Zhonghua fang she xue za zhi Chinese journal of radiology最新文献

The clinical and radiological observations of 115 patients (163 joints) with neuroarthropathy (Charcot joint) were presented. The main clinical and typical X-ray findings as well as the radiologic features of different joints were described: (1) In Charcot joint of the shoulder, the entire scapula bone may be disintegrated; (2) After cleaning and arthrodesis, fragmentation of bone may reappear at both ends of the affected long bone and even the lateral surface of diaphysis; (3) Fragmentation of articular surface and subchondral bone may be seen in non-weight bearing surface; (4) 32 cases in our series had spontaneous fractures without history of trauma or undue strain; (5) Follow-up observation in short period (two to six weeks) showed rapid progressive destruction. The authors were of the opinion that neurotrophic theory seems to be the important pathogenesis of Charcot joint. While bone resorption should be the primary change. Bone hypertrophy and proliferation are secondary changes.

Experimental hepatic artery embolization with camptothecin (CPT) albumin microspheres was performed in normal livers of 18 rats and experimental hepatic tumors of 8 rats. The effects of drug microsphere embolization were evaluated by selective celiac angiography and pathologic examination. The results showed that hepatic artery and peripheral vessels totally disappeared on angiogram after intra-hepatic-arterial infusion of CPT microspheres. Plentiful collaterals were demonstrable on follow up selective celiac angiogram 20 days postoperative, while partial and complete reconstitution of hepatic artery occurred within 50 approximately 70 days after embolization. Pathologic examination revealed that the drug microspheres were entrapped in the arterioles of liver and scattered areas of infarction were observed in the peripheral parts of liver. Therefore, CPT albumin microsphere is a peripheral type of biodegradable embolizing agent.

This article reported 11 cases of percutaneous puncture of pancreatic cysts guided by ultrasound. All were successfully punctured. The clinical value, indication and the procedure were discussed. Percutaneous puncture is not only valuable for diagnosis of pancreatic cyst, but also for therapy. Of ten cases treated by puncture aspiration, two cases with two cysts were followed for 2.5 years and 5.5 years respectively without recurrence of the cyst; in another case, the cyst was reduced to 62% of its original size after 4 years.

This report presented fifty-eight renal cysts in 50 patients treated with percutaneous aspiration and alcohol injection. The cysts varied in size from 2.3 cm to approximately 13.5 cm in diameter, the amount of aspirated fluid varied from 5 ml to 780 ml. Forty-three of 58 renal cysts were followed from 3 months to one year. The curative effective rate was 95.3% and in 65.1%, the cystic cavity disappeared. The method technique, indication and preliminary experience were discussed.

One hundred and sixty-four cases of upper gastrointestinal strictures were treated with balloon dilatation in a period of 4 years. Totally 682 procedures were performed. Among them, sequential treatment and follow-up studies were done in 140 cases including anastomotic stricture 95, corrosive stricture of esophagus 33 and other kinds of stenosis of esophagus 12. The total effective rate was 90% (126/140) and long term effective rate 71.4% (100/140). Failure was observed in 14 cases (10%), of which 11 cases were due to tumor recurrence. In this paper the authors proposed the concept about short-term and long-term effect and criteria for evaluation; The factors influencing the effectiveness and the number of procedure undertaken are related to the cause and degree of stricture as well as the time selected for dilatation. The indications for such dilatation treatment are anastomotic stricture of upper gastrointestinal tract, esophageal web and corrosive stricture of esophagus. This method could be used as the treatment of choice, for cicatrical stricture of upper gastrointestinal tract of various causes.

A correlative study of CT, X-ray and pathology was done on 41 cases with pulmonary solitary nodule, including peripheral lung cancer 30 cases, benign lesion 10 and metastatic tumor 1. Results showed that CT was more sensitive than conventional X-ray in depicting the characteristic signs such as spiculate protuberance, minute calcifications, small vacuole sign and retraction of pleura. 2 mm thin slice CT scanning is helpful in differential diagnosis of lesions less than 2 cm in diameter. Correlation of CT findings with pathology indicated that spiculate protuberance was caused by infiltrative growth of tumor, whereas the small vacuole sign represented remnant of air containing cavity or slit. The shaggy border of inflammatory nodule was the result of extension of inflammatory process. A correct diagnosis of pulmonary solitary nodule lies in comprehensive analysis of CT manifestations. There is greater possibility of malignancy with mass greater than 4 cm in diameter, lobulation and spiculation are frequently present. Lung cancer less than 3 cm in diameter often presents as lobulated mass with spicules, small vacuole sign and pleural retraction.

This article reported 14 cases of pericardial puncture under ultrasound guidance with total success and without any complications. This technique is safer and more accurate than conventional method. The localization of puncture site and the technique were introduced. A common linear array transducer coupled with a self-made end-entering guide is the instrument needed which is simple and effective.

The relation between the sex hormonal receptor status and the mammographic appearance of the primary breast cancer in 162 patients was studied. The hormonal receptor status of breast cancer could be inferred by its shape and size as seen on the mammogram. The hormonal receptor level tended to be high tumors with prominent spiculate shadows or when the size of the tumor was small regardless of its shape, but lower in the majority of tumors which were large and lumpy with less hair-like projections or devoid of spicules. The mechanism of this phenomenon has been investigated. In addition, 119 patients with mammography taken of the opposite breast were analysed and no correlation was found between Wolfe's parenchymal pattern and hormonal receptor status. The authors suggested that mammography might be a simple and reliable method of assess the hormonal receptor status in breast cancer.

Polyvinyl alcohol microsphere impregnated with barium sulfate was found to be a good embolizing agent in regard to shape, suspension and distribution in the arteries. Different-phase hepatic artery embolization with microspheres (50 approximately 100 microns, 100 approximately 300 microns) was performed in 20 dogs to evaluate the angiographic and histopathologic changes and hepatic function alterations. Permanent occlusion of the peripheral arterioles was observed on follow-up angiograms one week to six months after embolization. Shrinkage of the embolized segment and focal infarct of the liver were noticed in nearly half of the specimens both grossly and microscopically. The shape and structure of the microspheres were seen unchanged on different-phase specimens, and microspheres as small as 50 microns could reach the corresponding small peripheral arterioles. The liver function alterations were comparable with gelfoam embolization. This study suggested that permanent embolization of small arterioles was possible with such microspheres.