{"title":"Is It Time to Revise the Competency-Based Assessment? Objective Structured Clinical Examination and Technology Integration","authors":"Haniye Mastour, Nazanin Shamaeian Razavi","doi":"10.5812/semj-138785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-138785","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135306738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Bakhtiari Aliabad, Niusha Sadeghi, Mahdi Mokhtari-Payam, Somayeh Seddighi, Seyed Jafar Ehsanzadehsorati, Fatemeh Mohammad Beygi
Background: This study presents the legal obligations set for the main stakeholders in the establishment and implementation of electronic health (e-health) records in Iran and investigates the fulfillment of these obligations. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using document analysis. The research population comprised all the documents, laws, reports, and policies of the establishment and utilization of electronic health records in Iran. Sampling was purposive, and all the internal documents of Iran were included until the end of May 2022. A data extraction form was used to collect the data, and Scott's criterion was used to select the documents. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Based on the documents, 56% of the sentences were implemented, and 22% were not enforced according to the assigned tasks. The status of the execution of tasks by the main players was also extracted. The most important of these included the drafting of the electronic health security and privacy regulations, not providing the conditions for receiving electronic copies in the e-records, creating internal automation for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education instead of the e-health records system, instability of the integrated portal for exchanging health information and disconnection of the majority of service centers, eliminating the extension of the validity of paper booklets, operationalizing the online entitlement system, using the first phase of the electronic prescription project, not inserting nursing notes in the records, recording financial and administrative information instead of clinical ones, refusal of numerous doctors to write electronic prescriptions, using an alternative method of two-step verification instead of electronic signature, the progress of coding and drug authenticity, and the non-implementation of medical equipment coding. Conclusions: Reviewing the status of the enforcement of approvals also revealed that the format of actions since 2018 has ended with a positive result. The main achievement so far has been electronic prescription, while it should be noted that prescription is only part of the electronic health record project.
{"title":"Establishment and Utilization of Electronic Health Records in Iran: A Review of the Policy Documents of the Past Four Decades","authors":"Mohammad Bakhtiari Aliabad, Niusha Sadeghi, Mahdi Mokhtari-Payam, Somayeh Seddighi, Seyed Jafar Ehsanzadehsorati, Fatemeh Mohammad Beygi","doi":"10.5812/semj-137492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-137492","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study presents the legal obligations set for the main stakeholders in the establishment and implementation of electronic health (e-health) records in Iran and investigates the fulfillment of these obligations. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using document analysis. The research population comprised all the documents, laws, reports, and policies of the establishment and utilization of electronic health records in Iran. Sampling was purposive, and all the internal documents of Iran were included until the end of May 2022. A data extraction form was used to collect the data, and Scott's criterion was used to select the documents. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Based on the documents, 56% of the sentences were implemented, and 22% were not enforced according to the assigned tasks. The status of the execution of tasks by the main players was also extracted. The most important of these included the drafting of the electronic health security and privacy regulations, not providing the conditions for receiving electronic copies in the e-records, creating internal automation for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education instead of the e-health records system, instability of the integrated portal for exchanging health information and disconnection of the majority of service centers, eliminating the extension of the validity of paper booklets, operationalizing the online entitlement system, using the first phase of the electronic prescription project, not inserting nursing notes in the records, recording financial and administrative information instead of clinical ones, refusal of numerous doctors to write electronic prescriptions, using an alternative method of two-step verification instead of electronic signature, the progress of coding and drug authenticity, and the non-implementation of medical equipment coding. Conclusions: Reviewing the status of the enforcement of approvals also revealed that the format of actions since 2018 has ended with a positive result. The main achievement so far has been electronic prescription, while it should be noted that prescription is only part of the electronic health record project.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Beikmohammadi, Baqer Amir Heidari, Tania Dahesh, Mahmood Nekoei-Moghadam, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Ebrahim Hassani, Hossein Habibzadeh
