{"title":"Prevalence of Taking a Polyherbal Formulation Attributed to So-called Islamic Medicine Among Iranian Patients with COVID-19","authors":"M. Parvizi, M. Pasalar","doi":"10.5812/semj-136865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-136865","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88450507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kord, Maryam Chamangasht, Mahnaz Akbari Kamrani, Sedigheh Zalzar, Malihe Farid
Background: Despite the implementation of the Health Transformation Plan in recent years, the cesarean section (CS) rate has increased in private and public centers in Iran. Accordingly, Iran is the first among the four countries in the world with the highest CS rate. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the non-obstetric causes of CS in mothers who were referred to the Medical Services Commission of Alborz province, Iran, to review their requests for CS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 312 subjects were selected based on a census of all clients by the Midwifery Office of Alborz province, whose requests for CS for non-obstetric reasons were submitted to the Medical Services Commission in 2020. The information in this study was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire containing 26 items in two sociodemographic and medical sections. Results: The highest frequency of sociodemographic factors was observed for the age range of 20 - 30 years (n = 163, 52.2%), the educational level of diploma and higher (n = 236, 75.6%), urban residence (n = 274, 87.8%), and no complementary insurance (n = 258, 82.7%). The frequency distribution of the non-obstetric reasons of the participants was reported as 83 (26.6%), 60 (19.2%), 25 (8%), 24 (7.7%), 20 (6.4%), 14 (4.5%), and 86 (27.6%) for lumbar disc disease, eye diseases, repeat CS, genital warts, in vitro fertilization, fear of childbirth pain, and other causes, respectively. There was a significant association between the reason for requesting CS and the age group (P < 0.001), the type of insurance (P = 0.043), and the mother’s educational level (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In the present study, most of the women in the younger age group and non-employees requested a CS for non-obstetric reasons.
{"title":"Non-obstetric Causes of Cesarean Section in Iranian Pregnant Women Referring to Medical Services Commission","authors":"A. Kord, Maryam Chamangasht, Mahnaz Akbari Kamrani, Sedigheh Zalzar, Malihe Farid","doi":"10.5812/semj-133678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-133678","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the implementation of the Health Transformation Plan in recent years, the cesarean section (CS) rate has increased in private and public centers in Iran. Accordingly, Iran is the first among the four countries in the world with the highest CS rate. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the non-obstetric causes of CS in mothers who were referred to the Medical Services Commission of Alborz province, Iran, to review their requests for CS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 312 subjects were selected based on a census of all clients by the Midwifery Office of Alborz province, whose requests for CS for non-obstetric reasons were submitted to the Medical Services Commission in 2020. The information in this study was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire containing 26 items in two sociodemographic and medical sections. Results: The highest frequency of sociodemographic factors was observed for the age range of 20 - 30 years (n = 163, 52.2%), the educational level of diploma and higher (n = 236, 75.6%), urban residence (n = 274, 87.8%), and no complementary insurance (n = 258, 82.7%). The frequency distribution of the non-obstetric reasons of the participants was reported as 83 (26.6%), 60 (19.2%), 25 (8%), 24 (7.7%), 20 (6.4%), 14 (4.5%), and 86 (27.6%) for lumbar disc disease, eye diseases, repeat CS, genital warts, in vitro fertilization, fear of childbirth pain, and other causes, respectively. There was a significant association between the reason for requesting CS and the age group (P < 0.001), the type of insurance (P = 0.043), and the mother’s educational level (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In the present study, most of the women in the younger age group and non-employees requested a CS for non-obstetric reasons.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77294896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected humanity in all life areas, particularly stress levels and mental health issues. Objectives: The present research aimed to explore the knowledge, stress level, social distancing, and mental health of the students at the University of Medicine in Albania during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted an anonymous online-based validated survey. We used the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) and the perception of COVID-19’s impact (PCI) on well-being. The study’s inclusion criteria included having access to the Internet and being a student at the University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania. We used the statistical package SPSS 26.0 in this study. To analyze numeric variables, we used descriptive statistics and the chi-square test to analyze cross-tabulations of the survey response data for categorical variables. Results: Out of 521 students participating in our study (median age = 20 (1.3) years), 484 (92.9%) were female, and 37 (7.1%) were male; 62.4% had an adequate understanding of the transmission ways of COVID-19 (P = 0.0002); 16.8% of the students reported that social distancing had a significant impact on their psychological status, while 6.33% reported a moderate impact, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.0001). Concerning the students’ approach to trusted sources of information during the COVID-19 pandemic, 85.4% reported that they trusted information from friends, 11.1% from the World Health Organization (WHO), and 2.1% from the government (P = 0.0001). We observed a positive correlation according to Pearson chi-square and the likelihood ratio tests between treatment for health problems and health risks of the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.0041); 4.4% of students have reported being treated for mental health issues during the COVID-19-related quarantine period (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: Future lockdown strategies should consider the detrimental effects on student mental health. Based on the findings of our study, the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant distress among students. Universities should also adopt a creative and supportive approach to encourage and tackle students’ mental health problems during a pandemic.
