incidence, essential differences between various non-professional soccer settings exist suggesting that a more specific approach in injury prevention may generate positive effects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44126581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01912010022
D. Chatzopoulos, G. Doganis, Georgios Lykesas, N. Koutlianos, C. Galazoulas, E. Bassa
Traditionally, stretching protocols are basic components of warm-up aiming to improve performance and reduce injuries. However, the literature suggests that different stretching protocols during warm-up may have diverse effects on performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of three different stretching protocols on force sense, dynamic flexibility, reaction time and movement time. The study included twenty-five participants who were TaeKwonDo young male players (age = 11.78 ± 1.66 years.). All the participants performed one of the following protocols on different days: (a) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min Static Stretching (SS), (b) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min Dynamic Stretching (DS), and (c) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min of rest (NS). After the protocols, the participants performed the following measurements: (a) force-matching test at 20% maximal isometric voluntary contraction (force sense), (b) active straight leg raise test (dynamic flexibility) and (c) reaction and movement time test. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no significant main effects on force sense. Furthermore, SS performed significantly better in dynamic flexibility in comparison to NS, and DS performed significantly better in terms of dynamic flexibility and movement time compared to SS. According to the results of the study, it seems that force sense is not affected by either SS or DS protocols (30 sec duration per muscle group). Moreover, it seems that DS in the warm-up is more appropriate than SS for activities requiring dynamic flexibility and movement time.
{"title":"Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Force Sense, Dynamic Flexibility and Reaction Time of Children","authors":"D. Chatzopoulos, G. Doganis, Georgios Lykesas, N. Koutlianos, C. Galazoulas, E. Bassa","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01912010022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01912010022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Traditionally, stretching protocols are basic components of warm-up aiming to improve performance and reduce injuries. However, the literature suggests that different stretching protocols during warm-up may have diverse effects on performance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of three different stretching protocols on force sense, dynamic flexibility, reaction time and movement time.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study included twenty-five participants who were TaeKwonDo young male players (age = 11.78 ± 1.66 years.). All the participants performed one of the following protocols on different days: (a) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min Static Stretching (SS), (b) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min Dynamic Stretching (DS), and (c) 5 min jogging followed by 3 min of rest (NS). After the protocols, the participants performed the following measurements: (a) force-matching test at 20% maximal isometric voluntary contraction (force sense), (b) active straight leg raise test (dynamic flexibility) and (c) reaction and movement time test.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no significant main effects on force sense. Furthermore, SS performed significantly better in dynamic flexibility in comparison to NS, and DS performed significantly better in terms of dynamic flexibility and movement time compared to SS.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 According to the results of the study, it seems that force sense is not affected by either SS or DS protocols (30 sec duration per muscle group). Moreover, it seems that DS in the warm-up is more appropriate than SS for activities requiring dynamic flexibility and movement time.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49308026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01912010001
Melanie Mack, Maximilian Bryan, Gerhard Heyer, T. Heinen
In artistic gymnastics, performance is observed and evaluated by judges based on criteria defined in the code of points. However, there is a manifold of influences discussed in the literature that could potentially bias the judges’ evaluations in artistic gymnastics. In this context, several authors claim the necessity for alternative approaches to judging gymnastics utilizing biomechanical methods. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a model-based approach to judge gymnastics performance based on quantitative kinematic data of the performed skills. Four different model variants based on kinematic similarity calculated by a multivariate exploratory approach and the Recurrent Neural Network method were used to evaluate the relationship between the movement kinematics and the judges’ scores. The complete dataset consisted of movement kinematic data and judgment scores of a total of N = 173 trials of three different skills and routines from women’s artistic gymnastics. The results exhibit a significant relationship between the predicted score and the actual score for six of the twelve model calculations. The different model variants yielded a different prediction performance in general across all skills and also in terms of the different skills. In particular, only the Recurrent Neural Network model exhibited significant correlation values between the actual and the predicted scores for all three investigated skills. The results were discussed in terms of the differences of the models as well as the various factors that might play a role in the evaluation process.
