Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.07
Illés Horváth
The paper uncovers the role of trial by poison in the representation of the power of the Luxembourg dynasty. After the death of Emperor Henry VII, the contemporaneous sources reported poisoning a few days after the Emperor had passed away, with a great outrage. In my study, I intend to explore how the death of Henry VII affected the dynastic memory and the representation of the family. Furthermore, I also intend to focus on how Holy Roman Emperors Charles IV and Sigismund of Luxembourg reflected on the attempts on their lives and what was the role of trials by poison in their representation of power.
{"title":"The Role of Trial by Poison in the Representation of the Power of the Luxembourg Dynasty","authors":"Illés Horváth","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.07","url":null,"abstract":"The paper uncovers the role of trial by poison in the representation of the power of the Luxembourg dynasty. After the death of Emperor Henry VII, the contemporaneous sources reported poisoning a few days after the Emperor had passed away, with a great outrage. In my study, I intend to explore how the death of Henry VII affected the dynastic memory and the representation of the family. Furthermore, I also intend to focus on how Holy Roman Emperors Charles IV and Sigismund of Luxembourg reflected on the attempts on their lives and what was the role of trials by poison in their representation of power.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121059600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.02
G. Barabás
The study examines a special aspect of the relations between the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom in the first half of the 13th century: the fight against the heretics of Bosnia, or the Bosnian Church. The question of this heresy is not investigated from a dogmatic, or a legal point of view; the analysis focuses on the measures taken by the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom. Pontifical legates were entrusted with tasks concerning heresy and piracy in Bosnia and Dalmatia since the very beginning of the century, while the Hungarian rulers and several prelates also took part in the struggle. My presentation starts with the investigation against Ban Kulin of Bosnia led by the papal chaplain John of Casamari, whereas among other topics the problem of the Dalmatian pirates, the Bosnian campaign of Duke Coloman of Slavonia and the integration of the diocese of Bosnia into the Hungarian Church are analysed too.
{"title":"Heretics, Pirates, and Legates","authors":"G. Barabás","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.02","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines a special aspect of the relations between the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom in the first half of the 13th century: the fight against the heretics of Bosnia, or the Bosnian Church. The question of this heresy is not investigated from a dogmatic, or a legal point of view; the analysis focuses on the measures taken by the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom. Pontifical legates were entrusted with tasks concerning heresy and piracy in Bosnia and Dalmatia since the very beginning of the century, while the Hungarian rulers and several prelates also took part in the struggle. My presentation starts with the investigation against Ban Kulin of Bosnia led by the papal chaplain John of Casamari, whereas among other topics the problem of the Dalmatian pirates, the Bosnian campaign of Duke Coloman of Slavonia and the integration of the diocese of Bosnia into the Hungarian Church are analysed too.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116215915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.08
Julianna Orsós
The attitude towards converted Jews is presented through the examples of Johann Pfefferkorn, Victor von Carben and Matthäus Adriani. The similarities and differences in their estimation show the nuances of the contemporary public opinion about the Jews. The paper introduces first of all the different positions of German humanists and the phenomenon how the so-called Battle of Books mirrored the contemporary social attitudes towards Jews and converted Jews.
{"title":"Über die Status und Perzeption der konvertierten Juden in dem Römisch-deutschen Reich des 16. Jahrhunderts im Spiegel des Bücherstreits","authors":"Julianna Orsós","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.08","url":null,"abstract":"The attitude towards converted Jews is presented through the examples of Johann Pfefferkorn, Victor von Carben and Matthäus Adriani. The similarities and differences in their estimation show the nuances of the contemporary public opinion about the Jews. The paper introduces first of all the different positions of German humanists and the phenomenon how the so-called Battle of Books mirrored the contemporary social attitudes towards Jews and converted Jews.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121749210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.01
Márta Font
The Hoftags were an important institution in the early history of Holy Roman Imperium as the place of meetings and consulting of emperors with the elite of imperium and as place of decisions. At the same time Hoftags were the place of diplomacy, too. The study analyses the events of Hoftag of 1013 in Merseburg from the point of view of contemporary international relations.
