ACS Applied Electronic Materials最新文献

This study presents a method for the precipitation of germanium from a solution using magnetic iron-based precipitants and contrasts this method with the commonly employed neutralization–precipitation technique in industrial production, analyzing and comparing their reaction conditions and the properties of their precipitates. This study analyzes the influence of varying experimental conditions (reaction time, reaction temperature, iron:germanium molar ratio, Fe³⁺:Fe²⁺ molar ratio, and reaction pH) on the germanium precipitation efficiency. With a precipitation time of 30 min, a precipitation temperature of 30 °C, an iron:germanium molar ratio of 30:1, an Fe³⁺:Fe²⁺ molar ratio of 3:1, and a reaction pH of 5.0, the optimal germanium precipitation efficiency achieved was 99.5%. Furthermore, this study employed X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry to analyze the properties and composition of the precipitate, providing support for the conclusion regarding germanium precipitation using magnetic iron-based precipitants. Through theoretical analysis and instrumental testing, it was determined that the precipitation of germanium from a solution using magnetic iron-based precipitants significantly reduces the reaction time compared to those of neutralization–precipitation methods. Moreover, a magnetic iron-based precipitant substantially reduces the amount of precipitate, allows for magnetic separation of the precipitate, and effectively alleviates the problem of the presence of other valuable metals in the precipitate.

The distinctive surface states of Bi₂Se₃, recognized as topological insulators, have garnered considerable attention for their phenomenal electronic and optical characteristics. Heterostructures (HS) integrating Bi₂Se₃ have emerged as viable prospects for a variety of applications despite hurdles such as attaining high-quality interfaces, complicated fabrication processes, and maximizing optoelectronic performance. The synergistic coupling of Bi₂Se₃ and halide perovskite materials provides potential such as variable bandgaps and improved charge carrier mobility. In this work, we fabricated the HS of Bi₂Se₃ with MAPbBr₃, with the aim of understanding changes in fundamental properties and excited state dynamics under different heterostructuring conditions. We observed the critical role of surface matching conditions in determining lattice compatibility between materials and influencing the crystallization of MAPbBr₃ precursor solutions. We demonstrate the occurrence of several phenomena in these heterostructures using transient absorption analysis. These include charge transfer, extended carrier recombination lifetimes, and bandgap renormalization. We also observe polaron formation, hot carrier cooling, and exciton–exciton annihilation. Additionally, inverse bremsstrahlung and excitonic interactions are identified. Moreover, the investigation of carrier temperature dependence indicates the participation of phonon bottleneck effects and Frohlich phonon emission. Because of their ability to achieve considerable charge transfer efficiencies resulting from strong electron–phonon coupling and excitonic interactions, we hypothesize that such heterostructures offer promise for effective photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. Further exploration of the integration of other perovskite materials with Bi₂Se₃ is crucial for unlocking their full potential in practical devices.

Separating blood plasma is a critical and common task in daily laboratory analyses for diagnosing blood-related disorders and diseases. Optimizing the efficiency of blood plasma separation microdevices through numerical approaches can substantially reduce the time and expense of disease diagnosis. This work presents a numerical investigation of blood flow within a complex, elevated-dimension microchannel using a continuum-based two-fluid method. The simulations focus on two innovative passive blood-based microchannels designed for blood plasma separation applications that utilize blood’s various geometrical and hydrodynamic phenomena. The study qualitatively illustrates significant phenomena such as the Zweifach–Fung effect (bifurcation law), Fahraeus effect, Fahraeus–Lindquist effect, plasma skimming, and migration of red blood cells within the passive hydrodynamic blood plasma separation microdevice. These phenomena are crucial for achieving effective blood plasma separation within the microdevice. The qualitative analysis conducted in this study aligns with experimental observations, providing confidence in the model’s accuracy. Additionally, the study offers a quantitative analysis of local hematocrit profiles and cell-free layers at different locations within the microdevice, providing blood flow insights. The proposed continuum-based two-fluid method is a valuable tool during the initial design phase of passive blood-based microdevices, offering significant cost and time savings.

