A. Kalisz, Dagmara Mętel, A. Daren, P. Błądziński, Dawid Kruk, A. Cechnicki
Purpose: The study assessed the associations between negative symptoms measured with the BPRS-WR (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Withdrawal, Retardation), persistent negative symptoms (PNS) and deficit syndrome (DS) with severity of symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM III were examined during their first psychiatric hospital admission and after 1, 3, 7, 12 and 20 years. The group with the BPRS-WR symptoms was selected on the basis of an evaluation conducted one year after discharge from their first hospitalization. The PNS and DS groups were selected following examinations performed at discharge and one year later. The proxy for deficit syndrome (PDS) method was used to assess DS. Results: A greater severity of negative syndrome and PNS was associated with greater severity of positive symptoms and poorer general functioning at subsequent measurement points. No such associations were found for the DS. A higher BPRS-WR score was the most stable predictor and explainer of a greater severity of positive and negative schizophrenia symptoms and deterioration in subjects’ functioning over the 20-year period. This association often weakened as the observation time lengthened. Conclusions: The association of negative symptoms with the severity of the symptoms of schizophrenia and the level of functioning decreased as the criteria eliminating secondary negative symptoms were gradually introduced.
目的:本研究评估用BPRS-WR(精神分裂症简易评定量表-戒断、迟钝)、持续阴性症状(PNS)和缺陷综合征(DS)测量的20年精神分裂症患者的症状严重程度和功能水平之间的关系。方法:对50例根据DSM III诊断为精神分裂症的患者，分别在首次入院时和入院后1、3、7、12、20年进行检查。有BPRS-WR症状的组是根据首次住院出院一年后进行的评估选择的。PNS组和DS组分别在出院时和一年后进行检查。采用代用缺陷综合征(proxy for deficit syndrome, PDS)方法评价缺陷综合征。结果:在随后的测量点，阴性综合征和PNS的严重程度越高，阳性症状的严重程度越高，一般功能越差。在DS中没有发现这种关联。较高的BPRS-WR评分是20年间阳性和阴性精神分裂症症状更严重以及受试者功能恶化的最稳定的预测因子和解释因子。这种联系往往随着观察时间的延长而减弱。结论:随着消除继发阴性症状标准的逐步引入，阴性症状与精神分裂症症状严重程度和功能水平的相关性降低。
{"title":"Negative syndrome, persistent negative symptoms and deficit syndrome and their associations with severity of clinical symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia","authors":"A. Kalisz, Dagmara Mętel, A. Daren, P. Błądziński, Dawid Kruk, A. Cechnicki","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.94693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94693","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study assessed the associations between negative symptoms measured with the BPRS-WR (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Withdrawal, Retardation), persistent negative symptoms (PNS) and deficit syndrome (DS) with severity of symptoms and level of functioning in 20-year schizophrenia. Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM III were examined during their first psychiatric hospital admission and after 1, 3, 7, 12 and 20 years. The group with the BPRS-WR symptoms was selected on the basis of an evaluation conducted one year after discharge from their first hospitalization. The PNS and DS groups were selected following examinations performed at discharge and one year later. The proxy for deficit syndrome (PDS) method was used to assess DS. Results: A greater severity of negative syndrome and PNS was associated with greater severity of positive symptoms and poorer general functioning at subsequent measurement points. No such associations were found for the DS. A higher BPRS-WR score was the most stable predictor and explainer of a greater severity of positive and negative schizophrenia symptoms and deterioration in subjects’ functioning over the 20-year period. This association often weakened as the observation time lengthened. Conclusions: The association of negative symptoms with the severity of the symptoms of schizophrenia and the level of functioning decreased as the criteria eliminating secondary negative symptoms were gradually introduced.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.94693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra Kielan, Dagny Gorostiza, A. Mosiołek, J. Chodkiewicz, Ł. Święcicki, B. Walewska‐Zielecka
{"title":"Depression in males – specificity, aetiology, relationships with suicidal tendencies and the psychoactive substances usage: literature overview","authors":"Aleksandra Kielan, Dagny Gorostiza, A. Mosiołek, J. Chodkiewicz, Ł. Święcicki, B. Walewska‐Zielecka","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.94695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94695","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.94695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hirschfeld, Daniel Lubiński, Łukasz Szumerowicz
Purpose: The first-time psychotic incident is a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of definite tests that initially verify the underlying cause. Differential diagnosis should include autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDA receptors antibodies (NMDARE). The waiting time for the antibodies determination, being the only method of confirmation, may exceed several days. The article presents the capability of electroencephalographic study (EEG) to strengthen the NMDARE suspicion. Case description: In a 19-year-old healthy woman sudden behavioural changes occurred. Initially, psychotic episode was diagnosed. Severity of the symptoms and no reaction to the treatment determined further diagnostics. Based on clinical symptoms and EEG, NMDARE was diagnosed and adequate treatment initiated. Antibody assay confirmed this diagnosis. Comment: The presence of extreme delta brush in the EEG with the clinical suspicion of NMDARE allows to accelerate therapy in anticipation of antibodies determination. The EEG can be a valuable diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis, especially in the first psychotic episode.
