Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3486439
Lei Li;Julia Camps;Blanca Rodriguez;Vicente Grau
Cardiac digital twins (CDTs) are personalized virtual representations used to understand complex cardiac mechanisms. A critical component of CDT development is solving the ECG inverse problem, which enables the reconstruction of cardiac sources and the estimation of patient-specific electrophysiology (EP) parameters from surface ECG data. Despite challenges from complex cardiac anatomy, noisy ECG data, and the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem, recent advances in computational methods have greatly improved the accuracy and efficiency of ECG inverse inference, strengthening the fidelity of CDTs. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the methods for solving ECG inverse problems, their validation strategies, their clinical applications, and their future perspectives. For the methodologies, we broadly classify state-of-the-art approaches into two categories: deterministic and probabilistic methods, including both conventional and deep learning-based techniques. Integrating physics laws with deep learning models holds promise, but challenges such as capturing dynamic electrophysiology accurately, accessing accurate domain knowledge, and quantifying prediction uncertainty persist. Integrating models into clinical workflows while ensuring interpretability and usability for healthcare professionals is essential. Overcoming these challenges will drive further research in CDTs.
{"title":"Solving the Inverse Problem of Electrocardiography for Cardiac Digital Twins: A Survey","authors":"Lei Li;Julia Camps;Blanca Rodriguez;Vicente Grau","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3486439","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3486439","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac digital twins (CDTs) are personalized virtual representations used to understand complex cardiac mechanisms. A critical component of CDT development is solving the ECG inverse problem, which enables the reconstruction of cardiac sources and the estimation of patient-specific electrophysiology (EP) parameters from surface ECG data. Despite challenges from complex cardiac anatomy, noisy ECG data, and the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem, recent advances in computational methods have greatly improved the accuracy and efficiency of ECG inverse inference, strengthening the fidelity of CDTs. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the methods for solving ECG inverse problems, their validation strategies, their clinical applications, and their future perspectives. For the methodologies, we broadly classify state-of-the-art approaches into two categories: deterministic and probabilistic methods, including both conventional and deep learning-based techniques. Integrating physics laws with deep learning models holds promise, but challenges such as capturing dynamic electrophysiology accurately, accessing accurate domain knowledge, and quantifying prediction uncertainty persist. Integrating models into clinical workflows while ensuring interpretability and usability for healthcare professionals is essential. Overcoming these challenges will drive further research in CDTs.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"316-336"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a pivotal clinical diagnostic tool, yet its extended scanning times often compromise patient comfort and image quality, especially in volumetric, temporal and quantitative scans. This review elucidates recent advances in MRI acceleration via data and physics-driven models, leveraging techniques from algorithm unrolling models, enhancement-based methods, and plug-and-play models to the emerging full spectrum of generative model-based methods. We also explore the synergistic integration of data models with physics-based insights, encompassing the advancements in multi-coil hardware accelerations like parallel imaging and simultaneous multi-slice imaging, and the optimization of sampling patterns. We then focus on domain-specific challenges and opportunities, including image redundancy exploitation, image integrity, evaluation metrics, data heterogeneity, and model generalization. This work also discusses potential solutions and future research directions, with an emphasis on the role of data harmonization and federated learning for further improving the general applicability and performance of these methods in MRI reconstruction.
