Pub Date : 2022-07-19DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2102060
Anjana Mudambi, M. Collier, L. Scott, C. Muneri
ABSTRACT Our study explores discourses of whiteness amongst a diverse group of undergraduate students within the context of critical intercultural communication pedagogy. Through a qualitative analysis of two sets of student essays, we look across discourses of students who primarily identify as white and students with nondominant identities to identify convergences and divergences. We found that many white-identifying students used strategic rhetorics to maintain the invisibility of their whiteness and/or enact white privilege even while expressing awareness of it. Many students with nondominant identities expressed tensions in defining those identities within the liminal spaces constructed by whiteness. Some challenged the constraints of whiteness by drawing from complex histories, highlighting the potential of hybridized identities as cultural bridges, and using their privilege towards deeper learning.
{"title":"Revisiting Whiteness Pedagogy: Examining the Discursive Practices of Diverse Students in an Intercultural Communication and Conflict Course","authors":"Anjana Mudambi, M. Collier, L. Scott, C. Muneri","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2102060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2102060","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Our study explores discourses of whiteness amongst a diverse group of undergraduate students within the context of critical intercultural communication pedagogy. Through a qualitative analysis of two sets of student essays, we look across discourses of students who primarily identify as white and students with nondominant identities to identify convergences and divergences. We found that many white-identifying students used strategic rhetorics to maintain the invisibility of their whiteness and/or enact white privilege even while expressing awareness of it. Many students with nondominant identities expressed tensions in defining those identities within the liminal spaces constructed by whiteness. Some challenged the constraints of whiteness by drawing from complex histories, highlighting the potential of hybridized identities as cultural bridges, and using their privilege towards deeper learning.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"561 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41591370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2102058
E. Ong, S. Chu
ABSTRACT Social unrest has a significant impact on all citizens but for university students, little is known about how they thrived through this period with certain disconnection to social support while living in residential halls. Therefore, this study focused on the lived experiences of a group of university students and explored how the social unrest had affected them. Focus group interviews were conducted with 20 university students in Hong Kong. Using thematic analysis, the transcriptions were categorized into four themes: disruptions to daily routines, impact on psychological wellbeing, relationships, and coping strategies. It was revealed that reduced social connections during the unrest impacted their coping strategies and relationships, and emotional distress. This sheds implications on policymaking in residential halls and for university counselling services
{"title":"University Student Perceptions of the Impact of the Social Unrest in Hong Kong","authors":"E. Ong, S. Chu","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2102058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2102058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social unrest has a significant impact on all citizens but for university students, little is known about how they thrived through this period with certain disconnection to social support while living in residential halls. Therefore, this study focused on the lived experiences of a group of university students and explored how the social unrest had affected them. Focus group interviews were conducted with 20 university students in Hong Kong. Using thematic analysis, the transcriptions were categorized into four themes: disruptions to daily routines, impact on psychological wellbeing, relationships, and coping strategies. It was revealed that reduced social connections during the unrest impacted their coping strategies and relationships, and emotional distress. This sheds implications on policymaking in residential halls and for university counselling services","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"494 - 509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43742618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2086156
Pamela S. Shockley-Zalabak, Sherwyn P. Morreale
We have been haunted for over a decade by some of our experiences in Russia and Poland when, in 2012, we conducted research on organizational trust and experienced some of what is so troubling in the Russian culture of distrust the world is now witnessing with the invasion of Ukraine. This essay, while motivated by the events of 2022, is not written by political scientists or historians. We are communication scholars who study communication and trust in an array of different situations and contexts. We are focusing our attention in this essay on our own experiences in two cultures – Russia and Poland – writing through a trust lens that was the foundation of our 2012 research project and subsequent journal publications and a forthcoming book (Morreale & Shockley-Zalabak, 2015; Morreale & Shockley-Zalabak, 2014; Shockley-Zalabak & Morreale, 2022). Additionally, we describe some emerging similarities we see between our experiences as researchers working in Russia and Poland and the research work we subsequently conducted during the 2016 Presidential election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump and at the midpoint of the Trump presidency in 2018 (Shockley-Zalabak & Morreale, 2017, 2020, 2021).
