ACS Applied Electronic Materials最新文献

Cu- and Co-promoted lanthanum oxysulfates were investigated as potential catalysts for the combustion of carbon soot in a gasoline particle filter (GPF) at high temperatures. The materials were characterized by XRD, XRF, TEM, N₂-adsorption analysis, and experiments of soot combustion were carried out in a coupled TG-MS apparatus under O₂-free or 1% O₂ flow. It was demonstrated that the metal-promoted lanthanum oxysulfates were able to completely oxidize soot even in the absence of O₂, thanks to the high oxygen storage capacity related to their fast and fully reversible conversion into the corresponding oxysulfides. Doping with small amounts of transition metals (1 wt %) inhibits the undesired and irreversible decomposition of the La-oxysulfate releasing SO₂ and decreases the temperature of soot oxidation.

We present a general fabrication strategy for freestanding single-crystalline complex oxide device arrays via wet chemical etching-based microfabrication processes and epitaxial lift-off. Here, we used 0.5Ba(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃-0.5Ba(Zr_0.7Ti_0.3)O₃ (BCZT) as a model relaxor ferroelectric oxide system and La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ as the sacrificial layer for demonstration. Arrays of SrRuO₃ (SRO)/BCZT/SRO ferroelectric capacitor mesas were first defined and isolated on the growth wafer, and then they were released using epitaxial lift-off with lithography-defined surrounding etching holes, after which the freestanding device arrays were integrated onto a glass substrate. Our proposed strategy sheds light on preparing various freestanding single-crystalline oxide devices and paves the way for their heterogeneous integration onto arbitrary substates.

Imidazole-based materials have attracted considerable attention due to their promising potential for facilitating anhydrous proton transport at high temperatures. Herein, a machine learning-based deep potential (DP) model for bulk imidazole with first-principles accuracy is developed. The trained model exhibits remarkable accuracy in predicting energies and forces, with minor errors of 4.71 × 10^–4 eV/atom and 3.23 × 10^–2 eV/Å, respectively. Utilizing DP molecular dynamics simulations, we have systematically investigated the temperature-dependent formation and dynamics of imidazole supramolecular chains through the partial radial distribution function, quantification of hydrogen bond numbers, incoherent intermediate scattering function, and diffusion coefficient. The findings reveal the influence of temperature on the proton transport path following either the “Grotthuss” and “vehicle” mechanism.

The rational design of AT1 receptor antagonists represents a pivotal approach in the development of therapeutic agents targeting cardiovascular pathophysiology. Sartans, a class of compounds engineered to inhibit the binding and activation of Angiotensin II on the AT1 receptor, have demonstrated significant clinical efficacy. This review explores the multifaceted role of sartans in mitigating hypertension and related complications. We highlight the integration of crystallography, computational simulations, and NMR spectroscopy to elucidate sartan-AT1 receptor interactions, providing a foundation for the next-generation antagonist design. The review also delves into the challenges posed by the high lipophilicity and suboptimal bioavailability of sartans, emphasizing advancements in nanotechnology and novel drug delivery systems. Additionally, we discuss the impact of lipid bilayers on the AT1 receptor conformation and drug binding, underscoring the importance of the lipidic environment in receptor-drug interactions. We suggest that optimizing drug design to account for these factors could enhance the therapeutic potential of AT1 receptor antagonists, paving the way for improved cardiovascular health outcomes.

Melamine-derived mesoporous carbon, which was obtained from pyrolysis of modified melamine, was employed for the purpose of eliminating trace amounts of Hg(II) from honeysuckle decoction. The specific surface area of the mesoporous carbons with N-functional (MCN₁) was 648.372 m²·g^–1. The chemical composition and morphology of MCN₁ were thoroughly examined, and a comprehensive analysis led to the identification of its formation mechanism. A noteworthy association has been identified between the adsorption efficacy and the chemical composition of MCN₁. In the elimination of trace mercury in aqueous solutions over a broad pH range (pH 2–9), MCN₁ demonstrates high effectiveness, approaching 100%. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm results indicate that a more accurate representation of Hg(II) adsorption on MCN₁ is provided by pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich models, with chemical adsorption being the dominant mechanism. This study further examined the removal of chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component, by MCN₁. The findings imply that MCN₁ has a noteworthy 80% efficacy in removing mercury from honeysuckle decoction while maintaining the purity of its medicinal ingredients, particularly chlorogenic acid. As a result, utilizing MCN₁ for the adsorption of Hg(II) in honeysuckle decoction appears to be a reasonable approach.

People on the autism spectrum can learn about autism from various sources, likely differing in the information, portrayal, and discussion they offer. The present study investigates where autistic people learn about autism, and whether their information source is associated with their level of autism knowledge, perceptions of stigma, and development and expression of an autism identity. A survey of 198 Australian adults with an autism diagnosis showed that learning about autism from conventional sources (e.g., professionals, parents) was associated with more internalised stigma, lower endorsement of special abilities and autism identity, whereas online blogs and social media showed the opposite pattern as well as more accurate knowledge of autism. The findings raise questions about how authoritative sources of information discuss autism.

