Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects最新文献_第4页

Recent advances in conducting polymer nanocomposites for non-invasive sweat-based biosensors: A review 无创汗液生物传感器用导电聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101609

Lovepreet Singh , Harshita Jain , Sakshi Sharma , Nishel Saini , Anuradha Kashyap , Vishal Singh

The demand for non-invasive, continuous health monitoring has accelerated research on wearable biosensors for real-time sweat analysis. Conducting polymer nanocomposites (CPNs), particularly those derived from polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), and PEDOT:PSS, have gained prominence owing to their unique combination of electrical conductivity, redox activity, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility. Current review broadly survey wearable biosensors, this article specifically highlights the engineering strategies and structure–property relationships of CPNs for sweat-based applications. Recent advances in nanomaterial integrationincluding carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, MXenes, and metal nanoparticlesare critically examined for their role in enhancing electron transfer, stability, and analyte selectivity. Fabrication approaches such as electropolymerization, inkjet printing, electrospinning, and 3D printing are compared in terms of scalability, reproducibility, and device durability. Transduction mechanisms like electrochemical, chemiresistive, and colorimetricare discussed. Device-level considerations, including substrate flexibility, microfluidic sweat handling, and wireless data transmission, are also analyzed. Key challenges like dopant leaching, film cracking under mechanical deformation, and signal drift in humid environments are identified, along with strategies for improved stability and performance. By integrating polymer engineering insights with wearable electronics, this review provides a forward-looking framework for designing next-generation sweat biosensors based on conducting polymer nanocomposites.

对无创、连续健康监测的需求加速了可穿戴生物传感器的研究，用于实时汗液分析。导电聚合物纳米复合材料（cpn），特别是由聚苯胺（PANI）、聚吡咯（PPy）和PEDOT:PSS衍生的聚合物纳米复合材料，由于其独特的导电性、氧化还原活性、机械柔韧性和生物相容性的组合而获得了突出的地位。本文综述了可穿戴生物传感器的研究现状，重点介绍了基于汗液的cpn的工程策略和结构-性能关系。纳米材料集成的最新进展，包括碳纳米管、石墨烯衍生物、MXenes和金属纳米颗粒，对它们在增强电子转移、稳定性和分析物选择性方面的作用进行了严格的研究。制造方法，如电聚合、喷墨打印、静电纺丝和3D打印在可扩展性、可重复性和设备耐用性方面进行了比较。转导机制，如电化学，化学抗性和比色法进行了讨论。还分析了器件级考虑因素，包括衬底灵活性，微流体汗液处理和无线数据传输。主要挑战包括掺杂剂浸出、机械变形下薄膜开裂、潮湿环境下的信号漂移，以及提高稳定性和性能的策略。通过将聚合物工程见解与可穿戴电子技术相结合，本综述为设计基于导电聚合物纳米复合材料的下一代汗液生物传感器提供了前瞻性框架。

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引用次数: 0

Dual Channel Detection of Tetracycline Using Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Carbon Dots 室温磷光碳点双通道检测四环素

Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1142/s1793292026500700

Haoda Zhang, Kai Huang, Sen Zhou, Xiaoming Yang

Excessively employing tetracycline (TC) or even abusing has led to severe environmental pollution and health risks, and monitoring its amount and related residue is of great importance. Although fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) have been employed to detect TC, single-fluorescence detection usually shows the deficiencies of the limited interference resistance and relatively narrow detection range. This study introduced a dual-channel method based on nitrogen-doped phosphorescent carbon dots (N-CDs). By capitalizing on the synergistic effects of fluorescence and phosphorescence signals, this approach effectively improved the detection sensitivity and the linear range. These N-CDs were synthesized through a one-step microwave-assisted method using guanidinopropionic acid and amidinothiourea as the precursors. The findings revealed that TC selectively quenched both the fluorescent and phosphorescent signals of N-CDs mainly based on the inner filter effect (IFE). These findings not only validated the theoretical basis of the dual-channel detection approach but also highlighted its practical potential. The developed method provided a sensitive and reliable technique for detecting TC in various samples and demonstrated the versatility of N-CDs as promising sensing materials.

