Agnieszka Kruczek, M. Basińska, Izabela Grzankowska
{"title":"Temperamental determinants of coping flexibility in adolescents","authors":"Agnieszka Kruczek, M. Basińska, Izabela Grzankowska","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2019.84354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2019.84354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2019.84354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70509969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magdalena Gugała-Iwaniuk, E. Łojek, W. Lipczyńska-Łojkowska, B. Sawicka, A. Bochyńska, R. Poniatowska, W. Lechowicz, H. Sienkiewicz-Jarosz
Purpose: To examine the dynamics and cognitive indicators of neuropsychological change in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A total of 50 patients with MCI diagnosis and a control group of 33 healthy people took part in the study. A multidomain cognitive battery was administered and the volume of both regions of the hippocampus were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Two assessments were made at a 24 month interval. According to the dynamics of global cognitive decline in two years the MCI patients were divided into stable (sMCI) and deteriorating (dMCI) groups. The three groups were comparable in terms of demographic variables and emotional state. Results: At baseline there was no significant difference between MCI groups on the level of the General Cognitive Functioning Index (GFI); however, the dMCI patients made significantly more errors in their performance. Hippocampal volumes were also similar in the MCI groups. After two years, the dMCI patients showed significant decline in the GFI and verbal memory as compared with the remaining groups. Hippocampal volumes significantly decreased in both MCI groups. There was a moderate relationship between the change in cognitive state and the change in left hippocampal volumetry in the MCI group as a whole (r = 0.4). Cognitive factors of inaccurate recall and perseverations differentiated the sMCI and dMCI patients at baseline (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that neuropsychological indicators of verbal memory functions and executive aspects of memory seem to have a significant value in predicting cognitive deterioration in MCI patients.
{"title":"Dynamics of neurocognitive change in patients with mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Magdalena Gugała-Iwaniuk, E. Łojek, W. Lipczyńska-Łojkowska, B. Sawicka, A. Bochyńska, R. Poniatowska, W. Lechowicz, H. Sienkiewicz-Jarosz","doi":"10.5114/PPN.2019.86253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/PPN.2019.86253","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To examine the dynamics and cognitive indicators of neuropsychological change in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A total of 50 patients with MCI diagnosis and a control group of 33 healthy people took part in the study. A multidomain cognitive battery was administered and the volume of both regions of the hippocampus were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Two assessments were made at a 24 month interval. According to the dynamics of global cognitive decline in two years the MCI patients were divided into stable (sMCI) and deteriorating (dMCI) groups. The three groups were comparable in terms of demographic variables and emotional state. Results: At baseline there was no significant difference between MCI groups on the level of the General Cognitive Functioning Index (GFI); however, the dMCI patients made significantly more errors in their performance. Hippocampal volumes were also similar in the MCI groups. After two years, the dMCI patients showed significant decline in the GFI and verbal memory as compared with the remaining groups. Hippocampal volumes significantly decreased in both MCI groups. There was a moderate relationship between the change in cognitive state and the change in left hippocampal volumetry in the MCI group as a whole (r = 0.4). Cognitive factors of inaccurate recall and perseverations differentiated the sMCI and dMCI patients at baseline (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that neuropsychological indicators of verbal memory functions and executive aspects of memory seem to have a significant value in predicting cognitive deterioration in MCI patients.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/PPN.2019.86253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70510105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Basińska, Sandra Przyborowska-Stankiewicz, Agnieszka Kruczek, A. Liebert
Purpose: The question concerning coping competencies among other factors that improve quality of life of the chronically ill seems to be of particular importance. The aim of the study was to examine how private self-awareness defined in terms of rumination and reflection processes is related to flexibility both in thinking and coping as pivotal elements of adaptation to chronic illness. Methods: Participants in the study were 100 patients with non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis). The following instruments were used: the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ) by Paul D. Trapnell and Jennifer D. Campbell, the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire by John P. Dennis and Jillon S. Vander Wal, the Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire by Małgorzata A. Basińska and collaborators, the Short Self-Assessment of Depression and Anxiety by Andrzej Kokoszka, and a sociodemographic questionnaire developed by the present authors. Results: Ruminative tendencies were found to correlate negatively with a single dimension of cognitive flexibility, i.e. sense of control, and with a single dimension of coping flexibility, i.e. repertoire of coping strategies. Both these relationships were strengthened by the presence of self-assessed depression symptoms (the former), and self-assessed anxiety (the latter). The significance of reflective tendencies for flexi- bility was limited to a simple relationship with the dimensions of alternatives, variability and reflectiveness. Conclusions: In the work with people suffering from non-specific inflammatory bowel conditions it is important to reduce the pa- tients’ ruminative tendencies and monitor their anxiety and depression symptoms. If such symptoms are persistent, appropriate interventions seem to be equally important. H2: Relationships of ruminative and reflective tendencies with cognitive flexibility and coping flexibility are mediated by depression and anxiety.