{"title":"Differentiation of the first psychotic episode and autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, using the EEG findings – case report and literature review","authors":"A. Hirschfeld, Daniel Lubiński, Łukasz Szumerowicz","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.94696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94696","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The first-time psychotic incident is a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of definite tests that initially verify the underlying cause. Differential diagnosis should include autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDA receptors antibodies (NMDARE). The waiting time for the antibodies determination, being the only method of confirmation, may exceed several days. The article presents the capability of electroencephalographic study (EEG) to strengthen the NMDARE suspicion. Case description: In a 19-year-old healthy woman sudden behavioural changes occurred. Initially, psychotic episode was diagnosed. Severity of the symptoms and no reaction to the treatment determined further diagnostics. Based on clinical symptoms and EEG, NMDARE was diagnosed and adequate treatment initiated. Antibody assay confirmed this diagnosis. Comment: The presence of extreme delta brush in the EEG with the clinical suspicion of NMDARE allows to accelerate therapy in anticipation of antibodies determination. The EEG can be a valuable diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis, especially in the first psychotic episode.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.94696","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: People with schizophrenia diagnosis experience anxiety in similar severity as people with anxiety disorders diagnosis and much more often and stronger than healthy individuals. Anxiety is associated with negative consequences such as worse social functioning, increased risk of symptom recurrence and a higher risk of suicide. The aim of this study was a description and qualitative analysis of the experience of anxiety in a person diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: A partially structured interview was conducted with a 26-year-old woman, who has been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia for six years. The study uses a qualitative method of data analysis – Interpretative Phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results: Basing on the interview, five main subjects were extracted: (1) positive symptoms as a source of anxiety in psychosis, (2) the reasons why anxiety in psychosis is a particularly difficult experience, (3) anxiety in remission, (4) dealing with anxiety, (5) insight. Conclusions: Anxiety in psychosis is stronger and harder to deal with it comapred with anxiety in remission. The fear during psychosis is, for our interlocutor, particularly difficult due to persecutory delusions, feelings of loss of control, lack of criticism and suicidal thoughts. Important aspects of dealing with psychotic anxiety can be: a critical look at psychotic symptoms, feelings of control over anxiety and support from the environment. Our interlocutor compared anxiety experienced during remission to anxiety of healthy but neurotic individuals. In addition, anxiety in remission in a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be triggered by places and memories of the period of psychosis, which supports the concept of postpsychotic PTSD.
