Technological methods changed in the development of car navigation systems as shown later. For such innovation, we should keep in mind the fact that technological issues change in the life cycle of technology or industry. Abernathy and Utterback pointed out that product innovations were essential in the early stage of new industry where many types of products came onto the market by using many types of technologies, but product design gradually shifted to a “dominant design,” and process innovation became main after the dominant design appeared. Foster said that technologies developed along an S curve, and a new type of technology was needed to break through the limit when old types of technology matured and came close to the limit of performance.
{"title":"Proposal for technology architecture analysis","authors":"Toshihiko Nomi, Hirosaka Ikeda","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.1_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.1_1","url":null,"abstract":"Technological methods changed in the development of car navigation systems as shown later. For such innovation, we should keep in mind the fact that technological issues change in the life cycle of technology or industry. Abernathy and Utterback pointed out that product innovations were essential in the early stage of new industry where many types of products came onto the market by using many types of technologies, but product design gradually shifted to a “dominant design,” and process innovation became main after the dominant design appeared. Foster said that technologies developed along an S curve, and a new type of technology was needed to break through the limit when old types of technology matured and came close to the limit of performance.","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.1_1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70697037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of influenza viruses with the waveguide mode sensor: — Development of a palmtop sized sensor —@@@― 手のひらサイズの高感度センサーを開発 ―","authors":"K. Awazu, M. Fujimaki, S. Gopinath, Xiomin Wang","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.2_97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.2_97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_196
A. Kameyama, N. Kikuchi, S. Nakaya, S. Funatsu
−196− Synthesiology English edition Vol.8 No.4 pp.196-210 (Mar. 2016) The structural analysis of glycans is difficult. The main reason is because, unlike the nucleic acids and proteins for which the primary structure can be known if the sequence is read, there are branch structures, positional isomerisms, stereoisomerisms, and others, and simple sequence decoding is not sufficient to know the glycan structure (Fig. 1). This means that the heart of glycan analysis is how to identify the isomers. The difficulty of glycan structure analysis is described in Synthesiology Volume 7 Issue 2 (2014) “Development of lectin microarray, an advanced system for glycan profiling.” The glycan structure analysis was a work undertaken by specialists with skilled craftsmanship, and this was a major bottleneck in glycan research. If glycan structure analysis can be conducted easily by anyone, it is expected that the range of glycan research will widen and the clarification of glycan functions that still remain mysterious and their application will rapidly progress. In the SG Project, two approaches were taken for the glycan structure analysis. One is the glycan profiling method where the lectin array, in which various types of proteins (lectin) that can identify the partial glycan structure, is arranged on the slide glass. This method yielded results in the search for disease biomarkers and stem cell markers. The search for markers demands sensitivity rather than precision, and the highly sensitive lectin microarray that can be prepared easily is utilized effectively. On the other hand, if one wanted to clarify the marker itself at a molecular level or check the content of the multiple glycan types, glycan analysis by mass spectrometry described in this paper is useful. The two methods mutually supplement each other’s weaknesses. In this paper, we
{"title":"Development of a rapid analytical system for glycans using a multistage tandem mass spectral database: — Toward an era where everyone can analyze glycan structure without specialist knowledge —@@@―誰でも簡単に糖鎖を調べることができる時代へ―","authors":"A. Kameyama, N. Kikuchi, S. Nakaya, S. Funatsu","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_196","url":null,"abstract":"−196− Synthesiology English edition Vol.8 No.4 pp.196-210 (Mar. 2016) The structural analysis of glycans is difficult. The main reason is because, unlike the nucleic acids and proteins for which the primary structure can be known if the sequence is read, there are branch structures, positional isomerisms, stereoisomerisms, and others, and simple sequence decoding is not sufficient to know the glycan structure (Fig. 1). This means that the heart of glycan analysis is how to identify the isomers. The difficulty of glycan structure analysis is described in Synthesiology Volume 7 Issue 2 (2014) “Development of lectin microarray, an advanced system for glycan profiling.” The glycan structure analysis was a work undertaken by specialists with skilled craftsmanship, and this was a major bottleneck in glycan research. If glycan structure analysis can be conducted easily by anyone, it is expected that the range of glycan research will widen and the clarification of glycan functions that still remain mysterious and their application will rapidly progress. In the SG Project, two approaches were taken for the glycan structure analysis. One is the glycan profiling method where the lectin array, in which various types of proteins (lectin) that can identify the partial glycan structure, is arranged on the slide glass. This method yielded results in the search for disease biomarkers and stem cell markers. The search for markers demands sensitivity rather than precision, and the highly sensitive lectin microarray that can be prepared easily is utilized effectively. On the other hand, if one wanted to clarify the marker itself at a molecular level or check the content of the multiple glycan types, glycan analysis by mass spectrometry described in this paper is useful. The two methods mutually supplement each other’s weaknesses. In this paper, we","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"196-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Saito, H. Iwasaki, M. Sakamoto, Kazuo Kanbara, Tunehisa Sekiguchi
−43− Synthesiology English edition Vol.8 No.1 pp.43-55 (Jun. 2015) AIST aimed for the manufacture of magnesium forged parts with low cost and high reliability, jointly with the Sokeizai Center, in the “Project for the Development of Magnesium Forged Parts Technology” supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) for the fiscal years 2006 to 2010. After the completion of the Project, joint research was done with the Miyamotokogyo Co., Ltd. to continue development toward practical realization of the newly developed technology.
