Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0045
Brandon Alakas
abstract:Prologues at the beginning of The Orcherd of Syon, which reimagine sCatherine of Siena’s Dialogo as a garden through which readers stroll, promote a material understanding of reading rooted in a complex notion of what occurred when devout readers encountered contemplative texts. These horticultural metaphors merit careful attention because they align Birgittine meditative reading with broader approaches among female religious toward food practice, the material world, and imitatio. Drawing these discourses together, The Orcherd, this article argues, offers readers an opportunity to communicate directly with God in a way akin to visionaries and prophets.
{"title":"Delightful Fruits and Bitter Weeds: Textual Consumption and Spiritual Identity in The Orcherd of Syon","authors":"Brandon Alakas","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0045","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Prologues at the beginning of The Orcherd of Syon, which reimagine sCatherine of Siena’s Dialogo as a garden through which readers stroll, promote a material understanding of reading rooted in a complex notion of what occurred when devout readers encountered contemplative texts. These horticultural metaphors merit careful attention because they align Birgittine meditative reading with broader approaches among female religious toward food practice, the material world, and imitatio. Drawing these discourses together, The Orcherd, this article argues, offers readers an opportunity to communicate directly with God in a way akin to visionaries and prophets.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0001
I. Resnick
abstract:A widely shared sense among later medieval Christians that Jews represented a growing threat led to efforts to clearly mark or distinguish Jews. These efforts often demanded special garments or distinguishing marks on Jews’ clothes, or sought natural signs visible in the Jews’ body that would identify them. When these measures failed, some fifteenth-century Spanish Christians placed their hopes on mechanical devices or automata that could clearly identify Jews, conversos, or crypto-Jews in order to effect a separation between Christian and Jewish communities. This article examines Alonso Tostado’s description of a “talking head” or automaton, inspired by one previously fashioned by Albertus Magnus, which identified any Jew who attempted to enter the town of Tábara. It traces this tradition through early modern Spanish and French literature to demonstrate the special concern to safeguard Christian “purity of blood” in Spain but absent in French sources.
{"title":"Medieval Automata and later Medieval Judeophobia","authors":"I. Resnick","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:A widely shared sense among later medieval Christians that Jews represented a growing threat led to efforts to clearly mark or distinguish Jews. These efforts often demanded special garments or distinguishing marks on Jews’ clothes, or sought natural signs visible in the Jews’ body that would identify them. When these measures failed, some fifteenth-century Spanish Christians placed their hopes on mechanical devices or automata that could clearly identify Jews, conversos, or crypto-Jews in order to effect a separation between Christian and Jewish communities. This article examines Alonso Tostado’s description of a “talking head” or automaton, inspired by one previously fashioned by Albertus Magnus, which identified any Jew who attempted to enter the town of Tábara. It traces this tradition through early modern Spanish and French literature to demonstrate the special concern to safeguard Christian “purity of blood” in Spain but absent in French sources.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48365086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0102
W. Matlock
{"title":"Arts of Dying: Literature and Finitude in Medieval England by D. Vance Smith (review)","authors":"W. Matlock","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47806143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0109
Luke Penkett
{"title":"Pore Caitif: A Middle English Manual of Religion and Devotion ed. by Karine Moreau-Guibert (review)","authors":"Luke Penkett","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.48.1.0109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48594731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anchorites and their texts, such as Ancrene Wisse, have recently undergone a reevaluation based on material circumstances, not just theological import. The articles here address a variety of anchoritic or anchoritic-adjacent texts, encompassing guidance literature, hagiographies, miracle narratives, medical discourse, and mystic prose, and spanning in date from the eighth through the fourteenth centuries. Exploring reclusion and materiality, the collection addresses a series of overlapping themes, including the importance of touch, the limits of religious authority, and the role of the senses. Objects, metaphorical and real, embodied and spiritual, populate the pages. These categories are permeable, with flexible and porous boundaries, demonstrating the conflation of ideas, concepts, and manifestations in medieval materiality. In fact, the permeability of these categories demonstrates how materiality can reshape our approach to medieval texts. It leaves room for directions for future study, including the application of material analysis to previously unstudied objects, spaces, and literary artifacts.
{"title":"The Materiality of Middle English Anchoritic Devotion","authors":"Nicola Estrafallaces","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv2175h16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2175h16","url":null,"abstract":"Anchorites and their texts, such as Ancrene Wisse, have recently undergone a reevaluation based on material circumstances, not just theological import. The articles here address a variety of anchoritic or anchoritic-adjacent texts, encompassing guidance literature, hagiographies, miracle narratives, medical discourse, and mystic prose, and spanning in date from the eighth through the fourteenth centuries. Exploring reclusion and materiality, the collection addresses a series of overlapping themes, including the importance of touch, the limits of religious authority, and the role of the senses. Objects, metaphorical and real, embodied and spiritual, populate the pages. These categories are permeable, with flexible and porous boundaries, demonstrating the conflation of ideas, concepts, and manifestations in medieval materiality. In fact, the permeability of these categories demonstrates how materiality can reshape our approach to medieval texts. It leaves room for directions for future study, including the application of material analysis to previously unstudied objects, spaces, and literary artifacts.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0113
Anne Winston-Allen
abstract:Very few copies of Jacobus de Voragine's Latin "best seller," the Legenda aurea, were supplied with illustrations. Yet a large number of its vernacular translations were generously illustrated. Accordingly, these "visual narratives" must also be "read" and interpreted. For, as Mieke Bal observed, an illustration "does not replace a text, it is one." The image of St. Agnes painted in 1362 for the earliest German translation is a surprising example unlike any other depiction of the saint before or after it. Examining what was behind this image casts light on alternative ways in which different medieval audiences understood the text.
