Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_50465
Lídia Luisa Mota De Pontes, José Ricardo De Almeida França, Lino Augusto Sander De Carvalho
This work is a case study for the Hydrographic Region of the Médio Paraíba do Sul located in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), which has natural disasters, such as floods, as the most recurrent. Due to the social, economic and environmental impacts that these disasters cause, this research aim to analyze the history of alerts issued by the Flood Warning System (FWS) and to assess its efficiency. Through the retro-analysis of Alert Trigger Events (ATE) that occurred in the monitored rivers, investigations were also carried out in the hydrological and meteorological scope. The results identified that the Attention stage belonging to the operational protocol significantly reduces the efficiency of the FWS about sending alerts, causing high false alarm rate. Regarding the influence that variation in the type of data transmission has on the Operational Protocol in RH-III, it is considered that the time interval between data transmission and their availability on the State Environmental Institute (SEI) erver generates a false alarm, however the FWS is still efficient. Barra Mansa River is the only one that has flood events, which raises questions about the representativeness of the other stations spread across RH-III. In addition, 60% of alerts issued for RH-III were related to episodes of Cold Fronts and South Atlantic Convergence Zones. These information helps improve the description of the flood events in the region. Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) identified periods that the rainfall rate was below the climatological average, indicating a drier environment, but with alerts issued.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Rio de Janeiro State Flood Warning System: A Case Study for the Hydrographic Region of the Médio Paraíba do Sul (RJ), Brazil","authors":"Lídia Luisa Mota De Pontes, José Ricardo De Almeida França, Lino Augusto Sander De Carvalho","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_50465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_50465","url":null,"abstract":"This work is a case study for the Hydrographic Region of the Médio Paraíba do Sul located in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), which has natural disasters, such as floods, as the most recurrent. Due to the social, economic and environmental impacts that these disasters cause, this research aim to analyze the history of alerts issued by the Flood Warning System (FWS) and to assess its efficiency. Through the retro-analysis of Alert Trigger Events (ATE) that occurred in the monitored rivers, investigations were also carried out in the hydrological and meteorological scope. The results identified that the Attention stage belonging to the operational protocol significantly reduces the efficiency of the FWS about sending alerts, causing high false alarm rate. Regarding the influence that variation in the type of data transmission has on the Operational Protocol in RH-III, it is considered that the time interval between data transmission and their availability on the State Environmental Institute (SEI) erver generates a false alarm, however the FWS is still efficient. Barra Mansa River is the only one that has flood events, which raises questions about the representativeness of the other stations spread across RH-III. In addition, 60% of alerts issued for RH-III were related to episodes of Cold Fronts and South Atlantic Convergence Zones. These information helps improve the description of the flood events in the region. Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) identified periods that the rainfall rate was below the climatological average, indicating a drier environment, but with alerts issued.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135237525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49879
Ricardo De Faria Nicolau, K. M. S. Faria, R. Momoli, M. P. Chagas
Water erosion is a worldwide problem that has been depleting soils mainly in tropical regions, due to the greater volume of precipitated water. In this sense, recent prediction methods in tropical regions such as dendrogeomorphology are necessary and important to identify and date the influence and correlation between erosion processes and vegetation. This study aimed to understand and scale the erosive processes, through the annual historical recognition of the rate of soil loss and sedimentation, applying the concepts of dendrogeomorphology in the evaluation of the stem and roots of trees of the species of Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Schefflera morototoni, in a conservation unit in the Brazilian Cerrado. Trees were selected in the following soil level conditions: (i) having root exposure, (ii) no exposure (buried), and (iii) no change in soil level (control). Cross-dating was performed using the COFECHA software program, and the information applied in dating scars and abnormal radial growth periods were observed in exposed roots and associated with the beginning of erosion processes. The results indicated that the occurrence of the erosive processes ascertained by anatomical changes in the exposed roots and a most common erosive rains date from 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2017. While changes in the trunk growth ring width start from 1992, with similar years between the two species of 2013 and 2017. The highest soil accumulation rates were 18.6 mm/year, vertical losses were 500 mm per year and horizontal losses were 665 mm. Finally, there is a positive correlation between the number of scars and an abrupt increase in the growth rings of the exposed roots with the number of erosive rains.
