Zhonghua fang she xue za zhi Chinese journal of radiology最新文献

Primary tumors of the small bowel are relatively rare. The 24 cases reported in this paper have been confirmed by operation and pathology. Based on clinical and radiologic findings and review of literature, the main X-ray manifestations of primary tumors of the small bowel were as follows: (1) Stenosis; (2) Filling defect; (3) Stiffness of involved intestinal wall with destruction of mucosa and loss of valvulae conniventes; (4) Intestinal obstruction or intussusception; (5) Dynamic dilatation and reversed peristalsis of the bowel segment proximal to the tumor. The causes of misdiagnosis and failure of detection and the site of predilection of the tumor were discussed. The differential points between benign and malignant tumors, sarcoma and carcinoma, metastatic tumor and primary tumor, Crohn's disease and carcinoma were mentioned.

The CT findings of hepatic cirrhosis caused by schistosomiasis Japonica comprise in addition to common manifestations of cirrhosis, the peculiar septal and capsular calcifications resulting in a map-like appearance. In advanced cases, septal fibrotic scar retracts the surface of liver and forms shallow notches, giving rise to pseudolobulated contour. Carcinoma may complicate hepatic schistosomiasis japonica with cirrhosis, but large ova-nodule can mimic cancer on CT image.

Barrett's esophagus is a complication of gastroesophageal reflux. Radiological findings included gastroesophageal reflux and oesophagitis. It is an important precancerous disorder in the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The authors reported 4 cases confirmed by endoscopy and pathology.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy were made under CT guidance of 50 cases of intra-abdominal masses, including liver in 37 cases, kidney in 6, pancreas and spleen in 1 respectively, and 5 biopsies were made of tumors of the abdominal cavity. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 92%, and the accuracy for malignancies was 84.6%. No complications occurred related to the procedure. The relevant factors for precise biopsy safety and the therapeutic value of this technique were discussed. It was concluded that CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy is precise in localization, it is a safe approach yielding satisfactory diagnostic accuracy.

This was an animal experimental study about blood flow perfusion of the kidney, brain and lung with DSA parametric imaging. The authors set up a gradient stenotic vessel model for research of blood flow perfusion of the kidney and brain, and a model of balloon embolization for research of blood flow perfusion of the lung. The experiment indicated that these models can reflect exactly the quantitative changes of blood flow perfusion of organs. The parameter-"peak height" is a useful indicator reflecting the quantitative changes of regional blood flow, whereas both time parameters-Tmax and 1/2 Tmax are not sensitive ones. The authors suggested that the information obtained from this experiment could be used as the basis for DSA parametric imaging in human.

A new CT stereotactic device named version WL-86 was designed and manufactured by the authors. Phantom puncture and cadaver puncture tests showed that its accuracy is less than 1 mm. We have also made a new type of biopsy needle--the rotary and translational cutting biopsy needle. A definite pathological diagnosis was made in 93.7% (30/32) of patients by this technique: The practicability of the device, the indications and clinical value of CT-guided stereotactic biopsy were discussed.

Mucopolysaccharidosis-II (MPS-II) and MPS-I are both characterized by gargoylist dwarfism. MPS-II is of X-linked recessive heredity. Five cases of MPS-II-B in our series were followed up for ten years. Corneal opacity and dysmnesia were not found in all of them. Although MPS-II possessed many radiologic similarities to MPS-I, the former presented certain characteristic features such as butterfish-like vertebra, and small triangular malformation of carpal bones and tarsal scaphoid etc.

This report presented 61 cases of renal cystic masses including renal parenchymal cyst 57 cases; parapelvic cyst 2; cystic hypernephroma 1 and calyceal diverticulum 1 case. All were confirmed by CT guided puncture and aspiration. The CT features of various renal cysts. complications and some special manifestations as well as differential diagnosis were discussed. Pertinent analysis of the CT features are necessary for correct diagnosis and proper management.

65 cases of nerve root sheath cyst of lumbosacral region were found out of 544 cases of myelography, 43 were confirmed by operation. The main radiologic features were: round or oval in shape in 28 cases; cylindrical or fusiform in 14; and mixed form in 13. In 10 cases, the contrast medium was seen to extend in an irregular pattern along nerve root sheath.

Schizencephaly is a variety of neuron migration anomalies which are caused by insults to the migration of subependymal neuroblasts during the third to fifth gestational months. It has characteristic CT findings including a hemispheric cleft, either unilateral or bilateral, in the parasylvian region lined with heterotopic gray matter and extending from the pial to the ependymal surface. In type I the lips of the cleft are fused, whereas in type II, these are separated. Polymicrogyria and malformations of septum pellucidum and corpus callosum are common associated findings. Seventeen cases of schizencephaly with only two cases of bilateral clefts were presented in this paper.