Background: Hospitals are the front line of dealing with Incidents. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) incidents are alarming for governments' healthcare providers and the public. Therefore, they must make the necessary preparations to deal with these incidents. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the preparedness of hospitals against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents and the related influential factors. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional survey in northwest Iran, 2020-2022. The statistical population was the hospitals of West Azerbaijan province. The inclusion criteria were that hospitals must be university or therapeutic affiliated with the West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences, and at least one year had to be passed since the hospital’s operation. Also, the exclusion criteria were that the hospitals were on the verge of closing or changing their use. In this way, 26 hospitals in West Azerbaijan were studied. The "Canadian Center for Emergency Preparedness" evaluation checklist research tool was used to determine the level of preparedness of the studied hospitals in CBRN incidents. The data was collected for 5 months, from January to May 2021. Cronbach's alpha score for this checklist was 0.94. Descriptive and analytical statistics indicators were used for data analysis using SPSS 20 software. Results: The study showed that the hospitals lacked the preparation, capacities, and abilities to deal with CBRN incidents. In the single-variable mode, in the chemical dimension, the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the biological aspect, per capita educational factors in the biological domain (P = 0.03), the number of facility personnel (P = 0.04), the number of infectious disease specialists (P = 0.02), the number of equipment with optimal laboratory capabilities (P = 0.04), and the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the radiological and nuclear dimensions per capita of nuclear education (P = 0.01) and dosimeter (P = 0.03), and the general dimension the CBRN training per capita (P = 0.004), the number of personnel (P = 0.015), and laboratory equipment (P = 0.006) had a significant relationship with the preparedness of hospitals against CBRN incidents (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Overall, this study's results showed that hospitals' preparedness against CBRN incidents was unsatisfactory, and appropriate policies needed to be adopted to improve it.
{"title":"Investigating the Level of Preparedness of Iranian Hospitals against CBRN Incidents: A Case Study of Hospitals in West Azerbaijan Province","authors":"Saeed Beikmohammadi, Baqer Amir Heidari, Tania Dahesh, Mahmood Nekoei-Moghadam, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Ebrahim Hassani, Hossein Habibzadeh","doi":"10.5812/semj-133707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-133707","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospitals are the front line of dealing with Incidents. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) incidents are alarming for governments' healthcare providers and the public. Therefore, they must make the necessary preparations to deal with these incidents. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the preparedness of hospitals against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents and the related influential factors. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional survey in northwest Iran, 2020-2022. The statistical population was the hospitals of West Azerbaijan province. The inclusion criteria were that hospitals must be university or therapeutic affiliated with the West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences, and at least one year had to be passed since the hospital’s operation. Also, the exclusion criteria were that the hospitals were on the verge of closing or changing their use. In this way, 26 hospitals in West Azerbaijan were studied. The \"Canadian Center for Emergency Preparedness\" evaluation checklist research tool was used to determine the level of preparedness of the studied hospitals in CBRN incidents. The data was collected for 5 months, from January to May 2021. Cronbach's alpha score for this checklist was 0.94. Descriptive and analytical statistics indicators were used for data analysis using SPSS 20 software. Results: The study showed that the hospitals lacked the preparation, capacities, and abilities to deal with CBRN incidents. In the single-variable mode, in the chemical dimension, the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the biological aspect, per capita educational factors in the biological domain (P = 0.03), the number of facility personnel (P = 0.04), the number of infectious disease specialists (P = 0.02), the number of equipment with optimal laboratory capabilities (P = 0.04), and the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the radiological and nuclear dimensions per capita of nuclear education (P = 0.01) and dosimeter (P = 0.03), and the general dimension the CBRN training per capita (P = 0.004), the number of personnel (P = 0.015), and laboratory equipment (P = 0.006) had a significant relationship with the preparedness of hospitals against CBRN incidents (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Overall, this study's results showed that hospitals' preparedness against CBRN incidents was unsatisfactory, and appropriate policies needed to be adopted to improve it.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136072126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Salivary cortisol could be a good marker for temporomandibular joint disorders. This article aimed to study the association between salivary cortisol and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched according to the PRISMA guidelines without restricting the publication start date until October 2022. Only case-control studies were included in the study. The critical appraisal checklist of the Joanna Briggs Institute was utilized to appraise the selected articles. Results: Of 1173 articles found, 23 studies were eligible, and 18 were meta-analyzed. A total of 696 TMD patients and 785 controls were included. Meta-analysis showed that salivary cortisol was significantly higher in patients with TMD than the controls. Meta-regression showed that the difference in mean salivary cortisol decreased significantly between the two groups with increasing age. Conclusions: The salivary cortisol in patients with TMD is significantly higher than in the controls. As the heterogeneity among the studies was high, more studies are required to verify this association.