{"title":"Development of forging process for magnesium alloy continuous cast bars","authors":"N. Saito, H. Iwasaki, M. Sakamoto, Kazuo Kanbara, Tunehisa Sekiguchi","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.1_43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.1_43","url":null,"abstract":"−43− Synthesiology English edition Vol.8 No.1 pp.43-55 (Jun. 2015) AIST aimed for the manufacture of magnesium forged parts with low cost and high reliability, jointly with the Sokeizai Center, in the “Project for the Development of Magnesium Forged Parts Technology” supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) for the fiscal years 2006 to 2010. After the completion of the Project, joint research was done with the Miyamotokogyo Co., Ltd. to continue development toward practical realization of the newly developed technology.","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"43-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.3_133
H. Niino
{"title":"Green Photonics for laser-based manufacturing: — Photonics contributes to a sustainable society in the “photon century” —@@@― 光を用いたものづくり手法の確立と社会への貢献を目指して ―","authors":"H. Niino","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.3_133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.3_133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"133-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to such a background, we believe the development of an experimental equipment that allows material testing in hydrogen gas surpassing 100 MPa, the establishment of a material testing method that allows accurate evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement and accumulation of test data using such equipment, and the diffusion to and sharing of knowledge of such material test data with related industries will greatly contribute to the international standardization of the evaluation method and qualification of materials compatibility for high-pressure gaseous hydrogen equipment. In this paper, we overview the properties of metallic materials that are demanded for use in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen equipment, including the situations in Japan and overseas. Next, we discuss the material testing equipment in highpressure gaseous hydrogen at AIST, review the material testing methods using such equipment, and describe the international comparison of the material testing methods. Then we discuss our contribution that we may make toward the international standardization of the material testing method.
{"title":"Development of material testing equipment in high pressure gaseous hydrogen and international collaborative work of a testing method for a hydrogen society","authors":"T. Iijima, T. Abe, H. Itoga","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.2_61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.2_61","url":null,"abstract":"Due to such a background, we believe the development of an experimental equipment that allows material testing in hydrogen gas surpassing 100 MPa, the establishment of a material testing method that allows accurate evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement and accumulation of test data using such equipment, and the diffusion to and sharing of knowledge of such material test data with related industries will greatly contribute to the international standardization of the evaluation method and qualification of materials compatibility for high-pressure gaseous hydrogen equipment. In this paper, we overview the properties of metallic materials that are demanded for use in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen equipment, including the situations in Japan and overseas. Next, we discuss the material testing equipment in highpressure gaseous hydrogen at AIST, review the material testing methods using such equipment, and describe the international comparison of the material testing methods. Then we discuss our contribution that we may make toward the international standardization of the material testing method.","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_211
W. Shin, T. Itoh, N. Izu
{"title":"Health care application of gas sensors: — Medical devices of breath analysis —@@@―呼気分析用医療機器に向けて―","authors":"W. Shin, T. Itoh, N. Izu","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"211-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70697403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_174
T. Komatsu, S. Nakano
Case studies and problem-solving steps are more important than new-technology transfer when collaborative studies are conducted between a small and medium enterprise and AIST. Detecting causes and issues takes considerable time, however, experiences obtained during collaborative research can decrease barriers and speedup progress. This report presents a case study on a collaborative project between Komatsuseiki Kosakusho Co.,Ltd. and AIST to find a way to increase the life span of micro piercing tools. The solution, indirectly obtained by overcoming another problem is cost effective and easily applicable to factories, though it was not the surface coating technique considered at the beginning of the study. Through such experiences, it is possible to continue collaborative R&D on this as well as other projects, e.g., within the “Projects to support the advancement of strategic core technologies” framework of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
{"title":"Effects of cooperation between a small and medium enterprise and AIST","authors":"T. Komatsu, S. Nakano","doi":"10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5571/SYNTHENG.8.4_174","url":null,"abstract":"Case studies and problem-solving steps are more important than new-technology transfer when collaborative studies are conducted between a small and medium enterprise and AIST. Detecting causes and issues takes considerable time, however, experiences obtained during collaborative research can decrease barriers and speedup progress. This report presents a case study on a collaborative project between Komatsuseiki Kosakusho Co.,Ltd. and AIST to find a way to increase the life span of micro piercing tools. The solution, indirectly obtained by overcoming another problem is cost effective and easily applicable to factories, though it was not the surface coating technique considered at the beginning of the study. Through such experiences, it is possible to continue collaborative R&D on this as well as other projects, e.g., within the “Projects to support the advancement of strategic core technologies” framework of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.","PeriodicalId":39206,"journal":{"name":"Synthesiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70696926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}