{"title":"Health Behaviors of Albanian Students at the University of Medicine during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic","authors":"S. Enkelejda, Shtiza Diamant","doi":"10.5812/semj-137263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-137263","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected humanity in all life areas, particularly stress levels and mental health issues. Objectives: The present research aimed to explore the knowledge, stress level, social distancing, and mental health of the students at the University of Medicine in Albania during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted an anonymous online-based validated survey. We used the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) and the perception of COVID-19’s impact (PCI) on well-being. The study’s inclusion criteria included having access to the Internet and being a student at the University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania. We used the statistical package SPSS 26.0 in this study. To analyze numeric variables, we used descriptive statistics and the chi-square test to analyze cross-tabulations of the survey response data for categorical variables. Results: Out of 521 students participating in our study (median age = 20 (1.3) years), 484 (92.9%) were female, and 37 (7.1%) were male; 62.4% had an adequate understanding of the transmission ways of COVID-19 (P = 0.0002); 16.8% of the students reported that social distancing had a significant impact on their psychological status, while 6.33% reported a moderate impact, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.0001). Concerning the students’ approach to trusted sources of information during the COVID-19 pandemic, 85.4% reported that they trusted information from friends, 11.1% from the World Health Organization (WHO), and 2.1% from the government (P = 0.0001). We observed a positive correlation according to Pearson chi-square and the likelihood ratio tests between treatment for health problems and health risks of the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.0041); 4.4% of students have reported being treated for mental health issues during the COVID-19-related quarantine period (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: Future lockdown strategies should consider the detrimental effects on student mental health. Based on the findings of our study, the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant distress among students. Universities should also adopt a creative and supportive approach to encourage and tackle students’ mental health problems during a pandemic.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81896727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Moradi, H. Ranjbaran, Mazyar Moradi, M. Amjadian
Background: It is necessary to study high-risk behaviors among intravenous drug users, as well as the effectiveness of the syringe-needle program to help health officials adopt appropriate health policies in order to promote public health services. Therefore, it is necessary to gather and present up-to-date evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. Methods: The study aimed to evaluate a harm-reducing program using a self-report tool before and after implementing an interventional program, consisting of training on low-risk injection methods, sterilization methods for injection devices, reducing the risks of drug abuse and sexual behaviors, HIV and hepatitis B counseling and testing, apportioning sterile syringes, needles, cotton, alcohol, and condoms, offering methadone maintenance treatment, collecting and discarding contaminated needles, and referral of patients to specialized medical centers. These procedures were performed in two drop-in centers (DIC) in Hamadan. Participants were recruited by the census, including 188 volunteers from the DICs. Descriptive statistics for quantitative variables were mean and standard deviation. Absolute and relative frequencies were used for ranked and categorized variables. Analytical analysis for high-risk behaviors before and after the intervention was performed using the tests related to paired data and, if necessary, regression models (P ≤ 0.05). STATA version 12 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 188 people participated in this study, of whom 112 (59.6%) were male, and 76 (40.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation of the age of the participants was 47.72 ± 10.88. The results showed that the proportions of non-injecting drug users (P = 0.03), injecting drug users (P = 0.008), and co-injection users (P < 0.001) were significantly different compared before admission to the DICs and two months after discharge (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Programs of DICs, especially educational programs and distributing syringes and needles, play a significant role in reducing high-risk behaviors, at least in the short term. As a result, this practice may help reduce the incidence of HIV and other diseases transmitted through joint injections among drug users.