{"title":"Control of Information, Polarization, History in Dispute, and Distrust: Our Haunting Experiences in Russia and Poland and What It Underscores in the U.S.A. Today","authors":"Pamela S. Shockley-Zalabak, Sherwyn P. Morreale","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2086156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2086156","url":null,"abstract":"We have been haunted for over a decade by some of our experiences in Russia and Poland when, in 2012, we conducted research on organizational trust and experienced some of what is so troubling in the Russian culture of distrust the world is now witnessing with the invasion of Ukraine. This essay, while motivated by the events of 2022, is not written by political scientists or historians. We are communication scholars who study communication and trust in an array of different situations and contexts. We are focusing our attention in this essay on our own experiences in two cultures – Russia and Poland – writing through a trust lens that was the foundation of our 2012 research project and subsequent journal publications and a forthcoming book (Morreale & Shockley-Zalabak, 2015; Morreale & Shockley-Zalabak, 2014; Shockley-Zalabak & Morreale, 2022). Additionally, we describe some emerging similarities we see between our experiences as researchers working in Russia and Poland and the research work we subsequently conducted during the 2016 Presidential election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump and at the midpoint of the Trump presidency in 2018 (Shockley-Zalabak & Morreale, 2017, 2020, 2021).","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"453 - 459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48842527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2054849
Kikuko Omori, R. Stark, H. Ota
ABSTRACT Using Communication Accommodation Theory as a theoretical framework, the present study investigated the role of group salience (i.e. race/ethnicity salience and age salience) when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans communicate with older Japanese Americans. A total of 186 young and middle-aged Japanese Americans’ data were collected. The results found that self-perceived avoidance communicative behaviour mediated the relationship between old age salience and communication satisfaction inversely when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans communicated with older Japanese Americans. On the other hand, self-perceived respectful communicative behaviour mediated the relationship between old age salience and communication satisfaction only when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans perceived high race/ethnicity salience.
{"title":"When Age and Race/Ethnicity Salience Meet: Group Salience and Its Association with Communicative Behaviour, and Intergenerational Communication Satisfaction among Japanese Americans","authors":"Kikuko Omori, R. Stark, H. Ota","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2054849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2054849","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using Communication Accommodation Theory as a theoretical framework, the present study investigated the role of group salience (i.e. race/ethnicity salience and age salience) when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans communicate with older Japanese Americans. A total of 186 young and middle-aged Japanese Americans’ data were collected. The results found that self-perceived avoidance communicative behaviour mediated the relationship between old age salience and communication satisfaction inversely when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans communicated with older Japanese Americans. On the other hand, self-perceived respectful communicative behaviour mediated the relationship between old age salience and communication satisfaction only when young and middle-aged Japanese Americans perceived high race/ethnicity salience.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"129 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48284992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2031635
Sanae Elmoudden
ABSTRACT The current discourses about race and diversity (online and offline) are transformative. This article is based on methodology to showcase a liminal space of intersectionality. Drawing on Crenshaw’s concept of “Intersectionality”, the author shows the commitment that drove her to write this essay. The author provides a vignette to analyse the results in terms of hypervisibility, additive visibility, and intersectional invisibility. On the same line of Chávez and Griffin, the author hopes to expand on the conversation between communication and intersectionality studies, especially when it comes to minority religions.