{"title":"Dendrogeomorphology in Evaluating Erosive Processes in an Urban Conservation Unit","authors":"Ricardo De Faria Nicolau, K. M. S. Faria, R. Momoli, M. P. Chagas","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49879","url":null,"abstract":"Water erosion is a worldwide problem that has been depleting soils mainly in tropical regions, due to the greater volume of precipitated water. In this sense, recent prediction methods in tropical regions such as dendrogeomorphology are necessary and important to identify and date the influence and correlation between erosion processes and vegetation. This study aimed to understand and scale the erosive processes, through the annual historical recognition of the rate of soil loss and sedimentation, applying the concepts of dendrogeomorphology in the evaluation of the stem and roots of trees of the species of Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Schefflera morototoni, in a conservation unit in the Brazilian Cerrado. Trees were selected in the following soil level conditions: (i) having root exposure, (ii) no exposure (buried), and (iii) no change in soil level (control). Cross-dating was performed using the COFECHA software program, and the information applied in dating scars and abnormal radial growth periods were observed in exposed roots and associated with the beginning of erosion processes. The results indicated that the occurrence of the erosive processes ascertained by anatomical changes in the exposed roots and a most common erosive rains date from 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2017. While changes in the trunk growth ring width start from 1992, with similar years between the two species of 2013 and 2017. The highest soil accumulation rates were 18.6 mm/year, vertical losses were 500 mm per year and horizontal losses were 665 mm. Finally, there is a positive correlation between the number of scars and an abrupt increase in the growth rings of the exposed roots with the number of erosive rains.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48446439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_48173
M. W. Sujarwo, I. Indarto, M. Mandala
Brantas watershed has approximately 14,103 km2 and play an essential role in supplying water for about 30% of the East Java population. Management of water resources in this watershed has become a challenging issue. Conformity of modeling processes and result to mimic the existing hydrological processes is still in question. This study aims to analyze the sensitive parameters of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model on the watershed. Hydrological processes are observed both monthly and annually. Sensitivity analysis using the SWAT-CUP tool show 18 sensitive parameters. 9 parameters have more than a 50% sensitivity level. 4 are correlated to the soil layer’s runoff generation and water movement. Then, 8 parameters correlated to baseflow calculation. Simulation results illustrate the strong effect of climate change (especially rainfall) on water yield and sedimentation.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of SWAT Model in a Tropical Watershed, East Java","authors":"M. W. Sujarwo, I. Indarto, M. Mandala","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_48173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_48173","url":null,"abstract":"Brantas watershed has approximately 14,103 km2 and play an essential role in supplying water for about 30% of the East Java population. Management of water resources in this watershed has become a challenging issue. Conformity of modeling processes and result to mimic the existing hydrological processes is still in question. This study aims to analyze the sensitive parameters of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model on the watershed. Hydrological processes are observed both monthly and annually. Sensitivity analysis using the SWAT-CUP tool show 18 sensitive parameters. 9 parameters have more than a 50% sensitivity level. 4 are correlated to the soil layer’s runoff generation and water movement. Then, 8 parameters correlated to baseflow calculation. Simulation results illustrate the strong effect of climate change (especially rainfall) on water yield and sedimentation.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44622386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53630
M. L. Rua, G. S. T. Fernandes, A. Dos Santos, Mateus Augusto De Carvalho Santana, Marcos Vinicius Santos Pantoja, Keila Beatriz Silva Teixeira
The objective of this study was to analyze the seasonal behavior of vegetation cover and its response to the variation of meteorological elements in the microregion of Tomé-Açu, Eastern Amazon. The study area refers to the microregion of Tomé-Açu, Pará. MODIS sensor images were processed and analyzed on Google Earth Engine and QGIS 3.18.1 software to apply the NDVI, EVI and LAI vegetation indices. Results showed that the vegetation cover of the Microregion of Tomé-Açu has well-defined seasonality, with evident variation in vegetation indices throughout the year. The three indexes showed higher values in the dry season period and lower values in the rainy period of the year. Seasonality of vegetation cover showed a positive correlation with rainfall in the region, with higher values associated with rainfall occurring between 4 and 5 months prior to the observation.
