Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects最新文献_第5页

Multimodal functionalization of nanodiamonds for advanced biomedical and optoelectronic applications 用于先进生物医学和光电子应用的纳米金刚石的多模态功能化

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101576

Laura Verenis López De Arriba , Oxana V. Kharissova , Alexander L. Nikolaev , Boris I. Kharisov

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) emit light through a specific type of photoluminescence in which light emission is very rapid and is quenched almost immediately upon removal of the light source. To enhance the fluorescent properties of FNDs, a sustainable synthesis and functionalization strategy was developed by combined physicochemical treatments. The primary nanodiamonds (NDs) were obtained using a hydrothermal method and subsequently functionalized using ascorbic acid (AA), theraphthal (TP), urea (UR), and 30 % hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The surface activation was enhanced by applying direct ultrasound treatment for 15 and 20 h, along with ozone (O₃) exposure for 0.75 and 1.5 h, followed by ultrasound for 5 h. Prior to the final functionalization step, the NDs suspensions were subjected to a cleaning process by centrifugation and filtration with 200 nm membranes. After functionalization, the samples were duly characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, ζ-potential analysis and electron microscopy, i.e., HR-TEM and SEM. From the detailed analyses, incorporation of oxidative and nitrogen-containing functional groups on the NDs was confirmed. Which was further corroborated by the appearance of a faint blue to lime-green photoluminescence (∼500–520 nm), which is attributed to nitrogen-related defects near the surface (with N–V–N as the most consistent interpretation under our conditions). It is deduced that, the combined treatment with O₃ and ultrasound effectively favored the formation of the emissive centers and significantly reduced the duration of the experimental process. FNDs developed by this method have been shown to be extremely stable and resistant to photo-bleaching, making them highly useful for long-term bioimaging applications, diagnostics and drug release systems.

荧光纳米金刚石（FNDs）通过一种特定类型的光致发光发光，其中光发射非常迅速，并且在移除光源后几乎立即熄灭。为了提高FNDs的荧光性能，采用物化联合处理的方法进行了可持续合成和功能化。采用水热法制备纳米金刚石（NDs），然后用抗坏血酸（AA）、浴石（TP）、尿素（UR）和30% %过氧化氢（H2O2）进行功能化。直接超声处理15和20 h，同时臭氧（O3）暴露0.75和1.5 h，然后超声处理5 h，可以增强表面活化。在最后的功能化步骤之前，NDs悬浮液通过离心和200 nm膜过滤进行清洗过程。功能化后，样品通过FT-IR， UV-Vis，光致发光（PL）光谱，ζ电位分析和电子显微镜（即HR-TEM和SEM）进行了表征。通过详细的分析，可以确定NDs上存在氧化官能团和含氮官能团。这进一步证实了微弱的蓝色到石灰绿色光致发光（~ 500-520 nm）的出现，这是由于表面附近的氮相关缺陷（在我们的条件下，N-V-N是最一致的解释）。由此推断，O3与超声联合处理有效地促进了发射中心的形成，显著缩短了实验过程的持续时间。通过这种方法开发的FNDs具有极高的稳定性和抗光漂白性，使其在长期生物成像应用、诊断和药物释放系统中非常有用。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in carbon nanotubes synthesis: From conventional methods to non-conventional plasma-assisted methods 碳纳米管合成的进展：从传统方法到非常规等离子体辅助方法

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101573

Natasha Aziera Akashah , Norhafezaidi Mat Saman , Mohd Hafizi Ahmad , Zulkarnain Ahmad Noorden , Aizat Azmi , Khaled Abdou Ahmed Abdou Elsehsah , Azfar Satari Abdullah , Rizda Fitri Kurnia

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained global attention due to their remarkable mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability, making them ideal for a wide range of advanced applications. This review presents a comprehensive exploration of CNTs synthesis methods, highlighting the progression from conventional techniques such as arc discharge (AD), laser ablation (LA), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), carbonization, and combustion to non-conventional and plasma-assisted methods. While conventional methods have been effective in producing high-quality CNTs, they often exhibit critical limitations including poor chirality control, limited scalability, and the need for post-synthesis purification. Recent innovations involve the use of plasma-based systems, such as capacitively coupled plasma (CCP), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), microwave plasma (MP), plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD), dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), and atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) have enabled more precise control over growth parameters, improved CNTs alignment, and reduced defect formation at lower processing temperatures. The integration of external magnetic or electromagnetic fields into plasma systems further enhances CNTs alignment, crystallinity, and structural uniformity by stabilizing plasma behavior and optimizing ion trajectories. The synthesis parameters, including electrode configuration and precursor gases such as methane, nitrogen, oxygen, and argon (CH₄, N₂, O₂, Ar) are critically reviewed. Furthermore, this study discusses the importance of characterization techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) in evaluating CNTs quality. The relationship between synthesis parameters and resulting CNTs properties is also highlighted, offering valuable insights toward specific applications. Finally, the main challenges and future directions are addressed, particularly in the context of scale-up, real time process control, and environmentally sustainable CNTs manufacturing.