{"title":"Data- and Physics-Driven Deep Learning Based Reconstruction for Fast MRI: Fundamentals and Methodologies","authors":"Jiahao Huang;Yinzhe Wu;Fanwen Wang;Yingying Fang;Yang Nan;Cagan Alkan;Daniel Abraham;Congyu Liao;Lei Xu;Zhifan Gao;Weiwen Wu;Lei Zhu;Zhaolin Chen;Peter Lally;Neal Bangerter;Kawin Setsompop;Yike Guo;Daniel Rueckert;Ge Wang;Guang Yang","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3485022","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3485022","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a pivotal clinical diagnostic tool, yet its extended scanning times often compromise patient comfort and image quality, especially in volumetric, temporal and quantitative scans. This review elucidates recent advances in MRI acceleration via data and physics-driven models, leveraging techniques from algorithm unrolling models, enhancement-based methods, and plug-and-play models to the emerging full spectrum of generative model-based methods. We also explore the synergistic integration of data models with physics-based insights, encompassing the advancements in multi-coil hardware accelerations like parallel imaging and simultaneous multi-slice imaging, and the optimization of sampling patterns. We then focus on domain-specific challenges and opportunities, including image redundancy exploitation, image integrity, evaluation metrics, data heterogeneity, and model generalization. This work also discusses potential solutions and future research directions, with an emphasis on the role of data harmonization and federated learning for further improving the general applicability and performance of these methods in MRI reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"152-171"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3481360
Wenzheng Heng;Shukun Yin;Yonglin Chen;Wei Gao
Breath analysis and monitoring have emerged as pivotal components in both clinical research and daily health management, particularly in addressing the global health challenges posed by respiratory and metabolic disorders. The advancement of breath analysis strategies necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, seamlessly integrating expertise from medicine, biology, engineering, and materials science. Recent innovations in laboratory methodologies and wearable sensing technologies have ushered in an era of precise, real-time, and in situ breath analysis and monitoring. This comprehensive review elucidates the physical and chemical aspects of breath analysis, encompassing respiratory parameters and both volatile and non-volatile constituents. It emphasizes their physiological and clinical significance, while also exploring cutting-edge laboratory testing techniques and state-of-the-art wearable devices. Furthermore, the review delves into the application of sophisticated data processing technologies in the burgeoning field of breathomics and examines the potential of breath control in human-machine interaction paradigms. Additionally, it provides insights into the challenges of translating innovative laboratory and wearable concepts into mainstream clinical and daily practice. Continued innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration will drive progress in breath analysis, potentially revolutionizing personalized medicine through entirely non-invasive breath methodology.
{"title":"Exhaled Breath Analysis: From Laboratory Test to Wearable Sensing","authors":"Wenzheng Heng;Shukun Yin;Yonglin Chen;Wei Gao","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3481360","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3481360","url":null,"abstract":"Breath analysis and monitoring have emerged as pivotal components in both clinical research and daily health management, particularly in addressing the global health challenges posed by respiratory and metabolic disorders. The advancement of breath analysis strategies necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, seamlessly integrating expertise from medicine, biology, engineering, and materials science. Recent innovations in laboratory methodologies and wearable sensing technologies have ushered in an era of precise, real-time, and <italic>in situ</i> breath analysis and monitoring. This comprehensive review elucidates the physical and chemical aspects of breath analysis, encompassing respiratory parameters and both volatile and non-volatile constituents. It emphasizes their physiological and clinical significance, while also exploring cutting-edge laboratory testing techniques and state-of-the-art wearable devices. Furthermore, the review delves into the application of sophisticated data processing technologies in the burgeoning field of breathomics and examines the potential of breath control in human-machine interaction paradigms. Additionally, it provides insights into the challenges of translating innovative laboratory and wearable concepts into mainstream clinical and daily practice. Continued innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration will drive progress in breath analysis, potentially revolutionizing personalized medicine through entirely non-invasive breath methodology.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"50-73"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3449790
Bradley J. Edelman;Shuailei Zhang;Gerwin Schalk;Peter Brunner;Gernot Müller-Putz;Cuntai Guan;Bin He
Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a rapidly evolving technology that has the potential to widely influence research, clinical and recreational use. Non-invasive BCI approaches are particularly common as they can impact a large number of participants safely and at a relatively low cost. Where traditional non-invasive BCIs were used for simple computer cursor tasks, it is now increasingly common for these systems to control robotic devices for complex tasks that may be useful in daily life. In this review, we provide an overview of the general BCI framework as well as the various methods that can be used to record neural activity, extract signals of interest, and decode brain states. In this context, we summarize the current state-of-the-art of non-invasive BCI research, focusing on trends in both the application of BCIs for controlling external devices and algorithm development to optimize their use. We also discuss various open-source BCI toolboxes and software, and describe their impact on the field at large.
