Pub Date : 2021-03-10DOI: 10.22068/IJEEE.17.1.1502
S. H. Montazeri, A. D. Aliabad, F. Zare, S. Aghaei
The direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (DD-PMSM) is a suitable choice for high-precision position control applications. Among various control methods of this motor, the vector control approaches especially the field oriented control has a highperformance in the industrial drives. In this method, the components of stator current are controlled independently and as a result, the torque and flux are controlled continuously. Since there are some limitations and constraints in the motor, inverter, and control system, a new anti-windup gain scheduling PID controller based on the adaptive control principles is proposed for the position control loop. In the proposed method, different values are assigned to coefficients of the PID controller according to the position error to achieve high precision. Also, a very high-accuracy encoder and an ARM processor are used for measuring the instantaneous position and implementation of the proposed method, respectively. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness, high accuracy, and good dynamic behavior of the proposed control method.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a High-Precision Position Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on a New Gain Scheduling Approach","authors":"S. H. Montazeri, A. D. Aliabad, F. Zare, S. Aghaei","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.17.1.1502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.17.1.1502","url":null,"abstract":"The direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (DD-PMSM) is a suitable choice for high-precision position control applications. Among various control methods of this motor, the vector control approaches especially the field oriented control has a highperformance in the industrial drives. In this method, the components of stator current are controlled independently and as a result, the torque and flux are controlled continuously. Since there are some limitations and constraints in the motor, inverter, and control system, a new anti-windup gain scheduling PID controller based on the adaptive control principles is proposed for the position control loop. In the proposed method, different values are assigned to coefficients of the PID controller according to the position error to achieve high precision. Also, a very high-accuracy encoder and an ARM processor are used for measuring the instantaneous position and implementation of the proposed method, respectively. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness, high accuracy, and good dynamic behavior of the proposed control method.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"1502-1502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48269473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22068/IJEEE.17.3.1972
N. Raj
{"title":"Low Voltage FVF Current Mirror With High Bandwidth and Low Input Impedance","authors":"N. Raj","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.17.3.1972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.17.3.1972","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"1972-1972"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68607743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22068/IJEEE.17.2.1798
A. Doroudi, M. Kazemi, M. Keshavarz, N. M. Dehkordi
The droop control strategy is the most common approach for microgrids control but its application is limited due to frequency deviation following a load change. Secondary control strategy has then bee
{"title":"A Novel Hybrid Droop-Isochronous Control Strategy for Microgrid Management","authors":"A. Doroudi, M. Kazemi, M. Keshavarz, N. M. Dehkordi","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.17.2.1798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.17.2.1798","url":null,"abstract":"The droop control strategy is the most common approach for microgrids control but its application is limited due to frequency deviation following a load change. Secondary control strategy has then bee","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"1798-1798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68607291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to enhance the accuracy of the motion vector (MV) estimation and also reduce the error propagation issue during the estimation, in this paper, a new adaptive error concealment (EC) approach is proposed based on the information extracted from the video scene. In this regard, the motion information of the video scene around the degraded MB is first analyzed to estimate the motion type of the degraded MB. If the neighboring MBs possess uniform motion, the degraded MB imitates the behavior of neighboring MBs by choosing the MV of the collocated MB. Otherwise, the lost MV is estimated through the second proposed EC technique (i.e., IOBMA). In the IOBMA, unlike the conventional boundary matching criterion-based EC techniques, not only each boundary distortion is evaluated regarding both the luminance and the chrominance components of the boundary pixels, but also the total boundary distortion corresponding to each candidate MV is calculated as the weighted average of the available boundary distortions. Compared with the state-of-the-art EC techniques, the simulation results indicate the superiority of the proposed EC approach in terms of both the objective and subjective quality assessments.
{"title":"An Improved Motion Vector Estimation Approach for Video Error Concealment Based on the Video Scene Analysis","authors":"S. M. Zabihi, Hossein Ghanei-Yakhdan, N. Mehrshad","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.461","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the accuracy of the motion vector (MV) estimation and also reduce the error propagation issue during the estimation, in this paper, a new adaptive error concealment (EC) approach is proposed based on the information extracted from the video scene. In this regard, the motion information of the video scene around the degraded MB is first analyzed to estimate the motion type of the degraded MB. If the neighboring MBs possess uniform motion, the degraded MB imitates the behavior of neighboring MBs by choosing the MV of the collocated MB. Otherwise, the lost MV is estimated through the second proposed EC technique (i.e., IOBMA). In the IOBMA, unlike the conventional boundary matching criterion-based EC techniques, not only each boundary distortion is evaluated regarding both the luminance and the chrominance components of the boundary pixels, but also the total boundary distortion corresponding to each candidate MV is calculated as the weighted average of the available boundary distortions. Compared with the state-of-the-art EC techniques, the simulation results indicate the superiority of the proposed EC approach in terms of both the objective and subjective quality assessments.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"461-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46786425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of communications and telecommunications infrastructure, followed by the extension of a new generation of smart distribution grids, has brought realtime control of distribution systems to electrical industry professionals’ attention. Also, the increasing use of distributed generation (DG) resources and the need for participation in the system voltage control, which is possible only with central control of the distribution system, has increased the importance of the real-time operation of distribution systems. In real-time operation of a power system, what is important is that since the grid information is limited, the overall grid status such as the voltage phasor in the buses, current in branches, the values of loads, etc. are specified to the grid operators. This can occur with an active distribution system state estimation (ADSSE) method. The conventional method in the state estimation of an active distribution system is the weighted least squares (WLS) method. This paper presents a new method to modify the error modeling in the WLS method and improve the accuracy SVs estimations by including load variations (LVs) during measurement intervals, transmission time of data to the information collection center, and calculation time of the state variables (SVs), as well as by adjusting the variance in the smart meters (SM). The proposed method is tested on an IEEE 34-bus standard distribution system, and the results are compared with the conventional method. The simulation results reveal that the proposed approach is robust and reduces the estimation error, thereby improving ADSSE accuracy compared with the conventional methods.