{"title":"Ein Hoftag als Spiegel der regionalen Verhältnisse: Merseburg 1013 (Heinrich II. – Stephan I. – Bolesław I.)","authors":"Márta Font","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.01","url":null,"abstract":"The Hoftags were an important institution in the early history of Holy Roman Imperium as the place of meetings and consulting of emperors with the elite of imperium and as place of decisions. At the same time Hoftags were the place of diplomacy, too. The study analyses the events of Hoftag of 1013 in Merseburg from the point of view of contemporary international relations.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126715241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.04
Ágnes Maléth
Descendant of the Neapolitan Anjou dynasty, Charles I succeeded to the Hungarian throne in 1301. In spite of his initial fights with the territorial princes (or oligarchs), the first Angevin king of Hungary established dynamic diplomatic relationships where his connections to the papal court played a crucial role. The sources suggest that the relation of Charles I with the papacy was the golden thread in his diplomacy with Western Europe, and still, it is one of the less known topics in the Hungarian historiography. My doctoral thesis which was written and defended in the framework of a cooperation of the Universities of Angers (France) and Szeged (Hungary) intended to fill this gap in the Hungarian historical research. This paper summarizes my thesis by presenting the corpus of the sources, the applied methodology, and giving an overview of the preliminary results.
{"title":"Les relations de Charles Ier de Hongrie avec la papauté (1301–1342)","authors":"Ágnes Maléth","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.04","url":null,"abstract":"Descendant of the Neapolitan Anjou dynasty, Charles I succeeded to the Hungarian throne in 1301. In spite of his initial fights with the territorial princes (or oligarchs), the first Angevin king of Hungary established dynamic diplomatic relationships where his connections to the papal court played a crucial role. The sources suggest that the relation of Charles I with the papacy was the golden thread in his diplomacy with Western Europe, and still, it is one of the less known topics in the Hungarian historiography. My doctoral thesis which was written and defended in the framework of a cooperation of the Universities of Angers (France) and Szeged (Hungary) intended to fill this gap in the Hungarian historical research. This paper summarizes my thesis by presenting the corpus of the sources, the applied methodology, and giving an overview of the preliminary results.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128286522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.05
V. Kovacs
This study examines the question of the toll exemption of the citizen of Pozsony (Bratislava, Slovakia) in the Angevin period and under the rule of Sigismund of Luxembourg. Beyond interpreting the privilege guaranteed in the town charter issued by Andrew III in 1291, we discuss the problems connected to the validity of the privilege. The town charter ensured the Pozsony hospites the toll exemption in the entire kingdom, but only those could benefit from the privilege who travelled with the purpose of trade. Through royal confirmations, the country-wide toll exemption remained in effect throughout the Angevin and Sigismundian periods. All the lawsuits with known outcome ended with the acknowledgement of the exemption from tolls of the burghers of Pozsony except one case: in 1357 the cathedral chapter of Esztergom managed to break the privilege of the exemption with reference to the ancientness and pious donation of their right to collect tolls. Mentions from the reign of Louis I, however, also imply the existence of a lost but partially reconstructed charter issued by Charles I, which granted the Pozsony townspeople a regionally restricted toll exemption. The latter charter of privilege seems to have provided toll exemption for any kind of traffic, meaning transport of persons and goods on the Pozsony–Visegrád and Pozsony–Buda routes (meaning, the routes to the royal court) on and beside the Danube. Charles’s charter providing a ‘Danube toll exemption’ was probably confirmed by Louis, because court records indicate that the privilege was in effect.