碳纳米管（CNTs）由于其卓越的机械强度、导电性和热稳定性而受到全球的关注，使其成为广泛的先进应用的理想材料。本文综述了对碳纳米管合成方法的全面探索，重点介绍了从传统的电弧放电（AD）、激光烧蚀（LA）、化学气相沉积（CVD）、碳化和燃烧等技术到非常规和等离子体辅助方法的进展。虽然传统方法在制备高质量碳纳米管方面是有效的，但它们往往存在严重的局限性，包括手性控制差、可扩展性有限以及需要合成后纯化。最近的创新涉及等离子体系统的使用，如电容耦合等离子体（CCP）、电感耦合等离子体（ICP）、微波等离子体（MP）、等离子体增强CVD （PECVD）、介质阻挡放电（DBD）和大气压等离子体射流（APPJ），这些系统能够更精确地控制生长参数，改善碳纳米管排列，并在较低的加工温度下减少缺陷形成。将外部磁场或电磁场集成到等离子体系统中，通过稳定等离子体行为和优化离子轨迹，进一步增强了碳纳米管的排列、结晶度和结构均匀性。合成参数，包括电极结构和前驱气体，如甲烷，氮，氧和氩（CH₄，N₂，O₂，Ar）进行了严格的审查。此外，本研究还讨论了表征技术，如拉曼光谱、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）和光学发射光谱（OES）在评估碳纳米管质量中的重要性。还强调了合成参数与所得碳纳米管性质之间的关系，为具体应用提供了有价值的见解。最后，讨论了主要挑战和未来方向，特别是在规模化、实时过程控制和环境可持续碳纳米管制造的背景下。

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引用次数: 0

Powder X-ray peak diffraction pattern of iron (II) tungstate (FeWO4): Crystallite size and strain analysis, and adsorption of methylene blue 钨酸铁（FeWO4）的粉末x射线峰衍射图：晶粒尺寸和应变分析，以及亚甲基蓝的吸附

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101574

Jamshed Nawaj Mohshin , S.M. Taukir Ahmed , Allah Rakha Aidid , Nafis Rahman Sayeem , Habiba Yasmin , Md. Ashraful Alam , Juliya Khanam , Sumon Ganguli , Ashok Kumar Chakraborty

The phase-pure nanocrystalline FeWO₄ ferberite structure was synthesized through hydrothermal method. The prepared FeWO₄ nanorod was characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis indicated the formation of monoclinic ferberite FeWO₄ nanocrystals with most intense peak (

\overset{̅}{1}

11) at 2θ = 30.703° having lattice parameters, a = 4.724 Å, b = 5.718 Å, c = 4.971 Å, angles α = 90.00°, β = 89.945°, γ = 90.00° and a unit cell volume of 134.281 Å³ . Different size and strain broadening method was utilized to know crystallite size. An average crystallite size of 22.20 nm was obtained from Debye-Scherrer equation. Rietveld refinement confirms 100 % monoclinic ferberite phase purity with 49.27 % crystallinity. The prepared FeWO₄ exhibited a lattice volume of 134.281 Å³ with a minor crystal strain of 0.04 %, indicating good structural stability. SEM image revealed uniform nanorod morphology with an average diameter of 33.29 nm. Reflectance spectra showed strong light absorption (82–88 %) over 300–850 nm and the Kubelka-Munk plot demonstrated a band gap of 2.27 eV. Despite a near-neutral zeta potential (−0.9 mV), a monodispersed colloidal system was observed. The synthesized FeWO₄ exhibited excellent removal efficiency, achieving 95.46 ± 0.41 % Methylene Blue(MB) adsorption in 60 min. The observations demonstrate that the synthesized ferberite FeWO₄ possesses optimized structural stability, optical, and surface properties that make it a strong candidate for environmental remediation and advanced materials applications.