{"title":"The Effect of Harm-reducing Programs in Drop-in Centers on the Frequency of High-Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users in Hamadan","authors":"A. Moradi, H. Ranjbaran, Mazyar Moradi, M. Amjadian","doi":"10.5812/semj-132283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-132283","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is necessary to study high-risk behaviors among intravenous drug users, as well as the effectiveness of the syringe-needle program to help health officials adopt appropriate health policies in order to promote public health services. Therefore, it is necessary to gather and present up-to-date evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. Methods: The study aimed to evaluate a harm-reducing program using a self-report tool before and after implementing an interventional program, consisting of training on low-risk injection methods, sterilization methods for injection devices, reducing the risks of drug abuse and sexual behaviors, HIV and hepatitis B counseling and testing, apportioning sterile syringes, needles, cotton, alcohol, and condoms, offering methadone maintenance treatment, collecting and discarding contaminated needles, and referral of patients to specialized medical centers. These procedures were performed in two drop-in centers (DIC) in Hamadan. Participants were recruited by the census, including 188 volunteers from the DICs. Descriptive statistics for quantitative variables were mean and standard deviation. Absolute and relative frequencies were used for ranked and categorized variables. Analytical analysis for high-risk behaviors before and after the intervention was performed using the tests related to paired data and, if necessary, regression models (P ≤ 0.05). STATA version 12 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 188 people participated in this study, of whom 112 (59.6%) were male, and 76 (40.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation of the age of the participants was 47.72 ± 10.88. The results showed that the proportions of non-injecting drug users (P = 0.03), injecting drug users (P = 0.008), and co-injection users (P < 0.001) were significantly different compared before admission to the DICs and two months after discharge (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Programs of DICs, especially educational programs and distributing syringes and needles, play a significant role in reducing high-risk behaviors, at least in the short term. As a result, this practice may help reduce the incidence of HIV and other diseases transmitted through joint injections among drug users.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86550075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Keshani, Negin Shirvani, Sara Hedayati, Faranak Rastegari, M. Ghorbani, Mohammad Hossein Alaghehbandi, B. Honarvar, K. Bagheri Lankarani
Context: Considering the importance of bread as a staple food in many countries around the world, including Iran, Objectives: This study aimed to assess the nutritional values (i.e., protein content, fat content, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant activity) of quinoa-wheat bread compared to simple wheat bread. Methods: A search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as Google Scholar search engine. After screening the title and full-text of the articles, data were extracted by two independent researchers; a third researcher interfered in case of disagreement. Keywords, including “Chenopodium quinoa”, “Quinoa”, and “bread”, were obtained from the MeSh database and the manuscripts of related articles. All papers written in English language, which were published before March 2022, were selected for this review. Results: Among 159 initially extracted articles, 38 were selected by screening the titles and removing duplicates and irrelevant papers. Eleven articles were finally included in this review. Overall, the results showed significantly higher protein, fat, and fiber content in quinoa-wheat bread compared to simple wheat bread. Conclusions: Based on the results, the addition of quinoa flour could promote the health benefits of bread by increasing the protein, lipid, fiber, and micronutrient contents. It is suggested to optimize the nutritional value of the Iranian’s staple food by adding quinoa flour to wheat bread.