{"title":"Meteorological Influence on Space-time Distribution of Tomé-Açu (Eastern Amazon) Vegetation Cover using MODIS Products","authors":"M. L. Rua, G. S. T. Fernandes, A. Dos Santos, Mateus Augusto De Carvalho Santana, Marcos Vinicius Santos Pantoja, Keila Beatriz Silva Teixeira","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53630","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to analyze the seasonal behavior of vegetation cover and its response to the variation of meteorological elements in the microregion of Tomé-Açu, Eastern Amazon. The study area refers to the microregion of Tomé-Açu, Pará. MODIS sensor images were processed and analyzed on Google Earth Engine and QGIS 3.18.1 software to apply the NDVI, EVI and LAI vegetation indices. Results showed that the vegetation cover of the Microregion of Tomé-Açu has well-defined seasonality, with evident variation in vegetation indices throughout the year. The three indexes showed higher values in the dry season period and lower values in the rainy period of the year. Seasonality of vegetation cover showed a positive correlation with rainfall in the region, with higher values associated with rainfall occurring between 4 and 5 months prior to the observation.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41660439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52684
Jose Nelson Do Nascimento Neto, Elenilton Bezerra Uchoa
This work investigated the process of land use and land cover in the municipality of Itarema. It is located in the geographic coordinates of Latitude (S) 2º 55’ 13” and Longitude (W) 39º 54’ 54” in the northern region of the state of Ceará, with an area of 720.7 km² in the semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in land use and land cover in the municipality of Itarema for the period from 2000 to 2020, from Landsat 5 and 8 series orbital remote sensing data to evaluate the evolutionary behavior of the landscape. The methodology used was the literary review in (Leite Rosa 2012) and IBGE Land Use Technician Manual (2013). Technical procedures related to orbital images from the Landsat 5 and 8 series recorded respectively 2000 and 2020 were applied. Imaging treatment was performed with preprocessing and spectral bands, B5 - Medium infrared, B4 - Near infrared and B2 - Green was processed for Landsat 5 and B6 - SWIR-1, B5 - Near infrared and B4 - Red for Landsat 8 in ENVI 4.3. The classification supervised in the Semi-Automatic Plug-in was performed by the MAX-VER method and seven types of use were considered. The results point to a significant change in the typology of dense vegetation from 52.84% in 2000 to a reduction of 25.71% in 2020, followed by the increase in degraded areas from 7.47% in 2000 to 16.03% in 2020. Final considerations, we highlight the importance of remote sensing in observations of landscape evolution and in the interpretation of the typology of use. We identified significant changes in the classes of degraded areas and dense vegetation, both associated supported by the change in the PIB profile of the municipality.
{"title":"Analysis Land Use and Land Cover of the Municipality of Itarema-Ceará- Brazil based on Landsat Multispectral Data","authors":"Jose Nelson Do Nascimento Neto, Elenilton Bezerra Uchoa","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52684","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigated the process of land use and land cover in the municipality of Itarema. It is located in the geographic coordinates of Latitude (S) 2º 55’ 13” and Longitude (W) 39º 54’ 54” in the northern region of the state of Ceará, with an area of 720.7 km² in the semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in land use and land cover in the municipality of Itarema for the period from 2000 to 2020, from Landsat 5 and 8 series orbital remote sensing data to evaluate the evolutionary behavior of the landscape. The methodology used was the literary review in (Leite Rosa 2012) and IBGE Land Use Technician Manual (2013). Technical procedures related to orbital images from the Landsat 5 and 8 series recorded respectively 2000 and 2020 were applied. Imaging treatment was performed with preprocessing and spectral bands, B5 - Medium infrared, B4 - Near infrared and B2 - Green was processed for Landsat 5 and B6 - SWIR-1, B5 - Near infrared and B4 - Red for Landsat 8 in ENVI 4.3. The classification supervised in the Semi-Automatic Plug-in was performed by the MAX-VER method and seven types of use were considered. The results point to a significant change in the typology of dense vegetation from 52.84% in 2000 to a reduction of 25.71% in 2020, followed by the increase in degraded areas from 7.47% in 2000 to 16.03% in 2020. Final considerations, we highlight the importance of remote sensing in observations of landscape evolution and in the interpretation of the typology of use. We identified significant changes in the classes of degraded areas and dense vegetation, both associated supported by the change in the PIB profile of the municipality.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135622481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49327
B. N. Vasconcelos, J. V. M. Bravo, J. Cunha, E. I. Fernandes-Filho
Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) of large areas is a time-consuming and expensive process, where soil scientists take as many as possible observations to predict soil classes and their attributes. Sometimes, the DSM is made in geographic regions with no updated geographic information, leading the soil scientist to depend on Legacy Soil Data (LSD). However, LSD is not always available at an adequate scale or resolution, forcing soil scientists to find creative solutions. Here we present a method for mapping soil frontiers with no updated reference data. We demonstrate that by combining different LSD sources with adequate predictive environmental covariables, the results could be consistent enough for mapping the soil frontiers of a large geographic region without updated reference data. For doing that, we have adopted the full geographic extension of Minas Gerais state – Brazil – as a study area. Within its extension, Minas Gerais has heterogeneity in soil classes and soil formation processes, phenomena triggered by such a divergent universe of environmental variables. Minas Gerais has no updated soil maps, making it a relevant study case for this research. Thus, we conclude that the Digital Soil Mapping process could be enriched by using different sources of Legacy Soil Data, even when there is no updated reference data.
