Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778440
J. Roger-Folch, Juan J. Pérez, M. Pineda, R. Puche
Graphical languages are standard in the field of computer programming. Complex software development is best handled by graphically connecting pre-built, fully tested and highly specialized software components, instead of writing and debugging thousands of lines of code. Modern programming environments include complete libraries of such components. In the field of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), this is not the case. PLC programs can be developed using graphical languages, as Ladder Diagrams (LD) or Function Block Diagrams (FBD), but the standard libraries are very limited, so the programmer must develop his own libraries, building software objects from scratch. In this paper, a framework is presented for automatically building complex software modules using based on two key pillars: on the one hand, using object oriented concepts as encapsulation, inheritance and generic programming, and, in the other one, closely following the physical model of the objects used in building electrical control cabinets (ECBs).
{"title":"Graphical Development of Software for Programmable Logic Controllers","authors":"J. Roger-Folch, Juan J. Pérez, M. Pineda, R. Puche","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778440","url":null,"abstract":"Graphical languages are standard in the field of computer programming. Complex software development is best handled by graphically connecting pre-built, fully tested and highly specialized software components, instead of writing and debugging thousands of lines of code. Modern programming environments include complete libraries of such components. In the field of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), this is not the case. PLC programs can be developed using graphical languages, as Ladder Diagrams (LD) or Function Block Diagrams (FBD), but the standard libraries are very limited, so the programmer must develop his own libraries, building software objects from scratch. In this paper, a framework is presented for automatically building complex software modules using based on two key pillars: on the one hand, using object oriented concepts as encapsulation, inheritance and generic programming, and, in the other one, closely following the physical model of the objects used in building electrical control cabinets (ECBs).","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131757191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778436
C. Botan, F. Ostafi
The paper presents fixed and free end-point linear quadratic problems for drive systems with brushless or D.C. motors. Symmetrical algorithms for the both problems are proposed. These algorithms can be easier implemented by comparison with classical procedures. Simulation results and a comparison between the two type of problems are presented in the last section
{"title":"Discrete Free and Fixed End-Point Optimal Control Problems for Linear Electrical Drive Systems","authors":"C. Botan, F. Ostafi","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778436","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents fixed and free end-point linear quadratic problems for drive systems with brushless or D.C. motors. Symmetrical algorithms for the both problems are proposed. These algorithms can be easier implemented by comparison with classical procedures. Simulation results and a comparison between the two type of problems are presented in the last section","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133520293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778509
B. Buti, I. Nagy, E. Masada
The paper is concerned with the stability analysis of a feedback controlled resonant dual channel buck&boost converter. The output voltage is controlled by using constant frequency PWM and PI controller. The analysis is based on the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the Poincaré Map Function (PMF). After small perturbation determining the deviations of the state variables from the periodic trajectory, the Jacobian matrix is calculated without the need to determine the PMF itself. The introduction of the so-called auxiliary state vector greatly facilitates the calculation. Calculation and simulation results included helps the design of the control loop.
{"title":"Stability Analysis of PWM-Controlled Dual Channel Resonant Buck&Boost Converter Using PI Controller","authors":"B. Buti, I. Nagy, E. Masada","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778509","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is concerned with the stability analysis of a feedback controlled resonant dual channel buck&boost converter. The output voltage is controlled by using constant frequency PWM and PI controller. The analysis is based on the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the Poincaré Map Function (PMF). After small perturbation determining the deviations of the state variables from the periodic trajectory, the Jacobian matrix is calculated without the need to determine the PMF itself. The introduction of the so-called auxiliary state vector greatly facilitates the calculation. Calculation and simulation results included helps the design of the control loop.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"42 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132640072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778710
I. G. Burrel, S. Leballois, E. Monmasson, L. Prevond
The simultaneous production of heat and power at a small-scale is already a well known technique. Cogeneration is one of the main ways to bring about decentralised, embedded, localised and/or autonomous power production. However, it is still a challenge to design cogenerators to be below 10 kW as required for the smallest applications such as providing heat and power to a single house. This paper specifically introduces a Stirling cogeneration system for which nominal power is 1 kW. The system connects a new "double-effect" Stirling engine with a linear induction generator. The connection is done via the engine's piston that serves also as the secondary (mover) of the generator. First of all, the system is described, then, a state-space model of the co-generator under steady-state oscillatory conditions is presented in order to synthesize a controller that ensures robust stability and desired performances through the resistant effort created by the generator on the piston.