背景:考虑到面包在世界上许多国家作为主食的重要性，包括伊朗。目的:本研究旨在评估藜麦小麦面包与普通小麦面包的营养价值(即蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、碳水化合物、维生素、矿物质和抗氧化活性)。方法:在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science等电子数据库以及谷歌Scholar搜索引擎中进行检索。在对文章的标题和全文进行筛选后，由两位独立的研究者进行数据提取;如果意见不一致，第三位研究人员会介入。关键词为“Chenopodium quinoa”、“quinoa”、“bread”，检索自MeSh数据库及相关文章稿件。所有在2022年3月之前发表的英文论文均被纳入本次评审。结果:在159篇初步提取的文献中，通过筛选题目，剔除重复和不相关的文献，最终筛选出38篇。11篇文章最终被纳入本综述。总体而言，研究结果显示，藜麦小麦面包中的蛋白质、脂肪和纤维含量明显高于普通小麦面包。结论:藜麦粉的添加可以提高面包的蛋白质、脂肪、纤维和微量营养素含量，从而促进面包的健康。建议在小麦面包中加入藜麦粉，以优化伊朗主食的营养价值。
{"title":"Nutritional Effects of Adding Quinoa to Bread: A Systematic Review","authors":"P. Keshani, Negin Shirvani, Sara Hedayati, Faranak Rastegari, M. Ghorbani, Mohammad Hossein Alaghehbandi, B. Honarvar, K. Bagheri Lankarani","doi":"10.5812/semj-134391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-134391","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Considering the importance of bread as a staple food in many countries around the world, including Iran, Objectives: This study aimed to assess the nutritional values (i.e., protein content, fat content, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant activity) of quinoa-wheat bread compared to simple wheat bread. Methods: A search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as Google Scholar search engine. After screening the title and full-text of the articles, data were extracted by two independent researchers; a third researcher interfered in case of disagreement. Keywords, including “Chenopodium quinoa”, “Quinoa”, and “bread”, were obtained from the MeSh database and the manuscripts of related articles. All papers written in English language, which were published before March 2022, were selected for this review. Results: Among 159 initially extracted articles, 38 were selected by screening the titles and removing duplicates and irrelevant papers. Eleven articles were finally included in this review. Overall, the results showed significantly higher protein, fat, and fiber content in quinoa-wheat bread compared to simple wheat bread. Conclusions: Based on the results, the addition of quinoa flour could promote the health benefits of bread by increasing the protein, lipid, fiber, and micronutrient contents. It is suggested to optimize the nutritional value of the Iranian’s staple food by adding quinoa flour to wheat bread.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86067034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Beigi, Mohammad-Hassan Akhavan Karbassi, Zahra Roustaeizade Shooroki
Background: The incorporation of oral health promotion into general healthcare has been proposed by the World Health Organization. General practitioners (GPs) could play a vital role in the promotion of oral healthcare. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the awareness of oral and maxillofacial medicine specialty and its scope of practice among Iranian GPs. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Yazd, Iran. A total of 95 GPs randomly filled out a close-ended questionnaire. Responses to the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The self-administered questionnaire comprised 35 items and covered the demographical details and characteristics of participants, in addition to their awareness of oral and maxillofacial medicine and its scope of practice. Finally, awareness scores were classified as weak, intermediate, and good. The data were analyzed using a t-test and Pearson correlation. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all statistical analyses. Results: Only 24.2% of GPs had enough awareness. The mean score of total awareness about oral diseases was 11.82 ± 3. The mean scores of total awareness for the oral manifestations of systemic diseases, medical considerations in dentistry, and oral lesions were 3.59 ± 1.17, 3.96 ± 1.62, and 4.27 ± 1.65, respectively. Conclusions: According to this study, the awareness of GPs playing a key role regarding oral medicine and oral manifestations of systemic diseases was weak. It is recommended to revise the medical curriculum to incorporate related courses about common oral diseases into the medical curriculum. The aim will only be achieved by improving the coordination between dentists and GPs.