{"title":"Non-Invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces: State of the Art and Trends","authors":"Bradley J. Edelman;Shuailei Zhang;Gerwin Schalk;Peter Brunner;Gernot Müller-Putz;Cuntai Guan;Bin He","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3449790","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3449790","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a rapidly evolving technology that has the potential to widely influence research, clinical and recreational use. Non-invasive BCI approaches are particularly common as they can impact a large number of participants safely and at a relatively low cost. Where traditional non-invasive BCIs were used for simple computer cursor tasks, it is now increasingly common for these systems to control robotic devices for complex tasks that may be useful in daily life. In this review, we provide an overview of the general BCI framework as well as the various methods that can be used to record neural activity, extract signals of interest, and decode brain states. In this context, we summarize the current state-of-the-art of non-invasive BCI research, focusing on trends in both the application of BCIs for controlling external devices and algorithm development to optimize their use. We also discuss various open-source BCI toolboxes and software, and describe their impact on the field at large.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"26-49"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10646518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3425769
Isaiah Lahr;Saghir Alfasly;Peyman Nejat;Jibran Khan;Luke Kottom;Vaishnavi Kumbhar;Areej Alsaafin;Abubakr Shafique;Sobhan Hemati;Ghazal Alabtah;Nneka Comfere;Dennis Murphree;Aaron Mangold;Saba Yasir;Chady Meroueh;Lisa Boardman;Vijay H. Shah;Joaquin J. Garcia;H. R. Tizhoosh
Searching for similar images in archives of histology and histopathology images is a crucial task that may aid in patient tissue comparison for various purposes, ranging from triaging and diagnosis to prognosis and prediction. Whole slide images (WSIs) are highly detailed digital representations of tissue specimens mounted on glass slides. Matching WSI to WSI can serve as the critical method for patient tissue comparison. In this paper, we report extensive analysis and validation of four search methods bag of visual words (BoVW), Yottixel, SISH, RetCCL, and some of their potential variants. We analyze their algorithms and structures and assess their performance. For this evaluation, we utilized four internal datasets (1269 patients) and three public datasets (1207 patients), totaling more than 200,000 patches from 38 different classes/subtypes across five primary sites. Certain search engines, for example, BoVW, exhibit notable efficiency and speed but suffer from low accuracy. Conversely, search engines like Yottixel demonstrate efficiency and speed, providing moderately accurate results. Recent proposals, including SISH, display inefficiency and yield inconsistent outcomes, while alternatives like RetCCL prove inadequate in both accuracy and efficiency. Further research is imperative to address the dual aspects of accuracy and minimal storage requirements in histopathological image search.
在组织学和组织病理学图像档案中搜索相似图像是一项重要任务，可帮助进行病人组织对比，以实现从分流和诊断到预后和预测等各种目的。整张载玻片图像（WSI）是安装在玻璃载玻片上的组织标本的高度详细数字图像。将 WSI 与 WSI 匹配可作为患者组织比对的关键方法。在本文中，我们报告了对四种搜索方法视觉词袋（BoVW）、Yottixel、SISH、RetCCL 及其一些潜在变体的广泛分析和验证。我们分析了它们的算法和结构，并评估了它们的性能。在评估过程中，我们使用了四个内部数据集（1269 名患者）和三个公共数据集（1207 名患者），共计来自五个主要网站的 38 个不同类别/子类型的 20 多万个补丁。某些搜索引擎，如 BoVW，效率高、速度快，但准确率低。相反，像 Yottixel 这样的搜索引擎则表现出效率和速度，并能提供中等准确度的结果。包括 SISH 在内的最新提案显示出效率低下和结果不一致的问题，而 RetCCL 等替代方案则被证明在准确性和效率方面都存在不足。要解决组织病理学图像搜索的准确性和最低存储要求这两个方面的问题，进一步的研究势在必行。
{"title":"Analysis and Validation of Image Search Engines in Histopathology","authors":"Isaiah Lahr;Saghir Alfasly;Peyman Nejat;Jibran Khan;Luke Kottom;Vaishnavi Kumbhar;Areej Alsaafin;Abubakr Shafique;Sobhan Hemati;Ghazal Alabtah;Nneka Comfere;Dennis Murphree;Aaron Mangold;Saba Yasir;Chady Meroueh;Lisa Boardman;Vijay H. Shah;Joaquin J. Garcia;H. R. Tizhoosh","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3425769","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3425769","url":null,"abstract":"Searching for similar images in archives of histology and histopathology images is a crucial task that may aid in patient tissue comparison for various purposes, ranging from triaging and diagnosis to prognosis and prediction. Whole slide images (WSIs) are highly detailed digital representations of tissue specimens mounted on glass slides. Matching WSI to WSI can serve as the critical method for patient tissue comparison. In this paper, we report extensive analysis and validation of four search methods bag of visual words (BoVW), Yottixel, SISH, RetCCL, and some of their potential variants. We analyze their algorithms and structures and assess their performance. For this evaluation, we utilized four internal datasets (1269 patients) and three public datasets (1207 patients), totaling more than 200,000 patches from 38 different classes/subtypes across five primary sites. Certain search engines, for example, BoVW, exhibit notable efficiency and speed but suffer from low accuracy. Conversely, search engines like Yottixel demonstrate efficiency and speed, providing moderately accurate results. Recent proposals, including SISH, display inefficiency and yield inconsistent outcomes, while alternatives like RetCCL prove inadequate in both accuracy and efficiency. Further research is imperative to address the dual aspects of accuracy and minimal storage requirements in histopathological image search.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"350-367"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10596129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3410399