{"title":"The (In)visible Spectrum of Moroccan Muslim Women in the USA","authors":"Sanae Elmoudden","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2031635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2031635","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current discourses about race and diversity (online and offline) are transformative. This article is based on methodology to showcase a liminal space of intersectionality. Drawing on Crenshaw’s concept of “Intersectionality”, the author shows the commitment that drove her to write this essay. The author provides a vignette to analyse the results in terms of hypervisibility, additive visibility, and intersectional invisibility. On the same line of Chávez and Griffin, the author hopes to expand on the conversation between communication and intersectionality studies, especially when it comes to minority religions.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"460 - 477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47003194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2036221
Elvis Nshom
ABSTRACT This study adopts a mutual approach to intergroup relations. This study does not only examine Finnish attitudes towards immigrants but immigrants’ attitudes towards Finns. In addition, this study explores the extent to which the perception immigrants and Finns have of each other’s attitudes towards one another differs from the actual attitudes both groups have towards each other. In a sample of 103 immigrants and 104 Finns, this study finds Finnish-immigrant mutual attitudes to be favourable/positive. In addition, this study finds that the perception immigrants have of Finns’ attitudes towards immigrants is less favourable than the actual attitudes Finns have towards immigrants. Lastly, the results also showed that the perception Finns have of immigrants’ attitudes towards Finns is less favourable than the actual attitudes immigrants have towards Finns. Implications and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
{"title":"Finnish-immigrant Mutual Attitudes/feelings and Perception of Each Other’s Attitudes/feelings","authors":"Elvis Nshom","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2036221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2036221","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study adopts a mutual approach to intergroup relations. This study does not only examine Finnish attitudes towards immigrants but immigrants’ attitudes towards Finns. In addition, this study explores the extent to which the perception immigrants and Finns have of each other’s attitudes towards one another differs from the actual attitudes both groups have towards each other. In a sample of 103 immigrants and 104 Finns, this study finds Finnish-immigrant mutual attitudes to be favourable/positive. In addition, this study finds that the perception immigrants have of Finns’ attitudes towards immigrants is less favourable than the actual attitudes Finns have towards immigrants. Lastly, the results also showed that the perception Finns have of immigrants’ attitudes towards Finns is less favourable than the actual attitudes immigrants have towards Finns. Implications and recommendations for future research are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"528 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47317321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-16DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2022.2028657
Alice Fanari, Heather Gahler, Tiana Case, Hye-Yeong Gim, J. Harwood
ABSTRACT This study explores the ways music can facilitate cross-cultural transitions in academic sojourns. It builds on music’s specific capacities for emotionally rich experiences, interpersonal connection and synchronization, and universality. Focus groups and interviews with U.S. and international students reveal that music helped students to establish new routines, become open to new genres, learn about the local culture, connect to others, and manage emotions. In a similar way, music facilitated the re-entry and allowed students to memorialize the study abroad experience. Our findings suggest that music can facilitate cross-cultural transitions via individual and collective experiences of music making and listening.
{"title":"Study Abroad Soundtracks: Exploring the Role of Music in Cross-Cultural (Re)adaptation among U.S. and International Students","authors":"Alice Fanari, Heather Gahler, Tiana Case, Hye-Yeong Gim, J. Harwood","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2022.2028657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2022.2028657","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores the ways music can facilitate cross-cultural transitions in academic sojourns. It builds on music’s specific capacities for emotionally rich experiences, interpersonal connection and synchronization, and universality. Focus groups and interviews with U.S. and international students reveal that music helped students to establish new routines, become open to new genres, learn about the local culture, connect to others, and manage emotions. In a similar way, music facilitated the re-entry and allowed students to memorialize the study abroad experience. Our findings suggest that music can facilitate cross-cultural transitions via individual and collective experiences of music making and listening.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"510 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45154773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-07DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2021.2020880
Anthony T. Machette, Ioana A. Cionea
ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to investigate the cultural predictors of relational satisfaction in intercultural marriages: self-construals, power distance, and relational models. Participants in an intercultural marriage (N = 248) completed an online questionnaire assessing these variables. Results indicated that both self-construals and power distance predicted relational satisfaction, as did the communal sharing relational model. Mediation analyses further revealed that communal sharing was a significant mediator of the relationship between each cultural variable and relational satisfaction. These findings are discussed in light of intercultural communication, with a focus on practical implications for intercultural relationships.
