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Review of Recycling Plastic Waste into Briquettes 塑料废弃物资源化成型煤研究进展
Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2022.v11.i01.15812
Apridio Faiz An Nabil, Irsya Emilia Putri, D. Ariyanti, E. Saputro
The increasing demand for energy in transportation, industry, and domestic activities around the world is the starting point of the industrial revolution that has an impact on the emergence of environmental problems. The innovation of processing waste into alternative energy sources is an idea that has good potential in overcoming dependence on conventional energy sources. Processing plastic waste into alternative fuels in the form of plastic briquettes, including tertiary recycling. Converting plastic waste into alternative fuels can be done using several variations of methods and variations of adhesive materials. On carbonization only produces one type only. Plastic briquettes (PP) can produce a higher heating value of 9982.779±240.017 cal/gram and 3.90% ash content. From plastic briquettes (PET) 7024.56 cal/gram and 0.27% ash content but also produces a high ash content, this is because there are still impurities in it. Meanwhile, for the type of adhesive with the same composition as briquettes with starch adhesive, the heat value was 6328 kcal/kg, arpus 6366 kcal/kg. Although the calorific value is higher, the arpus adhesive usually tends to produce briquettes with black smoke, this is due to the composition of the arpus which is made from rubber tree sap.
世界各地的交通、工业和家庭活动对能源的需求日益增加,这是工业革命的起点,它对环境问题的出现产生了影响。将废物加工成替代能源的创新是克服对传统能源依赖的一个很有潜力的想法。将塑料废物加工成塑料压块形式的替代燃料,包括三级回收。将塑料废物转化为替代燃料可以使用几种不同的方法和不同的粘合剂材料。上碳化只生产一种。塑料型煤(PP)可产生较高的热值9982.779±240.017 cal/g,灰分含量为3.90%。从塑料型煤(PET) 7024.56卡/克和0.27%的灰分含量也产生很高的灰分含量,这是因为其中仍有杂质。与淀粉型煤组成相同的胶粘剂,热值分别为6328 kcal/kg、6366 kcal/kg。虽然热值较高,但arpus粘合剂通常倾向于产生带有黑烟的压块,这是由于arpus的成分是由橡胶树汁液制成的。
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引用次数: 0
The toxicity of Meistera chinensis rhizome fraction by shrimp larvae with the BSLT method 用BSLT法测定中国沼虾根茎部分对虾仔的毒性
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i02.15673
Reymon Reymon, Suhikma Sofyan, A. W. Yodha, Musdalipah Musdalipah
Meistera chinensis is a species that belong to the Zingiberacea family. In Southeast Sulawesi, a population of Meistera chinensis was found in the Abuki forest of Konawe Regency. Empirically, its consumed by the community as a cooking spice and body fitness. The results of previous research revealed that Meistera chinensis fruit is efficacious as an antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial and antifungal. Research on the rhizome has never been done. This study aims to determine the potential for toxicity and the LC50 value of Meistera chinensis rhizome using the BSLT method. The rhizomes were extracted with 96% ethanol and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Then fractionation was carried out with methanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. The concentration of the rhizome fraction was 7.81 ppm, 15.63 ppm, 32.25 ppm, 62.5 ppm, 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm. Positive control used of 1.4 mg potassium bichromate and negative control is DMSO. Toxicity was determined based on the mortality of shrimp larvae and calculated by determining the LC50 value. The results showed that the LC50 values ​​for the methanol, ethyl acetate and positive control fractions of Meistera chinensis rhizome were 252.88 mg/L, 57.17 mg/L, and 6.22 mg/L, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Meistera chinensis rhizome fraction has a toxic effect on shrimp larvae (≤1,000 mg/L).
