Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360594
Austin A. Nwokediuko
E-learning as a subject of educational development is one that has brought remarkable advancements to the global learning process. It proves to breakdown global knowledge margins and takes the concept of learning beyond the confines of time and space. Still, the language barrier hinders effective communication and knowledge dissemination especially in native/rural communities of Africa. English is the primary language used on e-learning platforms. Yet if knowledge cannot be seamlessly passed to or from the non-English speaking learning community, then a broader look needs to be given to the e-learning process if truly it must be globally beneficial. This paper considers the greater level of effectiveness which will be brought into the e-learning process if/when native non-English speaking communities take part in the e-learning experience in their native languages.
{"title":"Advancing e-learning in African native communities: The language factor","authors":"Austin A. Nwokediuko","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360594","url":null,"abstract":"E-learning as a subject of educational development is one that has brought remarkable advancements to the global learning process. It proves to breakdown global knowledge margins and takes the concept of learning beyond the confines of time and space. Still, the language barrier hinders effective communication and knowledge dissemination especially in native/rural communities of Africa. English is the primary language used on e-learning platforms. Yet if knowledge cannot be seamlessly passed to or from the non-English speaking learning community, then a broader look needs to be given to the e-learning process if truly it must be globally beneficial. This paper considers the greater level of effectiveness which will be brought into the e-learning process if/when native non-English speaking communities take part in the e-learning experience in their native languages.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115434347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360676
D. Amina, B. Tahar, H. Mohammed, M. Ben Ali Yamina
On the Web, electronic documents are usually presented to readers as a hypermedia. The characteristic of this traditional hypermedia lies in the fact that the same pages and same links are often presented to all users. But these users are different from each other according to their needs, their knowledge of the subject they treat, or other characteristics of their own, etc. Thus, they may not be interested in the same information and do not follow the same paths or links in their navigation. More disorientation and cognitive overload are the largest, is the aim of improving the adaptation this article we will present an approach for improving the adaptation. It is essentially based on a learner model and a domain model.
{"title":"Adaptation of the links in an educational hypermedia","authors":"D. Amina, B. Tahar, H. Mohammed, M. Ben Ali Yamina","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360676","url":null,"abstract":"On the Web, electronic documents are usually presented to readers as a hypermedia. The characteristic of this traditional hypermedia lies in the fact that the same pages and same links are often presented to all users. But these users are different from each other according to their needs, their knowledge of the subject they treat, or other characteristics of their own, etc. Thus, they may not be interested in the same information and do not follow the same paths or links in their navigation. More disorientation and cognitive overload are the largest, is the aim of improving the adaptation this article we will present an approach for improving the adaptation. It is essentially based on a learner model and a domain model.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121029600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360564
S. Javadi, B. Masoumi, M. R. Meybodi
Intelligent Tutorial Systems are educational software packages that occupy Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and methods to represent the knowledge, as well as to conduct the learning interaction. Tutorial-like systems simulates a Socratic model of learning for teaching uncertain course material by simulating the learning process for both Teacher and a School of Students. The Student is the center of attention in any Tutorial system. The proposed method in this paper improves the student's behavior model in a tutorial-Like system. In the proposed method, student model is determined by high level learning automata called Level Determinant Agent (LDA-LAQ), which attempts to characterize and improve the learning model of the students. LDA-LAQ actually use learning automata as a learning mechanism to show how the student is slow, normal or fast in the term of learning. This paper shows the new student how learning model increases speed accuracy using Pursuit learning automata and Reinforcement Learning.