背景:唾液皮质醇可能是颞下颌关节疾病的一个很好的标志。本文旨在探讨唾液皮质醇与颞下颌关节疾病(TMD)的关系。方法:根据PRISMA指南检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和Embase，不限制出版日期至2022年10月。本研究仅纳入病例对照研究。使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所的关键评估清单来评估选定的文章。结果:在发现的1173篇文章中，23篇研究符合条件，18篇进行了meta分析。共纳入696例TMD患者和785例对照。荟萃分析显示，TMD患者的唾液皮质醇明显高于对照组。meta回归显示，随着年龄的增加，两组间平均唾液皮质醇的差异显著降低。结论:TMD患者唾液皮质醇水平明显高于对照组。由于研究之间的异质性较高，需要更多的研究来验证这种关联。
{"title":"Association Between Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Salivary Cortisol Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"H. Eslami, Bita Azizi, K. Katebi, Z. Hoseini","doi":"10.5812/semj-137608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-137608","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Salivary cortisol could be a good marker for temporomandibular joint disorders. This article aimed to study the association between salivary cortisol and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched according to the PRISMA guidelines without restricting the publication start date until October 2022. Only case-control studies were included in the study. The critical appraisal checklist of the Joanna Briggs Institute was utilized to appraise the selected articles. Results: Of 1173 articles found, 23 studies were eligible, and 18 were meta-analyzed. A total of 696 TMD patients and 785 controls were included. Meta-analysis showed that salivary cortisol was significantly higher in patients with TMD than the controls. Meta-regression showed that the difference in mean salivary cortisol decreased significantly between the two groups with increasing age. Conclusions: The salivary cortisol in patients with TMD is significantly higher than in the controls. As the heterogeneity among the studies was high, more studies are required to verify this association.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79342549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maani Beizaei, C. Torabizadeh, Sara Shojaei‐Zarghani, A. Safarpour, M. Mehrabi, M. Jorat
Background: Exercise stress test (EST) is commonly performed to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. Patients undergoing EST usually experience anxiety and stress mainly because they lack knowledge about the test. Objectives: The present double-blinded randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of education via face-to-face, interactive multimedia, and short messaging service (SMS) methods on anxiety level (main outcome) and vital signs (secondary outcomes) in candidates for EST. Methods: Candidates of EST with moderate to severe anxiety were allocated randomly (block size of 6) to receive education via the face-to-face routine method (control, n = 47), multimedia (n = 48), or SMS (n = 49). The educational content was similar in the groups and focused on EST methods, preparations, and potential adverse effects. Anxiety was assessed at baseline and one week after education. The patients’ blood pressure and pulse rate were measured at baseline, before, and after the EST. Results: One-hundred-forty-four patients completed the study. The post-intervention anxiety reduced significantly in the SMS group compared to the control group (P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -1.09) and in the SMS group compared to the multimedia group (P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -0.83). The anxiety score was not significantly different between the multimedia and control groups (P = 0.454, Cohen’s d = -0.26), although within-group comparison showed a significant decrease in the multimedia and SMS groups. Patients who received education via SMS also experienced lower pulse rates than those in the control group. Conclusions: Because of the effectiveness of education via SMS in decreasing patients’ anxiety scores, we recommend using this method to prevent anxiety before EST, especially in developing and low-income countries.