{"title":"Modeling Judges’ Scores in Artistic Gymnastics","authors":"Melanie Mack, Maximilian Bryan, Gerhard Heyer, T. Heinen","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01912010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01912010001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In artistic gymnastics, performance is observed and evaluated by judges based on criteria defined in the code of points. However, there is a manifold of influences discussed in the literature that could potentially bias the judges’ evaluations in artistic gymnastics. In this context, several authors claim the necessity for alternative approaches to judging gymnastics utilizing biomechanical methods.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a model-based approach to judge gymnastics performance based on quantitative kinematic data of the performed skills.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Four different model variants based on kinematic similarity calculated by a multivariate exploratory approach and the Recurrent Neural Network method were used to evaluate the relationship between the movement kinematics and the judges’ scores. The complete dataset consisted of movement kinematic data and judgment scores of a total of N = 173 trials of three different skills and routines from women’s artistic gymnastics.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results exhibit a significant relationship between the predicted score and the actual score for six of the twelve model calculations. The different model variants yielded a different prediction performance in general across all skills and also in terms of the different skills. In particular, only the Recurrent Neural Network model exhibited significant correlation values between the actual and the predicted scores for all three investigated skills.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results were discussed in terms of the differences of the models as well as the various factors that might play a role in the evaluation process.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44490540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01912010017
R. Pollard
The relative effectiveness of different styles of play at football has long been the source of heated controversy. The use of passing sequence data has recently been exploited as definitive proof that possession football is more efficient than direct play at producing goals. This has resulted in a number of high profile books, papers and websites claiming that the conclusions of Charles Reep, the founder of football performance analysis and a strong advocate of a direct style, were flawed. The first objective is to explain why passing sequence data cannot be used to give information about the relative merits of direct and possession play and hence why the recent harsh criticisms being made about Reep, his methodology and his conclusions are themselves flawed. The second objective is to review more logical and valid methods of analysis which can be used to assess the effectiveness of different tactics, strategies and playing styles. The third objective is to outline how this methodology has been put to practical and successful use for many years by a handful of performance analysts, but largely ignored by the academic community A short passing sequence cannot be used as a proxy for direct play. The uncritical way in which flawed conclusions based on this false assumption have multiplied has unjustly tarnished the legacy of Charles Reep. Other methods exist to examine the relative merits of different playing styles. These should be revisited, especially at a time when more and more performance data is becoming available.
{"title":"Invalid Interpretation of Passing Sequence Data to Assess Team Performance in Football: Repairing the Tarnished Legacy of Charles Reep","authors":"R. Pollard","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01912010017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01912010017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The relative effectiveness of different styles of play at football has long been the source of heated controversy. The use of passing sequence data has recently been exploited as definitive proof that possession football is more efficient than direct play at producing goals. This has resulted in a number of high profile books, papers and websites claiming that the conclusions of Charles Reep, the founder of football performance analysis and a strong advocate of a direct style, were flawed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The first objective is to explain why passing sequence data cannot be used to give information about the relative merits of direct and possession play and hence why the recent harsh criticisms being made about Reep, his methodology and his conclusions are themselves flawed. The second objective is to review more logical and valid methods of analysis which can be used to assess the effectiveness of different tactics, strategies and playing styles. The third objective is to outline how this methodology has been put to practical and successful use for many years by a handful of performance analysts, but largely ignored by the academic community\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A short passing sequence cannot be used as a proxy for direct play. The uncritical way in which flawed conclusions based on this false assumption have multiplied has unjustly tarnished the legacy of Charles Reep. Other methods exist to examine the relative merits of different playing styles. These should be revisited, especially at a time when more and more performance data is becoming available.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48088353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01811010078