{"title":"Energy Performance and Stability of Stirling Micro-Cogeneration System","authors":"I. G. Burrel, S. Leballois, E. Monmasson, L. Prevond","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778710","url":null,"abstract":"The simultaneous production of heat and power at a small-scale is already a well known technique. Cogeneration is one of the main ways to bring about decentralised, embedded, localised and/or autonomous power production. However, it is still a challenge to design cogenerators to be below 10 kW as required for the smallest applications such as providing heat and power to a single house. This paper specifically introduces a Stirling cogeneration system for which nominal power is 1 kW. The system connects a new \"double-effect\" Stirling engine with a linear induction generator. The connection is done via the engine's piston that serves also as the secondary (mover) of the generator. First of all, the system is described, then, a state-space model of the co-generator under steady-state oscillatory conditions is presented in order to synthesize a controller that ensures robust stability and desired performances through the resistant effort created by the generator on the piston.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"48 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132653452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1080/09398368.2009.11463705
M. Cirrincione, M. Pucci, G. Vitale, G. Scordato
This paper presents a single-phase shunt active power filter for current harmonic compensation based on neural filtering. The shunt active filter, realized by a current controlled inverter, has been used to compensate a nonlinear current load by receiving its reference from a neural adaptive notch filter. This is a recursive notch filter for the fundamental grid frequency (50 Hz) and is based on the use of a linear adaptive neuron (ADALINE). In this way the inverter creates a current equal in amplitude and opposite in sign to the load harmonic current, thus creating an almost sinusoidal grid current. The methodology has been applied in numerical simulations and experimentally on a properly devised test setup. With this regard, a reduced scale electrical grid has been built and used for assessing this methodology.
{"title":"A Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter for Current Harmonic Compensation by Adaptive Neural Filtering","authors":"M. Cirrincione, M. Pucci, G. Vitale, G. Scordato","doi":"10.1080/09398368.2009.11463705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09398368.2009.11463705","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a single-phase shunt active power filter for current harmonic compensation based on neural filtering. The shunt active filter, realized by a current controlled inverter, has been used to compensate a nonlinear current load by receiving its reference from a neural adaptive notch filter. This is a recursive notch filter for the fundamental grid frequency (50 Hz) and is based on the use of a linear adaptive neuron (ADALINE). In this way the inverter creates a current equal in amplitude and opposite in sign to the load harmonic current, thus creating an almost sinusoidal grid current. The methodology has been applied in numerical simulations and experimentally on a properly devised test setup. With this regard, a reduced scale electrical grid has been built and used for assessing this methodology.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117221987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778485
T. Sun, Xueqin Zhu, Hongpeng Liu, Lian Liang, Peng Gao
In conventional converter phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching DC/DC converter, lagging leg losses ZVS capability at light load conditions, and output rectifier diodes operate with hard switching. A novel soft-switching bi-directional converter employing auxiliary resonant net is proposed to solve these problems. The proposed converter can not only achieve soft switching but also eliminate the circulating current by adding an active clamp circuit in the secondary side and using saturable inductor in the primary side. In result, soft-switching operation range is extended. And all switches satisfy ZVS conditions. Synchronous rectifier technique is adopted in the converter, so the conduction loss is eliminated. In this paper TMS320F240 DSP is used as control chip, and the digital control system of the converter is designed. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed converter.
{"title":"A Novel ZVS PWM FB DC/DC Converter Using Auxiliary Resonant Net","authors":"T. Sun, Xueqin Zhu, Hongpeng Liu, Lian Liang, Peng Gao","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778485","url":null,"abstract":"In conventional converter phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching DC/DC converter, lagging leg losses ZVS capability at light load conditions, and output rectifier diodes operate with hard switching. A novel soft-switching bi-directional converter employing auxiliary resonant net is proposed to solve these problems. The proposed converter can not only achieve soft switching but also eliminate the circulating current by adding an active clamp circuit in the secondary side and using saturable inductor in the primary side. In result, soft-switching operation range is extended. And all switches satisfy ZVS conditions. Synchronous rectifier technique is adopted in the converter, so the conduction loss is eliminated. In this paper TMS320F240 DSP is used as control chip, and the digital control system of the converter is designed. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed converter.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"17 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114795800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778562
R. Muszynski
In the paper the analysis of the correlation of dynamical with steady state properties of the converter fed drives is presented. The analysis, based on the equations of the system, is made for the self commutated synchronous motor (SCSM), called also as the load commutated inverter fed synchronous motor (LCI-SM). First, the requirements of suitable acceleration of the drive and ratio of current increase during the dynamical state are transposed to the adequate commutation and control reserves of the converters. Then the influence of the reserves, kept in the steady state, on torque versus current characteristic, maximum available torque (overload capacity), selection of current limitation, power factor, loss and efficiency of the drive is analyzed. The obtained dependencies are illustrated in figures and with use of a number data. In the paper the deterioration of the steady state properties with increase of dynamics of the drive is concluded
{"title":"Correlation of Dynamical with Steady State Properties of Converter Fed Drives","authors":"R. Muszynski","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778562","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper the analysis of the correlation of dynamical with steady state properties of the converter fed drives is presented. The analysis, based on the equations of the system, is made for the self commutated synchronous motor (SCSM), called also as the load commutated inverter fed synchronous motor (LCI-SM). First, the requirements of suitable acceleration of the drive and ratio of current increase during the dynamical state are transposed to the adequate commutation and control reserves of the converters. Then the influence of the reserves, kept in the steady state, on torque versus current characteristic, maximum available torque (overload capacity), selection of current limitation, power factor, loss and efficiency of the drive is analyzed. The obtained dependencies are illustrated in figures and with use of a number data. In the paper the deterioration of the steady state properties with increase of dynamics of the drive is concluded","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121122970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778694
L. Gorgens, R. Siemieniec, Juan Sanchez
The rapidly increasing computation-capability, data-density and functionality of electronic systems are the driving forces for high-efficiency high power-density converters. Electronic systems are continuously increasing the demand for power, while simultaneously available space and cooling capability stays constant. This requires smaller form factors of the individual converter, higher efficiencies and higher output powers. To meet these demands, new power architectures, new converter-topologies and new MOSFET technologies are developed. In this paper we will review the basic operational modes for low-voltage semiconductors and mirror the resulting requirements with the capabilities of recent MOSFET technology developments.