{"title":"Mapping the Soil Frontiers with Legacy Soil Data: An Approach for Covering the Lack of Updated Reference Maps of Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"B. N. Vasconcelos, J. V. M. Bravo, J. Cunha, E. I. Fernandes-Filho","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_49327","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) of large areas is a time-consuming and expensive process, where soil scientists take as many as possible observations to predict soil classes and their attributes. Sometimes, the DSM is made in geographic regions with no updated geographic information, leading the soil scientist to depend on Legacy Soil Data (LSD). However, LSD is not always available at an adequate scale or resolution, forcing soil scientists to find creative solutions. Here we present a method for mapping soil frontiers with no updated reference data. We demonstrate that by combining different LSD sources with adequate predictive environmental covariables, the results could be consistent enough for mapping the soil frontiers of a large geographic region without updated reference data. For doing that, we have adopted the full geographic extension of Minas Gerais state – Brazil – as a study area. Within its extension, Minas Gerais has heterogeneity in soil classes and soil formation processes, phenomena triggered by such a divergent universe of environmental variables. Minas Gerais has no updated soil maps, making it a relevant study case for this research. Thus, we conclude that the Digital Soil Mapping process could be enriched by using different sources of Legacy Soil Data, even when there is no updated reference data.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42931475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_54245
E. Elias, Samoel Giehl, F. Amorim, M. Schmidt, S. Camboim, V. O. Fernandes
This paper presents the development of a QGIS plugin to support evaluating the planimetric positional quality for point and linear features based on the metrics established by Brazilian legislation. For this purpose, we used the QGIS environment Graphical Modeler, which consists of an interface to concatenate a series of processes into a single algorithm. The set of tools, called QPEC, allows for performing the statistical tests from the automatic identification of the sample size and discrepancies. In order to demonstrate the implemented functionalities, a case study was carried out. In this illustrative example, the vector files from the Cartographic and Cadastral System of the Municipality of Salvador - BA (SICAD) were the reference data, and their homologous OpenStreetMap (OSM) features were the analysed database. The results obtained are presented in the attributes table. In addition, the spatial distribution of the discrepancies is visualised through the visual variable colour value in a quartile classification. The creation of this toolset corroborates the feasibility of developing more visual, automated and complete interfaces to support users of geospatial data in analysing the quality of the information available, especially when it involves free applications with open-source code.
{"title":"QPEC: QGIS Toolkit for Evaluating Geospatial Data Positional Accuracy according to the Brazilian Cartographic Accuracy Standard","authors":"E. Elias, Samoel Giehl, F. Amorim, M. Schmidt, S. Camboim, V. O. Fernandes","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_54245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_54245","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a QGIS plugin to support evaluating the planimetric positional quality for point and linear features based on the metrics established by Brazilian legislation. For this purpose, we used the QGIS environment Graphical Modeler, which consists of an interface to concatenate a series of processes into a single algorithm. The set of tools, called QPEC, allows for performing the statistical tests from the automatic identification of the sample size and discrepancies. In order to demonstrate the implemented functionalities, a case study was carried out. In this illustrative example, the vector files from the Cartographic and Cadastral System of the Municipality of Salvador - BA (SICAD) were the reference data, and their homologous OpenStreetMap (OSM) features were the analysed database. The results obtained are presented in the attributes table. In addition, the spatial distribution of the discrepancies is visualised through the visual variable colour value in a quartile classification. The creation of this toolset corroborates the feasibility of developing more visual, automated and complete interfaces to support users of geospatial data in analysing the quality of the information available, especially when it involves free applications with open-source code.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45846667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53748
Isadora Vitali Lobo, Olavo Tozete Tercini, José Augusto Di Lollo, C. G. R. Lima
Chemical substances can be harmful to humans when present in water at concentrations above the limits permitted by legislation. The present study analyzes the spatial-temporal variability of barium, chromium, nitrate and vanadium concentrations in groundwaters of the Bauru Aquifer System (BAS). For this purpose, triennial water-quality monitoring data (2016-2018) were acquired from CETESB (São Paulo Environmental Company). Descriptive statistical methods and geostatistical techniques (kriging) were applied. Results attest the spatial dependence of the water-quality parameters along time. Variograms indicate spatial determination coefficients (R²) between 0.435 and 0.961. The municipality of Presidente Prudente has the worst scenario, with estimates chromium and vanadium above the Maximum Allowed Values (MAV). The fact that most of licensed wells exploit water for urban supply makes the results worrying and shows up that public agencies must take some actions to decrease these concentrations.
