Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.02.07
Elisaveta Drăghici
Partnership to achieve common goals is an example of social action. When it is geared towards achieving a high level of quality of life, it is a complex dynamic and therefore of interest to researchers. This study explores the associative phenomenon from the perspective of two dimensions (which define the quality-of-life paradigm), namely quality of society and lifestyles (according to Mărginean and Precupețu’s vision, 2011), but also from the perspective of the community life and social participation dimension (as stated by Fahey et al., 2003). In addition to the theoretical approach on joining organizations for social involvement (in order to achieve a better life), the results of empirical research based on the administration of a questionnaire are presented. The empirical research highlights perceptions of action in society, the determinants of associational behavior oriented towards social involvement, the motivations behind the establishment of non-governmental organizations and their relation to the concern to improve the quality of life. The present study is one section of a larger ongoing research on motivations for setting up NGOs and the development of the non-profit sector. The topic is of interest in that, thirty years after freedom of association was achieved in Romania, the exploration of the motivations for setting up an NGO has been sporadic, the study showing current aspects of association for involvement in society.
实现共同目标的伙伴关系是社会行动的一个例子。当它旨在实现高水平的生活质量时，它是一个复杂的动态，因此引起了研究人员的兴趣。本研究从两个维度(定义生活质量范式)的角度探讨了联想现象，即社会质量和生活方式(根据m和Precupețu的愿景，2011年)，也从社区生活和社会参与维度的角度(如Fahey et al.， 2003年)。除了对社会参与组织(为了实现更好的生活)的理论方法外，本文还提出了基于问卷管理的实证研究结果。实证研究强调了对社会行动的看法、面向社会参与的结社行为的决定因素、建立非政府组织背后的动机及其与改善生活质量的关系。本研究是正在进行的关于建立非政府组织的动机和非营利部门发展的更大研究的一部分。令人感兴趣的是，在罗马尼亚实现结社自由三十年后，对建立非政府组织动机的探索一直是零星的，研究显示了结社参与社会的当前方面。
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.03.04
Teodora Dumitru
The purpose of this essay is to map the energetic and (peri)thermodynamic background of theories about poetry from the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, also included in the horizon of interest of Romanian critics. In the present essay, I trace the route by which the literary critic E. Lovinescu arrives at his unique stylistic and conceptual approach to the poetry of G. Bacovia from the article he dedicates to him in 1922 and from the sequence reserved for the same poet in the study Poezia nouă (1923), both capitalized, further, in his literary histories. It is about the interpretation or even the definition of Bacovian poetry as an “expression” of “a neurosis,” as a “poetry” of “(deeply animalistic) kinesthesia,” as an “almost direct expression” of a “sick kinesthesia” or, even more abruptly, as “secretion of a sick organism, as moisture is the tear of damp walls.”
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.04.07
Eugen Ciurtin
The present series offers an anthology of excerpts from all types of Mircea Eliade’s writings, either unpublished or published as journals, reminiscences, memoirs, articles, essays, and shorter pieces, which may as a whole describe his own production and continual re/use of personal manuscripts. There is at present no systematic inquiry into the nature, form, quantity, and scope of his lost Bucharest archive. The rather large amount of Eliade Bucharest manuscripts sold through auctions since 2017 has already lethally interfered with the integrity of Eliade’s archive, as he bid farewell in August 1942 and the subsequent material owners offered after Eliade’s death no public catalogue or minimal listing of identified manuscripts, no indices, and almost no proper clues regarding its very size. Meanwhile, some manuscripts from this archive were sold directly by Eliade estates to public institutions in Romania (1986-1989) or sold directly to two public libraries in Bucharest by the sole material owner (and for his own personal benefit), in March-December 1989. Eliade’s published and especially unpublished manuscripts auctioned since 2017 are extraordinarily diverse, and only a part have been rescued by public institutions (17 manuscripts by the Library of the Romanian Academy in 2021, 67 manuscripts by the donors of the Institute for the History of Religions of the Romanian Academy in 2002, and several others at present under critical scrutiny, in 2023 and by the donors of the same Institute). All these manuscripts are only a fragment from the full archive Eliade left for good in Bucharest in 1942. Synoptic re-reading may thus help indeed improve our knowledge of that very archive, its content being a source of endless litigious intervention. The series complements ECCE | The Complete Critical Edition of Mircea Eliade’s Scholarly Works before 1945, under the aegis of the Institute for the History of Religions, as well as MEUM | Mircea Eliade’s Unpublished Manuscripts from Private Collections, published by Eugen Ciurtin and Andreea Apostu in Transilvania 51 [155] (2023), no. 1, pp. 1-22 (Critical edition), no. 2, pp. 1-16 (Concordances A-E), and no. 3, pp. 1-16, with forthcoming instalments in 2023.