中国梅斯特拉(Meistera chinensis)是姜科的一种。在苏拉威西岛东南部,在科纳威县的Abuki森林中发现了一个中国梅斯特拉种群。根据经验,它被社区消费作为烹饪香料和健身。以往的研究结果表明,中国梅斯特拉果具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗菌和抗真菌的功效。对根茎的研究从未进行过。本研究旨在利用BSLT法测定中国沼虾根茎的潜在毒性和LC50值。用96%乙醇提取,旋转蒸发器浓缩。然后以甲醇和乙酸乙酯为溶剂进行分馏。根茎馏分的浓度分别为7.81 ppm、15.63 ppm、32.25 ppm、62.5 ppm、125 ppm、250 ppm、500 ppm和1000 ppm。阳性对照用重铬酸钾1.4 mg,阴性对照用二甲基亚砜。毒性根据对虾幼虫的死亡率确定,通过LC50值计算。结果表明,甲醇、乙酸乙酯和阳性对照的LC50值分别为252.88 mg/L、57.17 mg/L和6.22 mg/L。综上所述,中国沼虾根茎部位对虾仔具有毒性作用(≤1000 mg/L)。
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引用次数: 4
Determination of peroxide by spectrophotometry in waste cooking oil using adsorbents from banana midrib and water hyacinth 用香蕉中脉和水葫芦吸附剂分光光度法测定废食用油中的过氧化物
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i02.15635
E. Yazid, A. Wafi, Siti Maryaningsih
Waste cooking oil is cooking oil that has been used to fry food ingredients repeatedly. Cooking oil heated at high temperatures will be damaged to produce peroxide compounds that accelerate the process of developing a rancid odor, reducing the quality of the oil and the nutritional value of fried foods. The research was conducted by the spectrophotometric method using a wavelength of 200-300 nm. Based on the results of the study, the addition of 0.5 g, 1.0 g, 1.5 g and 2.0 g of banana midrib adsorbents obtained peroxide concentrations of 0.031%, 0.033%, 0.034%, and 0.034% respectively. The addition of water hyacinth adsorbent successively obtained 0.035%; 0.038%, 0.039%, and 0.038%. The largest percentage decrease was found in the addition of banana midrib adsorbents, namely 38% and water hyacinth 30%. From the independent T-test statistical test, it was obtained that p<0.05 was significant, so it can be concluded that there was a decrease in peroxide concentration in the addition of banana midrib and water hyacinth adsorbents to waste cooking oil Keywords: Adsorbent, Waste cooking oil, Peroxide, Banana midrib, water hyacinth.
废食用油是用来反复炒食材的食用油。在高温下加热的食用油会被破坏,产生过氧化化合物,加速产生腐臭气味的过程,降低油的质量和油炸食品的营养价值。采用波长200 ~ 300 nm的分光光度法进行研究。根据研究结果,添加0.5 g、1.0 g、1.5 g和2.0 g香蕉中脉吸附剂时,过氧化氢浓度分别为0.031%、0.033%、0.034%和0.034%。水葫芦吸附剂的加入量依次为0.035%;0.038%、0.039%和0.038%。添加香蕉中脉吸附剂和水葫芦的吸附剂分别减少38%和30%,降幅最大。通过独立t检验统计检验,得到p<0.05有显著性,因此可以得出结论,在废食用油中添加香蕉中排和水葫芦吸附剂可以降低过氧化物浓度。关键词:吸附剂,废食用油,过氧化物,香蕉中排,水葫芦。
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引用次数: 0
Taxonomic status ot the earthworm species Metaphire saigonensis (Omodeo, 1956) (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) 蚯蚓的分类学地位(鞘翅目:大鞘翅科)
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i02.15542
Tung T. Nguyen, Dung Ngoc Thai, Y. T. Trang, Vy T Duong
The species M. saigonensis (Omodeo, 1956) was re-accessed based on a comparison between its original description and different variations of M. bahli and M. peguana. A total of 65 specimens of M. bahli and 69 specimens of M. peguana collected from various parts in southern Vietnam were used to examine. As a result, M. bahli has two different morphs (with and without concave male region). M. peguana has two subspecies, but rather stable in morphology. M. saigonensis is totally different from M. peguana in closer ventral distance between male pores, spermathecal pores, but it is very similar to the morph 2 of M. bahli. Therefore, it is concluded that M. saigonensis is a junior synonym of M. bahli.