{"title":"Evaluation of Awareness of General Practitioners Working in Yazd, Iran, Concerning Oral Diseases in 2015","authors":"F. Beigi, Mohammad-Hassan Akhavan Karbassi, Zahra Roustaeizade Shooroki","doi":"10.5812/semj-133036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-133036","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incorporation of oral health promotion into general healthcare has been proposed by the World Health Organization. General practitioners (GPs) could play a vital role in the promotion of oral healthcare. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the awareness of oral and maxillofacial medicine specialty and its scope of practice among Iranian GPs. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Yazd, Iran. A total of 95 GPs randomly filled out a close-ended questionnaire. Responses to the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The self-administered questionnaire comprised 35 items and covered the demographical details and characteristics of participants, in addition to their awareness of oral and maxillofacial medicine and its scope of practice. Finally, awareness scores were classified as weak, intermediate, and good. The data were analyzed using a t-test and Pearson correlation. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all statistical analyses. Results: Only 24.2% of GPs had enough awareness. The mean score of total awareness about oral diseases was 11.82 ± 3. The mean scores of total awareness for the oral manifestations of systemic diseases, medical considerations in dentistry, and oral lesions were 3.59 ± 1.17, 3.96 ± 1.62, and 4.27 ± 1.65, respectively. Conclusions: According to this study, the awareness of GPs playing a key role regarding oral medicine and oral manifestations of systemic diseases was weak. It is recommended to revise the medical curriculum to incorporate related courses about common oral diseases into the medical curriculum. The aim will only be achieved by improving the coordination between dentists and GPs.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"94 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83339653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Non-adherence to medication is a significant health problem that affects disease control and increases hospitalization and mortality. One method of evaluating patients’ medication adherence is utilizing standard questionnaires, such as the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Objectives: This study evaluated the reliability of the Persian-translated version of the MMAS among asthma patients. Methods: After the English to Persian translation, back-translation was done, examining the word appropriateness to Iranian culture. A panel of experts in related fields evaluated the questionnaire. The final questionnaire was assessed in 62 asthma patients. Results: The participants’ mean age was 49.62 ± 11.39 years (range: 30 - 72), and the mean duration of asthma was 9.05 ± 6.79 years (range: 1 - 35). The reliability of the questionnaire for four items was 0.637 (95% confidence interval: 0.465 - 0.765; P < 0.001). A significant percentage (29.03%) of the subjects had low drug adherence, and only 30.6% had high adherence. There was no significant correlation between drug adherence and asthma duration (P = 0.441). Conclusions: This study shows that drug adherence is linked to asthma control and the quality of life in asthma patients. The Persian translation of the 4-item MMAS is valid to assess adherence to treatment in asthma patients.
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Persian Translation of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (4-Item Version) in Asthmatic Patients","authors":"S. Mehrabi, Fariba Shahryari","doi":"10.5812/semj-135491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-135491","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-adherence to medication is a significant health problem that affects disease control and increases hospitalization and mortality. One method of evaluating patients’ medication adherence is utilizing standard questionnaires, such as the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Objectives: This study evaluated the reliability of the Persian-translated version of the MMAS among asthma patients. Methods: After the English to Persian translation, back-translation was done, examining the word appropriateness to Iranian culture. A panel of experts in related fields evaluated the questionnaire. The final questionnaire was assessed in 62 asthma patients. Results: The participants’ mean age was 49.62 ± 11.39 years (range: 30 - 72), and the mean duration of asthma was 9.05 ± 6.79 years (range: 1 - 35). The reliability of the questionnaire for four items was 0.637 (95% confidence interval: 0.465 - 0.765; P < 0.001). A significant percentage (29.03%) of the subjects had low drug adherence, and only 30.6% had high adherence. There was no significant correlation between drug adherence and asthma duration (P = 0.441). Conclusions: This study shows that drug adherence is linked to asthma control and the quality of life in asthma patients. The Persian translation of the 4-item MMAS is valid to assess adherence to treatment in asthma patients.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76283444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Khalafi, F. Javaheri, Nasrin Khajeali, M. Haghighizadeh
Background: Gallery Walk (GW) is a student-centered educational method emphasizing team-based learning. In this approach, students actively participate in the learning process while the instructor is a facilitator. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the GW method to the lecture method in teaching the topic of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test approach involving 60 nurse anesthesia students at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2022. The data were collected through 30 four-choice questions assessing the knowledge of nurse anesthetists in the main stages of general anesthesia induction. After randomly assigning students into two homogeneous groups, an intervention group (GW) and a control group (lecture), the study investigated the effects of the two educational methods on learning outcomes and retention of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. This was done by comparing the mean scores of the students on three tests. Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean scores of the immediate posttest (GW: 22.3 ± 0.47, lecture: 20.8 ± 1.01) compared to the pretest (GW: 15.13 ± 0.87, lecture: 14.73 ± 1) (P < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the one-month posttest (GW: 23.37 ± 0.61, lecture: 17.33 ± 1.12) (P < 0.001) between the two groups. No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the mean scores on the immediate posttest (P = 0.186). Unlike the lecture group, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of immediate and delayed (one-month) posttests in the GW group (P = 0.16). Conclusions: The GW method not only enhances knowledge but also proves to be significantly more effective than the lecture method in retaining knowledge of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. Therefore, GW is recommended as an effective educational method for topics that require long-term retention.