采用水热法合成了相纯纳米FeWO4铁素体结构。采用Rietveld细化x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis漫反射光谱）、动态光散射（DLS）和扫描电镜（SEM）对制备的FeWO4纳米棒进行了表征。XRD分析表明，在2θ = 30.703°处形成了单斜晶状FeWO4纳米晶，最强峰为（1′′11），晶格参数为a = 4.724 Å， b = 5.718 Å， c = 4.971 Å，角α = 90.00°，β = 89.945°，γ = 90.00°，晶胞体积为134.281 Å³。采用不同尺寸和应变展宽法测定晶粒尺寸。由Debye-Scherrer方程得到的平均晶粒尺寸为22.20 nm。Rietveld细化证实单斜铁素体相纯度为100%，结晶度为49.27%。制备的FeWO4晶格体积为134.281 Å³，晶体应变较小，为0.04%，结构稳定性良好。扫描电镜图像显示纳米棒形貌均匀，平均直径为33.29 nm。在300 ~ 850 nm范围内，反射光谱显示出强烈的光吸收（82 ~ 88%），Kubelka-Munk图显示带隙为2.27 eV。尽管zeta电位接近中性（−0.9 mV），但观察到单分散的胶体体系。合成的FeWO4具有优异的去除效率，在60 min内对亚甲基蓝（MB）的吸附率为95.46±0.41%。观察结果表明，合成的铁素体FeWO4具有优化的结构稳定性、光学性能和表面性能，使其成为环境修复和先进材料应用的有力候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Stable squalene-boron cluster nanoemulsions in aqueous media 水介质中稳定的角鲨烯-硼簇纳米乳

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101572

Antonida V. Kalistratova , Anna Yu. Tomilina , Aleksey A. Nikitin , Aleksey S. Kubasov , Konstantin Yu. Zhizhin , Svetlana E. Gelperina , Nikolay T. Kuznetsov , Evgeniy N. Ofitserov

Boron cluster compounds (BₙHₙ²⁻) represent a unique class of inorganic polyhedral anions with distinctive physicochemical properties and bioactivity. Squalene (C₃₀H₅₀), a natural triterpenoid hydrocarbon, holds significant pharmaceutical potential due to its biological activity and ability to form nanostructures. While many hydrophobic compounds can form surfactant-free emulsions, squalene solubilization in water via low-molecular-weight compounds remains unreported. We demonstrate a novel surfactant-free approach where boron cluster anions (BₙHₙ²⁻) enable stable squalene nanoemulsions in water, forming monodisperse nanostructures (100–200 nm, PDI ≤ 0.2) that retain colloidal stability even in physiological buffers like PBS and in the presence of third components dissolved in squalene. The stabilization capacity is anion-dependent: [B₁₀H₁₀]²⁻ supports higher squalene loads (80 wt%) than [B₁₂H₁₂]²⁻ (60 wt%), correlating with their chaotropic properties and aqueous solubility. Crucially, squalane (saturated analog) fails to form stable emulsions, highlighting the essential role of squalene’s six double bonds in stabilization, perhaps through π-interactions and non-classical hydrogen bonding with boron clusters. This system provides a new potential platform for drug delivery nanocarriers while offering some facts to understand mechanism of the first surfactant-like molecules were formed and synthesized.

硼簇化合物（B H²）是一类独特的无机多面体阴离子，具有独特的物理化学性质和生物活性。角鲨烯（C₃₀H₅₀）是一种天然的三萜碳氢化合物，由于其生物活性和形成纳米结构的能力，具有重要的制药潜力。虽然许多疏水化合物可以形成无表面活性剂的乳液，但角鲨烯通过低分子量化合物在水中的增溶作用仍未见报道。我们展示了一种新的无表面活性剂的方法，在这种方法中，硼簇阴离子（B - H -²）能在水中形成稳定的角鲨烯纳米乳，形成单分散的纳米结构（100-200 nm, PDI≤0.2），即使在生理缓冲液（如PBS）和溶解在角鲨烯中的第三组分存在下，也能保持胶体稳定性。稳定能力与阴离子有关：[B₁₀H₁₀]²⁻支持比[B₁₂H₁₂]²更高的角鲨烯负荷（80 wt%），这与它们的朝变性和水溶性有关。关键是，角鲨烷（饱和类似物）不能形成稳定的乳剂，突出了角鲨烯的六个双键在稳定中的重要作用，可能是通过π相互作用和与硼团簇的非经典氢键。该体系为药物递送纳米载体提供了一个新的潜在平台，同时也为了解第一个表面活性剂样分子的形成和合成机理提供了一些事实。

