Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942533
C. Engelbrecht, G. Diendorfer, F. Bologna
In this paper a methodology is presented to quantify the year-to-year variability of the lightning outage rate of transmission lines based on the stochastic and climatological variations in lightning incidence. The stochastic variations can adequately be described by the Poisson distribution, and the year-to-year variation in the lightning ground flash density by a Log-Normal distribution function. Based on data from ALDIS and EUCLID it is suggested that the standard deviation of Ln(Ng) typically falls between 0.3 and 0.6 and a median of 0.423.
{"title":"A methodology for quantifying the variability of transmission line lightning outage rates","authors":"C. Engelbrecht, G. Diendorfer, F. Bologna","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942533","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a methodology is presented to quantify the year-to-year variability of the lightning outage rate of transmission lines based on the stochastic and climatological variations in lightning incidence. The stochastic variations can adequately be described by the Poisson distribution, and the year-to-year variation in the lightning ground flash density by a Log-Normal distribution function. Based on data from ALDIS and EUCLID it is suggested that the standard deviation of Ln(Ng) typically falls between 0.3 and 0.6 and a median of 0.423.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115004659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942481
Despoina Koukoumpa, K. Koutras, G. Peppas, I. Naxakis, E. Pyrgioti
The subject of this study is the overvoltages developed during lightning events on the grounding system of a photovoltaic (PV) park located in Western Greece. Through modeling in the A TP - EMTP software, the transient response of the earthing system of the solar park under consideration is assessed for two scenarios of lightning strikes. The efficiency of the grounding system is simulated with respect to different lightning entries; from the side and the middle of the PV park while the influence of the soil ionization is also understudied. Furthermore, the grounding system with the soil ionization modelling under consideration, for Case A, is used to estimate the step voltages as a function of the distance from the lightning strike entrance point. Lastly, a comparison is conducted regarding the highest values of induced voltages recorded for Case A, taking into account the IEC 62305–1 and positive CIGRE 200 kA 10/350 μs. From the obtained results, it is clear that personnel is not safe until a distance of 3 m away from the strike.
{"title":"Overvoltages on a Photovoltaic Park Grounding System Exposed to Lightning Strike","authors":"Despoina Koukoumpa, K. Koutras, G. Peppas, I. Naxakis, E. Pyrgioti","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942481","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this study is the overvoltages developed during lightning events on the grounding system of a photovoltaic (PV) park located in Western Greece. Through modeling in the A TP - EMTP software, the transient response of the earthing system of the solar park under consideration is assessed for two scenarios of lightning strikes. The efficiency of the grounding system is simulated with respect to different lightning entries; from the side and the middle of the PV park while the influence of the soil ionization is also understudied. Furthermore, the grounding system with the soil ionization modelling under consideration, for Case A, is used to estimate the step voltages as a function of the distance from the lightning strike entrance point. Lastly, a comparison is conducted regarding the highest values of induced voltages recorded for Case A, taking into account the IEC 62305–1 and positive CIGRE 200 kA 10/350 μs. From the obtained results, it is clear that personnel is not safe until a distance of 3 m away from the strike.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121801722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942475
Jinxin Cao, Yaping Du, Yuxuan Ding, Zhe Li, Yang Zhang
The operation status of the arresters installed in the distribution network significantly affect the performance of lightning protection and maintenance cost. The damage rate of the surge arresters due to lightning strokes is one of the critical issues to be concern by power companies. A novel surrogate model is proposed to effectively evaluate the damage rate of the surge arresters (SAs) in a network. Firstly, based on a numerical Monte Carlo assessment for random positions of limited SAs in the distribution network, the distribution characteristic of energy absorption into the SAs is revealed. It is found that the energy absorption into a SA generally shows a log-normal distribution, no matter whether the SA is near the direct-stroke location or not. Then, the mean values of energy absorbed into each SA are found to decay exponentially with the distance from the direct-stroke location on the overhead lines. This general characteristic could be concluded with a great fitted empirical formula, based on which the damage-rate evaluation could be carried out with the consideration of the probability of stroke locations, without extra numerical simulation.