背景:运动应激试验(EST)是诊断心血管疾病的常用方法。接受EST的患者通常会感到焦虑和压力，主要是因为他们对这项测试缺乏了解。目的:本双盲随机对照试验旨在比较面对面教育、交互式多媒体教育和短信教育对EST考生焦虑水平(主要结局)和生命体征(次要结局)的影响。方法:EST考生有中度至重度焦虑，随机分配(组大小为6)，分别接受面对面常规教育(对照组，n = 47)、多媒体教育(n = 48)和短信教育(n = 49)。各组的教育内容相似，并侧重于EST的方法、准备和潜在的不良反应。焦虑在基线和教育后一周进行评估。在EST之前和之后分别测量患者的血压和脉搏率。结果:144名患者完成了研究。短信组干预后焦虑水平较对照组显著降低(P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -1.09)，短信组干预后焦虑水平较多媒体组显著降低(P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -0.83)。多媒体组和对照组的焦虑得分差异无统计学意义(P = 0.454, Cohen’s d = -0.26)，但组内比较显示多媒体组和短信组的焦虑得分显著降低。通过短信接受教育的患者脉搏率也低于对照组。结论:由于短信教育在降低患者焦虑评分方面的有效性，我们建议在EST前使用这种方法预防焦虑，特别是在发展中国家和低收入国家。
{"title":"Effect of Three Educational Methods on Anxiety and Hemodynamics of Candidates for Exercise Stress Test: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Maani Beizaei, C. Torabizadeh, Sara Shojaei‐Zarghani, A. Safarpour, M. Mehrabi, M. Jorat","doi":"10.5812/semj-136829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-136829","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exercise stress test (EST) is commonly performed to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. Patients undergoing EST usually experience anxiety and stress mainly because they lack knowledge about the test. Objectives: The present double-blinded randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of education via face-to-face, interactive multimedia, and short messaging service (SMS) methods on anxiety level (main outcome) and vital signs (secondary outcomes) in candidates for EST. Methods: Candidates of EST with moderate to severe anxiety were allocated randomly (block size of 6) to receive education via the face-to-face routine method (control, n = 47), multimedia (n = 48), or SMS (n = 49). The educational content was similar in the groups and focused on EST methods, preparations, and potential adverse effects. Anxiety was assessed at baseline and one week after education. The patients’ blood pressure and pulse rate were measured at baseline, before, and after the EST. Results: One-hundred-forty-four patients completed the study. The post-intervention anxiety reduced significantly in the SMS group compared to the control group (P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -1.09) and in the SMS group compared to the multimedia group (P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = -0.83). The anxiety score was not significantly different between the multimedia and control groups (P = 0.454, Cohen’s d = -0.26), although within-group comparison showed a significant decrease in the multimedia and SMS groups. Patients who received education via SMS also experienced lower pulse rates than those in the control group. Conclusions: Because of the effectiveness of education via SMS in decreasing patients’ anxiety scores, we recommend using this method to prevent anxiety before EST, especially in developing and low-income countries.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78917452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Hoseini Kasnavieh, S. Mousavi, M. Veisi, A. Tahmasebi
Background: Different countries have used different methods to reduce trauma-related mortality and its complications. Objectives: Splint is a temporary and conventional method of fixing an injured organ. Therefore, evaluating the quality of life in trauma patients with splint immobilization is important. Methods: This prospective study was performed on 287 trauma patients with splint immobilization in two baseline periods and one month later in Haft-e-Tir and Rasoul-e-Akram hospitals. The Data collection tool was the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Paired t-test was used to assess the changes in the quality of life. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean quality of life in the study's first phase was 76.31 ± 9.42, and one month after splint immobilization was 76.13 ± 8.98, and there was no significant difference between the two phases. The Splint immobilization of the patients significantly affected the quality of life in 5 out of 8 dimensions. Still, the intervention increased the scores in 3 dimensions and decreased scores in 2 dimensions. The results showed that social performance (P = 0.01), energy and vitality (P < 0.001), and emotional health (P < 0.001) increased, and physical performance (P = 0.01) and general health (P = 0.001) decreased, and they were significantly different in the two phases. There were no significant differences between emotional limitation, physical limitation, and pain in the two phases of the study. Conclusions: Splint immobilization of patients improved the quality of life in 5 out of 8 dimensions. After a month, the trauma-related mental and physical shock did not disappear, and even the patients were more sensitive to quality-of-life questions due to time spent with splint immobilization and familiarity with its limitations. The patients tried to reflect on their dissatisfaction with splint immobilization.