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引用次数: 0

CaO-MgO nanocomposite thick films for dual-function environmental remediation: Enhanced gas sensing and photocatalytic dye degradation 用于双功能环境修复的CaO-MgO纳米复合厚膜：增强气敏和光催化染料降解

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101571

Charushila K. Nerkar , Bapu S. Jagdale , Rekha B. More , Geeta K. Chaudhari , Santosh S. Chobe

This work focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of bare MgO nanoparticles (NPs) and CaO-MgO nanocomposite (NCs) thick films. The materials were prepared using the sol-gel method, with the thick films subsequently applied to glass substrates via screen printing. Comprehensive structural and optical analyses were conducted using FE-SEM, EDX, HRTEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV-DRS. The study explores the dual functionality of these films, evaluating their performance in both gas sensing and photocatalytic dye degradation. In gas sensing, the films were tested under a static system against various oxidizing and reducing gases, including H₂S, NO₂, CO₂, NH₃, CH₄, and LPG. The CaO-MgO NCs films demonstrated superior CO₂ sensing performance, achieving a high sensitivity of 94.29 % at a significantly low operating temperature of 80 °C and a low concentration of 500 ppm. This represents a significant improvement over bare MgO films, which exhibited a maximum sensitivity of 73.96 % at 160 °C with 1000 ppm CO₂, underscoring the enhanced sensing capabilities of the NCs. Furthermore, the photocatalytic efficiency of MgO NPs and CaO-MgO NCs was investigated for the degradation of Crystal Violet (CV) dye under simulated sunlight conditions. The NPs and NCs achieved impressive dye degradation efficiencies of 96.54 % and 99.72 % in 70 and 50 min, respectively, with the reaction kinetics following a pseudo-first-order model. Both catalysts also demonstrated excellent reusability and stability, retaining over 90 % of their efficiency after five consecutive cycles. This study concludes that the synthesized MgO NPs and CaO-MgO NCs thick films are a promising, multifunctional material with high efficiency for both low-temperature CO₂ gas sensing and photocatalytic environmental remediation, making them highly suitable for various practical applications.

本文主要研究了裸MgO纳米颗粒（NPs）和CaO-MgO纳米复合材料（NCs）厚膜的合成、表征和应用。材料采用溶胶-凝胶法制备，厚膜随后通过丝网印刷应用于玻璃基板。采用FE-SEM、EDX、HRTEM、XRD、FTIR、UV-DRS等方法对样品进行了全面的结构和光学分析。该研究探索了这些薄膜的双重功能，评估了它们在气敏和光催化染料降解方面的性能。在气敏方面，薄膜在静态系统下测试了各种氧化性和还原性气体，包括H2S、NO2、CO2、NH3、CH4和LPG。CaO-MgO NCs薄膜表现出优异的CO2传感性能，在80°C的低工作温度和500 ppm的低浓度下，达到了94.29 %的高灵敏度。这与裸MgO薄膜相比有了显著的改进，裸MgO薄膜在160°C和1000 ppm CO2条件下的最大灵敏度为73.96 %，强调了NCs增强的传感能力。此外，还研究了MgO NPs和CaO-MgO NCs在模拟日光条件下降解结晶紫（CV）染料的光催化效率。NPs和NCs在70和50 min内分别达到96.54 %和99.72 %的染料降解效率，反应动力学遵循伪一阶模型。两种催化剂均表现出优异的可重复使用性和稳定性，在连续循环5次后，其效率仍保持在90% %以上。本研究认为合成的MgO NPs和CaO-MgO NCs厚膜是一种很有前途的多功能材料，具有低温CO2气体传感和光催化环境修复的高效率，非常适合于各种实际应用。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating nanotechnology and phytomedicine boon to cancer therapeutics: Nano-engineered phytomedicine in lung cancer 将纳米技术和植物医学整合到癌症治疗中：纳米工程植物医学在肺癌中的应用