{"title":"MOSFET Technology as a Key for High Power Density Converters","authors":"L. Gorgens, R. Siemieniec, Juan Sanchez","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778694","url":null,"abstract":"The rapidly increasing computation-capability, data-density and functionality of electronic systems are the driving forces for high-efficiency high power-density converters. Electronic systems are continuously increasing the demand for power, while simultaneously available space and cooling capability stays constant. This requires smaller form factors of the individual converter, higher efficiencies and higher output powers. To meet these demands, new power architectures, new converter-topologies and new MOSFET technologies are developed. In this paper we will review the basic operational modes for low-voltage semiconductors and mirror the resulting requirements with the capabilities of recent MOSFET technology developments.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123385815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778702
V. Utkin, Hoon Lee
This paper presents analysis of the chattering and a new approach of the chattering suppression. The chattering caused by the unmodeled dynamics is discussed and analyzed by the Lyapunov method and the describing function approach. It is shown that the amplitude of chattering depends on the magnitude of discontinuous control. To reduce the chattering, new sliding mode control design is proposed using the methods of changing switching gain along the system states or the magnitude of equivalent control. To support the methods, simulation results are provided.
{"title":"The Chattering Analysis","authors":"V. Utkin, Hoon Lee","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778702","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents analysis of the chattering and a new approach of the chattering suppression. The chattering caused by the unmodeled dynamics is discussed and analyzed by the Lyapunov method and the describing function approach. It is shown that the amplitude of chattering depends on the magnitude of discontinuous control. To reduce the chattering, new sliding mode control design is proposed using the methods of changing switching gain along the system states or the magnitude of equivalent control. To support the methods, simulation results are provided.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124122628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778708
S. Mihajlović, Caslav Lazovc
Storm of October 2003 and November 2004 belongs to the second maximum in the 23rd solar sunspot's cycle. Spectacular solar-geophysical processes were registered in the geospace from 21 to 31 October 2003. During 03-10, November 2004, the largest flare were accompanied by halo CMEs emission and the super active sunspot groups dominated in the solar activity. During those days, in the magnetic field of Sun, super active group of sunspots appeared with solar flares. This explosion of energy from the Sun's magnetic field induced very intense disturbances in the Earth electromagnetic field. Therefore, October 2003 and November 2004 are registered as the magnetic storms of class A. In this paper, some specific characteristics of this exceptionally intense solargeomagnetic activity are shown. Whilst the elevated X-ray component from a solar flare or coronal mass ejection (CME) can be significant , the effects of large particle events to the secondary radiation environment at jet aircraft cruising altitudes, can have consequences for both people and micro electronics used in modern generation aircraft. It has been shown that dose rates increase with higher latitudes and altitudes, and due to the geomagnetic field that deflect incoming solar and galactic cosmic ray, we get greater shielding closer to the equator.
{"title":"The Disturbances of the Solar-Geomagnetic Activity","authors":"S. Mihajlović, Caslav Lazovc","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778708","url":null,"abstract":"Storm of October 2003 and November 2004 belongs to the second maximum in the 23rd solar sunspot's cycle. Spectacular solar-geophysical processes were registered in the geospace from 21 to 31 October 2003. During 03-10, November 2004, the largest flare were accompanied by halo CMEs emission and the super active sunspot groups dominated in the solar activity. During those days, in the magnetic field of Sun, super active group of sunspots appeared with solar flares. This explosion of energy from the Sun's magnetic field induced very intense disturbances in the Earth electromagnetic field. Therefore, October 2003 and November 2004 are registered as the magnetic storms of class A. In this paper, some specific characteristics of this exceptionally intense solargeomagnetic activity are shown. Whilst the elevated X-ray component from a solar flare or coronal mass ejection (CME) can be significant , the effects of large particle events to the secondary radiation environment at jet aircraft cruising altitudes, can have consequences for both people and micro electronics used in modern generation aircraft. It has been shown that dose rates increase with higher latitudes and altitudes, and due to the geomagnetic field that deflect incoming solar and galactic cosmic ray, we get greater shielding closer to the equator.","PeriodicalId":401288,"journal":{"name":"2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124343245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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