过度使用甚至滥用四环素造成了严重的环境污染和健康风险，监测其用量和相关残留具有重要意义。虽然利用荧光碳点（CDs）检测TC，但单荧光检测通常存在抗干扰能力有限、检测范围较窄的不足。本研究介绍了一种基于氮掺杂磷光碳点（N-CDs）的双通道方法。该方法利用荧光和磷光信号的协同效应，有效提高了检测灵敏度和线性范围。以胍丙酸和氨基硫脲为前驱体，采用微波辅助一步法合成了这些N-CDs。结果表明，TC可选择性猝灭N-CDs的荧光和磷光信号，主要是基于内部滤光效应（IFE）。这些发现不仅验证了双通道检测方法的理论基础，而且突出了其实际应用潜力。该方法为检测不同样品中的TC提供了一种灵敏可靠的技术，并证明了N-CDs作为一种有前途的传感材料的通用性。

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引用次数: 0

Tenofovir-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticles in thermosensitive vaginal gel: A novel strategy for HIV prophylaxis 热敏阴道凝胶中负载替诺福韦海藻酸壳聚糖纳米颗粒：一种预防HIV的新策略

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101570

Sonali Mahaparale , Vasanti Patil , Mohd Sayeed Shaikh , Paresh R. Mahaparale

The present study aims to develop a tenofovir-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (TFV-loaded AG-CS NPs) incorporated in a thermosensitive vaginal gel as a new HIV prevention strategy. Using the Box-Behnken design with five independent variables, optimized NPs were prepared using the ionic gelation technique. The optimized formulation (F14) with 0.3 % w/v sodium AG, 0.075 % w/v CS, and 0.075 % w/v CaCl₂, stirred at 1750 RPM for 45 min, produced NPs with a particle size of 50.41 nm and 90.4 % drug entrapment efficiency. These nanoparticles were mixed into a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 (20 % w/v) gel system, which had optimal physicochemical properties such as pH (4.1), gelation temperature (37.5°C), and temperature-dependent viscosity (2930 centipoise at 36°C). The formulation showed controlled drug release over 24 h using the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R² = 0.9927), suggesting diffusion-controlled drug release. This novel approach addresses key issues in vaginal drug delivery systems, such as mucus barriers and pH fluctuations, while also providing extended drug release for effective HIV prophylaxis. The TFV-loaded AG-CS NPs based thermosensitive gel holds promise as a user-friendly alternative to traditional prevention methods, with improved mucosal retention and drug bioavailability.

本研究旨在开发一种负载替诺福韦的海藻酸壳聚糖纳米颗粒（ttfv负载AG-CS NPs），并将其加入热敏阴道凝胶中，作为一种新的HIV预防策略。采用5个自变量的Box-Behnken设计，采用离子凝胶技术制备优化的NPs。以0.3 % w/v AG、0.075 % w/v CS、0.075 % w/v CaCl2为最佳配比（F14），以1750 RPM搅拌45 min，可制得粒径为50.41 nm、包封率为90.4 %的NPs。这些纳米颗粒被混合到热敏Pluronic F127（20 % w/v）凝胶体系中，该凝胶体系具有最佳的物理化学性质，如pH（4.1）、凝胶温度（37.5°C）和温度依赖粘度（36°C时2930 centipoise）。根据Korsmeyer-Peppas模型（R²= 0.9927），该制剂具有扩散控制释药，释药时间超过24 h。这种新方法解决了阴道给药系统中的关键问题，如粘液屏障和pH值波动，同时也为有效的HIV预防提供了延长的药物释放。基于ttfv负载AG-CS NPs的热敏凝胶有望成为传统预防方法的用户友好替代方案，具有改善的粘膜保留和药物生物利用度。

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引用次数: 0

Diosgenin-based nanomedicine: Advances in formulation strategies, biomedical applications, and translational challenges 基于薯蓣皂苷元的纳米医学：配方策略、生物医学应用和转化挑战的进展

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101556

Seyed Mohammad Amini

Diosgenin, a natural phytochemical, is promising in treating various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, arthritis, asthma, and cardiovascular conditions. Notably, it serves as a crucial raw material in the production of several steroid medications within the pharmaceutical industry. Given the vast array of opportunities presented by nanotechnology in the field of biomedicine, substantial research efforts have focused on the development of diverse nanoformulations derived from natural compounds, including diosgenin. This review examines a range of studies regarding the application of diosgenin in preparing nanomaterials, as well as the utilization of nanomaterials for the production, application, or delivery of diosgenin itself. Key insights into the remarkable potential of diosgenin within medical nanotechnology are emphasized. Its hydrophobic nature allows for efficient loading by organic nanostructures, enhancing its bioavailability in the body. Beyond its therapeutic attributes, due to its high chemical activity, diosgenin can act as a precursor for synthesizing various precursors for preparing organic or inorganic nanoparticles.