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101564

Anam Nizam, Afifa Ansari, Humaira Farooqi

The primary cause of cancer-related mortality globally is still lung cancer, and existing treatment modalities, including radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted medications, are restricted in their effectiveness, toxicity, and high recurrence rates. Nanophytomedicine is a novel approach that combines nanotechnology and phytotherapy to enhance the pharmacological properties of bioactive compounds derived from plants. To differentiate this review from previous generalised cancer studies, it focuses exclusively on nano-engineered phytomedicines intended for the treatment of lung cancer. By enhancing the solubility, stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of phytoconstituents, nanocarriers enable traditional medicines to overcome significant constraints. The study identifies the molecular targets of specific phytochemicals within key lung cancer pathways, including immunological modulation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis regulation, and angiogenesis inhibition, and systematically maps these phytochemicals to their corresponding nanocarrier systems. It highlights the fundamental principles that support precision medicine techniques in this way. In this rapidly evolving field, the review also critically assesses recent developments, translational challenges, and clinical perspectives. It also identifies knowledge gaps and potential future paths, including maximising carrier design, guaranteeing scalable production, and easing regulatory approval. With its multidisciplinary perspective at the intersection of nanomaterial engineering, phytochemistry, and lung cancer biology, this work offers a forward-looking framework for the development of safe, efficient, and tailored lung cancer treatments.

全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因仍然是肺癌，现有的治疗方式，包括放疗、化疗和靶向药物，在其有效性、毒性和高复发率方面受到限制。纳米植物医学是一种将纳米技术与植物疗法相结合，增强植物活性化合物药理特性的新方法。为了区别于以往的泛化癌症研究，这篇综述专门关注用于治疗肺癌的纳米工程植物药物。通过提高植物成分的溶解度、稳定性、生物利用度和靶向递送，纳米载体使传统药物能够克服重大限制。该研究确定了肺癌关键通路中特定植物化学物质的分子靶点，包括免疫调节、细胞周期阻滞、细胞凋亡调节和血管生成抑制，并系统地将这些植物化学物质映射到相应的纳米载体系统中。它强调了以这种方式支持精准医疗技术的基本原则。在这一快速发展的领域，本综述还批判性地评估了最近的发展、转化挑战和临床前景。它还确定了知识差距和潜在的未来路径，包括最大化载体设计，保证可扩展的生产，以及简化监管审批。在纳米材料工程、植物化学和肺癌生物学交叉的多学科视角下，这项工作为开发安全、高效和量身定制的肺癌治疗提供了前瞻性框架。

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引用次数: 0

Tenofovir-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticles in thermosensitive vaginal gel: A novel strategy for HIV prophylaxis 热敏阴道凝胶中负载替诺福韦海藻酸壳聚糖纳米颗粒：一种预防HIV的新策略

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101570

Sonali Mahaparale , Vasanti Patil , Mohd Sayeed Shaikh , Paresh R. Mahaparale

The present study aims to develop a tenofovir-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (TFV-loaded AG-CS NPs) incorporated in a thermosensitive vaginal gel as a new HIV prevention strategy. Using the Box-Behnken design with five independent variables, optimized NPs were prepared using the ionic gelation technique. The optimized formulation (F14) with 0.3 % w/v sodium AG, 0.075 % w/v CS, and 0.075 % w/v CaCl₂, stirred at 1750 RPM for 45 min, produced NPs with a particle size of 50.41 nm and 90.4 % drug entrapment efficiency. These nanoparticles were mixed into a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 (20 % w/v) gel system, which had optimal physicochemical properties such as pH (4.1), gelation temperature (37.5°C), and temperature-dependent viscosity (2930 centipoise at 36°C). The formulation showed controlled drug release over 24 h using the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R² = 0.9927), suggesting diffusion-controlled drug release. This novel approach addresses key issues in vaginal drug delivery systems, such as mucus barriers and pH fluctuations, while also providing extended drug release for effective HIV prophylaxis. The TFV-loaded AG-CS NPs based thermosensitive gel holds promise as a user-friendly alternative to traditional prevention methods, with improved mucosal retention and drug bioavailability.