{"title":"The experience of anxiety in person with schizophrenia – study based on interpretative phenomenological analysis","authors":"Mercedes M. Kuk, R. Styła","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.97368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.97368","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: People with schizophrenia diagnosis experience anxiety in similar severity as people with anxiety disorders diagnosis and much more often and stronger than healthy individuals. Anxiety is associated with negative consequences such as worse social functioning, increased risk of symptom recurrence and a higher risk of suicide. The aim of this study was a description and qualitative analysis of the experience of anxiety in a person diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: A partially structured interview was conducted with a 26-year-old woman, who has been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia for six years. The study uses a qualitative method of data analysis – Interpretative Phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results: Basing on the interview, five main subjects were extracted: (1) positive symptoms as a source of anxiety in psychosis, (2) the reasons why anxiety in psychosis is a particularly difficult experience, (3) anxiety in remission, (4) dealing with anxiety, (5) insight. Conclusions: Anxiety in psychosis is stronger and harder to deal with it comapred with anxiety in remission. The fear during psychosis is, for our interlocutor, particularly difficult due to persecutory delusions, feelings of loss of control, lack of criticism and suicidal thoughts. Important aspects of dealing with psychotic anxiety can be: a critical look at psychotic symptoms, feelings of control over anxiety and support from the environment. Our interlocutor compared anxiety experienced during remission to anxiety of healthy but neurotic individuals. In addition, anxiety in remission in a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be triggered by places and memories of the period of psychosis, which supports the concept of postpsychotic PTSD.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.97368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This case study exemplifies the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based intervention in the socially excluded patient. The hypothesis tests the use of the ACT based intervention as the therapeutic programme for indi viduals with a GAD diagnosis and with subthreshold levels of psychopathological symptoms. Case description: A female patient, aged 52, with increased levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, complaining about exces sive worrying, after an initial interview took part in a 12session intervention programme based on ACT. She was examined twice with WAQII, STAI, AAQII ,VLQ and DASS21 questionnaires. The results showed decrease in problematic symptomatology and improvement in psychological flexibility. Comment: The use of an ACTbased intervention can be a useful method in the early stages of mental disorders. Further quanti tative research into the effectiveness of this type of intervention is recommended, including online programs or selfhelp guides.
{"title":"The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy-based intervention in therapy for mental health disorders – case study","authors":"Agnieszka Chojak, A. Papińska","doi":"10.5114/PPN.2020.103637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/PPN.2020.103637","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This case study exemplifies the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based intervention in the socially excluded patient. The hypothesis tests the use of the ACT based intervention as the therapeutic programme for indi viduals with a GAD diagnosis and with subthreshold levels of psychopathological symptoms. Case description: A female patient, aged 52, with increased levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, complaining about exces sive worrying, after an initial interview took part in a 12session intervention programme based on ACT. She was examined twice with WAQII, STAI, AAQII ,VLQ and DASS21 questionnaires. The results showed decrease in problematic symptomatology and improvement in psychological flexibility. Comment: The use of an ACTbased intervention can be a useful method in the early stages of mental disorders. Further quanti tative research into the effectiveness of this type of intervention is recommended, including online programs or selfhelp guides.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The paper presents conclusions from a comparative analysis of the medical and court documentation of a 5-year-old patient on the autism spectrum. The goal of the research was to identify potential cognitive errors made by the evaluating court experts. Case description: During the meeting of the County Committee for the Assessment of Disability, the patient was denied a proper dis- ability certificate taking into account his actual level of impaired functioning. The patient’s family appealed against the decision and had court experts appointed to re-assess the case. The documentation created in this process served as the material for the analysis presented in this paper. Comment: The study analyses the risk of cognitive errors that may occur in the assessments issued by court experts appointed to evaluate the level of patient’s disability. This is due to the fact that such evaluations are often based, among other things, on a stereo- typical perception of ASD-people or personal susceptibility to certain heuristics. Self-advocacy and neuro-diversity movements have been campaigning to change the assessment-issuing system for years but have been unsuccessful. Exposing the cognitive errors that can be found in expert assessments in a full-scale study might constitute an important step towards improving the current state of affairs.