薯蓣皂苷元是一种天然的植物化学物质，在治疗各种疾病方面很有前景，包括癌症、糖尿病、关节炎、哮喘和心血管疾病。值得注意的是，它是制药工业中几种类固醇药物生产的关键原料。鉴于纳米技术在生物医学领域提供的大量机会，大量的研究工作集中在开发从天然化合物衍生的各种纳米配方上，包括薯蓣皂苷元。本文综述了薯蓣皂苷元在制备纳米材料中的应用，以及纳米材料在薯蓣皂苷元本身的生产、应用或递送中的应用。重点洞察薯蓣皂苷元的显著潜力在医疗纳米技术强调。它的疏水性允许有机纳米结构有效负载，提高其在体内的生物利用度。除了其治疗特性，由于其高化学活性，薯蓣皂苷元可以作为合成各种前体的前体，用于制备有机或无机纳米颗粒。

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引用次数: 0

Controlled synthesis and aerosol printing of size-tunable platinum nanoparticles for plasmonic applications 等离子体应用的可调谐铂纳米粒子的控制合成和气溶胶印刷

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101591

Anna Lizunova, Arina Sanatulina, Artem Novoselov, Egor Khramov, Olesya Vershinina, Ekaterina Kameneva, Ekaterina Kolisova, Gleb Zirnik, Dana Malo, Victor Ivanov

We present a gas-discharge method for controlled synthesis of platinum nanoparticles with tunable sizes ranging from 5 to 105 nm, achieved through precise gas flow regulation and subsequent in-flow sintering at 985 °C. The engineered polydisperse platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit size-dependent plasmonic absorption in the ultraviolet (UV) range from 247 to 267 nm. Leveraging dry aerosol direct-printing techniques, we fabricate metal-enhanced nanostructures that boost UV photoluminescence. Experimental results demonstrate the influence of Pt particle size, optical density, and nanostructure design on plasmon-enhanced UV emission from ZnO crystals. A theoretical framework is developed to model the luminescence enhancement of emitters coupled to polydisperse plasmonic Pt nanoparticles. Numerical calculations confirm the dependence of enhancement and quenching effects on both particle size and emitter quantum yield. Obtained experimental and simulation results provide insights for optimizing plasmonic UV light sources and design of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) substrates.

我们提出了一种气体放电方法，通过精确的气体流量调节和随后的985°C的流动烧结，可以控制合成尺寸在5到105 nm之间的铂纳米颗粒。设计的多分散铂纳米粒子（NPs）在247 ~ 267 nm的紫外（UV）范围内表现出与尺寸相关的等离子体吸收。利用干气溶胶直接印刷技术，我们制造金属增强纳米结构，增强紫外线光致发光。实验结果表明，Pt粒子尺寸、光密度和纳米结构设计对ZnO晶体的等离子体增强紫外发射有影响。建立了一个理论框架来模拟多分散等离子体Pt纳米粒子耦合的发射体的发光增强。数值计算证实了增强效应和淬灭效应对粒子尺寸和发射极量子产率的影响。获得的实验和模拟结果为优化等离子体紫外光源和金属增强荧光（MEF）衬底的设计提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Catalytic properties of Thuja occidentalis green synthesized Yb doped MgFe2O4, CuFe2O4 and MgCuFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles 紫苏绿合成掺镱MgFe2O4、CuFe2O4和MgCuFe2O4铁氧体纳米颗粒的催化性能

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101554

Nisha Devi , Kuldeep Kumar , Ashwani Kumar , Naveen Thakur

The study explored the preparation of plant extract from Thuja occidentalis and the green synthesis of Ytterbium (Yb) doped ferrite nanoparticles, including MgFe₂O₄, CuFe₂O₄ and MgCuFe₂O₄. The plant extract was prepared by boiling fresh Thuja occidentalis leaves in distilled water and subsequently filtering the solution. The extract, abundant in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent in the precipitation-based synthesis of Yb doped ferrite nanoparticles. The molar ratios of the metals were maintained to achieve desired doping levels and NaOH was added to induce precipitation, which was then calcined to produce ferrite nanoparticles. The photocatalytic and antioxidant activities of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under visible light and DPPH radical scavenging assays, respectively. Characterization techniques, including XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, XPS, SEM-EDS, TEM and VSM spectroscopy, confirmed the successful synthesis, structural integrity, functional and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. The results revealed that Yb doped CuFe₂O₄ ferrites exhibited superior photocatalytic and antioxidant activities compared to the other ferrite nanoparticles, making them promising candidates for environmental and health-related applications.