{"title":"Improving student's modeling framework in a tutorial-like system based on Pursuit learning automata and reinforcement learning","authors":"S. Javadi, B. Masoumi, M. R. Meybodi","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360564","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent Tutorial Systems are educational software packages that occupy Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and methods to represent the knowledge, as well as to conduct the learning interaction. Tutorial-like systems simulates a Socratic model of learning for teaching uncertain course material by simulating the learning process for both Teacher and a School of Students. The Student is the center of attention in any Tutorial system. The proposed method in this paper improves the student's behavior model in a tutorial-Like system. In the proposed method, student model is determined by high level learning automata called Level Determinant Agent (LDA-LAQ), which attempts to characterize and improve the learning model of the students. LDA-LAQ actually use learning automata as a learning mechanism to show how the student is slow, normal or fast in the term of learning. This paper shows the new student how learning model increases speed accuracy using Pursuit learning automata and Reinforcement Learning.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127181605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360660
S. Dwidar, Dalia Saleh Farah
Educational programs and curriculums are looked upon as one of the most important components of the process of education. The curriculum is the formal mechanism through which intended educational aims are to be achieved. It is to be continually updated and developed to achieve quality assurance and to satisfy the needs of the society as well as job opportunities. Most of the new educational institutes in the Arab world; and in Saudi Arabia in particular as it is the core of this research, plan their teaching programs in ideas springing out of foreign educational institutes programs. It is worthwhile to design the teaching programs and to develop them by analyzing foreign programs and comparing them to local ones, then it is better to select and apply what copes with the local identity of the university and job opportunities in KSA where the students will graduate and look for jobs. This should go side by side with technological development. This has been considered during the process of developing the interior design new curriculum in Prince Sultan University (PSU). The process targeted realizing the requirements of the Ministry of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia; as well as the requirements of National Commission for Academic Accreditation & Assessment (NCAAA), and to meet the standards of the Council for Interior Design Accreditation (CIDA). Also, preserving the Saudi culture and heritage by highlighting and integrating it in the new curriculum, to demonstrate its uniqueness among other cultures. Parallel to this process, the department is gradually being transferred from College for Women to College of Engineering, which is under construction.
{"title":"Curriculum design and development for interior design: An applied study on interior design program at Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia","authors":"S. Dwidar, Dalia Saleh Farah","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360660","url":null,"abstract":"Educational programs and curriculums are looked upon as one of the most important components of the process of education. The curriculum is the formal mechanism through which intended educational aims are to be achieved. It is to be continually updated and developed to achieve quality assurance and to satisfy the needs of the society as well as job opportunities. Most of the new educational institutes in the Arab world; and in Saudi Arabia in particular as it is the core of this research, plan their teaching programs in ideas springing out of foreign educational institutes programs. It is worthwhile to design the teaching programs and to develop them by analyzing foreign programs and comparing them to local ones, then it is better to select and apply what copes with the local identity of the university and job opportunities in KSA where the students will graduate and look for jobs. This should go side by side with technological development. This has been considered during the process of developing the interior design new curriculum in Prince Sultan University (PSU). The process targeted realizing the requirements of the Ministry of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia; as well as the requirements of National Commission for Academic Accreditation & Assessment (NCAAA), and to meet the standards of the Council for Interior Design Accreditation (CIDA). Also, preserving the Saudi culture and heritage by highlighting and integrating it in the new curriculum, to demonstrate its uniqueness among other cultures. Parallel to this process, the department is gradually being transferred from College for Women to College of Engineering, which is under construction.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129616632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360571
J. B. Janier, A. Shafie, W. Ahmad
Most students learn from a traditional form of teaching called instructor-led approach where students are passive but with the advancement in technology and the popular use of computer, students can become more active. A survey conducted by teachers showed a topic in the application of integration was found to be the most difficult in Calculus. This topic in the application of integration was constructed in modular interactive courseware form using the Macromedia Toolbook. Using the developed courseware in the application of integration, the traditional form of teaching and assessing students was upgraded to a human computer interaction (HCI) where the computer was used as a tool to learn and evaluate topics. Learning the topics through the use of computers by the students impacted to human computer interaction (HCI) which can be described as a human and computer trying to communicate with each other using a restricted interface which can be suitable for big classes. The process of developing the courseware adapted the Hix and Hartzon model. To assist the engineering students in understanding the concepts in the application of integration, Van Hiele's Theory was used as a framework for learners to acquire knowledge. Fifty engineering students participated in the initial study and they were divided into two groups, A and B the experimental and the control respectively. The test re-test method was used to gather the necessary data and the results showed that the use of human computer interaction (HCI) as a learning management approach can reduce teacher's hours of face to face interaction with students, students were more independent in learning the topics, and the students' performance from the experimental group performed as well as the students in the control group.
