Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778725
C. Oates, R. Bassett
Power Electronics has evolved over the past 20 years to be the main method of power conversion in terms of equipment volume, efficiency and cost. In power transmission and distribution systems power electronics does not compare in efficiency and cost and only provides support where conventional technology is not incapable of performing the task. With the promise of Silicon Carbide (SiC) based IGBTs rated at 10kV to be realised within the next year the paper examines what effect this might have on the role of Power Electronics within Power Transmission. In particular values of efficiency, weight and size are developed for 300MW PWM based HVDC converter equipment operating with both a 50Hz transformer and at 1kHz and 20kHz and concludes that with Silicon Carbide devices the cost of VSC-HVDC stations will reduce by about 30%. Changing to high frequency conversion using frequencies of up to 20kHz will result in comparable efficiencies and volumes with Si based VSC-HVDC stations, however the overall cost will increase by about 30%.
{"title":"Future T&D Technology","authors":"C. Oates, R. Bassett","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778725","url":null,"abstract":"Power Electronics has evolved over the past 20 years to be the main method of power conversion in terms of equipment volume, efficiency and cost. In power transmission and distribution systems power electronics does not compare in efficiency and cost and only provides support where conventional technology is not incapable of performing the task. With the promise of Silicon Carbide (SiC) based IGBTs rated at 10kV to be realised within the next year the paper examines what effect this might have on the role of Power Electronics within Power Transmission. In particular values of efficiency, weight and size are developed for 300MW PWM based HVDC converter equipment operating with both a 50Hz transformer and at 1kHz and 20kHz and concludes that with Silicon Carbide devices the cost of VSC-HVDC stations will reduce by about 30%. Changing to high frequency conversion using frequencies of up to 20kHz will result in comparable efficiencies and volumes with Si based VSC-HVDC stations, however the overall cost will increase by about 30%.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114976185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778389
E. Bueno, S. Cóbreces, F. Rodríguez, F. Espinosa, Marta Alonso, R. Alcaraz
Nowadays the most used multilevel topology for variable-speed wind turbines (WTs) is the a back-to back three-level NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) VSCs (voltage source converter). One of the most critical elements in the design of this type of converters is the DC-bus capacitors. The calculus of these depends on the same factors that the same two-levels topology, and, moreover it is function of a low frequency ripple due to the current by NP point. In this work, the value of these capacitors is obtained from the analytical equations of the DC-bus voltage ripple due to the iDC (DC-bus current) and the iNP (NP current). These expressions are verified through simulation and practical results.
{"title":"Calculation of the DC-bus Capacitors of the Back-to-back NPC Converters","authors":"E. Bueno, S. Cóbreces, F. Rodríguez, F. Espinosa, Marta Alonso, R. Alcaraz","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778389","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the most used multilevel topology for variable-speed wind turbines (WTs) is the a back-to back three-level NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) VSCs (voltage source converter). One of the most critical elements in the design of this type of converters is the DC-bus capacitors. The calculus of these depends on the same factors that the same two-levels topology, and, moreover it is function of a low frequency ripple due to the current by NP point. In this work, the value of these capacitors is obtained from the analytical equations of the DC-bus voltage ripple due to the iDC (DC-bus current) and the iNP (NP current). These expressions are verified through simulation and practical results.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115471285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778391
G. Almandoz, G. Abad, I. Zamakona, M. Telleria, M. Zulaika, F. Pazos
The present research study is focused on the design, development and validation of a device based on multilevel converter for medium voltage distribution networks. It regulates the reactive power exchanged with the grid (up to 3 MVAR), allowing to achieve the following objectives: Network voltage regulation, reactive power compensation and power factor control. The device is composed by an IGBT based 4 level NPC (neutral point clamped) converter. The adopted modulation strategy is the space vector modulation and it takes into account the bus capacitor voltage balancing. The reactive power regulation will be carried out by a vector control technique. The correct behavior of the electronic system connected to a radial distribution network is validated in simulation. Firstly the behavior of the system is analyzed under normal operation conditions. After that, its robustness is analyzed when sudden network voltage changes occur
{"title":"MV Grid Reactive Power Compensator Based on a Four Level NPC Converter","authors":"G. Almandoz, G. Abad, I. Zamakona, M. Telleria, M. Zulaika, F. Pazos","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778391","url":null,"abstract":"The present research study is focused on the design, development and validation of a device based on multilevel converter for medium voltage distribution networks. It regulates the reactive power exchanged with the grid (up to 3 MVAR), allowing to achieve the following objectives: Network voltage regulation, reactive power compensation and power factor control. The device is composed by an IGBT based 4 level NPC (neutral point clamped) converter. The adopted modulation strategy is the space vector modulation and it takes into account the bus capacitor voltage balancing. The reactive power regulation will be carried out by a vector control technique. The correct behavior of the electronic system connected to a radial distribution network is validated in simulation. Firstly the behavior of the system is analyzed under normal operation conditions. After that, its robustness is analyzed when sudden network voltage changes occur","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123131879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778529
J. Faiz, M. Ahmadi, Azeem Khan
This paper presents a circuit model of permanent magnet brushless direct current motor in which it is possible to simulate the phase open circuit faults and access the center of star-connected three-phase winding. The remedial strategies are introduced for the open-circuit of phase and power switch disconnection. The control system with two added electronic switches to the inverter can control the faulty motor such that a positive desired torque is developed. In this method a single phase is excited during the fault over some periods. The output of the faulty motor is lower than that of the healthy motor.