{"title":"The Pozsony Toll Exemption in the Angevin and Sigismund Eras","authors":"V. Kovacs","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the question of the toll exemption of the citizen of Pozsony (Bratislava, Slovakia) in the Angevin period and under the rule of Sigismund of Luxembourg. Beyond interpreting the privilege guaranteed in the town charter issued by Andrew III in 1291, we discuss the problems connected to the validity of the privilege. The town charter ensured the Pozsony hospites the toll exemption in the entire kingdom, but only those could benefit from the privilege who travelled with the purpose of trade. Through royal confirmations, the country-wide toll exemption remained in effect throughout the Angevin and Sigismundian periods. All the lawsuits with known outcome ended with the acknowledgement of the exemption from tolls of the burghers of Pozsony except one case: in 1357 the cathedral chapter of Esztergom managed to break the privilege of the exemption with reference to the ancientness and pious donation of their right to collect tolls. Mentions from the reign of Louis I, however, also imply the existence of a lost but partially reconstructed charter issued by Charles I, which granted the Pozsony townspeople a regionally restricted toll exemption. The latter charter of privilege seems to have provided toll exemption for any kind of traffic, meaning transport of persons and goods on the Pozsony–Visegrád and Pozsony–Buda routes (meaning, the routes to the royal court) on and beside the Danube. Charles’s charter providing a ‘Danube toll exemption’ was probably confirmed by Louis, because court records indicate that the privilege was in effect.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129616113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.06
Tamás Péderi
Novgorod became the mercantile centre of the Northern Rus’ in the 10th century. After the city (or city-state) gained independence from Kiev in 1136, its main aim was to keep this position as its economy was based on trade. Evidently, the military and economic interests of the Novgorodian elite met and determined the city’s war policy. The early period, especially the 12th century was the creation of the “Novgorod Land”, expanding the city’s possessions in all corners of the region. During this expansion, Novgorod conquered local tribes and settlements in north-eastern Europe but instead of incorporating them directly into its realm, the city-state rather maintained taxing centres to get primary products as tribute for the Baltic trade. This expansive period ended around the 1220s when strong new enemies appeared at Novgorod’s borders: “Latin” crusaders in the West and Mongols in the East. Facing these new challenges Novgorod strengthened its dependencies and began to follow new, defensive policy. In this paper, my aim is to introduce the early, expansive period of Novgorod’s history and to highlight the links between the military activities and the economic interests of the city.
{"title":"The Role of Economy in the Early Wars of Novgorod","authors":"Tamás Péderi","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.06","url":null,"abstract":"Novgorod became the mercantile centre of the Northern Rus’ in the 10th century. After the city (or city-state) gained independence from Kiev in 1136, its main aim was to keep this position as its economy was based on trade. Evidently, the military and economic interests of the Novgorodian elite met and determined the city’s war policy. The early period, especially the 12th century was the creation of the “Novgorod Land”, expanding the city’s possessions in all corners of the region. During this expansion, Novgorod conquered local tribes and settlements in north-eastern Europe but instead of incorporating them directly into its realm, the city-state rather maintained taxing centres to get primary products as tribute for the Baltic trade. This expansive period ended around the 1220s when strong new enemies appeared at Novgorod’s borders: “Latin” crusaders in the West and Mongols in the East. Facing these new challenges Novgorod strengthened its dependencies and began to follow new, defensive policy. In this paper, my aim is to introduce the early, expansive period of Novgorod’s history and to highlight the links between the military activities and the economic interests of the city.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.03
G. Kiss
The present paper aimes to examine the first Hungarian cardinal, Stephen Báncsa’s family. It uses the term familia in a large sense involving both bood relatives and members of the court being in official relations with the cardinal as well. The paper presents the composition of the family, its functioning as a personal network which had a several influence on beneficiary policy and university studies as well.