{"title":"The Quality of Life of Trauma Patients with Splint Immobilization","authors":"Mohamad Hoseini Kasnavieh, S. Mousavi, M. Veisi, A. Tahmasebi","doi":"10.5812/semj-136752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-136752","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Different countries have used different methods to reduce trauma-related mortality and its complications. Objectives: Splint is a temporary and conventional method of fixing an injured organ. Therefore, evaluating the quality of life in trauma patients with splint immobilization is important. Methods: This prospective study was performed on 287 trauma patients with splint immobilization in two baseline periods and one month later in Haft-e-Tir and Rasoul-e-Akram hospitals. The Data collection tool was the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Paired t-test was used to assess the changes in the quality of life. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean quality of life in the study's first phase was 76.31 ± 9.42, and one month after splint immobilization was 76.13 ± 8.98, and there was no significant difference between the two phases. The Splint immobilization of the patients significantly affected the quality of life in 5 out of 8 dimensions. Still, the intervention increased the scores in 3 dimensions and decreased scores in 2 dimensions. The results showed that social performance (P = 0.01), energy and vitality (P < 0.001), and emotional health (P < 0.001) increased, and physical performance (P = 0.01) and general health (P = 0.001) decreased, and they were significantly different in the two phases. There were no significant differences between emotional limitation, physical limitation, and pain in the two phases of the study. Conclusions: Splint immobilization of patients improved the quality of life in 5 out of 8 dimensions. After a month, the trauma-related mental and physical shock did not disappear, and even the patients were more sensitive to quality-of-life questions due to time spent with splint immobilization and familiarity with its limitations. The patients tried to reflect on their dissatisfaction with splint immobilization.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86998007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Road Traffic Accidents of Undocumented Immigrants Crossing Southeast Borders of Iran","authors":"M. Khammarnia, F. Setoodehzadeh","doi":"10.5812/semj-138162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-138162","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82329092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahsa Rekabi, Parisa Honarpisheh, M. Karimi-Galougahi, V. Rekabi, Maryam Vasheghani, N. Eslami, S. Sharafian, Hooman Sharifi, A. Mahdaviani, M. Mansouri, Sasan Vasegh, A. Shirvani, Paniz Pourpashang
Background: Anxiety and depression in patients with asthma have been linked to frequent exacerbations, increased use of healthcare resources, and poor asthma control. Objectives: In the current study, we examined the correlations between asthma and symptoms of depression/anxiety in adolescents with asthma referred to Masih Daneshvari and Mofid hospitals during 2020 - 2021. Methods: The current observational, cross-sectional study was conducted by administering the Spence Children Anxiety Scale and a demographic information checklist among 105 subjects. Asthma severity was measured using forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), the number of short-acting β-2 agonists used per week or month, the number of night awakenings per week or month, having asthma symptoms in daily activities, the number of asthma attacks needing oral corticosteroids per year, and the number of disease exacerbations per week or month. Data were analyzed, and the correlation between the variables was investigated through linear regression and ordinal logistic regression. Results: Patients with a mean age of 11.3 ± 2.5 years showed a mean overall anxiety score of 14 ± 9 out of 114. There was a significant negative correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (P < 0.001). There was also a direct correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and the frequency of using β-2 agonists, the number of night awakenings, interference with normal functions, and exacerbation frequency (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings indicated a significant association between anxiety disorders and asthma in children. Considering the high prevalence of asthma in Iran than the global average, studying the underlying mechanisms of anxiety and psychological and environmental variables in children with asthma can aid in developing effective psychological therapies.