H. Steingrebe, T. Stein, K. Bös, M. Hoffmann
Sit-to-Stand (STS) movements are fundamental activities of daily living. As STS movements can be physically demanding especially for the elderly, bi- and unilateral STS movements are frequently used in motor tests to measure lower limb strength. In contrast to bilateral STS movements, the knee joint loads occurring during unilateral STS movements as well as the influences of chair height or lower limb dominance are still unknown. In a randomized study approach knee joint loads during unilateral STS movements from three different chair heights have been analyzed using biomechanical motion analysis in a population of 19 healthy middle-aged adults. Additionally, the influence of lower limb dominance and the level of perceived exertion have been investigated. Lower limb dominance had no effect on knee joint load. In contrast, chair height significantly affected the peak shear forces in anterior (high: 3.94 ± 0.63 N/kg; low: 4.09 ± 0.61 N/kg) and lateral (high: 1.52 ± 0.79 N/kg; low: 1.78 ± 0.88 N/kg) direction as well as the peak knee adduction moment (high: 0.56 ± 0.29 Nm/kg; low: 0.65 ± 0.32 Nm/kg). Additionally, chair height but not limb dominance significantly affected the level of perceived exertion (high: 11.1 ± 2.8; low: 12.5 ± 3.5). The detected knee joint loads occurring during a unilateral STS movements are similar to those of other activities of daily living like e.g. stair ascent and thus, unilateral STS movements are applicable for usage in motor tests for middle-aged subjects. While lower limb dominance has no impact on the knee joint load, lower chair heights increase the load on the knee joint. Therefore, chair height should be considered when using unilateral STS movements in motor tests.
{"title":"Biomechanical Analysis of the Knee Joint Load During a Unilateral Sit-to-Stand Movement","authors":"H. Steingrebe, T. Stein, K. Bös, M. Hoffmann","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01811010078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01811010078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Sit-to-Stand (STS) movements are fundamental activities of daily living. As STS movements can be physically demanding especially for the elderly, bi- and unilateral STS movements are frequently used in motor tests to measure lower limb strength. In contrast to bilateral STS movements, the knee joint loads occurring during unilateral STS movements as well as the influences of chair height or lower limb dominance are still unknown.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In a randomized study approach knee joint loads during unilateral STS movements from three different chair heights have been analyzed using biomechanical motion analysis in a population of 19 healthy middle-aged adults. Additionally, the influence of lower limb dominance and the level of perceived exertion have been investigated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Lower limb dominance had no effect on knee joint load. In contrast, chair height significantly affected the peak shear forces in anterior (high: 3.94 ± 0.63 N/kg; low: 4.09 ± 0.61 N/kg) and lateral (high: 1.52 ± 0.79 N/kg; low: 1.78 ± 0.88 N/kg) direction as well as the peak knee adduction moment (high: 0.56 ± 0.29 Nm/kg; low: 0.65 ± 0.32 Nm/kg). Additionally, chair height but not limb dominance significantly affected the level of perceived exertion (high: 11.1 ± 2.8; low: 12.5 ± 3.5).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The detected knee joint loads occurring during a unilateral STS movements are similar to those of other activities of daily living like e.g. stair ascent and thus, unilateral STS movements are applicable for usage in motor tests for middle-aged subjects. While lower limb dominance has no impact on the knee joint load, lower chair heights increase the load on the knee joint. Therefore, chair height should be considered when using unilateral STS movements in motor tests.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44897907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01811010069
F. Perroni, E. Mol, Anthony Walker, Calogero Alaimo, L. Guidetti, L. Cignitti, C. Baldari
In order to stay safe, and to successfully complete their work, firefighters have to constantly assess and process large numbers of sensory stimuli and adapt to the inherent risks present in the working environment. The purposes of the present preliminary study were to analyse the speed of Reaction Time responses (RT) of Italian Firefighters and to compare their cognitive responses with non-firefighting subjects. Anthropometric (weight, height and BMI) and RT (time-to-completion –TTC-, mean of reaction time –MRT-, and errors made -E-) evaluations were administered at 16 volunteers (Age: 40.3 ± 6.7 yrs; BMI: 23.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2) divided in Firefighters (FG) and Control (CG) groups. RT test consisted of 3 trials (T1 = 1s of stimulus duration and 1s interval between stimulus and the other; T2 = 0.5s of stimulus duration and 1s interval between stimulus and the other; T3 = 0.5s of stimulus duration and 0.5s interval between stimulus and the other). Mann Whitney U test between groups was applied to asses differences (p ≤ 0.05) in TTC, MRT, and E while Friedmann test and Dunn-Sidak post hoc were used to evaluate significant differences in the 3 trials in each variable of each group. No significant differences based on anthropometric parameters were observed between groups. Despite no significant differences emerged for TTC and MRT between groups, we observed significant differences in E between groups (CG = 4; FG =12) and in the 3rd condition in each variable of each group. Workout programs that integrate reaction time training with job performance should be created to increase job performance.