This study employed organic sulfur markers (S-markers) associated with geochemistry parameters to evaluate the paleoenvironment of different depositional settings in 24 samples collected in vertical sections of outcrops of the Candeias and Barreirinha Formations in Recôncavo and Amazon basins, respectively. A total of twenty-one S-markers from benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and benzonaphtothiophenes (BNT) classes were optimized and quantified by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). S-markers efficiently evaluated and differentiated the depositional paleoenvironment in the source rocks based on the individual compound, in cross-validation with saturated biomarkers, and associated with parameters such as total organic carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Samples from the lacustrine environment presented low concentrations of BT, DBT, and BNT, and samples from the marine environment showed high BT, DBT, and BNT concentrations. The variations in ∑DBT and TOC indicated that the quantity and/or the type of organic matter exert some control over the distribution of DBTs. Although the formations are from different paleoenvironments, the organic matter input was similar, as indicated by high proportions of 1,2-BNT and 2,1-BNT relative to 2,3-BNT, thus characterizing the algal input with a microbial contribution for both sites. The sum of the BNTs was directly related to the amounts of amorphous organic matter (AOM) in the vertical distribution of outcrops. These results are in accordance with the finding that BNTs may originate from the microbial activity. The DBT/Phen vs pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) relationship attested to differences in the redox conditions of the depositional paleoenvironments of the formations under study. The 4,6-DMDBT/2,4,6-TMDBT and 2,4,6-TMDBT/(2,4,7 + 2,4,8)-TMDBT ratios indicated immaturity for hydrocarbon generation.

The selection of efficient deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for simultaneous extraction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) as well as purification of methane (CH₄) from raw natural gas (NG), a multilevel screening method, is proposed. This method integrates Henry’s law constant (H) and vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE)-based thermodynamic models, critical property estimation, and process simulation. Initially, the H-absorption selectivity desorption index (H-ASDI) screens potential DESs under infinite dilution conditions by estimating the infinite dilution activity coefficient to assess their target properties. Subsequently, their performance is evaluated using the VLE of {DES + NG} systems at specific compositions (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1). Shortlisted DESs, identified through the VLE-based ASDI′, are further assessed in a conceptual NG sweetening process flow sheet to determine the best DES. After validating shortlisted DESs through process simulation, key physical properties are analyzed and compared to deduce their suitability for CO₂ and H₂S removal for practical applications in industries. This multilevel approach ensures thorough assessment and selection of DESs with optimal CO₂ and H₂S extraction capabilities, which are crucial for efficient gas sweetening processes in industrial applications.

Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) plays an important role as a modern power distribution device in power plants and power stations, which is commonly filled with SF₆ insulating gas. During the equipment operation, the inevitable partial discharge causes SF₆ to be broken down into gas (SF₄, SOF₂, SO₂, and H₂S), which degrades the insulation performance of the GIS. This paper is devoted to the detection of partial discharge and the removal of SF₄ and SOF₂, which are not conducive to insulation, by exploring new gas-sensing materials for characteristic gas detection. Based on first-principles calculation, on the one hand, the most stable adsorption configurations of rhodium-decorated gallium nitride nanotubes (Rh-GaNNTs) and gas adsorption systems were obtained. On the other hand, the doping and adsorption mechanisms were analyzed by band structure, density of states, deformation charge density, and molecular orbital theory. Subsequently, the gas-sensitive performance of Rh-GaNNTs for these four impurity gases was evaluated by analyzing the sensing response and recovery time. The adsorption stability and recovery time of Rh-GaNNTs to these gases are ranked as SF₄ > SOF₂ > SO₂ > H₂S; the order of influence of gas adsorption on sensitivity response is H₂S > SO₂ > SF₄ ≈ SOF₂. Calculation results show the potential of Rh-doped surfaces as reusable H₂S and SO₂ sensors and suggest their use as gas scavengers to remove SF₄ and SOF₂, especially SOF₂.