Traditional Type-I heterojunctions, the combination of large- and narrow-bandgap semiconductors, possess a long electron transmission path and an electron–hole confinement region, making them not conducive to improving catalytic performance. Hence, few studies about the heterostructure combined with large and narrow bandgap in chemocatalysis were invested, especially in terms of reaction mechanism. Herein, a narrow bandgap (CdS) and a large bandgap (hexagonal boron nitride, h-BN) were selected as the research objects to fabricate h-BN/CdS heterojunction by Joule heating by an ultrafast heating procedure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed and showed that in the h-BN/CdS heterojunctions photogenerated electrons (e^–) transferred from h-BN to CdS, while the photogenerated holes (h⁺) moved conversely, which is completely different from that of classical Type-I heterojunctions. Thus, a nonclassical Type-I h-BN/CdS heterojunction was successfully constructed, as proved by DFT calculations and experimental verification, which revealed excellent visible light response and photocatalytic degradation ability of tetracycline (TC). The optimized h-BN/CdS heterojunction exhibited a high degradation rate of 84.78% under visible light irradiation. Additionally, the applicability of h-BN/CdS heterojunction was expanded to photodegradation of different water environments. A nonclassical Type-I heterojunction that combined large- and narrow-bandgap materials was proposed, which opened up a new path for efficient photocatalysis in antibiotic wastewater degradation.

Biphalin is a bivalent μ/δ opioid receptor agonist showing a promising therapeutic profile with reduced side effects, but as a peptide is limited by poor metabolic stability and blood-brain barrier penetration. To improve these features, we developed the ligand MACE2 and showed initial in vivo efficacy. To further explore the druggability of this ligand, in this report, we tested MACE2 metabolic stability in human plasma, receptor engagement by 3 different routes of administration using the tail-flick test, and MACE2 efficacy in 2 different pathological and chronic pain models. We found that MACE2 had high stability in plasma and could produce target engagement and a tail flick response. We also showed that MACE2 had high analgesic efficacy in CIPN but no efficacy in paw incision. Together, these findings suggest that MACE2 has improved metabolic stability and brain penetration in vivo, prompting further development in clinical testing.

It is an effective method to separate hematite by converting it to magnetite by reduction roasting and then separating it by magnetite separation. However, quartz will partially remain in the concentrates. Therefore, it is significant to separate quartz from the concentrates to produce high-quality iron concentrates. In this work, N-{3-[(2-propylheptyl)oxy]propyl}propane-1,3-diamine (PPPDA) was synthesized and served as a collector for low-temperature flotation to separate quartz from magnetite that was generated by reduction roasting of hematite. The flotation experiment and principle of the PPPDA collector on quartz and the new generated magnetite surface were studied by flotation experiments, ζ potential measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Flotation data showed that, in the pH range of 5–9, when PPPDA dosage was 15 mg/L and temperature was 10–30 °C, PPPDA has good collecting ability on quartz minerals, which could make the recovery difference between quartz and the new generated magnetite reach more than 95%. Artificial mixed ore experiments at a low temperature of 10 °C yielded a concentrate with an iron grade of 64.41% and an iron recovery of 78.98%. The data of ζ potential, FTIR spectrum, and XPS and DFT calculations confirmed that PPPDA could not be adsorbed on the new generated magnetite, and the adsorption principle between PPPDA and quartz was mainly electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bond adsorption.

The effectiveness of gold (Au)-based catalysts in CO oxidation is significantly influenced by strong metal–support interactions with surface oxygen structures, the mechanisms of which remain elusive. To investigate this property, we selected γ-MnO₂, featuring Mn(-O-)₂Mn and Mn–O–Mn structural motifs, and β-MnO₂, characterized by Mn–O–Mn linkages, as support materials. The CO oxidation process was investigated by fabricating Au nanoparticles supported on these two MnO₂ polymorphs. Our findings reveal that Au supported on β-MnO₂ substantially enhanced CO oxidation, in stark contrast to the inhibitory effect observed with Au on γ-MnO₂. Using operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy coupled with mass spectrometry, we detected an increase in the production of surface-adsorbed oxygen following Au deposition on β-MnO₂. Conversely, Au supported on γ-MnO₂ resulted in a diminished capacity for surface oxygen adsorption. The presence of Au⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions was identified as pivotal for CO oxidation. Moreover, the engagement of the Mn(-O-)₂Mn structure in the reaction was impaired after Au loading on γ-MnO₂, and the regeneration of the Mn–O–Mn linkage was similarly hindered. We propose a mechanism for the interactions between Au and the oxygen species associated with Mn(-O-)₂Mn and Mn–O–Mn structures on MnO₂, offering insights into the divergent catalytic behaviors exhibited by different MnO₂ polymorphs.