{"title":"Fault Tolerance for Phase Open-circuit and Power Electronic Switch Disconnection in PMBDC Motor by Adding Extra Parts to Inverter","authors":"J. Faiz, M. Ahmadi, Azeem Khan","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778529","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a circuit model of permanent magnet brushless direct current motor in which it is possible to simulate the phase open circuit faults and access the center of star-connected three-phase winding. The remedial strategies are introduced for the open-circuit of phase and power switch disconnection. The control system with two added electronic switches to the inverter can control the faulty motor such that a positive desired torque is developed. In this method a single phase is excited during the fault over some periods. The output of the faulty motor is lower than that of the healthy motor.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121033104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778456
E. Hoff, L. Norum
Grid connection of many small-scale renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaics, requires an inverter. The way in which this inverter is controlled, is important in respect to safety and voltage quality. Control of such an inverter for distributed generation is designed and tested. This is performed on a 3 kW three-phase transformerless lab setup. In addition the inverter is also used as an uninterruptible power supply in case of power outages
{"title":"Inverter Control for Distributed Generation","authors":"E. Hoff, L. Norum","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778456","url":null,"abstract":"Grid connection of many small-scale renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaics, requires an inverter. The way in which this inverter is controlled, is important in respect to safety and voltage quality. Control of such an inverter for distributed generation is designed and tested. This is performed on a 3 kW three-phase transformerless lab setup. In addition the inverter is also used as an uninterruptible power supply in case of power outages","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127155165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778704
K. Borre
The European navigation satellite system Galileo is moving ahead. We describe the open service signal L1 OS transmitted from the satellites. Compared to GPS some new features are introduced: Binary offset carrier modulation, coherent adaptive sub-carrier modulation, pilot signals, and tiered codes. These features make the GPS and Galileo signals live together on the same frequencies, and they make Galileo signals in general more robust
{"title":"The Galileo Signals With Emphasis on L1 OS","authors":"K. Borre","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778704","url":null,"abstract":"The European navigation satellite system Galileo is moving ahead. We describe the open service signal L1 OS transmitted from the satellites. Compared to GPS some new features are introduced: Binary offset carrier modulation, coherent adaptive sub-carrier modulation, pilot signals, and tiered codes. These features make the GPS and Galileo signals live together on the same frequencies, and they make Galileo signals in general more robust","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124860947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778542
L. Szabó, D. Popa, V. Iancu
Linear drive technologies are steadily expanded in various applications, especially in industry, where high precision electrical direct drive systems are required. In this paper a double-sided variant of a novel direct driven modular permanent magnet linear motor is presented. Its characteristics are computed by means of 3D FEM magnetic field analysis. An interesting industrial application in which it can be used is also presented
{"title":"Compact Double-Sided Modular Linear Motor for Narrow Industrial Applications","authors":"L. Szabó, D. Popa, V. Iancu","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778542","url":null,"abstract":"Linear drive technologies are steadily expanded in various applications, especially in industry, where high precision electrical direct drive systems are required. In this paper a double-sided variant of a novel direct driven modular permanent magnet linear motor is presented. Its characteristics are computed by means of 3D FEM magnetic field analysis. An interesting industrial application in which it can be used is also presented","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125022947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778446
Z. Peroutka, K. Zeman, Jiri Flajtingr
This paper deals with the problem of the transmission of the energy to the dc trolley wire during the regenerative braking of the tram drive in case of the braking with increased dc-link voltage. The contribution presents new strategy called "active regenerative braking" (ARB). When the dc trolley wire is able to receive at least minimum energy, ARB allows the transmission of the vehicle kinetic energy to the trolley wire, even if the dc-link voltage is higher than admissible upper trolley wire voltage. The proposed strategy is verified by simulations and experimental data from the recent tram ¿koda 14T, where this system is first time used.