本研究探索了西花植物提取物的制备及Yb掺杂铁氧体纳米粒子MgFe2O4、CuFe2O4和MgCuFe2O4的绿色合成。用蒸馏水将新鲜的西树叶煮沸，然后过滤得到植物提取物。该提取物富含黄酮类化合物、单宁和萜类化合物等植物化学物质，在沉淀法合成掺杂Yb的铁氧体纳米颗粒中充当还原剂和稳定剂。保持金属的摩尔比以达到所需的掺杂水平，并添加NaOH来诱导沉淀，然后煅烧生成铁酸盐纳米颗粒。利用可见光降解亚甲基蓝（MB）染料和清除DPPH自由基的实验，分别评价了合成的纳米颗粒的光催化活性和抗氧化活性。表征技术包括XRD、FTIR、UV-Vis光谱、XPS、SEM-EDS、TEM和VSM光谱，证实了纳米颗粒的成功合成、结构完整性、功能和磁性能。结果表明，与其他铁氧体纳米颗粒相比，Yb掺杂CuFe2O4铁氧体具有优越的光催化和抗氧化活性，使其成为环境和健康相关应用的有希望的候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

Stable squalene-boron cluster nanoemulsions in aqueous media 水介质中稳定的角鲨烯-硼簇纳米乳

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101572

Antonida V. Kalistratova , Anna Yu. Tomilina , Aleksey A. Nikitin , Aleksey S. Kubasov , Konstantin Yu. Zhizhin , Svetlana E. Gelperina , Nikolay T. Kuznetsov , Evgeniy N. Ofitserov

Boron cluster compounds (BₙHₙ²⁻) represent a unique class of inorganic polyhedral anions with distinctive physicochemical properties and bioactivity. Squalene (C₃₀H₅₀), a natural triterpenoid hydrocarbon, holds significant pharmaceutical potential due to its biological activity and ability to form nanostructures. While many hydrophobic compounds can form surfactant-free emulsions, squalene solubilization in water via low-molecular-weight compounds remains unreported. We demonstrate a novel surfactant-free approach where boron cluster anions (BₙHₙ²⁻) enable stable squalene nanoemulsions in water, forming monodisperse nanostructures (100–200 nm, PDI ≤ 0.2) that retain colloidal stability even in physiological buffers like PBS and in the presence of third components dissolved in squalene. The stabilization capacity is anion-dependent: [B₁₀H₁₀]²⁻ supports higher squalene loads (80 wt%) than [B₁₂H₁₂]²⁻ (60 wt%), correlating with their chaotropic properties and aqueous solubility. Crucially, squalane (saturated analog) fails to form stable emulsions, highlighting the essential role of squalene’s six double bonds in stabilization, perhaps through π-interactions and non-classical hydrogen bonding with boron clusters. This system provides a new potential platform for drug delivery nanocarriers while offering some facts to understand mechanism of the first surfactant-like molecules were formed and synthesized.

硼簇化合物（B H²）是一类独特的无机多面体阴离子，具有独特的物理化学性质和生物活性。角鲨烯（C₃₀H₅₀）是一种天然的三萜碳氢化合物，由于其生物活性和形成纳米结构的能力，具有重要的制药潜力。虽然许多疏水化合物可以形成无表面活性剂的乳液，但角鲨烯通过低分子量化合物在水中的增溶作用仍未见报道。我们展示了一种新的无表面活性剂的方法，在这种方法中，硼簇阴离子（B - H -²）能在水中形成稳定的角鲨烯纳米乳，形成单分散的纳米结构（100-200 nm, PDI≤0.2），即使在生理缓冲液（如PBS）和溶解在角鲨烯中的第三组分存在下，也能保持胶体稳定性。稳定能力与阴离子有关：[B₁₀H₁₀]²⁻支持比[B₁₂H₁₂]²更高的角鲨烯负荷（80 wt%），这与它们的朝变性和水溶性有关。关键是，角鲨烷（饱和类似物）不能形成稳定的乳剂，突出了角鲨烯的六个双键在稳定中的重要作用，可能是通过π相互作用和与硼团簇的非经典氢键。该体系为药物递送纳米载体提供了一个新的潜在平台，同时也为了解第一个表面活性剂样分子的形成和合成机理提供了一些事实。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and DFT study of the conductive properties of PMMA composite material by doping with carbon nanotubes 碳纳米管掺杂PMMA复合材料导电性能的实验和DFT研究