{"title":"Novel Evaluation of the Damage Rate of Surge Arresters Due to Lightning Stroke in a Distribution Network","authors":"Jinxin Cao, Yaping Du, Yuxuan Ding, Zhe Li, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942475","url":null,"abstract":"The operation status of the arresters installed in the distribution network significantly affect the performance of lightning protection and maintenance cost. The damage rate of the surge arresters due to lightning strokes is one of the critical issues to be concern by power companies. A novel surrogate model is proposed to effectively evaluate the damage rate of the surge arresters (SAs) in a network. Firstly, based on a numerical Monte Carlo assessment for random positions of limited SAs in the distribution network, the distribution characteristic of energy absorption into the SAs is revealed. It is found that the energy absorption into a SA generally shows a log-normal distribution, no matter whether the SA is near the direct-stroke location or not. Then, the mean values of energy absorbed into each SA are found to decay exponentially with the distance from the direct-stroke location on the overhead lines. This general characteristic could be concluded with a great fitted empirical formula, based on which the damage-rate evaluation could be carried out with the consideration of the probability of stroke locations, without extra numerical simulation.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115189649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942668
H. Amata, Takashi Suzuki, M. Nakahira, Akira Kato, Kentaro Takano, H. Hayashiya
At a traction substation in JR East, impact pressure relays of traction transformers and auxiliary relays related to these relays in control panel were broken. As a result of field surveys such as lightning indicator on the power transmission towers and trace of flashover on insulators separating overhead ground wire of substation from that of power transmission line, it was confirmed that lightning surge had invaded in this substation from power transmission line of power utility company. However, it was not possible to understand the process by which this trouble occurred. In this paper, we introduce an estimated processes that transformer protective relays were broken through various surveys. In addition, since the same trouble occurred in the next year at a different substation, most probable cause that considered from the result of a lightning impulse injection test was shown.
{"title":"Study of Power Equipment Trouble Caused by Lightning in Traction Substation","authors":"H. Amata, Takashi Suzuki, M. Nakahira, Akira Kato, Kentaro Takano, H. Hayashiya","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942668","url":null,"abstract":"At a traction substation in JR East, impact pressure relays of traction transformers and auxiliary relays related to these relays in control panel were broken. As a result of field surveys such as lightning indicator on the power transmission towers and trace of flashover on insulators separating overhead ground wire of substation from that of power transmission line, it was confirmed that lightning surge had invaded in this substation from power transmission line of power utility company. However, it was not possible to understand the process by which this trouble occurred. In this paper, we introduce an estimated processes that transformer protective relays were broken through various surveys. In addition, since the same trouble occurred in the next year at a different substation, most probable cause that considered from the result of a lightning impulse injection test was shown.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"1 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114125684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942651
Andrew Mckenzie
This article reviewed current lightning safety practices within Australia with an important emphasis on helping school teachers and students become more aware of the dangers of electrical storms and how to be proactive should the dangers arise. A Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) study on lightning safety, was carried out on a High School in Warrnambool, Victoria. The results revealed a need to increase the knowledge and safety of people with regards to dangerous thunderstorms.
{"title":"Teaching lightning safety at schools - an Australian perspective","authors":"Andrew Mckenzie","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942651","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviewed current lightning safety practices within Australia with an important emphasis on helping school teachers and students become more aware of the dangers of electrical storms and how to be proactive should the dangers arise. A Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) study on lightning safety, was carried out on a High School in Warrnambool, Victoria. The results revealed a need to increase the knowledge and safety of people with regards to dangerous thunderstorms.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121980253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942479
A. Ioannidis, P. Mikropoulos, T. Tsovilis, N. Kokkinos
A literature review on lightning protection of historical buildings and cultural heritage monuments is conducted. Cases of lightning-related damages reported worldwide are presented to stress the need for an efficient lightning protection system (LPS) design, minimizing the risk of loss of human life and cultural heritage. The procedures adopted by the international standard IEC 62305:2010 for lightning risk assessment and LPS design are described. In addition, several cases of external LPS installed to monuments and landmarks worldwide are shown. The design of an LPS for the Parthenon monument in accordance with IEC 62305:2010 is presented; the proposed LPS is further evaluated by employing a stochastic lightning attachment model.