{"title":"Case study: cognitive errorsin court experts’ assessments in autism spectrum cases","authors":"M. Wodziński","doi":"10.5114/PPN.2020.103638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/PPN.2020.103638","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The paper presents conclusions from a comparative analysis of the medical and court documentation of a 5-year-old patient on the autism spectrum. The goal of the research was to identify potential cognitive errors made by the evaluating court experts. Case description: During the meeting of the County Committee for the Assessment of Disability, the patient was denied a proper dis- ability certificate taking into account his actual level of impaired functioning. The patient’s family appealed against the decision and had court experts appointed to re-assess the case. The documentation created in this process served as the material for the analysis presented in this paper. Comment: The study analyses the risk of cognitive errors that may occur in the assessments issued by court experts appointed to evaluate the level of patient’s disability. This is due to the fact that such evaluations are often based, among other things, on a stereo- typical perception of ASD-people or personal susceptibility to certain heuristics. Self-advocacy and neuro-diversity movements have been campaigning to change the assessment-issuing system for years but have been unsuccessful. Exposing the cognitive errors that can be found in expert assessments in a full-scale study might constitute an important step towards improving the current state of affairs.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak, Edyta Bzikowska, Klaudia Jabłońska, A. Kłok
Purpose: Neural networks may be used to solve problems in the field of psychology and sexology. In particular, it seems that neural networks may be important to limit the unintentional contact of minors with pornographic material. The aim of the study was to create the neural networks model for the classification of pornographic (also fetishist) materials from non-pornographic materials. Methods: In order to create a new model, the sAI 0.3 model was used as the basic model. The fast.ai library version 1.0.55 was used. A modified version of ResNet152 was adopted as the neural network architecture. The sexACT database was modified to include new training material – 1630 non-pornographic photos of women. A total of 1304 photos (80% of the set) were used to train the network and the remaining 326 photos (20% of the set) were used for its later validation. Results: As a result of the research, the sAI 0.4 model was created, enabling binary classification of pornographic and non-por-nographic materials with 96% accuracy. The model tends to make more the first type of error than the second type of errors. The model has a high precision (0.94) and high sensitivity (0.88). The final validation loss was 0.1314. Conclusions: The potential benefits of using the discussed model from a clinical perspective were discussed. The application of the discussed model could prevent the negative effects of contact of minors with pornographic material, which could consequently limit the prevalence of risky sexual behavior or negative psychosocial effects.
{"title":"Binary classification of pornographic and non-pornographic materials using the sAI 0.4 model and the modified sexACT database","authors":"W. Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak, Edyta Bzikowska, Klaudia Jabłońska, A. Kłok","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.96975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.96975","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Neural networks may be used to solve problems in the field of psychology and sexology. In particular, it seems that neural networks may be important to limit the unintentional contact of minors with pornographic material. The aim of the study was to create the neural networks model for the classification of pornographic (also fetishist) materials from non-pornographic materials. Methods: In order to create a new model, the sAI 0.3 model was used as the basic model. The fast.ai library version 1.0.55 was used. A modified version of ResNet152 was adopted as the neural network architecture. The sexACT database was modified to include new training material – 1630 non-pornographic photos of women. A total of 1304 photos (80% of the set) were used to train the network and the remaining 326 photos (20% of the set) were used for its later validation. Results: As a result of the research, the sAI 0.4 model was created, enabling binary classification of pornographic and non-por-nographic materials with 96% accuracy. The model tends to make more the first type of error than the second type of errors. The model has a high precision (0.94) and high sensitivity (0.88). The final validation loss was 0.1314. Conclusions: The potential benefits of using the discussed model from a clinical perspective were discussed. The application of the discussed model could prevent the negative effects of contact of minors with pornographic material, which could consequently limit the prevalence of risky sexual behavior or negative psychosocial effects.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.96975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wspomnienie o dr Danucie Hajdukiewicz (1926–2020)","authors":"I. Markiewicz","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.97365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.97365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.97365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justyna Frasuńska, B. Tarnacka, Piotr Wojdasiewicz
Purpose: The study compares the quality of life (QOL) in tetra- and paraplegic patients over the first 3 years after injury. An addi- tional goal is to determine whether there is correlation between selected factors based on medical records, the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life – short version of the questionnaire), and the SIP68 (Sickness Impact Profile – short version of the questionnaire) scales and these groups of patients. Methods: A total of 72 patients with locomotor disability, following spinal cord injury (SCI), were involved in the study. Patients completed the WHOQOL-BREF and SIP68 scales. The comparative analysis between the paraplegic ( n = 33) and tetraplegic ( n = 39) group, and correlations between selected factors based on medical records and the above-mentioned scales was made. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the assessment of SIP68 subscales: the somatic autonomy score was higher in paraplegic patients and the social behavior and mobility range scores were higher in patients with tetraplegia. Correlations between total WHOQOL-BREF score and ability to concentrate, refraining from any recreational activity, lack of gait and no professional ac- tivity were noticed in tetraplegia patients. Statistical significance was observed in correlations between total WHOQOL-BREF score and inability to bathe and get dressed without assistance, doing the washing, shopping and reduced socializing in paraplegia patients. Conclusions: The presented differences in the assessment of QOL between both patient groups revealed the specific social, psycho- logical and physical needs of patients. This is necessary for the development of effective treatment, depending on the level of injury, which may enable a faster return to optimal QOL for SCI patients.