{"title":"Active Regenerative Braking: Braking of Induction Machine Traction Drive with Maximum Torque in High Speeds","authors":"Z. Peroutka, K. Zeman, Jiri Flajtingr","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778446","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the problem of the transmission of the energy to the dc trolley wire during the regenerative braking of the tram drive in case of the braking with increased dc-link voltage. The contribution presents new strategy called \"active regenerative braking\" (ARB). When the dc trolley wire is able to receive at least minimum energy, ARB allows the transmission of the vehicle kinetic energy to the trolley wire, even if the dc-link voltage is higher than admissible upper trolley wire voltage. The proposed strategy is verified by simulations and experimental data from the recent tram ¿koda 14T, where this system is first time used.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123274752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778608
B. Blazic, I. Papič
In view of STATCOM operation analysis, special attention must be paid to the operation with unbalanced network voltages. In this paper a control algorithm that enables STATCOM operation with unbalanced voltages is presented. The algorithm is based on the compensator mathematical model in the d-q coordinate system. In case of an unbalanced voltage sag the compensator unbalances the generated voltages to limit the negative sequence currents. The problem of low-order harmonics generation is solved with the use of appropriate switching function modulation that enables the use of a relatively small capacitor on the DC side. The proposed algorithm was tested by means of simulation of STATCOM operation in the PSCAD program. The algorithm shows a good transient response also in the case of relatively deep voltage sags
{"title":"STATCOM Control for Operation with Unbalanced Voltages","authors":"B. Blazic, I. Papič","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778608","url":null,"abstract":"In view of STATCOM operation analysis, special attention must be paid to the operation with unbalanced network voltages. In this paper a control algorithm that enables STATCOM operation with unbalanced voltages is presented. The algorithm is based on the compensator mathematical model in the d-q coordinate system. In case of an unbalanced voltage sag the compensator unbalances the generated voltages to limit the negative sequence currents. The problem of low-order harmonics generation is solved with the use of appropriate switching function modulation that enables the use of a relatively small capacitor on the DC side. The proposed algorithm was tested by means of simulation of STATCOM operation in the PSCAD program. The algorithm shows a good transient response also in the case of relatively deep voltage sags","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126913560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778537
A. Takahashi, H. Goto, K. Nakamura, Tadada-aki Watanabe, O. Ichinokura
Switched reluctance generator (SR Generator) has various desirable features which include simple and solid structure, easiness of maintenance, small moment of rotor inertia and low cost. However, the SR generator has not been put into practical use widely because an optimum design of SR generator has not been fully considered. Furthermore, the excitation circuit of conventional SR generator utilizes an asymmetry half bridge converter (AHBC) which has complicate circuit. In this paper, we present some considerations on an 8/6 SR generator excited by a suppression resistor converter (SRC) which is consist of half number of switching devices for the AHBC. The operating characteristics of the SR generators were discussed based on FEM analysis and experiments.
{"title":"Characteristics of 8/6 SR Generator with a Suppression Resistor Converter","authors":"A. Takahashi, H. Goto, K. Nakamura, Tadada-aki Watanabe, O. Ichinokura","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778537","url":null,"abstract":"Switched reluctance generator (SR Generator) has various desirable features which include simple and solid structure, easiness of maintenance, small moment of rotor inertia and low cost. However, the SR generator has not been put into practical use widely because an optimum design of SR generator has not been fully considered. Furthermore, the excitation circuit of conventional SR generator utilizes an asymmetry half bridge converter (AHBC) which has complicate circuit. In this paper, we present some considerations on an 8/6 SR generator excited by a suppression resistor converter (SRC) which is consist of half number of switching devices for the AHBC. The operating characteristics of the SR generators were discussed based on FEM analysis and experiments.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115527802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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