{"title":"Lightning Protection of Historical Buildings and Cultural Heritage Monuments: A Literature Review","authors":"A. Ioannidis, P. Mikropoulos, T. Tsovilis, N. Kokkinos","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942479","url":null,"abstract":"A literature review on lightning protection of historical buildings and cultural heritage monuments is conducted. Cases of lightning-related damages reported worldwide are presented to stress the need for an efficient lightning protection system (LPS) design, minimizing the risk of loss of human life and cultural heritage. The procedures adopted by the international standard IEC 62305:2010 for lightning risk assessment and LPS design are described. In addition, several cases of external LPS installed to monuments and landmarks worldwide are shown. The design of an LPS for the Parthenon monument in accordance with IEC 62305:2010 is presented; the proposed LPS is further evaluated by employing a stochastic lightning attachment model.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117098507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942518
J. Langot, Etienne Gourcerol, Anamaria Serbescu, D. Brassard, K. Chizari, Maxime Lapalme, Alexandra Desautels, F. Sirois, D. Therriault
This study aimed at investigating the performance of woven and non-woven nickel-coated carbon fibres with varying sheet resistivity as potential solutions for lightning strike pro-tection of composite aircraft. Carbon/epoxy laminates protected by these technologies were subjected to lightning tests and their retention of mechanical properties in bending was analyzed via 4-point bending tests. The level of protection, additional weight and cost were then compared to the currently used expanded copper foil. Results showed that non-woven nickel-coated carbon fibres provided protection similar to expanded copper foil, but at a much lower weight and cost. Woven nickel-coated carbon fibers reduced the sheet resistivity of the specimens, but did not increased significantly its resistance to lightning strike, which could be due to the integration method on the baseline material.
{"title":"A comparative study on the performance of nickel-based technologies for lightning strike protection of composite aircraft","authors":"J. Langot, Etienne Gourcerol, Anamaria Serbescu, D. Brassard, K. Chizari, Maxime Lapalme, Alexandra Desautels, F. Sirois, D. Therriault","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942518","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at investigating the performance of woven and non-woven nickel-coated carbon fibres with varying sheet resistivity as potential solutions for lightning strike pro-tection of composite aircraft. Carbon/epoxy laminates protected by these technologies were subjected to lightning tests and their retention of mechanical properties in bending was analyzed via 4-point bending tests. The level of protection, additional weight and cost were then compared to the currently used expanded copper foil. Results showed that non-woven nickel-coated carbon fibres provided protection similar to expanded copper foil, but at a much lower weight and cost. Woven nickel-coated carbon fibers reduced the sheet resistivity of the specimens, but did not increased significantly its resistance to lightning strike, which could be due to the integration method on the baseline material.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129605847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942596
Fr. C. Rodrigues, M. Lacerda
In this paper, we contribute to the understanding of elapsed time between the first variation of electric field recorded by an Electric Field Mill that we call “pulse” and the first cloud-to-ground lightning. We present the result of studying the electric field recorded by two different databases of electrical field mill networks in Brazil during thunderstorm activity. The first one is the CHUV A project database (latitude 23°S), and the other is the UFMS database (latitude 20°S). We present data recordedby both databases and compare the elapsed time between the beginning of electrical activity and the first intracloudlightning and the elapsed time between the first intracloud lightning and the first cloud-to-ground lightning. These parameters are fundamental for emitting lightning alerts.