在比较了其原始描述和M. bahli和M. peguana的不同变种的基础上,重新获取了M. saigonensis (Omodeo, 1956)。利用在越南南部不同地区采集的65份巴氏分枝杆菌和69份佩瓜纳分枝杆菌标本进行研究。因此,M. bahli有两种不同的变种(有和没有凹的雄性区域)。peguana有两个亚种,但在形态上相当稳定。在雄孔与精囊孔的腹侧距离较近这一点上,saigonensis与M. peguana完全不同,但其形态2与M. bahli非常相似。因此,saigonensis是M. bahli的初级同义种。
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引用次数: 0
Forecasting of stock prices on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) using backpropogation artificial neural network 利用反向传播人工神经网络预测印尼伊斯兰教股票指数(ISSI)的股价
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i02.15622
Dede Arseyani Pratamasyari
Forecasting is a method for estimating a value in the future by looking at data in the past. In this study, the author will discuss the results of forecasting the price of the Islamic stock index using a backpropogation artificial neural network. The results show that the forecasting value of the stock closing price at ISSI for the next 1 period April 2018 is an average of 192,6842. After getting the forecast value, then it is compared with the actual average data, which is 185.4748. the amount of error generated greatly affects the number of inputs and the selection of the right network architecture pattern.   Keywords: Prediction, Backpropogation, ISSI
预测是一种通过观察过去的数据来估计未来价值的方法。在本研究中,作者将讨论使用反向传播人工神经网络预测伊斯兰股票指数价格的结果。结果表明,ISSI对2018年4月下1期股票收盘价的预测值均值为192,6842。得到预测值后,与实际平均数据185.4748进行比较。产生的错误数量极大地影响了输入的数量和正确的网络体系结构模式的选择。关键词:预测,反向传播,ISSI
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of poverty factors in Sulawesi by using path analysis 用通径分析法分析苏拉威西岛贫困因素
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i02.15648
Fadjryani Fadjryani, Nur Sakinah Lombang
Poverty is a human inability to meet the needs of life. Factors that affect poverty can be seen from various indicators. In this study, the path analysis method was used to analyze the factors that directly and indirectly influence poverty in Sulawesi. The results showed that the number of poor people, the labor force participation rate, the human development index, and the average length of schooling had a direct effect on the poverty depth index. Then, the human development index, the average length of schooling, and the poverty depth index have a direct effect on the poverty level. Then, the human development index and the average length of schooling also indirectly affect the poverty level through the poverty depth index. Keywords: Path Analysis, Poverty Level
贫穷是人类无法满足生活需要的表现。影响贫困的因素可以从各种指标中看出。本研究采用通径分析法对苏拉威西岛贫困的直接和间接影响因素进行分析。结果表明,贫困人口数量、劳动力参与率、人类发展指数和平均受教育年限对贫困深度指数有直接影响。人类发展指数、平均受教育年限和贫困深度指数对贫困水平有直接影响。其次,人类发展指数和平均受教育年限也通过贫困深度指数间接影响贫困水平。关键词:路径分析;贫困程度
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引用次数: 0
Antibacterial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Sembung Rambat (Mikania micrantha Kunth) Leaves Against Bacillus subtilis 薇甘菊叶乙醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性研究
Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i1.15476
Alfredi Anis Fadhila G.S, W. Darwis, R. H. Wibowo, S. Sipriyadi, R. Supriati
Sembung rambat (Mikania micrantha Kunth.) is a weed whose presence is detrimental to agriculture because it can prevent agricultural plants from absorbing nutrients, water and light for photosynthesis. But behind that it turns out that sembung rambat has various benefits, one of which can be used as an antibacterial. The antibacterial ability of sembung rambat leaves has the potential to be used as a basis for making alternative antibiotics. This study was conducted to determine the value of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and antibacterial acitivity of leaves of sembung rambat (M. micrantha Kunth.) Which is most effective in inhibiting the growth of B. subtilis. The sampling method was done by purposive sampling, the extract was made by maceration with ethanol 96% ratio of 1:10. Test for antibacterial activity using the diffusion disc method. The antibacterial activity test results of 96% ethanol extract of sembung rambat leaves, inhibited the test of the value that was the most effective at inhibiting the growth of B. subtilis at 6 % with a diameter of 4.63 mm. From the results obtained, it can be seen that the leaves extract of sembung rambat has the potential to be used as an alternative plant-based antibiotic
薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha Kunth.)是一种杂草,它的存在对农业有害,因为它可以阻止农业植物吸收营养、水和光合作用所需的光。但事实证明,在这背后,sembung rambat有很多好处,其中之一可以用作抗菌。红枫叶的抗菌能力有可能作为制备替代抗生素的基础。本研究测定了薇甘菊叶片的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值及抑菌活性。哪一种对抑制枯草芽孢杆菌生长最有效。取样方法为目的取样,提取液以96%的乙醇浸渍,浸出比例为1:10。用扩散盘法测试抗菌活性。96%乙醇提取物对直径为4.63 mm的枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性试验结果表明,6%乙醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌效果最好。从所获得的结果可以看出,sembung rambat的叶子提取物具有作为替代植物性抗生素的潜力
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引用次数: 3
Analysis non-poisson systems cases of queuing passenger aircraft at Ahmad Yani Airport 亚尼机场客机排队非泊松系统案例分析
Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i1.15452