{"title":"Human computer interaction: An approach to mathematics' class learning management","authors":"J. B. Janier, A. Shafie, W. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360571","url":null,"abstract":"Most students learn from a traditional form of teaching called instructor-led approach where students are passive but with the advancement in technology and the popular use of computer, students can become more active. A survey conducted by teachers showed a topic in the application of integration was found to be the most difficult in Calculus. This topic in the application of integration was constructed in modular interactive courseware form using the Macromedia Toolbook. Using the developed courseware in the application of integration, the traditional form of teaching and assessing students was upgraded to a human computer interaction (HCI) where the computer was used as a tool to learn and evaluate topics. Learning the topics through the use of computers by the students impacted to human computer interaction (HCI) which can be described as a human and computer trying to communicate with each other using a restricted interface which can be suitable for big classes. The process of developing the courseware adapted the Hix and Hartzon model. To assist the engineering students in understanding the concepts in the application of integration, Van Hiele's Theory was used as a framework for learners to acquire knowledge. Fifty engineering students participated in the initial study and they were divided into two groups, A and B the experimental and the control respectively. The test re-test method was used to gather the necessary data and the results showed that the use of human computer interaction (HCI) as a learning management approach can reduce teacher's hours of face to face interaction with students, students were more independent in learning the topics, and the students' performance from the experimental group performed as well as the students in the control group.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129156784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360615
A. S. Patil
This document is written to give the chronology of technological evolution at IIT Bombay in Distance Education activity. Various technologies used are described in brief. The next technology have emerged out of some need that was unfulfilled in the previous technology used. A glimpse of future technologies likely to be used in distance learning are mentioned. The impact of distance education on different stakeholders like the teacher, participants, Remote Centers, Education System are then elaborated. In conclusion, it is established that the distance Education shall have a positive impact on the education system.
{"title":"Emerging technologies in distance education and their impact on the stakeholders — A case study on evolution of distance education at IIT Bombay","authors":"A. S. Patil","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360615","url":null,"abstract":"This document is written to give the chronology of technological evolution at IIT Bombay in Distance Education activity. Various technologies used are described in brief. The next technology have emerged out of some need that was unfulfilled in the previous technology used. A glimpse of future technologies likely to be used in distance learning are mentioned. The impact of distance education on different stakeholders like the teacher, participants, Remote Centers, Education System are then elaborated. In conclusion, it is established that the distance Education shall have a positive impact on the education system.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124586521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360644
W. Al-Sharafat
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is used to identify unknown or new type of attacks especially in dynamic environments as business and mobile networks. For that importance, IDS has become one of targeted research area that focuses on information security. Among different techniques, Enhanced Steady State Genetic-Based Machine Learning Algorithm (ESSGBML) offers the ability to detect intrusions especially in changing environments. The objective of this paper is to incorporate several enhancements starting with feature selection and then applying Fuzzy Logic to enhance Genetic Algorithm (GA). Selection network features has a great importance to increase detection rate, which is itself a problem in Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Since elimination of the insignificant and/or useless features leads to a simplified problem and enhance detection rate. By combining different selected features that will be evaluated, where this will lead us to determine suitable combination features to attain best results. In ESSGBML, Zeroth Level Classifier System (ZCS) plays the role of detector by matching incoming environment message with classifiers to determine whether it is normal or intrusion. For GA, the probability of crossover will be enhanced by applying fuzzy logic. The experiments and evaluations for compound methods were performed on KDD 99 dataset to detect network intrusions.