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101568

Lusine Elbakyan , Irina Zaporotskova

The development of nanotechnology is currently one of the most promising and dynamically developing fields of science and technology. The advent of nanotechnology has rendered the fabrication of novel materials with distinctive properties, including elevated strength, minimal weight, enhanced corrosion resistance, and elevated heat resistance, a possibility. Moreover, these materials are extensively utilized in the development of more compact and powerful electronic devices, including transistors, sensors, and data storage devices. The application of nanotechnology has been demonstrated to enhance productivity whilst concomitantly reducing energy consumption. The increased utilization of nanotechnology has given rise to a growing imperative for scientific research. In the domain of nanotechnology, computer modeling occupies a pivotal position, proffering sophisticated instruments for the analysis and prediction of the behavior of nanoparticles. In this study, the well-known polymer polymethyl methacrylate and carbon nanotubes are selected as the main objects. A theoretical study has been conducted on the possibility of creating a stable Polymer-CNTs complex using the quantum chemical calculation method DFT. Single- and double-walled CNTs have been used in the study. The electron-energy structure of the obtained polymer nanocomposites has been analyzed. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion is made about the conductive properties of the resulting complex. Samples of composite materials have been obtained experimentally followed by a study of their electrically conductive properties. The results of theoretical modeling and practical research indicate that a polymer composite based on polymethylmethacrylate containing carbon nanotubes demonstrates properties that are characteristic of semiconductor materials.

纳米技术的发展是目前最有前途和最具活力的科学技术领域之一。纳米技术的出现使得制造具有独特性能的新型材料成为可能，包括提高强度、减轻重量、增强耐腐蚀性和提高耐热性。此外，这些材料被广泛用于开发更紧凑、更强大的电子设备，包括晶体管、传感器和数据存储设备。纳米技术的应用已被证明可以提高生产力，同时减少能源消耗。纳米技术应用的增加使得科学研究变得越来越迫切。在纳米技术领域，计算机建模占有举足轻重的地位，为分析和预测纳米颗粒的行为提供了复杂的工具。在本研究中，选择了众所周知的聚合物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和碳纳米管作为主要研究对象。利用量子化学计算方法DFT，对制备稳定的聚合物-碳纳米管络合物的可能性进行了理论研究。研究中使用了单壁和双壁碳纳米管。对所得聚合物纳米复合材料的电子能结构进行了分析。根据所获得的数据，得出了所得到的配合物的导电性能的结论。通过实验获得了复合材料的样品，并对其导电性能进行了研究。理论建模和实际研究结果表明，含碳纳米管的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合物复合材料具有半导体材料的特性。

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引用次数: 0

Role of Al3 + ion substitution in modulating conductivity and interfacial polarization in CoNiCuZn spinel ferrite: Cation distribution study Al3 +离子取代对CoNiCuZn尖晶石铁氧体电导率和界面极化的调节作用：阳离子分布研究

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101566

M.A. Almessiere , A. Baykal , S.E. Shirsath , M.A. Gondal , Md Amir , Y. Slimani

The current study examines the effect of Al³⁺ ion substitution (x = 0.00 – 0.10) on the electrical and dielectric properties of host Co_0.25Ni_0.25Zn_0.25Cu_0.25Fe₂O₄ spinel ferrite nanoparticles (Al → CoNiZnCu SFNPs) which have been synthesized via sol-gel auto combustion method. XRD (X-ray powder Diffraction) analysis confirmed the cubic spinel structure of all products. The crystallite size (D_XRD) varies between 35 and 36 nm. AC conductivity increased with frequency (f) and temperature (T), confirming polaron hopping mechanisms. Al³ ⁺ ion substitution altered charge transport by disrupting Fe²⁺–Fe³ ⁺ hopping, increasing resistivity up to x = 0.06 and slightly recovering at higher x due to microstructural effects. Activation energies (Ea), derived from Arrhenius plots, peaked at x = 0.06 and decreased at both extremes, reflecting variable charge mobility. The dielectric constant (ε′) showed strong frequency (f) dispersion and Temperature (T) dependence, decreasing with Al³ ⁺ ion content but rising again at x = 0.08. Dielectric loss (tan δ) revealed relaxation peaks and high loss values at x = 0.06 and 0.10, indicating interfacial polarization and grain boundary conduction. Cole–Cole impedance plots confirmed non-Debye relaxation with dual grain and grain boundary contributions, shifting with Al³ ⁺ ion content and T. These findings confirmed that Al³ ⁺ ion substitution can effectively tune the electrical & dielectric behavior of host Co_0.25Ni_0.25Zn_0.25Cu_0.25Fe₂O₄ SFNPs for functional device applications.