{"title":"În arhiva lui: Eliade (I)","authors":"Eugen Ciurtin","doi":"10.51391/trva.2023.04.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51391/trva.2023.04.07","url":null,"abstract":"The present series offers an anthology of excerpts from all types of Mircea Eliade’s writings, either unpublished or published as journals, reminiscences, memoirs, articles, essays, and shorter pieces, which may as a whole describe his own production and continual re/use of personal manuscripts. There is at present no systematic inquiry into the nature, form, quantity, and scope of his lost Bucharest archive. The rather large amount of Eliade Bucharest manuscripts sold through auctions since 2017 has already lethally interfered with the integrity of Eliade’s archive, as he bid farewell in August 1942 and the subsequent material owners offered after Eliade’s death no public catalogue or minimal listing of identified manuscripts, no indices, and almost no proper clues regarding its very size. Meanwhile, some manuscripts from this archive were sold directly by Eliade estates to public institutions in Romania (1986-1989) or sold directly to two public libraries in Bucharest by the sole material owner (and for his own personal benefit), in March-December 1989. Eliade’s published and especially unpublished manuscripts auctioned since 2017 are extraordinarily diverse, and only a part have been rescued by public institutions (17 manuscripts by the Library of the Romanian Academy in 2021, 67 manuscripts by the donors of the Institute for the History of Religions of the Romanian Academy in 2002, and several others at present under critical scrutiny, in 2023 and by the donors of the same Institute). All these manuscripts are only a fragment from the full archive Eliade left for good in Bucharest in 1942. Synoptic re-reading may thus help indeed improve our knowledge of that very archive, its content being a source of endless litigious intervention. The series complements ECCE | The Complete Critical Edition of Mircea Eliade’s Scholarly Works before 1945, under the aegis of the Institute for the History of Religions, as well as MEUM | Mircea Eliade’s Unpublished Manuscripts from Private Collections, published by Eugen Ciurtin and Andreea Apostu in Transilvania 51 [155] (2023), no. 1, pp. 1-22 (Critical edition), no. 2, pp. 1-16 (Concordances A-E), and no. 3, pp. 1-16, with forthcoming instalments in 2023.","PeriodicalId":39326,"journal":{"name":"Revista Transilvania","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70877309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.04.09
Pavel Krafl
In the study, the author focuses on penitence law in the medieval Kingdom of Bohemia, and specifically on the territory of the Prague ecclesiastical province, i.e. in the Prague and Olomouc dioceses. Confession also became the subject of normative regulation in medieval ecclesiastical law, taking on the character of a legal institution. The decree Omnis utiusque sexus, promulgated at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215, made it compulsory for each resident in a parish to make a confession to his or her parish priest once a year. The provisions of the conciliar decree were taken into the papal code Liber extra in 1234. Confession thus became an institution of canon law. Confession was regulated more closely at ecclesiastical province and diocese level by provincial and diocesan statutes, the most important of these being the provincial statutes of Arnošt of Pardubice from 1349. A certain set of sins was reserved for the diocesan bishop or the Pope to absolve. Numerous manuals for administering the Sacrament of Penance (summae confessorum, poenitentiale) were used for the theoretical instruction and practical needs of confessors. The most widespread in the Czech lands were Summa de casibus poenitentiae by Raymond of Peñafort and Summa Pisana by Bartholomaeus de Sancto Concordio. Several such penitentials were also created in Bohemia, written by Bishop Robert of Olomouc, Hermann of Prague, Štěpán of Roudnice, Sander Rambow, Matthew of Cracow, Štěpán of Kolín, and Václav of Dráchov.