{"title":"Modified Weighted Least Squares Method to Improve Active Distribution System State Estimation","authors":"M. Ajoudani, A. Sheikholeslami, A. Zakariazadeh","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.559","url":null,"abstract":"The development of communications and telecommunications infrastructure, followed by the extension of a new generation of smart distribution grids, has brought realtime control of distribution systems to electrical industry professionals’ attention. Also, the increasing use of distributed generation (DG) resources and the need for participation in the system voltage control, which is possible only with central control of the distribution system, has increased the importance of the real-time operation of distribution systems. In real-time operation of a power system, what is important is that since the grid information is limited, the overall grid status such as the voltage phasor in the buses, current in branches, the values of loads, etc. are specified to the grid operators. This can occur with an active distribution system state estimation (ADSSE) method. The conventional method in the state estimation of an active distribution system is the weighted least squares (WLS) method. This paper presents a new method to modify the error modeling in the WLS method and improve the accuracy SVs estimations by including load variations (LVs) during measurement intervals, transmission time of data to the information collection center, and calculation time of the state variables (SVs), as well as by adjusting the variance in the smart meters (SM). The proposed method is tested on an IEEE 34-bus standard distribution system, and the results are compared with the conventional method. The simulation results reveal that the proposed approach is robust and reduces the estimation error, thereby improving ADSSE accuracy compared with the conventional methods.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"559-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43725055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The particle filter (PF) is a novel technique that has sufficiently good estimation results for the nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems. However, PF is inconsistent that caused mainly by loss of particle diversity in resampling step and unknown a priori knowledge of the noise statistics. This paper introduces a new modified particle filter called adaptive unscented particle filter (AUPF) to overcome these problems. The proposed method uses an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) filter to generate the proposal distribution, in which the covariance of the measurement and process of the state are online adjusted by predicted residual as an adaptive factor based on a covariance matching technique. In addition, it uses the genetic operators based strategy to further improve the particle diversity. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"A New Modified Particle Filter With Application in Target Tracking","authors":"R. Havangi","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.449","url":null,"abstract":"The particle filter (PF) is a novel technique that has sufficiently good estimation results for the nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems. However, PF is inconsistent that caused mainly by loss of particle diversity in resampling step and unknown a priori knowledge of the noise statistics. This paper introduces a new modified particle filter called adaptive unscented particle filter (AUPF) to overcome these problems. The proposed method uses an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) filter to generate the proposal distribution, in which the covariance of the measurement and process of the state are online adjusted by predicted residual as an adaptive factor based on a covariance matching technique. In addition, it uses the genetic operators based strategy to further improve the particle diversity. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"449-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47639519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a robust nonlinear control technique of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) intended for wind energy systems has been proposed. The principal idea in this article is to decouple the active and reactive power of the DFIG with high robustness using the backstepping strategy. The principle of this control method is based on the Lyapunov function, in order to guarantee the global asymptotic stability of the system. Finally, we present some simulation results in order to verify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed control technique.
{"title":"Lyapunov-Based Robust Power Controllers for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator","authors":"Y. Djeriri","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.551","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a robust nonlinear control technique of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) intended for wind energy systems has been proposed. The principal idea in this article is to decouple the active and reactive power of the DFIG with high robustness using the backstepping strategy. The principle of this control method is based on the Lyapunov function, in order to guarantee the global asymptotic stability of the system. Finally, we present some simulation results in order to verify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed control technique.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"551-558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hybrid AC-DC microgrid (HMG) architecture has the merits of both DC and AC coupled structures. Microgrids are subject to intermittence when the renewable sources are used. In the HMG, since power fluctuations occur on both subgrids due to varying load and unpredictable power generation from renewable sources, proper voltage and frequency regulation is the critical issue. This article proposes a unique method for operating a microgrid (MG) comprising of PV array, wind energy system (WES), fuel cell (FC), and battery in HMG configuration. The control scheme of the interlinking converter (ILC) regulates frequency, voltage, and power flow amongst the subgrids. Power management in the HMG is investigated under different scenarios. Proper power management is accomplished within the individual subgrids and among the subgrids by the control techniques adopted in the HMG. The system voltage and frequency deviations are found to be minimized when the FC system acts as the backup source for DC subgrid, reducing the power flow through the ILC.