Aiming at the time and space limitation of gas control in the first mining face of newly built outburst mine, this study takes Longfeng Coal Mine in Guizhou as the engineering background and puts forward a concept of far- and near-field gas collaborative joint control based on “orientation + general drilling”. The correlation between effective extraction radius and extraction time of No. 9 coal seam is determined by establishing the mathematical model of gas migration in which stress field, diffusion field, and seepage field are coupled. Combined with the mining and deployment planning of the first mining face, the three-level strengthened regional gas management scheme of “directional middle, cross-layer, and cross-layer supplement” was designed, the spacing of drilling holes was optimized, and the spatiotemporal collaborative joint management system of gas advanced large areas was constructed. Practice has proven that the three-level gas extraction cooperative and joint management mode adopted in the 1903 first mining face effectively realized the spatiospatial matching of gas extraction and mining progress at all levels, realized the gas extraction standard and safe mining in advance, and provided an effective technical solution for the gas treatment of the first mining face in the newly built outburst mine.

Plastic waste is a major threat in our industrialized world and is driving research into bioplastics. The success of biobased polyethylene furanoate (PEF) as a viable alternative to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) of fossil origin will depend on designing effective enzymes to break it down, aiding its recycling. Here, a panel of fungal and bacterial cutinases were functionally expressed in a tandem yeast expression system based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris. The activity of the enzyme panel was tested with soluble PEF model scaffolds, observing a correlation with the degradation of real PEF powder. A high-throughput colorimetric screening assay based on the PEF scaffold diethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate was developed, establishing the basis for future directed evolution campaigns of PEFases.

A diabetic wound exemplifies the challenge of chronic, nonhealing wounds. Elevated blood sugar levels in diabetes profoundly disrupt macrophage function, impairing crucial activities such as phagocytosis, immune response, cell migration, and blood vessel formation, all essential for effective wound healing. Moreover, the persistent presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, coupled with a decrease in anti-inflammatory factors, exacerbates the delay in wound healing associated with diabetes. This review emphasizes the dysfunctional inflammatory responses underlying diabetic wounds and explores preclinical studies of inflammation-modulating bioactives and biomaterials that show promise in expediting diabetic wound healing. Additionally, this review provides an overview of selected clinical studies employing biomaterials and bioactive molecules, shedding light on the gap between extensive preclinical research and limited clinical studies in this field.

For settling the recycling problem of waste polyurethane sponges (PU) and environment pollution of oil spills simultaneously, this work exploited the multifunctional superhydrophobic PU materials via the dip-coating method, which were prepared by anchoring modified Fe₃O₄ and expandable graphite (EG) on PU sponges under the adhesion effect of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The water contact angle and sliding angle of as-prepared PU sponges reached 154.1 ± 1.6 and 8°, respectively. Most importantly, the superhydrophobic PU sponges were endowed with the multipath oil treatment ability, which consisted of magnetically driven, gravity-driven, peristaltic pump-driven, and photothermally driven modes. Besides, the light oil absorption capacity, separation flux, and efficiency for superhydrophobic PU sponges reached 23.9 g/g, 27779 L m^–2 h^–1, and 99.5%, respectively. Owing to the photothermal conversion ability of Fe₃O₄ and EG, the temperature of superhydrophobic PU sponges was raised to 71.5 °C within 233 s under 1.2 solar irradiation (1200 W/m²), demonstrating its absorption potential for high-viscosity crude oils. In addition, the prepared sponges exhibited good chemical/mechanical stability, self-cleaning, and flame retardancy. In a nutshell, this article has evolved an environmentally benign and practical method for fabricating the multifunctional materials in oil spill treatment, which will efficiently accomplish the targets of low carbon and environmental management.