{"title":"What Is Being Illustrated? Case Study of a \"Revised\" St. Agnes Vita in the Earliest German Translation of the Legenda Aurea (1362)","authors":"Anne Winston-Allen","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0113","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Very few copies of Jacobus de Voragine's Latin \"best seller,\" the Legenda aurea, were supplied with illustrations. Yet a large number of its vernacular translations were generously illustrated. Accordingly, these \"visual narratives\" must also be \"read\" and interpreted. For, as Mieke Bal observed, an illustration \"does not replace a text, it is one.\" The image of St. Agnes painted in 1362 for the earliest German translation is a surprising example unlike any other depiction of the saint before or after it. Examining what was behind this image casts light on alternative ways in which different medieval audiences understood the text.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43516261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0166
Jonathan Stavsky
abstract:This article documents several unrecorded allusions to Susanna and the Elders (Dan. 13) in The Book of Margery Kempe, analyzes their function, and compares them with similar undetected echoes of the story in the Vita Offae Primi, attributed to Matthew Paris, John Whethamstede's Registrum, Chaucer's Franklin's Tale, Hoccleve's Series, the fabliau "Auberee," and the chantefable Aucassin et Nicolette. Whereas some passages in the Book implicitly liken Kempe to Susanna, others contrast them. Yet the irony that emerges from the latter, for which her second scribe and confessor is probably responsible, does not turn her into a caricature of failed biblical virtue. On the contrary, it humanizes her and provides a glimpse of their intricate relationship.
文摘：本文记录了《玛格丽·肯普之书》中关于苏珊娜和长老们（丹13）的几个未被记录的典故，分析了它们的作用，并将它们与马修·帕里斯（Matthew Paris）、约翰·惠瑟姆斯特德（John Whethamstede）的《书记官处》（Registerum）、乔叟（Chaucer）的《富兰克林的故事》（Franklin’s Tale），fabliau“Auberee”和可唱的Aucassin et Nicolette。书中的一些段落含蓄地将肯普比作苏珊娜，而另一些段落则将其进行了对比。然而，后者的讽刺意味并没有把她变成一个失败的圣经美德的漫画，她的第二个抄写员和忏悔者可能对此负责。相反，它使她人性化，让人得以一窥他们错综复杂的关系。
{"title":"\"For-soþe I had leuar se ȝow be slayn\": Margery Kempe and the Biblical Susanna","authors":"Jonathan Stavsky","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0166","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article documents several unrecorded allusions to Susanna and the Elders (Dan. 13) in The Book of Margery Kempe, analyzes their function, and compares them with similar undetected echoes of the story in the Vita Offae Primi, attributed to Matthew Paris, John Whethamstede's Registrum, Chaucer's Franklin's Tale, Hoccleve's Series, the fabliau \"Auberee,\" and the chantefable Aucassin et Nicolette. Whereas some passages in the Book implicitly liken Kempe to Susanna, others contrast them. Yet the irony that emerges from the latter, for which her second scribe and confessor is probably responsible, does not turn her into a caricature of failed biblical virtue. On the contrary, it humanizes her and provides a glimpse of their intricate relationship.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.225
Eric Weiskott
{"title":"\"Piers Plowman\" and the Reinvention of Church Law in the Late Middle Ages by Arvind Thomas (review)","authors":"Eric Weiskott","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42388239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.213
Luke Penkett
{"title":"Revelation and Apocalypse in Late Medieval Literature: The Writings of Julian of Norwich and William Langland by Luke Penkett (review)","authors":"Luke Penkett","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0189
K. Winstead
abstract:This article examines Robyn Cadwallader's 2015 novel The Anchoress as an interpretation of the early thirteenth-century saint's life Seinte Margarete. The Anchoress is at once a scrupulously researched historical novel and what the author calls a "critical fiction," that is, a work of fiction that undertakes the same analytical project as conventional literary criticism: it self-consciously interprets a narrative through its own narrative and investigates many of the same issues that are explored in more familiar forms of literary scholarship and cultural history. The author analyzes The Anchoress's critical strategies and considers how it can prompt us to think in new and creative ways about Seinte Margarete and the devotional culture that produced it. As it interprets Seinte Margarete, this article shows, Cadwallader's novel mimics the medieval text, producing a Saint Margaret for a twenty-first-century secular audience. Despite their limitations, which are also considered, critical fictions such as Cadwallader's can deepen our appreciation of the past we love and stimulate us to rethink its relation to the present we inhabit.
{"title":"Critical Fiction: Reading Seinte Margarete Through Robyn Cadwallader's The Anchoress","authors":"K. Winstead","doi":"10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.47.2.0189","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article examines Robyn Cadwallader's 2015 novel The Anchoress as an interpretation of the early thirteenth-century saint's life Seinte Margarete. The Anchoress is at once a scrupulously researched historical novel and what the author calls a \"critical fiction,\" that is, a work of fiction that undertakes the same analytical project as conventional literary criticism: it self-consciously interprets a narrative through its own narrative and investigates many of the same issues that are explored in more familiar forms of literary scholarship and cultural history. The author analyzes The Anchoress's critical strategies and considers how it can prompt us to think in new and creative ways about Seinte Margarete and the devotional culture that produced it. As it interprets Seinte Margarete, this article shows, Cadwallader's novel mimics the medieval text, producing a Saint Margaret for a twenty-first-century secular audience. Despite their limitations, which are also considered, critical fictions such as Cadwallader's can deepen our appreciation of the past we love and stimulate us to rethink its relation to the present we inhabit.","PeriodicalId":40395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48439543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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