{"title":"Using Gallery Walk Method to Enhance Learning Outcomes and Retention of Nurse Anesthesia Students in Iran: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"A. Khalafi, F. Javaheri, Nasrin Khajeali, M. Haghighizadeh","doi":"10.5812/semj-135035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-135035","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gallery Walk (GW) is a student-centered educational method emphasizing team-based learning. In this approach, students actively participate in the learning process while the instructor is a facilitator. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the GW method to the lecture method in teaching the topic of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test approach involving 60 nurse anesthesia students at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2022. The data were collected through 30 four-choice questions assessing the knowledge of nurse anesthetists in the main stages of general anesthesia induction. After randomly assigning students into two homogeneous groups, an intervention group (GW) and a control group (lecture), the study investigated the effects of the two educational methods on learning outcomes and retention of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. This was done by comparing the mean scores of the students on three tests. Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean scores of the immediate posttest (GW: 22.3 ± 0.47, lecture: 20.8 ± 1.01) compared to the pretest (GW: 15.13 ± 0.87, lecture: 14.73 ± 1) (P < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the one-month posttest (GW: 23.37 ± 0.61, lecture: 17.33 ± 1.12) (P < 0.001) between the two groups. No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the mean scores on the immediate posttest (P = 0.186). Unlike the lecture group, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of immediate and delayed (one-month) posttests in the GW group (P = 0.16). Conclusions: The GW method not only enhances knowledge but also proves to be significantly more effective than the lecture method in retaining knowledge of general anesthesia care during the induction phase. Therefore, GW is recommended as an effective educational method for topics that require long-term retention.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90917340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Oncocytic cysts of the larynx are benign, uncommon, and slow-growing lesions that usually occur in elderly people, especially in those with a history of smoking and chronic irritation. These lesions cause various clinical symptoms depending on their location and size, requiring physicians to consider a wide range of symptoms. Case Presentation: Here we present two men who were referred to us because of prolonged voice hoarseness. Conclusions: Medical assessments led us to the diagnosis of oncocytic cysts in the false and true vocal cords. Both patients were followed up after removing their laryngeal cysts and have had no clinical complaints since then.