Ana Belen Amado-Rey;Ana Carolina Gonçalves Seabra;Thomas Stieglitz
The advent of flexible, compact, energy-efficient, robust, and user-friendly wearables has significantly impacted the market growth, with an estimated value of 61.30 billion USD in 2022. Wearable sensors have revolutionized in-home health monitoring by warranting continuous measurements of vital parameters. Ultrasound is used to non-invasively, safely, and continuously record vital parameters. The next generation of smart ultrasonic devices for healthcare integrates microelectronics with flexible, stretchable patches and body-conformable devices. They offer not only wearability, and user comfort, but also higher tracking accuracy of immediate changes of cardiovascular parameters. Moreover, due to the fixed adhesion to the skin, errors derived from probe placement or patient movement are mitigated, even though placement at the correct anatomical location is still critical and requires a user's skill and knowledge. In this review, the steps required to bring wearable ultrasonic systems into the medical market (technologies, device development, signal-processing, in-lab validation, and, finally, clinical validation) are discussed. The next generation of vascular ultrasound and its future research directions offer many possibilities for modernizing vascular health assessment and the quality of personalized care for home and clinical monitoring.
{"title":"Towards Ultrasound Wearable Technology for Cardiovascular Monitoring: From Device Development to Clinical Validation","authors":"Ana Belen Amado-Rey;Ana Carolina Gonçalves Seabra;Thomas Stieglitz","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3410399","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3410399","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of flexible, compact, energy-efficient, robust, and user-friendly wearables has significantly impacted the market growth, with an estimated value of 61.30 billion USD in 2022. Wearable sensors have revolutionized in-home health monitoring by warranting continuous measurements of vital parameters. Ultrasound is used to non-invasively, safely, and continuously record vital parameters. The next generation of smart ultrasonic devices for healthcare integrates microelectronics with flexible, stretchable patches and body-conformable devices. They offer not only wearability, and user comfort, but also higher tracking accuracy of immediate changes of cardiovascular parameters. Moreover, due to the fixed adhesion to the skin, errors derived from probe placement or patient movement are mitigated, even though placement at the correct anatomical location is still critical and requires a user's skill and knowledge. In this review, the steps required to bring wearable ultrasonic systems into the medical market (technologies, device development, signal-processing, in-lab validation, and, finally, clinical validation) are discussed. The next generation of vascular ultrasound and its future research directions offer many possibilities for modernizing vascular health assessment and the quality of personalized care for home and clinical monitoring.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"93-112"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasing demands on medical imaging departments are taking a toll on the radiologist's ability to deliver timely and accurate reports. Recent technological advances in artificial intelligence have demonstrated great potential for automatic radiology report generation (ARRG), sparking an explosion of research. This survey paper conducts a methodological review of contemporary ARRG approaches by way of (i) assessing datasets based on characteristics, such as availability, size, and adoption rate, (ii) examining deep learning training methods, such as contrastive learning and reinforcement learning, (iii) exploring state-of-the-art model architectures, including variations of CNN and transformer models, (iv) outlining techniques integrating clinical knowledge through multimodal inputs and knowledge graphs, and (v) scrutinising current model evaluation techniques, including commonly applied NLP metrics and qualitative clinical reviews. Furthermore, the quantitative results of the reviewed models are analysed, where the top performing models are examined to seek further insights. Finally, potential new directions are highlighted, with the adoption of additional datasets from other radiological modalities and improved evaluation methods predicted as important areas of future development.