{"title":"Warning of lightning risk for the first lightning produced by a thunderstorm using electric field mill network records","authors":"Fr. C. Rodrigues, M. Lacerda","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942596","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we contribute to the understanding of elapsed time between the first variation of electric field recorded by an Electric Field Mill that we call “pulse” and the first cloud-to-ground lightning. We present the result of studying the electric field recorded by two different databases of electrical field mill networks in Brazil during thunderstorm activity. The first one is the CHUV A project database (latitude 23°S), and the other is the UFMS database (latitude 20°S). We present data recordedby both databases and compare the elapsed time between the beginning of electrical activity and the first intracloudlightning and the elapsed time between the first intracloud lightning and the first cloud-to-ground lightning. These parameters are fundamental for emitting lightning alerts.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128777659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942515
E. Shulzhenko, Kazuo Yamamoto, M. Rock
The aim of this study is to provide a numerical approach to evaluate lightning effects on the wind turbines. This is a continuation of the investigation conducted on the wind turbine in Nyuzen in Toyama Prefecture in Japan, which, for a validation reason of the numerical models, was equipped with a measurement system [1]. The previous paper was addressed the question of arose overvoltages in the tower foot on the medium voltage side and what effects it does have on the installed there surge arresters during different lightning events. This place could be considered as the most vulnerable for wind turbines during lightning events, since the surge arresters are not directly designed to handle lightning currents. During this study, the previously developed and validated numerical model in EMTP-ATP is taken and extended to include the electrical part on the low voltage side of the observed wind turbine as well as its external lightning protection system which conducts the lightning current from a rotor blade's tip into the tower base and generates overvoltages into the power system. The investigation is conducted without and with overvoltage protection system for different lightning currents.
{"title":"Calculation of Lightning Current Distribution within a Wind Turbine and its Surge Protection","authors":"E. Shulzhenko, Kazuo Yamamoto, M. Rock","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942515","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to provide a numerical approach to evaluate lightning effects on the wind turbines. This is a continuation of the investigation conducted on the wind turbine in Nyuzen in Toyama Prefecture in Japan, which, for a validation reason of the numerical models, was equipped with a measurement system [1]. The previous paper was addressed the question of arose overvoltages in the tower foot on the medium voltage side and what effects it does have on the installed there surge arresters during different lightning events. This place could be considered as the most vulnerable for wind turbines during lightning events, since the surge arresters are not directly designed to handle lightning currents. During this study, the previously developed and validated numerical model in EMTP-ATP is taken and extended to include the electrical part on the low voltage side of the observed wind turbine as well as its external lightning protection system which conducts the lightning current from a rotor blade's tip into the tower base and generates overvoltages into the power system. The investigation is conducted without and with overvoltage protection system for different lightning currents.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124748539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942461
O. Kherif, S. Robson, N. Harid, D. Thorpe, A. Haddad
This paper deals with the measurement of earthing impedance of systems subjected to low magnitude variable-frequency currents. Measurement fundamentals are briefly discussed and some factors that can influence the results are underlined. Experimental investigations are conducted to examine the impact of certain selected factors namely, the length of the test leads and the angle between them as well as the wire length between voltage transducer and injection point. At low frequencies, the results indicate that long test leads with a 90 degree angle represents the best measurement configuration. This configuration is considered for high frequency where the effect of the test wire length is studied. The results show that the length of the measurement wire results in a significant inductive component, which has different magnitude and occurs at different frequencies according to the wire length and the impedance of the earthing system. Such findings may help pave the way for the initiation of the standardization in the measurement of high frequency impedance of earthing systems.
{"title":"Considerations on Earthing Impedance Measurement using Low-magnitude Variable-frequency Currents","authors":"O. Kherif, S. Robson, N. Harid, D. Thorpe, A. Haddad","doi":"10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP56858.2022.9942461","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the measurement of earthing impedance of systems subjected to low magnitude variable-frequency currents. Measurement fundamentals are briefly discussed and some factors that can influence the results are underlined. Experimental investigations are conducted to examine the impact of certain selected factors namely, the length of the test leads and the angle between them as well as the wire length between voltage transducer and injection point. At low frequencies, the results indicate that long test leads with a 90 degree angle represents the best measurement configuration. This configuration is considered for high frequency where the effect of the test wire length is studied. The results show that the length of the measurement wire results in a significant inductive component, which has different magnitude and occurs at different frequencies according to the wire length and the impedance of the earthing system. Such findings may help pave the way for the initiation of the standardization in the measurement of high frequency impedance of earthing systems.","PeriodicalId":403323,"journal":{"name":"2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129800765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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