Dina Asti Prastiwi, Sugito, Puspita Kartikasari
Aircraft are effective transportation compared to land and sea transportation. This causes the growth of demand flow of movement, both passengers and aircraft each time period is always increasing. However, The issues that arise are the issues that arise. Meanwhile, the problems that occur are capacity building. Based on the description above, one example of a queue system that is often encountered in daily life is the transportation service system, for example the plane queue at Ahmad Yani International Airport. Based on observations made while boarding the plane, it is not according to the schedule, which is normal because of the arrival of the plane that is not on time. This causes the airport parking lot to be full or busy and can prevent the arrival of the aircraft. Related to the application of the queue method can overcome the difficulties in standing aircraft parking facilities at Ahmad Yani Airport in Semarang.The results analysis model data of passenger plane queue system at Ahmad Yani International Airport (G / G / 8) : (GD / ∞ / ∞). The non-poisson model of time distribution interval arrivals  the normal log and logistic distribution time, servers 8 th queue discipline use FIFO, unlimited service capacity, and unlimited transfer resources
与陆运和海运相比,飞机是一种有效的运输方式。这导致需求流量的增长,无论是乘客还是飞机,每个时间段都在不断增加。然而,出现的问题就是出现的问题。与此同时,出现的问题是能力建设。基于上面的描述,在日常生活中经常遇到的排队系统的一个例子是运输服务系统,例如Ahmad Yani国际机场的飞机排队。根据登机时的观察,没有按照时间表,这是正常的,因为飞机没有准时到达。这会导致机场停车场满员或繁忙,并可能阻止飞机到达。相关的应用排队法可以克服三宝垄阿末亚尼机场常设飞机停放设施的困难。结果分析亚尼国际机场客机排队系统模型数据(G / G / 8):(GD /∞/∞)。非泊松模型的时间分布区间为到达时间的正态对数和物流分布时间,服务器第八队列纪律采用先进先出,服务容量无限,资源无限转移
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引用次数: 0
Tidal and bathymetry characteristics after the 2018 earthquake and tsunami in Watusampu Waters, Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi 苏拉威西岛中部帕卢湾瓦图桑普水域2018年地震和海啸后的潮汐和测深特征
Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i1.15505
Sabhan Sabhan, Badaruddin, M. Kurniawan, M. Rusydi
The Watusampu Water Coast was one of the waters affected by the tsunami waves on September 28, 2018. The height of the tsunami waves reached 6.6 meters and submerged as far as 71.4 meters inland. This study aims to see the bathymetry and tidal characteristics of Watusampu waters after the 2018 tsunami. The results of bathymetry measurements are corrected with tidal data. The results of tide measurements are compared with the predicted results and then analyzed by T-tide to calculate the tidal constituents used in the calculation of the planned water level in Watusampu waters. The bathymetry depth in the Watusampu waters ranges from 66.5 meters. The slope of the coastal waters has increased from north to south. The type of tide in Watusampu waters is mixed tides with a double daily inclination. The dominant tidal constituents are M2 and S2, respectively, with an amplitude of 0.5336 m and 0.4025 m. The tide wave height at the neap tide and spring tide is 0.2622 and 1.8722 m, respectively.
2018年9月28日,Watusampu水岸是受海啸影响的水域之一。海啸波的高度达到6.6米,淹没了71.4米的内陆。本研究旨在了解2018年海啸后Watusampu水域的水深和潮汐特征。用潮汐资料校正了水深测量结果。将潮汐测量结果与预测结果进行比较,然后利用T-tide进行分析,计算出瓦图桑普水域规划水位的潮汐成分。Watusampu水域的水深为66.5米。沿海水域的坡度从北向南增加了。Watusampu水域的潮汐类型是混合潮汐,具有双重的日倾角。主要的潮汐成分分别为M2和S2,振幅为0.5336 m和0.4025 m。小潮和大潮的潮波高度分别为0.2622和1.8722 m。
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引用次数: 0
SAR Modelling life expectancy in Sulawesi Island by using spatial autoregressive (SAR) 利用空间自回归(SAR)模拟苏拉威西岛居民预期寿命
Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.22487/25411969.2021.v10.i1.15459
Rika Pratiwi, Nur’eni Nur’eni, I. Setiawan
Life expectancy, LE, is the average estimate of the many years a person takes during life.  LE in one region is different from other regions depending on the quality of life that can be achieved by its inhabitants. This research uses the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) method.  SAR model is a linear regression model where the response variable has a spatial correlation. The information of the SAR model due to the dependence of the value of observation in an area with other regions that are interconnected. The results were obtained from the value of the goodness of the model based on the smallest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) SAR value is 328.24. The influencing factors that life expectancy are mean years of schooling (X_1), poor people (X_2), and labour force participation rate (X_5) which is obtained from the < 0.05 probability value
预期寿命(LE)是一个人一生中所花费的年数的平均估计值。一个地区的生活质量不同于其他地区,这取决于其居民可以实现的生活质量。本研究采用空间自回归(SAR)方法。SAR模型是响应变量具有空间相关性的线性回归模型。SAR模型的信息,由于一个区域的观测值与其他相互关联的区域的依赖关系。基于最小赤池信息准则(AIC) SAR值的模型优度值为328.24。影响预期寿命的因素为平均受教育年限(X_1)、贫困人口(X_2)和劳动力参与率(X_5),由< 0.05的概率值得出
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引用次数: 0
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Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology
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