{"title":"Automated Radiology Report Generation: A Review of Recent Advances","authors":"Phillip Sloan;Philip Clatworthy;Edwin Simpson;Majid Mirmehdi","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3408456","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3408456","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing demands on medical imaging departments are taking a toll on the radiologist's ability to deliver timely and accurate reports. Recent technological advances in artificial intelligence have demonstrated great potential for automatic radiology report generation (ARRG), sparking an explosion of research. This survey paper conducts a methodological review of contemporary ARRG approaches by way of (i) assessing datasets based on characteristics, such as availability, size, and adoption rate, (ii) examining deep learning training methods, such as contrastive learning and reinforcement learning, (iii) exploring state-of-the-art model architectures, including variations of CNN and transformer models, (iv) outlining techniques integrating clinical knowledge through multimodal inputs and knowledge graphs, and (v) scrutinising current model evaluation techniques, including commonly applied NLP metrics and qualitative clinical reviews. Furthermore, the quantitative results of the reviewed models are analysed, where the top performing models are examined to seek further insights. Finally, potential new directions are highlighted, with the adoption of additional datasets from other radiological modalities and improved evaluation methods predicted as important areas of future development.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"368-387"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3376835
Fahimeh Marvi;Yun-Hsuan Chen;Mohamad Sawan
Alzheimer's disease (AD) progressively impairs the memory and thinking skills of patients, resulting in a significant global economic and social burden each year. However, diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disorder can be challenging, particularly in the early stages of developing cognitive decline. Current clinical techniques are expensive, laborious, and invasive, which hinders comprehensive studies on Alzheimer's biomarkers and the development of efficient devices for Point-of-Care testing (POCT) applications. To address these limitations, researchers have been investigating various biosensing techniques. Unfortunately, these methods have not been commercialized due to several drawbacks, such as low efficiency, reproducibility, and the lack of accurate identification of AD markers. In this review, we present diverse promising hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease identified in various biofluids and body behaviors. Additionally, we thoroughly discuss different biosensing mechanisms and the associated challenges in disease diagnosis. In each context, we highlight the potential of realizing new biosensors to study various features of the disease, facilitating its early diagnosis in POCT. This comprehensive study, focusing on recent efforts for different aspects of the disease and representing promising opportunities, aims to conduct the future trend toward developing a new generation of compact multipurpose devices that can address the challenges in the early detection of AD.
{"title":"Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis in the Preclinical Stage: Normal Aging or Dementia","authors":"Fahimeh Marvi;Yun-Hsuan Chen;Mohamad Sawan","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3376835","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3376835","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) progressively impairs the memory and thinking skills of patients, resulting in a significant global economic and social burden each year. However, diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disorder can be challenging, particularly in the early stages of developing cognitive decline. Current clinical techniques are expensive, laborious, and invasive, which hinders comprehensive studies on Alzheimer's biomarkers and the development of efficient devices for Point-of-Care testing (POCT) applications. To address these limitations, researchers have been investigating various biosensing techniques. Unfortunately, these methods have not been commercialized due to several drawbacks, such as low efficiency, reproducibility, and the lack of accurate identification of AD markers. In this review, we present diverse promising hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease identified in various biofluids and body behaviors. Additionally, we thoroughly discuss different biosensing mechanisms and the associated challenges in disease diagnosis. In each context, we highlight the potential of realizing new biosensors to study various features of the disease, facilitating its early diagnosis in POCT. This comprehensive study, focusing on recent efforts for different aspects of the disease and representing promising opportunities, aims to conduct the future trend toward developing a new generation of compact multipurpose devices that can address the challenges in the early detection of AD.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"74-92"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10472088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1109/RBME.2024.3368662
Robert G. Gloeb-McDonald;Gene Y. Fridman
Harvesting energy from the human body is an area of growing interest. While several techniques have been explored, the focus in the field is converging on using Glucose Fuel Cells (GFCs) that use glucose oxidation reactions at an anode and oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) at a cathode to create a voltage gradient that can be stored as power. To facilitate these reactions, catalysts are immobilized at an anode and cathode that result in electrochemistry that typically produces two electrons, a water molecule, and gluconic acid. There are two competing classes of these catalysts: enzymes, which use organic proteins, and abiotic options, which use reactive metals. Enzymatic catalysts show better specificity towards glucose, whereas abiotic options show superior operational stability. The most advanced enzymatic test showed a maximum power density of 119 µW/cm2 and an efficiency loss of 4% over 15 hours of operation. The best abiotic experiment resulted in 43 µW/cm2 and exhibited no signs of performance loss after 140 hours. Given the range of existing implantable devices’ power budget from 10 µW to 100 mW and expected operational duration of 10 years or more, GFCs hold promise, but considerable advances need to be made to translate this technology to practical applications.