{"title":"Reaction Time to Visual Stimulus in Firefighters and Healthy Trained Subjects: A Preliminary Comparative Study","authors":"F. Perroni, E. Mol, Anthony Walker, Calogero Alaimo, L. Guidetti, L. Cignitti, C. Baldari","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01811010069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01811010069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In order to stay safe, and to successfully complete their work, firefighters have to constantly assess and process large numbers of sensory stimuli and adapt to the inherent risks present in the working environment.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The purposes of the present preliminary study were to analyse the speed of Reaction Time responses (RT) of Italian Firefighters and to compare their cognitive responses with non-firefighting subjects.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Anthropometric (weight, height and BMI) and RT (time-to-completion –TTC-, mean of reaction time –MRT-, and errors made -E-) evaluations were administered at 16 volunteers (Age: 40.3 ± 6.7 yrs; BMI: 23.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2) divided in Firefighters (FG) and Control (CG) groups. RT test consisted of 3 trials (T1 = 1s of stimulus duration and 1s interval between stimulus and the other; T2 = 0.5s of stimulus duration and 1s interval between stimulus and the other; T3 = 0.5s of stimulus duration and 0.5s interval between stimulus and the other). Mann Whitney U test between groups was applied to asses differences (p ≤ 0.05) in TTC, MRT, and E while Friedmann test and Dunn-Sidak post hoc were used to evaluate significant differences in the 3 trials in each variable of each group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 No significant differences based on anthropometric parameters were observed between groups. Despite no significant differences emerged for TTC and MRT between groups, we observed significant differences in E between groups (CG = 4; FG =12) and in the 3rd condition in each variable of each group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Workout programs that integrate reaction time training with job performance should be created to increase job performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68118100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-10DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01912010010
F. Perroni, G. Emerenziani, Fabrizio Pentenè, M. Gallotta, L. Guidetti, C. Baldari
Intense physical efforts performed at maximal or near-maximal speeds and the ability to recover among sprint are important characteristics of a soccer player. In the last years, women's soccer has become a rapidly and markedly growing sport (+34% of new players from 2000).The aim of this case study was to analyse the performance (total time –TT; fatigue index percentage -IF%) and physiological (aerobic and anaerobic) responses to Repeated Sprint Ability test (RSAt) of an elite female player.To identify the contribution of the 3 energy sources at the beginning, middle, and at the end of the different sprint of RSAt performance in a female player (age: 30 years; BMI: 20.3 kg/m2), which requested 7x30 m sprints (25 s active recovery among sprints) with a change of direction, a portable metabolimeter and software dedicated were used. A repeated measure MANOVA over the 7 sprints time series was applied (p< 0.05).Results showed that TT was 58.71 s (Ideal Time: 56.98 s) with IF% of 3.0%. Energy contributions were given for 80.3% by aerobic, 19.2% by anaerobic lactid, and 0.5% by anaerobic alactid sources. We have found different kinetics in the heart rate (HR) and maximum oxygen uptake with the oxygen uptake that reached the peak when HR was still rising.Considering that the energy consumption during intermittent exercises requires different metabolism as a result of physiological stimuli proposed, the present findings substantiate the need to choose specific and adequate training methods for female soccer players that aim at increasing their RSA performances.