{"title":"Cardinal’s familia as a Network in the 13th Century","authors":"G. Kiss","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.03","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aimes to examine the first Hungarian cardinal, Stephen Báncsa’s family. It uses the term familia in a large sense involving both bood relatives and members of the court being in official relations with the cardinal as well. The paper presents the composition of the family, its functioning as a personal network which had a several influence on beneficiary policy and university studies as well.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121160095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.09
D. Molnár
In the year 1606 Edward Forset published his quite curious book, under the title, A Comparative Discourse of the Bodies Natural and Politique. His book is an example of the glorification of the idea of sovereignty, and thus requires more attention in the shadow of the works of Hobbes and Bodin. Forset is mostly preoccupied with the analogy between bodies natural and politic. In European political theory, starting with the 12th century, with John of Salisbury and his famous treatise Policraticus, one can notice the emergence of a political metaphor consisting in drawing an analogy between the medieval state and the human body. Furthermore the medieval and early modern mind was dominated by the idea that man was a microcosm which faithfully mirrored, on a lesser scale, the universal macrocosm. That was the basis for the analogy between the human body and the state and it was openly acknowledged by political and literary authors, such as Forset or the more famous James IV and I, king of England and Scotland. My aim with this paper is to explore the ideological backround of Forset's work, which could serve as a solution for the different and also ambigious historical approches, that concerned this work. In my reading the numerous inconsistencies of the discourse can only be processed if we approach the text as an ideological performance and not as an example of social and political conflict.
{"title":"Harmony and Discord between Sovereignty and the Body Politic in Edward Forset's Comparative Discourse","authors":"D. Molnár","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.09","url":null,"abstract":"In the year 1606 Edward Forset published his quite curious book, under the title, A Comparative Discourse of the Bodies Natural and Politique. His book is an example of the glorification of the idea of sovereignty, and thus requires more attention in the shadow of the works of Hobbes and Bodin. Forset is mostly preoccupied with the analogy between bodies natural and politic. In European political theory, starting with the 12th century, with John of Salisbury and his famous treatise Policraticus, one can notice the emergence of a political metaphor consisting in drawing an analogy between the medieval state and the human body. Furthermore the medieval and early modern mind was dominated by the idea that man was a microcosm which faithfully mirrored, on a lesser scale, the universal macrocosm. That was the basis for the analogy between the human body and the state and it was openly acknowledged by political and literary authors, such as Forset or the more famous James IV and I, king of England and Scotland. My aim with this paper is to explore the ideological backround of Forset's work, which could serve as a solution for the different and also ambigious historical approches, that concerned this work. In my reading the numerous inconsistencies of the discourse can only be processed if we approach the text as an ideological performance and not as an example of social and political conflict.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121374544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.15170/spmnnv.2019.10.05
Ágnes Maléth
Following the first Italian campaign of Louis I, the papal court tried to prevent the Hungarian king from attacking the Kingdom of Naples for the second time. Pope Clement VI sent a prominent member of the papal curia as legatus a latere to Louis I to negotiate: Gui de Boulogne, cardinal presbyter of S. Caecilia. As the consequence of the shortness of his stay in the Hungarian Kingdom, the legatine activity of the cardinal has rather been neglected by the historiography until now. The main aim of this present study is therefore to examine Gui dé Boulogne’s légation in Hungary in detail, as well as to propose a new approach for the analysis and consider the topic from the institutional-historical point of view.
{"title":"The Legation of Gui de Boulogne in the Hungarian Kingdom","authors":"Ágnes Maléth","doi":"10.15170/spmnnv.2019.10.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2019.10.05","url":null,"abstract":"Following the first Italian campaign of Louis I, the papal court tried to prevent the Hungarian king from attacking the Kingdom of Naples for the second time. Pope Clement VI sent a prominent member of the papal curia as legatus a latere to Louis I to negotiate: Gui de Boulogne, cardinal presbyter of S. Caecilia. As the consequence of the shortness of his stay in the Hungarian Kingdom, the legatine activity of the cardinal has rather been neglected by the historiography until now. The main aim of this present study is therefore to examine Gui dé Boulogne’s légation in Hungary in detail, as well as to propose a new approach for the analysis and consider the topic from the institutional-historical point of view.","PeriodicalId":391066,"journal":{"name":"Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126955155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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