本研究考察了Al3+离子取代（x = 0.00 - 0.10）对采用溶胶-凝胶自燃烧法合成的Co0.25Ni0.25Zn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4尖晶石铁素体纳米粒子（Al→CoNiZnCu SFNPs）电学和介电性能的影响。XRD （x射线粉末衍射）分析证实了所有产物的立方尖晶石结构。晶体尺寸（DXRD）在35 ~ 36 nm之间。交流电导率随频率(f)和温度(T)的增加而增加，证实了极化子跳变机制。Al³ +离子取代通过破坏Fe²+ -Fe³ +跳变改变电荷输运，电阻率升高至x = 0.06，由于微结构效应在更高x处略有恢复。由Arrhenius图得到的活化能（Ea）在x = 0.06处达到峰值，在两个极端处都有所下降，反映了电荷迁移率的变化。介电常数ε′表现出较强的频率(f)色散和温度(T)依赖性，随着Al³ +离子含量的增加而降低，但在x = 0.08时又升高。介电损耗（tan δ）在x = 0.06和0.10处出现弛豫峰和高损耗值，表明界面极化和晶界导电。Cole-Cole阻抗图证实了双晶界和晶界贡献的非debye弛豫，并随着Al³ +离子含量和t的变化而变化。这些发现证实了Al³ +离子取代可以有效地调节Co0.25Ni0.25Zn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4 SFNPs的介电行为，用于功能器件应用。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication and characterization of nano-porous surfaces on silicon and mica 硅和云母纳米多孔表面的制备与表征

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101569

Michał Góra , Manfred Heuberger

Nano-porous surfaces are becoming increasingly more relevant due to their unique structural and functional properties. Depending on the scientific question to be addressed, both single nanopores and large-area nano-porous surfaces (i.e., above 100 µm × 100 µm) are particularly valuable model systems for studying fundamental physical effects, especially in contact with fluids. This study explores two fabrication approaches to generate defined nanopores on initially flat surfaces of silicon and mica substrates: one using focused ion beam (FIB) milling, and the other employing anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) as an etching mask for ion etching (RIE). Both methods yield nano-porous surfaces with inter-pore maximum roughness below 2 nm and diameters ranging from 40 nm up to hundreds of nanometers. Despite progress in understanding fluid behavior in nanopores, direct surface force measurements on such surfaces remain scarce. To address this, we performed atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements in air and water, revealing a locally enhanced van der Waals attraction around the pores, compared to the flat surfaces. This enhanced attraction is discussed in terms of contact mechanics and the distinct configuration of the electric double layer (EDL) around the orifice of such nanopores.

纳米多孔表面由于其独特的结构和功能特性而变得越来越重要。根据要解决的科学问题，单纳米孔和大面积纳米孔表面（即100 µm × 100 µm以上）都是研究基本物理效应，特别是与流体接触时特别有价值的模型系统。本研究探索了两种制造方法，在硅和云母衬底的初始平坦表面上产生确定的纳米孔：一种使用聚焦离子束（FIB）铣削，另一种使用阳极氧化铝（AAO）作为离子蚀刻（RIE）的蚀刻掩膜。两种方法都能得到孔径最大粗糙度小于2 nm，直径从40 nm到数百纳米的纳米孔表面。尽管在理解纳米孔中的流体行为方面取得了进展，但对这些表面的直接表面力测量仍然很少。为了解决这个问题，我们在空气和水中进行了原子力显微镜（AFM）测量，揭示了与平面相比，孔隙周围局部增强的范德华吸引力。从接触力学和这种纳米孔孔周围的双电层（EDL）的独特结构的角度讨论了这种增强的吸引力。

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