{"title":"Glucose Fuel Cells: Electricity From Blood Sugar","authors":"Robert G. Gloeb-McDonald;Gene Y. Fridman","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3368662","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3368662","url":null,"abstract":"Harvesting energy from the human body is an area of growing interest. While several techniques have been explored, the focus in the field is converging on using Glucose Fuel Cells (GFCs) that use glucose oxidation reactions at an anode and oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) at a cathode to create a voltage gradient that can be stored as power. To facilitate these reactions, catalysts are immobilized at an anode and cathode that result in electrochemistry that typically produces two electrons, a water molecule, and gluconic acid. There are two competing classes of these catalysts: enzymes, which use organic proteins, and abiotic options, which use reactive metals. Enzymatic catalysts show better specificity towards glucose, whereas abiotic options show superior operational stability. The most advanced enzymatic test showed a maximum power density of 119 µW/cm2 and an efficiency loss of 4% over 15 hours of operation. The best abiotic experiment resulted in 43 µW/cm2 and exhibited no signs of performance loss after 140 hours. Given the range of existing implantable devices’ power budget from 10 µW to 100 mW and expected operational duration of 10 years or more, GFCs hold promise, but considerable advances need to be made to translate this technology to practical applications.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"268-280"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breast cancer has reached the highest incidence rate worldwide among all malignancies since 2020. Breast imaging plays a significant role in early diagnosis and intervention to improve the outcome of breast cancer patients. In the past decade, deep learning has shown remarkable progress in breast cancer imaging analysis, holding great promise in interpreting the rich information and complex context of breast imaging modalities. Considering the rapid improvement in deep learning technology and the increasing severity of breast cancer, it is critical to summarize past progress and identify future challenges to be addressed. This paper provides an extensive review of deep learning-based breast cancer imaging research, covering studies on mammograms, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and digital pathology images over the past decade. The major deep learning methods and applications on imaging-based screening, diagnosis, treatment response prediction, and prognosis are elaborated and discussed. Drawn from the findings of this survey, we present a comprehensive discussion of the challenges and potential avenues for future research in deep learning-based breast cancer imaging.
自 2020 年以来，乳腺癌的发病率已成为全球所有恶性肿瘤中最高的。乳腺成像在早期诊断和干预以改善乳腺癌患者的预后方面发挥着重要作用。近十年来，深度学习在乳腺癌成像分析领域取得了显著进展，在解读乳腺成像模式的丰富信息和复杂背景方面大有可为。考虑到深度学习技术的飞速进步和乳腺癌的日益严重，总结过去的进展并确定未来需要应对的挑战至关重要。本文对基于深度学习的乳腺癌成像研究进行了广泛回顾，涵盖了过去十年间对乳房 X 线照片、超声波、磁共振成像和数字病理图像的研究。本文阐述并讨论了基于成像的筛查、诊断、治疗反应预测和预后方面的主要深度学习方法和应用。根据调查结果，我们对基于深度学习的乳腺癌成像未来研究面临的挑战和潜在途径进行了全面讨论。
{"title":"Deep Learning in Breast Cancer Imaging: A Decade of Progress and Future Directions","authors":"Luyang Luo;Xi Wang;Yi Lin;Xiaoqi Ma;Andong Tan;Ronald Chan;Varut Vardhanabhuti;Winnie CW Chu;Kwang-Ting Cheng;Hao Chen","doi":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3357877","DOIUrl":"10.1109/RBME.2024.3357877","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer has reached the highest incidence rate worldwide among all malignancies since 2020. Breast imaging plays a significant role in early diagnosis and intervention to improve the outcome of breast cancer patients. In the past decade, deep learning has shown remarkable progress in breast cancer imaging analysis, holding great promise in interpreting the rich information and complex context of breast imaging modalities. Considering the rapid improvement in deep learning technology and the increasing severity of breast cancer, it is critical to summarize past progress and identify future challenges to be addressed. This paper provides an extensive review of deep learning-based breast cancer imaging research, covering studies on mammograms, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and digital pathology images over the past decade. The major deep learning methods and applications on imaging-based screening, diagnosis, treatment response prediction, and prognosis are elaborated and discussed. Drawn from the findings of this survey, we present a comprehensive discussion of the challenges and potential avenues for future research in deep learning-based breast cancer imaging.","PeriodicalId":39235,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"18 ","pages":"130-151"},"PeriodicalIF":17.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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