{"title":"A New Power Management Approach for PV-Wind-Fuel Cell Hybrid System in Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid Configuration","authors":"P. B. Nempu, J. N. Sabhahit","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.505","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid AC-DC microgrid (HMG) architecture has the merits of both DC and AC coupled structures. Microgrids are subject to intermittence when the renewable sources are used. In the HMG, since power fluctuations occur on both subgrids due to varying load and unpredictable power generation from renewable sources, proper voltage and frequency regulation is the critical issue. This article proposes a unique method for operating a microgrid (MG) comprising of PV array, wind energy system (WES), fuel cell (FC), and battery in HMG configuration. The control scheme of the interlinking converter (ILC) regulates frequency, voltage, and power flow amongst the subgrids. Power management in the HMG is investigated under different scenarios. Proper power management is accomplished within the individual subgrids and among the subgrids by the control techniques adopted in the HMG. The system voltage and frequency deviations are found to be minimized when the FC system acts as the backup source for DC subgrid, reducing the power flow through the ILC.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"505-512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49253760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is very difficult and expensive to replace sensor node battery in wireless sensor network in many critical conditions such as bridge supervising, resource exploration in hostile locations, and wildlife safety, etc. The natural choice in such situations is to maximize network lifetime. One such approach is to divide the sensing area of wireless sensor network into clusters to achieve high energy efficiency and to prolong network lifetime. In this paper, an Artificial Bee Colony Inspired Clustering Solution (ABCICS) is introduced. The proposed protocol selects the head of the cluster with optimal fitness function. The fitness function comprises the residual energy of node, node degree, node centrality, and distance from base station to node. When cluster-head with high energy node transmits the data to the base station, it further minimizes the energy consumption of the sensor network. The presented protocol is compared with LEACH, HSA-PSO, and MHACO-UC. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of our approach to enhance the network lifetime.
{"title":"An Artificial Bee Colony Inspired Clustering Solution to Prolong Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"A. Pathak","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.425","url":null,"abstract":"It is very difficult and expensive to replace sensor node battery in wireless sensor network in many critical conditions such as bridge supervising, resource exploration in hostile locations, and wildlife safety, etc. The natural choice in such situations is to maximize network lifetime. One such approach is to divide the sensing area of wireless sensor network into clusters to achieve high energy efficiency and to prolong network lifetime. In this paper, an Artificial Bee Colony Inspired Clustering Solution (ABCICS) is introduced. The proposed protocol selects the head of the cluster with optimal fitness function. The fitness function comprises the residual energy of node, node degree, node centrality, and distance from base station to node. When cluster-head with high energy node transmits the data to the base station, it further minimizes the energy consumption of the sensor network. The presented protocol is compared with LEACH, HSA-PSO, and MHACO-UC. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of our approach to enhance the network lifetime.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"425-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47870045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiplication is a basic operation in any signal processing application. Multiplication is the most important one among the four arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, and division. Multipliers are usually hardware intensive, and the main parameters of concern are high speed, low cost, and less VLSI area. The propagation time and power consumption in the multiplier are always high. The multiplier speed usually determines the speed of the processor. Hence in this work, a design of a 32-bit multiplier is proposed by modifying the conventional shift-add multiplier. The proposed structure reduces the power consumed by the technique of minimizing the switching activities in the design. A 32-bit parallel prefix adder based on the modified Ling equation is also proposed to speed up the addition of the partial products in the multiplier. The design is modeled in VHDL and implementation is carried out in CADENCE software with 90 nm and 180 nm CMOS technology.
{"title":"Modified 32-Bit Shift-Add Multiplier Design for Low Power Application","authors":"R. Pinto","doi":"10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.16.4.487","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplication is a basic operation in any signal processing application. Multiplication is the most important one among the four arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, and division. Multipliers are usually hardware intensive, and the main parameters of concern are high speed, low cost, and less VLSI area. The propagation time and power consumption in the multiplier are always high. The multiplier speed usually determines the speed of the processor. Hence in this work, a design of a 32-bit multiplier is proposed by modifying the conventional shift-add multiplier. The proposed structure reduces the power consumed by the technique of minimizing the switching activities in the design. A 32-bit parallel prefix adder based on the modified Ling equation is also proposed to speed up the addition of the partial products in the multiplier. The design is modeled in VHDL and implementation is carried out in CADENCE software with 90 nm and 180 nm CMOS technology.","PeriodicalId":39055,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"487-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49443260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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