{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Variability of Groundwater Quality Parameters in the Bauru Aquifer System (São Paulo State, Brazil)","authors":"Isadora Vitali Lobo, Olavo Tozete Tercini, José Augusto Di Lollo, C. G. R. Lima","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53748","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical substances can be harmful to humans when present in water at concentrations above the limits permitted by legislation. The present study analyzes the spatial-temporal variability of barium, chromium, nitrate and vanadium concentrations in groundwaters of the Bauru Aquifer System (BAS). For this purpose, triennial water-quality monitoring data (2016-2018) were acquired from CETESB (São Paulo Environmental Company). Descriptive statistical methods and geostatistical techniques (kriging) were applied. Results attest the spatial dependence of the water-quality parameters along time. Variograms indicate spatial determination coefficients (R²) between 0.435 and 0.961. The municipality of Presidente Prudente has the worst scenario, with estimates chromium and vanadium above the Maximum Allowed Values (MAV). The fact that most of licensed wells exploit water for urban supply makes the results worrying and shows up that public agencies must take some actions to decrease these concentrations.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49091251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52487
Ernesto Adler Licursi, L. Bertolino, Francisco J. da Silva
Halloysite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4.2H2O) is a polymorphic kaolinite mineral whose predominant morphology is tubular. Due to this characteristic, halloysite is widely used in industrial applications, such as manufacture of silica- luminous catalysts, used for industrial chemical reactions; French porcelain; and the cracking of petroleum fractions into gasoline. Halloysite also has potential as a nanomaterial, particularly as an ingredient in polymer nanocomposites and as active agent for medical, agricultural, and other uses. This clay mineral occurs in a wide variety of geological environments as a product of alteration of rocks rich in sodium and potassium feldspars, such as intrusive acid rocks, granites, anorthosites, and pegmatites. This article characterizes halloysite and describes the treating process of kaolin- halloysite samples from four pegmatites, located in Porciúncula (Rio de Janeiro State) and Patrocínio do Muriaé (Minas Gerais State). The samples of the studied pegmatites were treated for mineralogical characterization and analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. Density, granulometry, and visual appearance of the grains were also analyzed. The samples were found to be composed of kaolinite/halloysite, feldspar, quartz, biotite, goethite and muscovite. Using X-ray diffractometry, gibbsite were also identified in one sample. With the results presented here, the two regions can be possible targets for researching halloysite deposits in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.
高岭石(Al2Si2O5(OH)4.2H2O)是一种多晶高岭石矿物，其主要形态为管状。由于这一特性，高岭土被广泛用于工业应用，如制造用于工业化学反应的二氧化硅发光催化剂;法国瓷;以及石油馏分裂解成汽油。高岭土还具有作为纳米材料的潜力，特别是作为聚合物纳米复合材料的成分以及作为医疗、农业和其他用途的活性剂。这种粘土矿物作为富含钠和钾长石的岩石的蚀变产物存在于各种地质环境中，如侵入酸性岩石、花岗岩、斜长岩和伟晶岩。本文描述了高岭土的特征，并描述了高岭土-高岭土样品的处理过程，这些高岭土样品来自位于Porciúncula(巴西里约热内卢州)和Patrocínio do muria(米纳斯吉拉斯州)的四个伟晶岩。对所研究的伟晶岩样品进行了矿物学表征，并用x射线衍射仪和扫描电镜进行了分析。还分析了颗粒的密度、粒度和视觉外观。样品由高岭石/高岭石、长石、石英、黑云母、针铁矿和白云母组成。利用x射线衍射法，在一个样品中也鉴定出三水铝石。根据这里提出的结果，这两个地区可以成为研究巴西里约热内卢州和米纳斯吉拉斯州高岭土矿床的可能目标。
{"title":"Mineralogical Characterization of Pegmatites with Occurrences of Halloysite in the Regions of Porciúncula (RJ) and Patrocínio do Muriaé (MG), Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Ernesto Adler Licursi, L. Bertolino, Francisco J. da Silva","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_52487","url":null,"abstract":"Halloysite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4.2H2O) is a polymorphic kaolinite mineral whose predominant morphology is tubular. Due to this characteristic, halloysite is widely used in industrial applications, such as manufacture of silica- luminous catalysts, used for industrial chemical reactions; French porcelain; and the cracking of petroleum fractions into gasoline. Halloysite also has potential as a nanomaterial, particularly as an ingredient in polymer nanocomposites and as active agent for medical, agricultural, and other uses. This clay mineral occurs in a wide variety of geological environments as a product of alteration of rocks rich in sodium and potassium feldspars, such as intrusive acid rocks, granites, anorthosites, and pegmatites. This article characterizes halloysite and describes the treating process of kaolin- halloysite samples from four pegmatites, located in Porciúncula (Rio de Janeiro State) and Patrocínio do Muriaé (Minas Gerais State). The samples of the studied pegmatites were treated for mineralogical characterization and analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. Density, granulometry, and visual appearance of the grains were also analyzed. The samples were found to be composed of kaolinite/halloysite, feldspar, quartz, biotite, goethite and muscovite. Using X-ray diffractometry, gibbsite were also identified in one sample. With the results presented here, the two regions can be possible targets for researching halloysite deposits in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45189714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53598