{"title":"Correlation Between Anxiety Disorders and Asthma Severity Indices in Asthmatic Children","authors":"Mahsa Rekabi, Parisa Honarpisheh, M. Karimi-Galougahi, V. Rekabi, Maryam Vasheghani, N. Eslami, S. Sharafian, Hooman Sharifi, A. Mahdaviani, M. Mansouri, Sasan Vasegh, A. Shirvani, Paniz Pourpashang","doi":"10.5812/semj-130199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-130199","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anxiety and depression in patients with asthma have been linked to frequent exacerbations, increased use of healthcare resources, and poor asthma control. Objectives: In the current study, we examined the correlations between asthma and symptoms of depression/anxiety in adolescents with asthma referred to Masih Daneshvari and Mofid hospitals during 2020 - 2021. Methods: The current observational, cross-sectional study was conducted by administering the Spence Children Anxiety Scale and a demographic information checklist among 105 subjects. Asthma severity was measured using forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), the number of short-acting β-2 agonists used per week or month, the number of night awakenings per week or month, having asthma symptoms in daily activities, the number of asthma attacks needing oral corticosteroids per year, and the number of disease exacerbations per week or month. Data were analyzed, and the correlation between the variables was investigated through linear regression and ordinal logistic regression. Results: Patients with a mean age of 11.3 ± 2.5 years showed a mean overall anxiety score of 14 ± 9 out of 114. There was a significant negative correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (P < 0.001). There was also a direct correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and the frequency of using β-2 agonists, the number of night awakenings, interference with normal functions, and exacerbation frequency (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings indicated a significant association between anxiety disorders and asthma in children. Considering the high prevalence of asthma in Iran than the global average, studying the underlying mechanisms of anxiety and psychological and environmental variables in children with asthma can aid in developing effective psychological therapies.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"54 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77617408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Astaneh, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi, Mohammad Reza Astaneh
Introduction: Brachial plexus variations have been observed in some people. The median nerve is one of the branches of this plexus, formed by the union of the medial and lateral cords. The median nerve usually does not have a branch in the arm region and innervates the forearm and hand muscles. Case Presentation: During the dissection of the right axillary cavity of a 74-year-old male donor for medical students, the variation in the innervation of arm muscles was observed. Unexpectedly, the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles were innervated by the branches of the median nerve. The median nerve normally does not have a branch in the arm region and innervates the forearm and hand muscles. The musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7) is a terminal branch of the lateral cord and innervates the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm, namely coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis muscles. Conclusions: The innervation of the arm's anterior compartment muscles by the median nerve is a rare variation that has never been seen in this country. Awareness of such anatomical variations is necessary for physicians and clinicians. These variations should be taken into consideration during axillary region surgeries.