目的:在改善慢性病患者生活质量的其他因素中,有关应对能力的问题似乎特别重要。这项研究的目的是为了研究在反思和反思过程中定义的私人自我意识是如何与思维和应对的灵活性相关的,这是适应慢性疾病的关键因素。方法:研究对象为100例非特异性炎症性肠病(克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎)患者。本研究使用了以下工具:Paul D. Trapnell和Jennifer D. Campbell的反思性问卷(RRQ), John P. Dennis和Jillon S. Vander Wal的认知灵活性问卷,Małgorzata a . Basińska及其合作者的应对压力灵活性问卷,Andrzej Kokoszka的抑郁和焦虑短期自我评估问卷,以及本作者开发的社会人口调查问卷。结果:反刍倾向与认知灵活性的单一维度(控制感)和应对灵活性的单一维度(应对策略库)呈负相关。自我评估的抑郁症状(前者)和自我评估的焦虑(后者)的存在加强了这两种关系。反思倾向对灵活性的意义仅限于与可选择性、可变性和反思性的维度之间的简单关系。结论:在非特异性炎症性肠病患者的工作中,减少患者的反刍倾向和监测他们的焦虑和抑郁症状是重要的。如果这些症状持续存在,适当的干预措施似乎同样重要。H2:抑郁和焦虑介导了反刍和反思倾向与认知灵活性和应对灵活性的关系。
{"title":"Reflective-ruminative tendencies and coping flexibility in patients with non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"M. Basińska, Sandra Przyborowska-Stankiewicz, Agnieszka Kruczek, A. Liebert","doi":"10.5114/PPN.2019.86254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/PPN.2019.86254","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The question concerning coping competencies among other factors that improve quality of life of the chronically ill seems to be of particular importance. The aim of the study was to examine how private self-awareness defined in terms of rumination and reflection processes is related to flexibility both in thinking and coping as pivotal elements of adaptation to chronic illness. Methods: Participants in the study were 100 patients with non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis). The following instruments were used: the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ) by Paul D. Trapnell and Jennifer D. Campbell, the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire by John P. Dennis and Jillon S. Vander Wal, the Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire by Małgorzata A. Basińska and collaborators, the Short Self-Assessment of Depression and Anxiety by Andrzej Kokoszka, and a sociodemographic questionnaire developed by the present authors. Results: Ruminative tendencies were found to correlate negatively with a single dimension of cognitive flexibility, i.e. sense of control, and with a single dimension of coping flexibility, i.e. repertoire of coping strategies. Both these relationships were strengthened by the presence of self-assessed depression symptoms (the former), and self-assessed anxiety (the latter). The significance of reflective tendencies for flexi- bility was limited to a simple relationship with the dimensions of alternatives, variability and reflectiveness. Conclusions: In the work with people suffering from non-specific inflammatory bowel conditions it is important to reduce the pa- tients’ ruminative tendencies and monitor their anxiety and depression symptoms. If such symptoms are persistent, appropriate interventions seem to be equally important. H2: Relationships of ruminative and reflective tendencies with cognitive flexibility and coping flexibility are mediated by depression and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/PPN.2019.86254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70510501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Hat, P. Błądziński, A. Arciszewska, Artur Kochański, A. Cechnicki
This study conducted Schizophrenia Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the opinions of Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) on psychiatry and psychiatrists and on attitudes towards psychiatry among the general population, and to compare PCPs’ views with the results of the research on psychiatrists’ attitudes. Methods: A survey method was used with self-completion questionnaires. The analysis was based on 211 questionnaires. Results: 97% of PCPs state that the primary form of treatment for psychiatric patients should be some form of out-patient health care. 61% of PCPs state that the prestige of psychiatry in the opinion of doctors of other specializations is average, 50% think that majority of psychiatrists are satisfied with their choice of specialization, and 73% believe that the level of responsibility of a psychiatrist is high. 71% of PCPs believe that the funding of psychiatry is on a lower level than in other areas of medicine, 67% believe that psychiatric treatment is moderately effective, while 26% state that it is highly effective. However, PCPs believe that 60% of the society assesses it as moderately effective and 38% as ineffective or mostly ineffective. Conclusions: Almost all PCPs state that the primary form of treatment for psychiatric patients should be community care. They do not see psychiatry as being so underfunded and stigmatized within the society as psychiatrists do. PCPs assess the efficacy of psychiatric treatment to be at a much higher level than do psychiatrists, which may result from a limited contact with the group of severely ill patients. The opinions indicate a need to introduce educational programs for family doctors.
{"title":"Opinions of primary care physicians and psychiatrists \u0000on psychiatry and psychiatrists – a comparison","authors":"Marta Hat, P. Błądziński, A. Arciszewska, Artur Kochański, A. Cechnicki","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2019.89132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2019.89132","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducted Schizophrenia Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the opinions of Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) on psychiatry and psychiatrists and on attitudes towards psychiatry among the general population, and to compare PCPs’ views with the results of the research on psychiatrists’ attitudes. Methods: A survey method was used with self-completion questionnaires. The analysis was based on 211 questionnaires. Results: 97% of PCPs state that the primary form of treatment for psychiatric patients should be some form of out-patient health care. 61% of PCPs state that the prestige of psychiatry in the opinion of doctors of other specializations is average, 50% think that majority of psychiatrists are satisfied with their choice of specialization, and 73% believe that the level of responsibility of a psychiatrist is high. 71% of PCPs believe that the funding of psychiatry is on a lower level than in other areas of medicine, 67% believe that psychiatric treatment is moderately effective, while 26% state that it is highly effective. However, PCPs believe that 60% of the society assesses it as moderately effective and 38% as ineffective or mostly ineffective. Conclusions: Almost all PCPs state that the primary form of treatment for psychiatric patients should be community care. They do not see psychiatry as being so underfunded and stigmatized within the society as psychiatrists do. PCPs assess the efficacy of psychiatric treatment to be at a much higher level than do psychiatrists, which may result from a limited contact with the group of severely ill patients. The opinions indicate a need to introduce educational programs for family doctors.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2019.89132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70510891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}