Samir De Souza Oliveira Alves, Felipe Andrés Carvajal Rodríguez, Lívia Faria Sampaio, Leandro Ítalo Barbosa De Medeiros, Dayane Wiggers, L. Veiga, I. Klein
Laser scanning is a survey method that enables the obtaining of several data points on surfaces through the observation of horizontal and vertical angles and electronic distance measurements. The result of these observations is a set of 3D points named point clouds, which can be obtained from scans using total stations or the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Currently, the use of TLS in geodetic structural deformation monitoring activities is under evaluation, since this technique can provide a greater number of points in a shorter period, when compared to scans performed by total stations. In this research, the feasibility of using control planes for geodetic monitoring was investigated in a controlled laboratory environment, exploring the current trend of parameterization of point clouds. From the development of an Experimental Plane Control (EPC) containing a flat surface that could be inclined in a controlled way, simultaneous scans with TLS and total station were carried out at different inclinations of the control plane. Both surveys were done in frontal scan mode (minimum plane inclination of 0º53’ and maximum plane inclination of 3º28’) and in oblique mode (plane inclination of 1º09’), where the plane inclination angles were generated by the rotation in EPC base, considering the first plane position as reference to inclination calculating. From parametrization of point clouds, a new approach was developed to test the significance of the estimated inclination angle of the plane in relation to a reference position. The results showed that it is possible to confirm that the inclined angles were statistically significant, but that the TLS scanning position can interfere in the determination of these data for monitoring purposes.
{"title":"A New Approach for Structural Monitoring Based on Terrestrial Laser Scan Data Using Control Planes","authors":"Samir De Souza Oliveira Alves, Felipe Andrés Carvajal Rodríguez, Lívia Faria Sampaio, Leandro Ítalo Barbosa De Medeiros, Dayane Wiggers, L. Veiga, I. Klein","doi":"10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2023_46_53598","url":null,"abstract":"Laser scanning is a survey method that enables the obtaining of several data points on surfaces through the observation of horizontal and vertical angles and electronic distance measurements. The result of these observations is a set of 3D points named point clouds, which can be obtained from scans using total stations or the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Currently, the use of TLS in geodetic structural deformation monitoring activities is under evaluation, since this technique can provide a greater number of points in a shorter period, when compared to scans performed by total stations. In this research, the feasibility of using control planes for geodetic monitoring was investigated in a controlled laboratory environment, exploring the current trend of parameterization of point clouds. From the development of an Experimental Plane Control (EPC) containing a flat surface that could be inclined in a controlled way, simultaneous scans with TLS and total station were carried out at different inclinations of the control plane. Both surveys were done in frontal scan mode (minimum plane inclination of 0º53’ and maximum plane inclination of 3º28’) and in oblique mode (plane inclination of 1º09’), where the plane inclination angles were generated by the rotation in EPC base, considering the first plane position as reference to inclination calculating. From parametrization of point clouds, a new approach was developed to test the significance of the estimated inclination angle of the plane in relation to a reference position. The results showed that it is possible to confirm that the inclined angles were statistically significant, but that the TLS scanning position can interfere in the determination of these data for monitoring purposes. ","PeriodicalId":39973,"journal":{"name":"Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41866564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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