本研究旨在开发一种负载替诺福韦的海藻酸壳聚糖纳米颗粒（ttfv负载AG-CS NPs），并将其加入热敏阴道凝胶中，作为一种新的HIV预防策略。采用5个自变量的Box-Behnken设计，采用离子凝胶技术制备优化的NPs。以0.3 % w/v AG、0.075 % w/v CS、0.075 % w/v CaCl2为最佳配比（F14），以1750 RPM搅拌45 min，可制得粒径为50.41 nm、包封率为90.4 %的NPs。这些纳米颗粒被混合到热敏Pluronic F127（20 % w/v）凝胶体系中，该凝胶体系具有最佳的物理化学性质，如pH（4.1）、凝胶温度（37.5°C）和温度依赖粘度（36°C时2930 centipoise）。根据Korsmeyer-Peppas模型（R²= 0.9927），该制剂具有扩散控制释药，释药时间超过24 h。这种新方法解决了阴道给药系统中的关键问题，如粘液屏障和pH值波动，同时也为有效的HIV预防提供了延长的药物释放。基于ttfv负载AG-CS NPs的热敏凝胶有望成为传统预防方法的用户友好替代方案，具有改善的粘膜保留和药物生物利用度。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and DFT study of the conductive properties of PMMA composite material by doping with carbon nanotubes 碳纳米管掺杂PMMA复合材料导电性能的实验和DFT研究

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101568

Lusine Elbakyan , Irina Zaporotskova

The development of nanotechnology is currently one of the most promising and dynamically developing fields of science and technology. The advent of nanotechnology has rendered the fabrication of novel materials with distinctive properties, including elevated strength, minimal weight, enhanced corrosion resistance, and elevated heat resistance, a possibility. Moreover, these materials are extensively utilized in the development of more compact and powerful electronic devices, including transistors, sensors, and data storage devices. The application of nanotechnology has been demonstrated to enhance productivity whilst concomitantly reducing energy consumption. The increased utilization of nanotechnology has given rise to a growing imperative for scientific research. In the domain of nanotechnology, computer modeling occupies a pivotal position, proffering sophisticated instruments for the analysis and prediction of the behavior of nanoparticles. In this study, the well-known polymer polymethyl methacrylate and carbon nanotubes are selected as the main objects. A theoretical study has been conducted on the possibility of creating a stable Polymer-CNTs complex using the quantum chemical calculation method DFT. Single- and double-walled CNTs have been used in the study. The electron-energy structure of the obtained polymer nanocomposites has been analyzed. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion is made about the conductive properties of the resulting complex. Samples of composite materials have been obtained experimentally followed by a study of their electrically conductive properties. The results of theoretical modeling and practical research indicate that a polymer composite based on polymethylmethacrylate containing carbon nanotubes demonstrates properties that are characteristic of semiconductor materials.

纳米技术的发展是目前最有前途和最具活力的科学技术领域之一。纳米技术的出现使得制造具有独特性能的新型材料成为可能，包括提高强度、减轻重量、增强耐腐蚀性和提高耐热性。此外，这些材料被广泛用于开发更紧凑、更强大的电子设备，包括晶体管、传感器和数据存储设备。纳米技术的应用已被证明可以提高生产力，同时减少能源消耗。纳米技术应用的增加使得科学研究变得越来越迫切。在纳米技术领域，计算机建模占有举足轻重的地位，为分析和预测纳米颗粒的行为提供了复杂的工具。在本研究中，选择了众所周知的聚合物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和碳纳米管作为主要研究对象。利用量子化学计算方法DFT，对制备稳定的聚合物-碳纳米管络合物的可能性进行了理论研究。研究中使用了单壁和双壁碳纳米管。对所得聚合物纳米复合材料的电子能结构进行了分析。根据所获得的数据，得出了所得到的配合物的导电性能的结论。通过实验获得了复合材料的样品，并对其导电性能进行了研究。理论建模和实际研究结果表明，含碳纳米管的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合物复合材料具有半导体材料的特性。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication and characterization of nano-porous surfaces on silicon and mica 硅和云母纳米多孔表面的制备与表征

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101569

Michał Góra , Manfred Heuberger

Nano-porous surfaces are becoming increasingly more relevant due to their unique structural and functional properties. Depending on the scientific question to be addressed, both single nanopores and large-area nano-porous surfaces (i.e., above 100 µm × 100 µm) are particularly valuable model systems for studying fundamental physical effects, especially in contact with fluids. This study explores two fabrication approaches to generate defined nanopores on initially flat surfaces of silicon and mica substrates: one using focused ion beam (FIB) milling, and the other employing anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) as an etching mask for ion etching (RIE). Both methods yield nano-porous surfaces with inter-pore maximum roughness below 2 nm and diameters ranging from 40 nm up to hundreds of nanometers. Despite progress in understanding fluid behavior in nanopores, direct surface force measurements on such surfaces remain scarce. To address this, we performed atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements in air and water, revealing a locally enhanced van der Waals attraction around the pores, compared to the flat surfaces. This enhanced attraction is discussed in terms of contact mechanics and the distinct configuration of the electric double layer (EDL) around the orifice of such nanopores.