{"title":"Significant enhancements in feature selection to improve detecting network intrusions","authors":"W. Al-Sharafat","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360644","url":null,"abstract":"Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is used to identify unknown or new type of attacks especially in dynamic environments as business and mobile networks. For that importance, IDS has become one of targeted research area that focuses on information security. Among different techniques, Enhanced Steady State Genetic-Based Machine Learning Algorithm (ESSGBML) offers the ability to detect intrusions especially in changing environments. The objective of this paper is to incorporate several enhancements starting with feature selection and then applying Fuzzy Logic to enhance Genetic Algorithm (GA). Selection network features has a great importance to increase detection rate, which is itself a problem in Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Since elimination of the insignificant and/or useless features leads to a simplified problem and enhance detection rate. By combining different selected features that will be evaluated, where this will lead us to determine suitable combination features to attain best results. In ESSGBML, Zeroth Level Classifier System (ZCS) plays the role of detector by matching incoming environment message with classifiers to determine whether it is normal or intrusion. For GA, the probability of crossover will be enhanced by applying fuzzy logic. The experiments and evaluations for compound methods were performed on KDD 99 dataset to detect network intrusions.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129427240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current system of education is not as interactive as it can be. It lacks participatory learning from the student point of view. The future of learning is visual and interactive. Keeping this aspect in mind, the primary goal of our research work “Learning Math Using Gesture” is to interface 3D animation software and gesture recognition hardware to create an interactive learning environment. Blender an Open Source 3D animation tool provides a way for modeling and animation aspects. Another important ingredient is Microsoft Kinect that provides a way for capturing real time gestures of users. In this paper we present a method for manipulating Blender models using Kinect. This Human-Computer Interaction method can be used to make various learning tools to make teaching more visual, animated and lively rather than mere reading from the book.
{"title":"Learning Math Using Gesture","authors":"Varun Thakkar, Adeet Shah, Mohini Thakkar, Abhijit Joshi, Neha Mendjoge","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360617","url":null,"abstract":"The current system of education is not as interactive as it can be. It lacks participatory learning from the student point of view. The future of learning is visual and interactive. Keeping this aspect in mind, the primary goal of our research work “Learning Math Using Gesture” is to interface 3D animation software and gesture recognition hardware to create an interactive learning environment. Blender an Open Source 3D animation tool provides a way for modeling and animation aspects. Another important ingredient is Microsoft Kinect that provides a way for capturing real time gestures of users. In this paper we present a method for manipulating Blender models using Kinect. This Human-Computer Interaction method can be used to make various learning tools to make teaching more visual, animated and lively rather than mere reading from the book.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121405139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360649
J. S. Mehra, S. Naik, P. Pawar, N. F. Dessai, V. Borges
The IMS Question & Test Interoperability specification describes a model for the representation of questions and tests data and their corresponding results reports. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of a module for developing comprehension type of questions and certainty questions for the (QTI) specification. We are also discussing about the idea of processing of essay type answers with certainty, aiming at providing a better, faster and accurate assessment of a Test.
{"title":"Innovative techniques for quizzes to evaluate responses for comprehension, certainty and open-ended type question using QTI","authors":"J. S. Mehra, S. Naik, P. Pawar, N. F. Dessai, V. Borges","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360649","url":null,"abstract":"The IMS Question & Test Interoperability specification describes a model for the representation of questions and tests data and their corresponding results reports. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of a module for developing comprehension type of questions and certainty questions for the (QTI) specification. We are also discussing about the idea of processing of essay type answers with certainty, aiming at providing a better, faster and accurate assessment of a Test.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115884727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360658
G. Reddy
This paper presents a MATLAB-based software tool for modeling and simulation of electric vehicles. It is a software package developed using MATLAB 7.8 2009. Each EV element is specified by a set of dynamic equations. The constants associated with each of these sets are the input data to the simulation system. The dynamic equations used are context-sensitively displayed. It is a feed-backward simulator that estimates the vehicle element by element requirements and performance hierarchically starting from the tire to the battery-package. One of the primary advantages of using MATLAB is its advanced charting features. The simulator provides dual-outputs in the form of tables and in the form of charts. Lamar Electric Vehicle I, built in 2007, is used as a hardware-platform to relate and verify the simulation results.
{"title":"A MATLAB-based tool for EV-design","authors":"G. Reddy","doi":"10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEELI.2012.6360658","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a MATLAB-based software tool for modeling and simulation of electric vehicles. It is a software package developed using MATLAB 7.8 2009. Each EV element is specified by a set of dynamic equations. The constants associated with each of these sets are the input data to the simulation system. The dynamic equations used are context-sensitively displayed. It is a feed-backward simulator that estimates the vehicle element by element requirements and performance hierarchically starting from the tire to the battery-package. One of the primary advantages of using MATLAB is its advanced charting features. The simulator provides dual-outputs in the form of tables and in the form of charts. Lamar Electric Vehicle I, built in 2007, is used as a hardware-platform to relate and verify the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":398065,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Education and e-Learning Innovations","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130440914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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