{"title":"Oncocytic Cystic Lesions of False and True Vocal Cords: An Uncommon Occurrence","authors":"M. Gharib, Mohadeseh Shahraki","doi":"10.5812/semj-136171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-136171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oncocytic cysts of the larynx are benign, uncommon, and slow-growing lesions that usually occur in elderly people, especially in those with a history of smoking and chronic irritation. These lesions cause various clinical symptoms depending on their location and size, requiring physicians to consider a wide range of symptoms. Case Presentation: Here we present two men who were referred to us because of prolonged voice hoarseness. Conclusions: Medical assessments led us to the diagnosis of oncocytic cysts in the false and true vocal cords. Both patients were followed up after removing their laryngeal cysts and have had no clinical complaints since then.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74417548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Congenital atrioventricular heart block (CAVB) is a relatively rare condition that can lead to long-term complications. Early diagnosis and management of CAVB is currently the ideal goal, particularly in high-risk pregnancies. Methods: The Fetal Heart Center at Kurdistan University serves as the primary referral center for pregnant mothers residing in the western region of Iran. Fifteen fetuses with CAVB were admitted between November 2007 and August 2022. They were referred for one or more of the following reasons: fetal bradycardia or arrhythmia, abnormal ultrasound findings, and previous maternal or fetal risk factors. After obtaining a complete medical history, we conducted fetal echocardiography and ordered testing for maternal Lo/Ra autoantibodies. Our therapeutic approach was based on the type of atrioventricular block (AVB), serum titer of Lo/Ra antibodies, and specific risk factors associated with each type of AVB. Consequently, we used a combination of different medications, including dexamethasone, Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), IVIG, beta-agonists, and inotropes. Results: We admitted 15 fetuses with CAVB, including seven females (47%) and eight males (53%). Most of our cases had positive tests for Lo and Ra autoantibodies, with varying degrees of AVB. A previous fetal death was common in our case series, accounting for 47% of cases. Moderate and high antibody titers were present in 80% of our cases. Mild bradycardia was a relatively common finding in our cases of first and second-degree atrioventricular block (AVB), occurring in 33% of patients. All of the above-mentioned findings, commonly referred to as major risk factors, were used for either early evaluation or therapeutic goals. No cases with first-degree AVB developed a higher grade of AVB after our therapeutic approach. One fetus with second-degree AVB developed CCHB, and another with mixed second/third-degree AVB reverted to second-degree AVB with the use of appropriate medications. Conclusions: Our therapeutic approach for the current cases yielded satisfactory results. Subsequently, we attempted to develop a rudimentary approach for early managing and treating fetuses with various types of CAVB. We are looking forward to future multicenter studies.
{"title":"The Success of a New Protocol for Early Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Atrioventricular Block: A Follow-up Study of 15 Fetuses from November 2007 to August 2022","authors":"M. Shahidi, A. Afkhamzadeh","doi":"10.5812/semj-133319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-133319","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital atrioventricular heart block (CAVB) is a relatively rare condition that can lead to long-term complications. Early diagnosis and management of CAVB is currently the ideal goal, particularly in high-risk pregnancies. Methods: The Fetal Heart Center at Kurdistan University serves as the primary referral center for pregnant mothers residing in the western region of Iran. Fifteen fetuses with CAVB were admitted between November 2007 and August 2022. They were referred for one or more of the following reasons: fetal bradycardia or arrhythmia, abnormal ultrasound findings, and previous maternal or fetal risk factors. After obtaining a complete medical history, we conducted fetal echocardiography and ordered testing for maternal Lo/Ra autoantibodies. Our therapeutic approach was based on the type of atrioventricular block (AVB), serum titer of Lo/Ra antibodies, and specific risk factors associated with each type of AVB. Consequently, we used a combination of different medications, including dexamethasone, Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), IVIG, beta-agonists, and inotropes. Results: We admitted 15 fetuses with CAVB, including seven females (47%) and eight males (53%). Most of our cases had positive tests for Lo and Ra autoantibodies, with varying degrees of AVB. A previous fetal death was common in our case series, accounting for 47% of cases. Moderate and high antibody titers were present in 80% of our cases. Mild bradycardia was a relatively common finding in our cases of first and second-degree atrioventricular block (AVB), occurring in 33% of patients. All of the above-mentioned findings, commonly referred to as major risk factors, were used for either early evaluation or therapeutic goals. No cases with first-degree AVB developed a higher grade of AVB after our therapeutic approach. One fetus with second-degree AVB developed CCHB, and another with mixed second/third-degree AVB reverted to second-degree AVB with the use of appropriate medications. Conclusions: Our therapeutic approach for the current cases yielded satisfactory results. Subsequently, we attempted to develop a rudimentary approach for early managing and treating fetuses with various types of CAVB. We are looking forward to future multicenter studies.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76895754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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