纳米多孔表面由于其独特的结构和功能特性而变得越来越重要。根据要解决的科学问题，单纳米孔和大面积纳米孔表面（即100 µm × 100 µm以上）都是研究基本物理效应，特别是与流体接触时特别有价值的模型系统。本研究探索了两种制造方法，在硅和云母衬底的初始平坦表面上产生确定的纳米孔：一种使用聚焦离子束（FIB）铣削，另一种使用阳极氧化铝（AAO）作为离子蚀刻（RIE）的蚀刻掩膜。两种方法都能得到孔径最大粗糙度小于2 nm，直径从40 nm到数百纳米的纳米孔表面。尽管在理解纳米孔中的流体行为方面取得了进展，但对这些表面的直接表面力测量仍然很少。为了解决这个问题，我们在空气和水中进行了原子力显微镜（AFM）测量，揭示了与平面相比，孔隙周围局部增强的范德华吸引力。从接触力学和这种纳米孔孔周围的双电层（EDL）的独特结构的角度讨论了这种增强的吸引力。

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引用次数: 0

Signature of light localization and temperature enhancement on core-shell-based plasmonic random laser 核壳基等离子体随机激光器的光局部化和温度增强特征

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101567

Mariam Kadhim Jawad , J.M. Jassim , S.F. Haddawi , S.M. Hamidi

This study investigates the random lasing characteristics of core-shell nano scatterers composed of Au@Cu and Cu@Au at different shell thicknesses (600, 1200, and 1800 pulses) in conjunction with Rhodamine 6 G (Rh6G) dye. The core-shell nanostructures were synthesized via laser ablation by precise control over the shell thickness and composition. The optical properties of these structures were analyzed under varying temperature conditions (30 °C, 35 À, 40 °C, and 45 °C) under a fixed pumping energy of 4.62 mJ to assess their impact on the random laser threshold, full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), and peak intensity. The experimental results demonstrate a strong correlation between the shell thickness and temperature-dependent lasing performance. Cu@Au nanoparticles with (1200 p) exhibit enhanced scattering efficiency and plasmonic coupling at room temperatures. The impact of temperature on random laser parameters is more pronounced in Au@Cu nanoparticles, with increasing copper shell thickness leading to enhanced lasing intensity and reduced FWHM. Specifically, at (1800 p), a transition from non-coherent to coherent random lasing was observed at elevated temperatures, indicating increased multiple scattering events. In contrast, Cu@Au nanoparticles exhibited improved thermal stability compared to Au@Cu nanoparticles, maintaining consistent lasing behavior across different temperatures, particularly at (1200 and 1800 p). These results highlight the potential of core-shell nanostructures for temperature-tunable random lasers, paving the way for applications in optoelectronics and temperature-responsive photonic devices.

本文研究了不同壳层厚度（600、1200和1800脉冲）下由Au@Cu和Cu@Au组成的核壳纳米散射体与罗丹明6 G （Rh6G）染料的随机激光特性。通过激光烧蚀技术，精确控制壳层厚度和组成，合成了核壳纳米结构。在固定泵浦能量为4.62 mJ的条件下，分析了不同温度条件（30°C、35 À、40°C和45°C）下这些结构的光学性质，以评估它们对随机激光阈值、半最大值全宽度（FWHM）和峰值强度的影响。实验结果表明，壳体厚度与温度相关的激光性能有很强的相关性。Cu@Au纳米粒子（1200p）在室温下表现出增强的散射效率和等离子体耦合。温度对随机激光参数的影响在Au@Cu纳米颗粒中更为明显，铜壳厚度的增加导致激光强度的增强和FWHM的降低。具体来说，在（1800 p）处，在高温下观察到从非相干到相干随机激光的转变，表明多重散射事件增加。相比之下，Cu@Au纳米颗粒比Au@Cu纳米颗粒表现出更好的热稳定性，在不同温度下保持一致的激光行为，特别是在（1200和1800 p）。这些结果突出了核壳纳米结构在温度可调随机激光器中的潜力，为光电子和温度响应光子器件的应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0