{"title":"Energy Cost and Energy Sources of an Elite Female Soccer Player to Repeated Sprint Ability Test: A Case Study","authors":"F. Perroni, G. Emerenziani, Fabrizio Pentenè, M. Gallotta, L. Guidetti, C. Baldari","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01912010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01912010010","url":null,"abstract":"Intense physical efforts performed at maximal or near-maximal speeds and the ability to recover among sprint are important characteristics of a soccer player. In the last years, women's soccer has become a rapidly and markedly growing sport (+34% of new players from 2000).The aim of this case study was to analyse the performance (total time –TT; fatigue index percentage -IF%) and physiological (aerobic and anaerobic) responses to Repeated Sprint Ability test (RSAt) of an elite female player.To identify the contribution of the 3 energy sources at the beginning, middle, and at the end of the different sprint of RSAt performance in a female player (age: 30 years; BMI: 20.3 kg/m2), which requested 7x30 m sprints (25 s active recovery among sprints) with a change of direction, a portable metabolimeter and software dedicated were used. A repeated measure MANOVA over the 7 sprints time series was applied (p< 0.05).Results showed that TT was 58.71 s (Ideal Time: 56.98 s) with IF% of 3.0%. Energy contributions were given for 80.3% by aerobic, 19.2% by anaerobic lactid, and 0.5% by anaerobic alactid sources. We have found different kinetics in the heart rate (HR) and maximum oxygen uptake with the oxygen uptake that reached the peak when HR was still rising.Considering that the energy consumption during intermittent exercises requires different metabolism as a result of physiological stimuli proposed, the present findings substantiate the need to choose specific and adequate training methods for female soccer players that aim at increasing their RSA performances.","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48314239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-31DOI: 10.2174/1875399X01811010026
S. Avramidis, S. Patrinos
The use of various rescue methods for coping with drowning as a subject of research is scarce.With a chi-square statistical analysis in a criterion/convenient sample of film scenes (n=430), it was aimed to reveal how the various rescue methods relate to the rescuer and other related sub-variables. Results confirm that cinematography indeed passes several right and wrong hidden messages to their viewers. It was also found that although the rescue type was not related with the rescuer’s age (p=0.836), body composition (p=0.437) and ethnicity (p=0.849), it was related with the type of the rescuer (if any) that attempted to save the drowning victim (p<0.001;i.e., amateur or professional), the rescuer’s gender (p=0.027) and clothing (p=0.019) and the victim’s early approach (p<0.001).To the degree that our findings correspond with reality, film scenes may be used as means of water safety education in lifesaving and lifeguard classes.
{"title":"The Relation of Drowning Rescue Methods with the Rescuer in Cinema","authors":"S. Avramidis, S. Patrinos","doi":"10.2174/1875399X01811010026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01811010026","url":null,"abstract":"The use of various rescue methods for coping with drowning as a subject of research is scarce.With a chi-square statistical analysis in a criterion/convenient sample of film scenes (n=430), it was aimed to reveal how the various rescue methods relate to the rescuer and other related sub-variables. Results confirm that cinematography indeed passes several right and wrong hidden messages to their viewers. It was also found that although the rescue type was not related with the rescuer’s age (p=0.836), body composition (p=0.437) and ethnicity (p=0.849), it was related with the type of the rescuer (if any) that attempted to save the drowning victim (p<0.001;i.e., amateur or professional), the rescuer’s gender (p=0.027) and clothing (p=0.019) and the victim’s early approach (p<0.001).To the degree that our findings correspond with reality, film scenes may be used as means of water safety education in lifesaving and lifeguard classes.","PeriodicalId":38865,"journal":{"name":"Open Sports Sciences Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49349541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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