{"title":"Abnormal Innervation of the Arm Muscles by the Median Nerve: A Case Report","authors":"M. E. Astaneh, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi, Mohammad Reza Astaneh","doi":"10.5812/semj-134642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-134642","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Brachial plexus variations have been observed in some people. The median nerve is one of the branches of this plexus, formed by the union of the medial and lateral cords. The median nerve usually does not have a branch in the arm region and innervates the forearm and hand muscles. Case Presentation: During the dissection of the right axillary cavity of a 74-year-old male donor for medical students, the variation in the innervation of arm muscles was observed. Unexpectedly, the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles were innervated by the branches of the median nerve. The median nerve normally does not have a branch in the arm region and innervates the forearm and hand muscles. The musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7) is a terminal branch of the lateral cord and innervates the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm, namely coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis muscles. Conclusions: The innervation of the arm's anterior compartment muscles by the median nerve is a rare variation that has never been seen in this country. Awareness of such anatomical variations is necessary for physicians and clinicians. These variations should be taken into consideration during axillary region surgeries.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78958094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Amanzadeh, M. Hamedan, A. Mohammadnia, Abdollah Mahdavi
Context: The number of people with dementia is increasing dramatically. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, digital screening tests can play a significant role in the remote and timely detection of people with dementia. This study aimed to review digital cognitive tests for dementia screening. Methods: We searched Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane using related terms such as “dementia,” “mobile,” “digital,” “computer,” and “cognitive assessment,” leading to the emergence of 1,348 articles. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened to select the relevant articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Study characteristics and digital test features such as diagnostic performance and deploying platforms were extracted from selected articles. The risk of bias and reporting quality were evaluated in the included studies. Results: Out of 1,348 identified articles, 32 were eligible for inclusion. We categorized digital cognitive tests into 3 groups based on deploying platforms: 1) Mobile-based screening tests (59.5%), 2) desktop-based screening tests (28%), and 3) web-based screening tests (12.5%). Conclusions: Digital cognitive tests, especially mobile-based screening tests, facilitate the timely diagnosis of dementia. The development of AI-based screening tests and the use of technologies such as virtual reality and chatbots will set a bright future in the early detection of dementia.
背景:痴呆症患者的数量正在急剧增加。随着COVID-19大流行的爆发，数字筛查测试可以在远程和及时发现痴呆症患者方面发挥重要作用。这项研究旨在回顾用于痴呆症筛查的数字认知测试。方法:我们搜索Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus和Cochrane，使用相关术语，如“痴呆”，“移动”，“数字”，“计算机”和“认知评估”，导致出现1348篇文章。对标题、摘要和全文进行筛选，根据纳入/排除标准选择相关文章。从选定的文章中提取研究特征和数字测试特征，如诊断性能和部署平台。在纳入的研究中评估偏倚风险和报告质量。结果:在鉴定的1348篇文章中，32篇符合纳入条件。我们根据部署平台将数字认知测试分为3组:1)基于手机的筛选测试(59.5%)，2)基于桌面的筛选测试(28%)，3)基于网络的筛选测试(12.5%)。结论:数字认知测试，特别是基于移动的筛查测试，有助于及时诊断痴呆症。基于人工智能的筛查测试的发展，以及虚拟现实和聊天机器人等技术的使用，将为痴呆症的早期检测创造一个光明的未来。
{"title":"Digital Cognitive Tests for Dementia Screening: A Systematic Review","authors":"M. Amanzadeh, M. Hamedan, A. Mohammadnia, Abdollah Mahdavi","doi":"10.5812/semj-137241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-137241","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The number of people with dementia is increasing dramatically. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, digital screening tests can play a significant role in the remote and timely detection of people with dementia. This study aimed to review digital cognitive tests for dementia screening. Methods: We searched Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane using related terms such as “dementia,” “mobile,” “digital,” “computer,” and “cognitive assessment,” leading to the emergence of 1,348 articles. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened to select the relevant articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Study characteristics and digital test features such as diagnostic performance and deploying platforms were extracted from selected articles. The risk of bias and reporting quality were evaluated in the included studies. Results: Out of 1,348 identified articles, 32 were eligible for inclusion. We categorized digital cognitive tests into 3 groups based on deploying platforms: 1) Mobile-based screening tests (59.5%), 2) desktop-based screening tests (28%), and 3) web-based screening tests (12.5%). Conclusions: Digital cognitive tests, especially mobile-based screening tests, facilitate the timely diagnosis of dementia. The development of AI-based screening tests and the use of technologies such as virtual reality and chatbots will set a bright future in the early detection of dementia.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72751958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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