{"title":"What Predicts Relational Satisfaction in Intercultural Relationships? A Culture and Relational Models Perspective","authors":"Anthony T. Machette, Ioana A. Cionea","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2021.2020880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2021.2020880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to investigate the cultural predictors of relational satisfaction in intercultural marriages: self-construals, power distance, and relational models. Participants in an intercultural marriage (N = 248) completed an online questionnaire assessing these variables. Results indicated that both self-construals and power distance predicted relational satisfaction, as did the communal sharing relational model. Mediation analyses further revealed that communal sharing was a significant mediator of the relationship between each cultural variable and relational satisfaction. These findings are discussed in light of intercultural communication, with a focus on practical implications for intercultural relationships.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"400 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44256954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2021.2006753
Lisda Nurjaleka, S. Nurhayati, R. Supriatnaningsih
ABSTRACT Brown and Levinson’s theory on politeness stated that politeness is universal. However, through cross-cultural analysis, the findings in some languages differ. This language differentiation of the politeness use raises some interesting questions concerning the evaluation by its native speakers on the concept of politeness in both languages. This study uses an open questionnaire form to collect data both for Japanese native speakers and Javanese native speakers. In total 153 participant have submitted the completed questionnaire, and the aged ranged were from 18 to 60 years old. The questionnaire consist of five questions on the perception of politeness in daily communication. Although Japanese and Javanese both have honorific levels and both as a negative politeness-oriented language. Due to cultural and social differences, the point of view of how they use hierarchical levels differs. In this study, significant findings also found that Javanese people think using honorific speech were polite. However, in Japanese, being polite means using Keigo and showing a good attitude and respect to the interlocutor.
{"title":"Japanese and Javanese Perceptions of the Concept of Politeness in Their Languages: Cross-Cultural Analysis","authors":"Lisda Nurjaleka, S. Nurhayati, R. Supriatnaningsih","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2021.2006753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2021.2006753","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brown and Levinson’s theory on politeness stated that politeness is universal. However, through cross-cultural analysis, the findings in some languages differ. This language differentiation of the politeness use raises some interesting questions concerning the evaluation by its native speakers on the concept of politeness in both languages. This study uses an open questionnaire form to collect data both for Japanese native speakers and Javanese native speakers. In total 153 participant have submitted the completed questionnaire, and the aged ranged were from 18 to 60 years old. The questionnaire consist of five questions on the perception of politeness in daily communication. Although Japanese and Javanese both have honorific levels and both as a negative politeness-oriented language. Due to cultural and social differences, the point of view of how they use hierarchical levels differs. In this study, significant findings also found that Javanese people think using honorific speech were polite. However, in Japanese, being polite means using Keigo and showing a good attitude and respect to the interlocutor.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"478 - 493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47314356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-19DOI: 10.1080/17475759.2021.2006752
Afsaneh Nameni
ABSTRACT Globalization has made English language skills and intercultural communicative competence (ICC) necessary for international and intercultural interactions in the context of business worldwide. The present study sought to survey and compare the levels of 200 Iranian employees’ ICC with a focus on the participants’ native culture and the cultures of the English speaking countries. The findings of this study revealed that, overall, the participants had a moderate level of ICC, and that female employees scored significantly higher on the ICC scale than their male counterparts. Further, this study found that although the participants believed English language learning had a moderate impact on developing their ICC, they viewed their English language classrooms ineffective in promoting cultural awareness. These findings were explained considering the socio-political influences on English language learning and teaching in Iran, the participants’ degree of English language proficiency, experience of visiting other countries and attending international business meetings, and the participants’ views of English and ICC effectiveness in their career progress, in addition to the impact of the changes in the gender roles in Iran. Implications and limitations are discussed.
{"title":"An Investigation into Iranian Employee’s Intercultural Communicative Competence: Does Learning English as a Foreign Language Help?","authors":"Afsaneh Nameni","doi":"10.1080/17475759.2021.2006752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2021.2006752","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Globalization has made English language skills and intercultural communicative competence (ICC) necessary for international and intercultural interactions in the context of business worldwide. The present study sought to survey and compare the levels of 200 Iranian employees’ ICC with a focus on the participants’ native culture and the cultures of the English speaking countries. The findings of this study revealed that, overall, the participants had a moderate level of ICC, and that female employees scored significantly higher on the ICC scale than their male counterparts. Further, this study found that although the participants believed English language learning had a moderate impact on developing their ICC, they viewed their English language classrooms ineffective in promoting cultural awareness. These findings were explained considering the socio-political influences on English language learning and teaching in Iran, the participants’ degree of English language proficiency, experience of visiting other countries and attending international business meetings, and the participants’ views of English and ICC effectiveness in their career progress, in addition to the impact of the changes in the gender roles in Iran. Implications and limitations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Communication Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"361 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43945884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：