在这项研究中，作者着重于中世纪波希米亚王国的忏悔法，特别是布拉格教会省的领土，即布拉格和奥洛穆茨教区。忏悔也成为中世纪教会法规范规范的主体，具有法律制度的特征。1215年第四次拉特兰大公会议(Fourth Lateran Council)颁布的法令Omnis unique sexus规定，每个教区的居民必须每年向他或她的教区神父忏悔一次。大公会议法令的规定在1234年被纳入《教皇法典》。忏悔因此成为教会法的一项制度。告解在教会省和教区层面更严格地受到省和教区法规的规范，其中最重要的是1349年帕尔杜比斯省法规Arnošt。某些罪是留给教区主教或教皇来赦免的。许多手册管理忏悔圣礼(summae confessorum, potentientiale)被用于理论指导和忏悔的实际需要。在捷克土地上最广泛的是Peñafort的Raymond的Summa de casibus poenitentiae和bartholomeus de Sancto Concordio的Summa Pisana。几个这样的忏悔也创造了在波西米亚，写主教罗伯特的奥洛穆茨，赫尔曼的布拉格，Štěpán的Roudnice，桑德·兰博，马修的克拉科夫，Štěpán的Kolín, Václav的Dráchov。
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.05-06.02
Geanina Giuhat
The main aim of this paper is the analysis of how the multi-peripheral position in Ileana Negrea’s poetry is recontextualized in the geotemporality of contemporary Romanian culture, acknowledging her formation in a different language and through the reception and the application of feminist theories and praxis from other spaces, especially from the South American one, that are stratified and inserted in her texts. The analysis focuses on how the inflexion point of her marginal identity, gender-queerness-madness, is recomposed in the actual Romanian cultural and geopolitical circumstances and how her texts are perceived accordingly with these. At the same time, it will be explored how Negrea’s texts enrol in the world literature system via her registering in the worldly queer-feminist literary scheme.
{"title":"Periferia ca supracondiție a existenței în literatură: Ileana Negrea și supraabundența identitară","authors":"Geanina Giuhat","doi":"10.51391/trva.2023.05-06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51391/trva.2023.05-06.02","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this paper is the analysis of how the multi-peripheral position in Ileana Negrea’s poetry is recontextualized in the geotemporality of contemporary Romanian culture, acknowledging her formation in a different language and through the reception and the application of feminist theories and praxis from other spaces, especially from the South American one, that are stratified and inserted in her texts. The analysis focuses on how the inflexion point of her marginal identity, gender-queerness-madness, is recomposed in the actual Romanian cultural and geopolitical circumstances and how her texts are perceived accordingly with these. At the same time, it will be explored how Negrea’s texts enrol in the world literature system via her registering in the worldly queer-feminist literary scheme.","PeriodicalId":39326,"journal":{"name":"Revista Transilvania","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70877813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.04.04
Teodora Dumitru
The purpose of this essay is an attempt to map the energetic and (peri)thermodynamic background of theories about poetry from the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, also included in the horizon of interest of Romanian critics. In the present essay, I trace the route by which the literary critic E. Lovinescu arrives at his unique stylistic and conceptual approach to the poetry of G. Bacovia from the article he dedicates to him in 1922 and from the sequence reserved for the same poet in the study Poezia nouă (1923), both capitalized, further, in his literary histories. It is about the interpretation or even the definition of Bacovian poetry as an “expression” of “a neurosis,” as a “poetry” of “(deeply animalistic) kinesthesia,” as an “almost direct expression” of a “sick kinesthesia” or, even more abruptly, as “secretion of a sick organism, as moisture is the tear of damp walls.”