{"title":"Quality of life in patients with tetraplegia and paraplegia after traumatic spinal cord injury","authors":"Justyna Frasuńska, B. Tarnacka, Piotr Wojdasiewicz","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.101441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.101441","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study compares the quality of life (QOL) in tetra- and paraplegic patients over the first 3 years after injury. An addi- tional goal is to determine whether there is correlation between selected factors based on medical records, the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life – short version of the questionnaire), and the SIP68 (Sickness Impact Profile – short version of the questionnaire) scales and these groups of patients. Methods: A total of 72 patients with locomotor disability, following spinal cord injury (SCI), were involved in the study. Patients completed the WHOQOL-BREF and SIP68 scales. The comparative analysis between the paraplegic ( n = 33) and tetraplegic ( n = 39) group, and correlations between selected factors based on medical records and the above-mentioned scales was made. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the assessment of SIP68 subscales: the somatic autonomy score was higher in paraplegic patients and the social behavior and mobility range scores were higher in patients with tetraplegia. Correlations between total WHOQOL-BREF score and ability to concentrate, refraining from any recreational activity, lack of gait and no professional ac- tivity were noticed in tetraplegia patients. Statistical significance was observed in correlations between total WHOQOL-BREF score and inability to bathe and get dressed without assistance, doing the washing, shopping and reduced socializing in paraplegia patients. Conclusions: The presented differences in the assessment of QOL between both patient groups revealed the specific social, psycho- logical and physical needs of patients. This is necessary for the development of effective treatment, depending on the level of injury, which may enable a faster return to optimal QOL for SCI patients.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70511829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Atrophic processes of the brain affect the quality of life of patients whose cognitive functions and daily activity are already affected at the stage of the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is possible that in addition to pathogenic processes, the patient’s emotions at the diagnostic stage can coexist with the course of the disease. We have evaluated the coexistence of emotional reactions in patients with CIS with the formation of atrophic brain changes in patients with MS as well as their association with the functional disability of the patient. Methods: Thirty patients were examined at the CIS stage and during a repeated clinical attack of MS. The patient’s emotional reac- tion was assessed at the time of the CIS diagnosis and one week later. For the estimation of atrophic processes of the brain, according to the MRI data on its dynamics, 23 linear parameters and 14 indices were used. Results: The corpus callosum index was the most significant area of brain atrophy in a repeated attack of MS. There was a strong correlation between the negative emotional response to the diagnosis (shock and denial) and the degree of atrophy of the corpus callosum during repeated clinical attack of the disease as well as with a greater functional failure of the patient. Patients who reported experiencing anxiety or relief did not show increased atrophy. Conclusions: The emotional response in the form of shock or denial of the diagnosis coexists with corpus callosum atrophy. The pa- tient’s emotional background affects the prognosis and the level of functional disability during the repeated clinical attack.
{"title":"Coexistence of emotional reactions and atrophic brain changes in patients with clinically isolated syndrome of multiple sclerosis","authors":"O. Shulga, Ihor Vydyborets, T. Mamchych","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2020.94690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2020.94690","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Atrophic processes of the brain affect the quality of life of patients whose cognitive functions and daily activity are already affected at the stage of the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is possible that in addition to pathogenic processes, the patient’s emotions at the diagnostic stage can coexist with the course of the disease. We have evaluated the coexistence of emotional reactions in patients with CIS with the formation of atrophic brain changes in patients with MS as well as their association with the functional disability of the patient. Methods: Thirty patients were examined at the CIS stage and during a repeated clinical attack of MS. The patient’s emotional reac- tion was assessed at the time of the CIS diagnosis and one week later. For the estimation of atrophic processes of the brain, according to the MRI data on its dynamics, 23 linear parameters and 14 indices were used. Results: The corpus callosum index was the most significant area of brain atrophy in a repeated attack of MS. There was a strong correlation between the negative emotional response to the diagnosis (shock and denial) and the degree of atrophy of the corpus callosum during repeated clinical attack of the disease as well as with a greater functional failure of the patient. Patients who reported experiencing anxiety or relief did not show increased atrophy. Conclusions: The emotional response in the form of shock or denial of the diagnosis coexists with corpus callosum atrophy. The pa- tient’s emotional background affects the prognosis and the level of functional disability during the repeated clinical attack.","PeriodicalId":39142,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/ppn.2020.94690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70512200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：