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.04.01
J. Itzigsohn
There is a growing interest in decolonizing Sociology. Yet, there is no agreed upon definition of what this entails. In this essay I address two questions related to the decolonizing sociology effort. The first one is whether sociology has a mainstream and, if so, how can we describe it? In discussing this question, I also address the relationship between sociology and science. The second question is how do we go about decolonizing the discipline? I present the outlines of a proposal to decolonize sociology’s methodologies and practices and I also discuss the differences between alternative approaches and the question of what labels should we use. I don’t presume to have definitive answers to these questions. I offer these reflections as a contribution to the effort of rethinking sociology, a process that needs to be a collective endeavor.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.05-06.06
Denisa-Corina Bolba
The present research aims to bring into discussion the complex figure of Norman Manea, representative of the studies concerned with the analysis of the globalization strategies of Romanian literature. Relevant in this sense is the process of “reinvention” of a Romanian writer in an American context, through which one can understand the efforts of cultural and literary transplantation, of a constant, non-euphoric revisionism – according to Claudiu Turcuș’s formula –, as an alternative to the necessary political scale of aesthetics, but also the confrontation of clichés coming from the American continent. Throughout this endeavor, attention will be paid to the manner in which Romanian literature allows itself to be shaped, from its (semi)peripheral position, by the effects of a quintessentially transnational culture, such as the American one. What does the integration of Norman Manea entail, formed as an identity in the Eastern European context and as a survivor of some totalitarian regimes, how much of this identity is “saved” or diminished to ensure integration, how is a successful dialogue between the margin and the center formed, remain pillar questions for a profitable discussion for current Romanian studies, concerned with the status of Romanian literature as world literature. Norman Manea’s writings thus facilitate the updating of other themes, in addition to that of dislocation and relocation that migration produces: the contrast between the representation of communism in Eastern European prose and the representations of the West or the international reception of contemporary Romanian literature, subjects through which we aspire to overcome the proposed framework discussion.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2023.05-06.10
Santiago Daniel Gutiérrez Echeverría
In this stylistic study I propose a reading of Orbitor [Blinding] through two literary modes: magical realism and maximalism, as Mircea Cărtărescu’s trilogy contains elements that fit into both literary modes, albeit with some differences. Such a reading would allow the formulation of the term magical hyperrealism as a new literary mode. The understanding of magical realism is based on three features: authorial reticence, amplification of reality through “faith” and social comprehension. Regarding authorial reticence, Beatrice Amaryll Chanady compares magical realism with the fantastic as defined by T. Todorov. Unlike the fantastic, which creates doubt between a real or a supernatural explanation for unlikely events, magical realism allows the ordinary and the marvelous to coexist as two components of a harmonious reality that is given without explanation (authorial reticence). The amplification of reality through faith in the marvelous and the social comprehension of the marvelous are concepts based on Alejo Carpentier’s lo real maravilloso. In Orbitor all of these features appear in many episodes, although unlike traditional magical realism, faith in the marvelous is expressed through personal-intellectual convictions rather than social-collective beliefs. As for maximalism, Orbitor fulfills most of the ten characteristics of this genre as defined by Stefano Ercolino. The main difference is point 10: “hybrid realism.” In this case, maximalism usually distorts reality for representational purposes, but Orbitor distorts it for purely literary purposes or for a psychic-subjective exploration of the author. From comparing Orbitor with both literary modes, magical hyperrealism as a literary mode is defined as follows: a totalizing-encyclopedic vision of reality that, with authorial reticence, harmonizes the real and the marvelous through a strong faith. Some applications and future possibilities are discussed in the conclusions.
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Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.51391/trva.2022.04.09
Maria Sass
The memoir authored by the Ukrainian Germanist Petro Rychlo, whose first edition was published at Suhrkamp with the occasion of the centennial anniversary of Paul Celan’s birth, includes a chronological selection of 55 texts from all the stations of the poet’s life. The volume pursues a better knowledge of Paul Celan as individual, of his character and his psychology, aspects that could have collectively contributed to the tragic outcome of his troubled life. Paul Celan is revealed as a complex personality, both through his poetic uniqueness and existential tragedy, as well as in his greatness and human vulnerability. The author argues for the importance of getting acquainted with the biographical aspects surrounding Celan – the Holocaust, the great love for his mother, the search for his Jewish identity – and emphasizes their special significance in deciphering the hermetic Celanian poetry.
{"title":"REVIEW: Petro Rychlo, ed. Mit den Augen von Zeitgenossen. Erinnerungen an Paul Celan","authors":"Maria Sass","doi":"10.51391/trva.2022.04.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51391/trva.2022.04.09","url":null,"abstract":"The memoir authored by the Ukrainian Germanist Petro Rychlo, whose first edition was published at Suhrkamp with the occasion of the centennial anniversary of Paul Celan’s birth, includes a chronological selection of 55 texts from all the stations of the poet’s life. The volume pursues a better knowledge of Paul Celan as individual, of his character and his psychology, aspects that could have collectively contributed to the tragic outcome of his troubled life. Paul Celan is revealed as a complex personality, both through his poetic uniqueness and existential tragedy, as well as in his greatness and human vulnerability. The author argues for the importance of getting acquainted with the biographical aspects surrounding Celan – the Holocaust, the great love for his mother, the search for his Jewish identity – and emphasizes their special significance in deciphering the hermetic Celanian poetry.","PeriodicalId":39326,"journal":{"name":"Revista Transilvania","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49097759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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